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Increasing road construction activities in Nigeria has led to increased demand for lateritic soil (LS), whose properties vary from one location to another, and. The properties of some of this laterite deposits along road alignment can be improved to enable it withstand traffic loads. This paper presents results of the laboratory evaluation of LS stabilised with oil palm fibre ash and cement blends, with a view to determine its suitability as flexible pavement construction material. The mixtures were subjected to British Standard heavy (modified Proctor) compaction energy to determine their strength characteristics. Test results show that the properties of LS improved with oil palm fibre ash and cement treatment. The maximum dry density decreased with corresponding increase in optimum moisture content as the cement content increased from 0% to 6% and the LS content of the mixtures decreased with increased oil palm fibre ash, at a fixed per cent of cement. The peaked California bearing ratio of 190.09% (soaked) recorded for the 80% LS + 14% OPFA + 6% C mix proportion, with 14th day unconfined compressive strength of 785.75 kN/m2, cohesion of 140 kN/m2 and angle of internal friction of 25°, can be used as a base material in road construction. Further work may be encouraged to assess resilient modulus of this material under cyclic load. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Massive sugarcane bagasse ash waste is generated from the combustion of fibrous residue of sugarcane. Also, highway reconstruction work generates large volume of reclaimed asphalt pavements that are disposed as waste. This paper present results of stabilization and laboratory evaluation of the characteristics of these wastes with a view to determine its suitability as flexible pavement material. The mixtures were subjected to reduced British standard light (reduced Proctor), British standard light (standard Proctor), West African standard and British standard heavy compactive efforts to determine the compaction characteristics, California bearing ratio, durability and water absorption characteristics of the mixes. Test results show that the properties of reclaimed asphalt pavements waste improved with sugarcane bagasse ash stabilisation. The maximum dry density decreased as the optimum moisture content increased with higher sugarcane bagasse ash contents in the mixes. Maximum California bearing ratio values of 28% (unsoaked) and 14% (soaked for 24 h) were recorded for 50% RAP + 50% SCBA mix that satisfied durability requirements and can be used as subgrade material in flexible pavement construction. This research is based on CBR determination. Further work may be encouraged to assess resilient modulus of this material under cyclic load. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An attempt was made to improve the physical and strength properties of a reddish-brown lateritic soil. 15-60% of sand by dry weight of laterite was used as a modifier in the stabilization of the laterite with 3-12% by dry weight of cement. Classification, compaction, California bearing ratio (CBR), and unconfined compressive strength tests were carried out on the specimens. The plasticity index decreased from 17% for untreated laterite to 2.5% when treated with a combination of 60% sand+6% cement. For the two energy levels of compaction, optimum moisture content (OMC) was found to increase with an increase in cement content but decreased as the sand content increased. The OMC at the West African standard (WAS) energy level was consistently lower than the values obtained at the standard proctor (SP) energy level, while the corresponding values of maximum dry density were higher at the WAS energy level than the values at the SP energy level. The CBR requirements for base course material were met when laterite was admixed with 45% sand+6% cement and 30% sand+6% cement, and 15% sand+6% cement, 30% sand+6% cement, and 45% sand+3% cement at the SP and WAS energy levels, respectively. It can be concluded that sand enhanced the effective stabilization of Ikpayongo laterite with cement within the maximum cement content specified by the Nigerian code. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses on the evaluation of simple performance tests (SPTs), such as dynamic modulus, indirect tensile strength and rutting resistance tests, as it imparts on strength, service and durability requirements of high-density polypropylene polymer waste modified over conventional asphalt. The dynamic modulus test was carried out by Simple Performance Tester (SPT) or Asphalt Mixture Performance Tester (AMPT) using International Process Control (IPC) global test machine, otherwise called Universal Test Machine, with a pneumatic load of 25kN (UTM-25P) in accordance with AASHTO TP62-03 method, in order to determine modulus value, phase angle and recoverable strain. Indirect tensile strength evaluation was carried out using ASTM D4123-05a and ASTM D6931-12 recommendations. The recommendations followed for permanent deformation (rutting) were those stated in the NCHRP Report 508:2003 and AASTHO T324. The results showed that 2.0% HDPP asphalt performed optimally and gave enhanced results for dynamic modulus, ITS and rutting than conventional asphalt (control) for mitigating pavement distresses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]