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Introduction: Bladder and urinary sphincter malfunctioning that results from some change in the central and/or peripheral nervous system is defined as neurogenic bladder. The urinary tract symptoms that can be related to its filling, emptying, or both have a significant impact on the quality of life of individuals. The present review was based on the document prepared for the public health system in Brazil as a treatment guidelines proposal. Material and Methods: Survey questions were structured as per PICO (Population, Intervention, Control, and Outcome). Search strategies were defined and performed in the MEDLINE/Pubmed, Embase, Epistemonikos and Google Scholar databases. The selection of articles followed the evidence hierarchy concept; evidence body was identified, and the quantitative study data were extracted. The quality of evidence and grade of recommendation were qualitatively assessed according to GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations). Results: A total of 2.707 articles were identified, with 49 of them being selected to compose the basis for this review. Neurogenic bladder treatments were classified according to their focus on filling or emptying symptoms and sub- classified in pharmacological and surgical treatments. Conclusion: Treatment guidelines are important tools for the public health system to promote the best practice when treating neurogenic bladder patients.

AIMS Evaluate the efficacy of biofeedback and parassacral electric nerve stimulation (TENS) for the treatment of children with lower urinary tract (LUT) dysfunction. METHODS A prospective, randomized study was approved by our Hospital Ethics Committee. We enrolled 64 children, 43 girls and 21 boys, average age of 9.39 years. The initial evaluation consisted of history, physical examination, urine analyses, voiding diary, uroflow, and ultrasound. Dysfunction voiding symptom score (DVSS) questionnaires were applied pre- and post-treatment. The children were divided into two treatment groups independent of the predominant type of voiding dysfunction (dysfunctional or overactive bladder): biofeedback group and TENS group. The criteria for assessing the effectiveness of the techniques was the resolution of daytime and nighttime symptoms including urinary leakage, improvements in voiding diary, DVSS, and changes in uroflow. After 6 months, the children were reassessed with the same work-up of baseline. RESULTS Regarding daytime symptoms, results for complete response were similar between the two groups (P = 0.483); 54.9% of children treated by the biofeedback group and 60.6% in the TENS group. The same have been observed in the nighttime incontinence with complete resolutions in 29.6% and 25%, respectively ( P = 0.461). Analyzing the voiding diary, uroflow and DVSS questionnaires both groups had significant improvement ( P = 0.001) after treatment. The biofeedback group required fewer sessions than TENS group, 10.9 and 18.1, respectively ( P