Search

En los últimos años los estudiantes universitarios han mostrado una disminución de los niveles de actividad física. Los objetivos del presente estudio fueron comparar y asociar parámetros de composición corporal y rendimiento físico en estudiantes universitarios de educación física de primer año. Participaron 72 estudiantes de ambos sexos (19 mujeres de 18.37 ± 0.51 años y 63 hombres de 19.16 ± 2.92 años). Se analizaron parámetros de composición corporal y rendimiento físico. Los resultados mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre hombres y mujeres en la masa corporal (p = .018), talla (p < .001), Σ6pliegues (p = .002), % de masa adiposa (p < .001), AF/SEM (p < .001), CMJ (p < .001), T10 (p < .001), T30 (p < .001), MYYTRI1 (p < .001) y Vo2máx (p = .043). Además, se encontraron correlaciones significativas (p < .05) entre niveles de Actividad Física semanal, parámetros de composición corporal y rendimiento físico. Se concluye que existen diferencias entre hombres y mujeres en relación con el volumen/número de horas de actividad física semanal, siendo esta mayor en hombres, composición corporal deficiente en mujeres junto con un menor rendimiento físico. Así mismo, el % de masa adiposa se asoció con medidas de condición física. A la luz de los hallazgos, parece necesario fortalecer los programas que promuevan la actividad física entre estudiantes universitarios. Estos resultados pueden servir de apoyo a las comunidades universitarias para reformar programas de desarrollo deportivo y hábitos de vida saludable. Palabras claves: Composición corporal, educación física, estudiantes, rendimiento físico. Abstract. In recent years, university students have shown a decrease in physical activity levels. The aims of this study were to compare and associate body composition parameters and physical performance in first-year physical education university students. 72 students of both sexes participated (19 women, 18.37 ± 0.51 years old and 63 men, 19.16 ± 2.92 years old). Body composition and physical performance parameters were analyzed. The results showed statistically significant differences between men and women in body mass (p = .018), height (p < .001), Σ6skinfolds (p = .002), % fat mass (p < .001), PA/Week (p < .001), CMJ (p < .001), T10 (p < .001), T30 (p < .001), MYYTRI1 (p < .001) and Vo2max (p = .043). In addition, significant correlations (p < .05) were found between weekly Physical Activity levels, body composition parameters, and physical performance. It is concluded that there are differences between men and women in relation to the volume/number of hours of weekly physical activity, this being greater in men, poor body composition in women along with lower physical performance. Likewise, the % of adipose mass was associated with measures of physical condition. In light of the findings, it seems necessary to strengthen programs that promote physical activity among university students. These results can serve as support to the university communities to reform sports development programs and healthy lifestyle habits. Keywords: Body composition, physical education, students, physical condition.

Objective To describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of newborn infants with SARS-CoV-2 infection notified in the Colombian Public Health Surveillance System.Design This epidemiological descriptive analysis was conducted using the data of all cases of newborn infants with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection notified in the surveillance system. Absolute frequencies and central tendency measures were calculated and a bivariate analysis comparing variables of interest with symptomatic and asymptomatic disease was performed.Setting Population-based descriptive analysis.Patients Laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases in newborn infants (aged ≤28 days of life) reported to the surveillance system from 1 March 2020 to 28 February 2021.Results 879 newborns were identified, corresponding to 0.04% of all reported cases in the country. The mean age at diagnosis was 13 days (range 0–28 days), 55.1% were male and most (57.6%) were classified as symptomatic. Preterm birth and low birth weight were identified in 24.0% and 24.4% of the cases, respectively. Common symptoms were fever (58.3%), cough (48.3%) and respiratory distress (34.9%). A higher prevalence of symptomatic newborns was seen in individuals with low birth weight for gestational age (prevalence ratio (PR): 1.51, 95% CI: 1.44 to 1.59) and newborns with underlying conditions (PR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.13 to 1.55).Conclusions There were a low proportion of confirmed COVID-19 cases in the newborn population. A substantial number of newborns were classified as symptomatic, having low birth weight and being preterm. Clinicians caring for COVID-19-infected newborns should be aware of population characteristics that potentially contribute to disease manifestations and severity.

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection during pregnancy is related with adverse maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes. Placental SARS-CoV-2 involvement may include various degrees of inflammation and malperfusion leading to diverse pregnancy complications. Methods: Placental, fetal and umbilical cord samples of three fetal demise cases that occurred in the context of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infections were analyzed. Cases were notified to the Colombian SARS-CoV-2 National Surveillance System. RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis were employed to identify potential tissue viral involvement. Results: RT-PCR and IHC confirmed the presence of viral genomes and antigens in placental and umbilical cord tissues. Histopathological analysis revealed findings consistent with placental malperfusion and inflammation. Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy can lead to placental dysfunction and damage compromising fetal survival. Many questions regarding SARS-CoV-2 dynamics during pregnancy including placental physiopathology and in utero transmission are still pending definitive answers.

Project Vigilancia de Embarazadas con Zika (VEZ), an intensified surveillance of pregnant women with symptoms of the Zika virus disease (ZVD) in Colombia, aimed to evaluate the relationship between symptoms of ZVD during pregnancy and adverse pregnancy, birth, and infant outcomes and early childhood neurodevelopmental outcomes. During May–November 2016, pregnant women in three Colombian cities who were reported with symptoms of ZVD to the national surveillance system, or with symptoms of ZVD visiting participating clinics, were enrolled in Project VEZ. Data from maternal and pediatric (up to two years of age) medical records were abstracted. Available maternal specimens were tested for the presence of the Zika virus ribonucleic acid and/or anti-Zika virus immunoglobulin antibodies. Of 1213 enrolled pregnant women with symptoms of ZVD, 1180 had a known pregnancy outcome. Results of the Zika virus laboratory testing were available for 569 (48.2%) pregnancies with a known pregnancy outcome though testing timing varied and was often distal to the timing of symptoms; 254 (21.5% of the whole cohort; 44.6% of those with testing results) were confirmed or presumptive positive for the Zika virus infection. Of pregnancies with a known outcome, 50 (4.2%) fetuses/infants had Zika-associated brain or eye defects, which included microcephaly at birth. Early childhood adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes were more common among those with Zika-associated birth defects than among those without and more common among those with laboratory evidence of a Zika virus infection compared with the full cohort. The proportion of fetuses/infants with any Zika-associated brain or eye defect was consistent with the proportion seen in other studies. Enhancements to Colombia’s existing national surveillance enabled the assessment of adverse outcomes associated with ZVD in pregnancy.

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue evaluar la relación de los autoesquemas y las habilidades sociales de 49 adolescentes de ambos géneros con diagnóstico de labio y paladar hendido, de la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia. El diseño del estudio fue exploratorio-descriptivo-transversal-correlacional. Se utilizaron como instrumentos el Cuestionario de Esquemas, CIE y la Escala de Habilidades Sociales, EHS. Los resultados no evidenciaron niveles clínicamente significativos en las variables del estudio, a nivel general los puntajes de los autoesquemas y las habilidades sociales, reportados por los adolescentes con labio y paladar hendido, fueron buenos. Por último, todo el estudio tuvo un Alfa de Cronbach superior a .70

Mucopolysaccharidosis type IV or Morquio Syndrome, is a lysosomal deposit disease, of autosomal recessive inheritance with a similar incidence in men and women. The clinical picture is of variable expressiveness, its phenotype is characterized by skeletal dysplasia that includes neck and short trunk, short stature, keel thorax, kyphosis, scoliosis, genus valgus, flat foot, coxa valga, gait disorders, instability of the cervical spine and wedge or ovoid vertebrae. The treatment is symptomatic, with enzyme replacement. We present a series of 5 cases, the product of 2 couples, with a confirmed diagnosis of Mucopolysaccharidosis type IV, and different clinical presentation.

Monkeypox (mpox), caused by the MPOXV (monkeypox virus), has been endemic in Africa since its first identification in 1958. However, in May 2022, the world witnessed the first global outbreak associated with the West African clade. Even though thousands of cases have been recorded, our understanding of vertical transmission during pregnancy remains restricted due to an absence of reported cases in pregnant women and a lack of adequate clinical descriptions. The cases of two pregnant women, ages 33 and 24, who tested positive for MPOXV at 31 and 13.4 weeks of gestation, respectively, are presented. In all cases, extensive clinical, histological, and molecular examinations of the mothers and neonates revealed no indication of vertical transmission., (© 2024 Scandinavian Societies for Pathology, Medical Microbiology and Immunology.)