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Our study examined the psychometric properties and factor structure of an instrument to assess emotional climate during the COVID-19 pandemic using a sample of 601 Portuguese individuals. Two sub-samples were created, one to perform an exploratory factor analysis (EFA), composed of 300 participants, and the other to conduct a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), composed of 301 individuals. Two factors were found: positive and negative emotional climate. In the EFA, both factors established a negative and significant correlation. However, the CFA presented a better fit with two independent factors. Reliability analysis indicated acceptable values for both dimensions. There was also evidence of discriminant, convergent, and criterion validity. More negative emotions were perceived regarding the social climate. Results were discussed in the frame of different positive and negative psychosocial variables related to positive and negative emotional climates, as well as positive emotional climate as a resource for collective resilience.

The main purpose of this study was to investigate whether work engagement mediates the relationship between job crafting and job performance. To this end, the following hypotheses were formulated: (1) job crafting establishes a positive and significant association with job performance; (2) job establishes a positive and significant association with work engagement; (3) work engagement establishes a positive and significant association with job performance; (4) work engagement mediates the association between job crafting and job performance. The sample was composed of 453 participants working in organisations based in Portugal. The hypotheses formulated in this study were tested by performing simple and multiple linear regressions. The results indicated that only increasing structural job resources and increasing challenging job demands established a positive and significant association with task performance. Increasing structural job resources, increasing social job resources, and increasing challenging job demands established a positive and significant association with citizenship performance and work engagement. Work engagement established a positive and significant association with task performance and citizenship performance. Only a partial mediating effect, through work engagement, was observed on the association between increasing challenging job demands and task performance, and between increasing social job resources and citizenship performance. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

EnglishThe evidence that individuals’ happiness and general well-being are closely related has made happiness a frequently studied topic in the last decades. Studies showed that happiness has several dimensions and that these are dependent, amongst others, of cultural, economic, and social factors. The aim of this study was to validate a measure that identifies possible dimensions of happiness having as a starting point the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire. An online questionnaire with socio-professional items and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire was used. A sample of 1032 individuals from several Portuguese higher education establishments was collected, of which 581 (56.3%) were students, 257 (24.9%) were faculty members, and 194 (18.8%) were non-teaching staff. The sample was divided into two subsamples: sample 1 (n=508) and sample 2 (n=524). A Principal Components Analysis (PCA) was performed on sample 1, followed by Covariance Based Structural Equation Modelling (CB-SEM) on sample 2. The PCA presented results, consistent with the existing theory, for a three-factor model. CB-SEM identified several items with significant correlations with more than one latent variable, which were eliminated from the model. A valid model (CFI=.95; TLI=.94; AGFI=.95; RMSEA=.04) was obtained, with three dimensions: Joy (six items); Positivism (nine items); and Reliability (two items). We conclude that a threedimension model is valid for the population under study and should be applied to other populations to deepen the conclusions. These three dimensions may serve as a basis to better understand what influences our happiness and propose interventions to promote it. portuguesA evidencia de que a felicidade e o bem-estar geral dos individuos estao intimamente relacionados fez da felicidade um tema frequentemente estudado nas ultimas decadas. Estudos demonstraram que a felicidade tem varias dimensoes e que estas dependem, entre outros, de factores culturais, economicos e sociais. O objectivo deste estudo foi validar uma medida que identifica possiveis dimensoes da felicidade, tendo como ponto de partida o Questionario da Felicidade de Oxford. Foi utilizado um questionario online com itens socioprofissionais e o Questionario Oxford da Felicidade. Foi recolhida uma amostra de 1032 individuos de varios estabelecimentos de ensino superior portugueses, dos quais 581 (56,3%) eram estudantes, 257 (24,9%) eram docentes e 194 (18,8%) eram pessoal nao docente. A amostra foi dividida em duas subamostras: amostra 1 (n=508) e amostra 2 (n=524). Foi realizada uma Analise de Componentes Principais (APC) na amostra 1, seguida de Modelacao da Equacao Estrutural Baseada na Covariância (CB-SEM) na amostra 2. A APC apresentou resultados, consistentes com a teoria existente, para um modelo com tres factores. A CB-SEM identificou varios itens com correlacoes significativas com mais do que uma variavel latente, que foram eliminados do modelo. Foi obtido um modelo valido (CFI=.95; TLI=.94; AGFI=.95; RMSEA=.04), com tres dimensoes: Alegria (seis itens); Positivismo (nove itens); e Fiabilidade (dois itens). Concluimos que um modelo tridimensional e valido para a populacao em estudo e deve ser aplicado a outras populacoes para aprofundar as conclusoes. Estas tres dimensoes podem servir como base para compreender melhor o que influencia a nossa felicidade e propor intervencoes para a promover.

The year of 2007 was marked by one of the most severe global financial crises, which led to an increase of psychopathological symptoms that negatively affected life satisfaction. This research analyzed how financial threat was associated with life satisfaction and how coping, as a mediating variable, influenced this relationship. The theoretical model was tested through a sample of 901 Portuguese individuals, averaging 37 years old (SD=12.86). A structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to obtain the results, by using a multiple-group analysis. Overall, the results showed that financial threat is negatively associated with life satisfaction and that proactive coping strategies have a positive association with life satisfaction. The results obtained from coping as a mediating variable were not significant (considering the total sample). However, when we performed a multiple-group analysis, in the group of individuals with lower levels of financial threat, the mediation effect was statistically significant, showing an almost total attenuation of the crisis’s negative effects on life satisfaction. Thusly, we can infer that the mediating role of coping depends on the level of perceived financial threat. Since periods of financial threat have a negative impact on individuals’ psychological health, coping strategies can mitigate this relationship by decreasing the aforementioned negative impact. Resumo: O ano de 2007 foi marcado por uma das maiores crises financeiras de sempre, que levou a um aumento dos sintomas psicopatológicos que afetam negativamente a satisfação com a vida. Este estudo procurou analisar de que modo a ameaça financeira se associa com a satisfação com a vida e como o coping (utilizado como váriavel mediadora) influencia esta relação. O modelo teórico foi testado através de uma amostra composta por 901 indivíduos portugueses, com uma idade média de 37 anos (SD=12.86). Para a obtenção dos resultados, foi utilizado um modelo de equações estruturais (SEM) com uma análise multigrupo. De um modo geral, os resultados mostraram que a análise financeira está negativamente associada com a satisfação com a vida e que as estratégias de coping proativo têm uma associação positiva com a satisfação com a vida. Os resultados obtidos do coping como variável mediadora não foram estatisticamente significantes, tendo em conta a amostra total. Contudo, ao efetuarmos uma análise multigrupo, o efeito de mediação, nos indivíduos com os níveis mais baixos de ameaça financeira, foi estatisticamente significante, atenuando quase totalmente os efeitos negativos da crise financeira na satisfação com a vida. Assim, podemos inferir que o papel do coping (como variável mediadora) depende do nível percecionado de ameaça financeira, ou seja, as estratégias de coping podem mitigar o impacto negativo de períodos de crise financeira na saúde psicológica dos indivíduos, uma vez que diminuem o supramencionado impacto. . info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

PurposeFrontline employees’ suggestions are relevant for employee-driven organisational change because their knowledge is partially constructed from direct contact with customers and indirectly with competitors. The employee’s personality is a paramount individual characteristic that can exert a major potential influence on the proposal and implementation of those suggestions. This study aims to discuss the impact of the personality dimensions in the Big Five model (i.e. extraversion, neuroticism, conscientiousness, agreeableness and openness to experience) on suggestions generated by frontline employees and implemented in their firms.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire was prepared based on a review of the academic literature. The 5 presented hypotheses were tested with data from 167 frontline employees from hotels in Tenerife (Spain).FindingsResults show the relevance of frontline employees’ three characteristics of personality regarding the employee-driven organisational change. Thus, their extraversion, neuroticism and lack of direction tend to be relevant drivers of the suggestion and implementation of change.Practical implicationsFrontline employees act as change agents in hospitality firms. Managers should develop recruitment processes that allow to select individuals prone to proposing innovative suggestions and creating a friendlier system for submitting and defending them.Originality/valueEmployee-driven organisational change becomes crucial for the survival and growth of hospitality firms. Relatively few studies have been conducted on the role of frontline employees as change facilitators in the sector. This study contributes to shedding light on this research gap from a personality approach and the study also provides practical implications to increase valid suggestions in the hospitality sector.

Job satisfaction is a key concept in the organizational literature, as satisfied employees allow organizations to achieve desired work-related outcomes. Nevertheless, more research is needed to understand what organizational and individual variables shape the job satisfaction of employees from the hospitality sector. This study assesses the role of organizational variables (perceived organizational support and organizational health) and individual variables (positive psychological capital and creative personality) as possible determinants of job satisfaction. A total of 504 hotel employees from the Algarve region, the main Portuguese tourism destination, participated in this study. Structural equation modeling with latent variables was used to evaluate the proposed model. Results showed that perceived organizational support was the most important predictor of job satisfaction, followed by organizational health. Organizational health also predicted positive psychological capital, which, in turn, was significantly associated with job satisfaction. These results have important practical implications for human resources management in the hospitality industry. Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology [UIDB/04020/2020] info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

The economic crisis had a detrimental impact on the economies of several European countries, namely in Portugal. The literature emphasizes that periods of economic turmoil potentiate the appearance of mental health issues, such as stress, anxiety, and depression, and decrease populations' well-being. The present study, conducted in Portugal, was performed with a sample of 729 individuals, 33.9% males and 66.1% females, with an average age of 36.99 years old. Its' aim was to assess the relationship between economic stress factors (economic hardship, financial threat, and financial well-being) and stress, anxiety, and depression, as well as to test the moderating effect of social support on this relationship. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine the relationships defined. When comparing the results obtained in the models without and with social support as a moderator, statistically significant differences were observed on the relationships between financial threat and depression and between economic hardship and stress, anxiety, and depression. Regarding the association between financial threat and stress and anxiety, the effect of the economic stressor decreased in the presence of social support, but the differences were not statistically significant. The implications of these results are discussed and strategies to foster social support are proposed.

El capital psicológico es un constructo que se incluye en el marco de comportamiento organizacional positivo, que se basa en principios positivos de psicología. Este concepto está compuesto por cuatro dimensiones interrelacionadas: autoeficacia, esperanza, resiliencia y optimismo. El objetivo de este estudio fue reportar las propiedades psicométricas de una de las medidas de capital psicológico, el Cuestionario de Capital Psicológico-12 (PCQ-12), en una muestra de 396 trabajadores mexicanos. La estructura del factor de este instrumento se analizó a través de un análisis factorial confirmatorio. La fiabilidad se evaluó con los coeficientes alfa y compuestos de Cronbach. Además, también se evaluaron la validez convergente y discriminante. Con base en tres modelos concurrentes, se observó que el modelo que tenía un mejor ajuste estaba compuesto por cuatro factores correlacionados. Se discuten las implicaciones de estos resultados y se brindan recomendaciones para futuras investigaciones. Este documento, que presenta una estructura factorial diferente a la habitual del capital psicológico, sugiere que las diferencias culturales pueden jugar un papel crucial en la forma en que se comporta la construcción evaluada.

Depression is one of the main risk factors for suicide. However, little is known about the intricate relationships among depressive symptomatology in unipolar depression, suicide risk, and the characteristics of executive dysfunction in depressed patients. We compared 20 non-psychotic unipolar depressed suicide attempters to 20 matching depressed non-attempters and to 20 healthy controls to further investigate the possible differences in neuropsychological performance. Depressed subjects were controlled for current suicidal ideation, and their neuropsychological profile was assessed using a range of measures of executive functioning, attention, verbal memory, processing speed, and psychomotor speed. Depressed groups were outperformed by healthy controls. Depressed attempters presented more cognitive impairment than depressed non-attempters on a simple Go/No-go response inhibition task and performed better than non-attempters on the Tower of London planning task. Depressed attempters were clearly distinguished by a deficit in response inhibition (Go/No-go commission errors). The normative planning performance (Tower of London extra moves) of the suicide attempters was unexpected, and this unanticipated finding calls for further research. Normative planning may indicate an increased risk of suicidal behavior. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

The literature emphasizes depression and poor sleep quality as problems that affect many elderly individuals. However, these problems have been related in few studies and there is no meta-analysis performed so far on this relationship. The present research reviewed the studies performed on the subjective sleep quality in order to understand how it relates to depression in older adults. The review was conducted in January 2016 and comprised publications between 2005 and 2015. Based on the electronic databases Web of Science and EBSCO, we used the keywords 'sleep quality', 'depression', and 'older' to identify the empirical studies performed. After assessing the collected studies, we selected those that presented the elderly as participants, resulting in nine papers (N = 3069). A random-effects method was used to evaluate the relationship between depression and sleep. We found that an older person's lack of good sleep quality is significantly related with depression. The main limitation of this study was the difficulty in collecting a greater number of studies. Future research should consider the importance of additional variables (e.g. moderators) in order to understand and investigate viable interventions for prevention and health promotion in the elderly.

Between 2011 and 2014 Portugal faced an economic crisis. During a crisis, individuals develop threat perceptions regarding their financial situation. When individuals perceive that their financial situation worsens, negative psychological outcomes emerge. The present study assessed the relationship between financial threat and three negative psychological outcomes (stress, anxiety, and depression), and tested the moderating role of proactive coping and social support, individually and combined, on this relationship. The moderating role of sociodemographic variables (age, gender, marital status, and professional situation) was also considered. A sample of 729 participants, 33.9% males and 66.1% females, was collected online between March–June 2013. Structural equation modeling was used to evaluate the obtained data. Financial threat was positively and significantly associated with stress, anxiety, and depression. Proactive coping moderated the relationship between financial threat and depression. Social support, individually and combined with proactive coping, did not moderate the relationship between financial threat and any of the negative psychological outcomes. Age moderated the relationship between financial threat and stress. The main implications of this study are presented, as well as its limitations and suggestions for future works. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

espanolLa motivacion docente es vital para el sistema educativo. Para que los profesores esten motivados, su satisfaccion laboral y el capital psicologico positivo son cruciales. El estado del arte de la motivacion docente necesita una revision de la literatura sobre los estudios que relacionen la motivacion de los profesores y los constructos mencionados. En este articulo, a traves de bases de datos electronicas, se identificaron los estudios publicados sobre estos temas entre 1990-2014. Se encontro un total de 43 estudios empiricos. Las conclusiones principales fueron las siguientes: (a) 2012 fue el ano con mas publicaciones (n = 7; 16.28%); (b) la metodologia cuantitativa (n = 40; 93.02%) y los cuestionarios auto-cumplimentados (n = 43; 89.59%) fueron la metodologia y tipo de instrumentos predominantes; y (c) la satisfaccion laboral fue el concepto mas estudiado con la motivacion docente (n = 42; 97.67%). Nuestros resultados apuntan a la importancia de la satisfaccion laboral para la motivacion docente y enfatizan la necesidad de realizar mas estudios sobre la relacion entre la motivacion docente y el capital psicologico positivo EnglishTeacher motivation is vital for the educational system. For teachers to be motivated their work satisfaction and positive psychological capital are crucial. The state-of-the-art on teacher motivation requires a literature review regarding the studies that relate teacher motivation and the abovementioned constructs. In this paper, through electronic databases, the published studies between 1990-2014 about these issues were identified. A total of 43 studies were obtained. The main conclusions were the following: (a) 2012 was the year with more publications (n = 7; 16.28%); (b) quantitative methodologies (n = 40; 93.02%) and self-report questionnaires (n = 43; 89.59%) were the dominant methodology and instrument type; and (c) work satisfaction was the most studied concept with teacher motivation (n = 42; 97.67%). Our results underline the importance of work satisfaction on teacher motivation and emphasize the need to realize more studies on the relationship between teacher motivation and positive psychological capital.

Creativity is a highly complex concept, studied through different perspectives and evaluated by numerous instruments. Despite its conceptual and methodological diversity, the Rhodes’ multidimensional theory continues to be one of the main references in the study of creativity. Based on this theory, this study intended to observe the impact of the creative environment on the creative person, process, and product through a sample of 215 college students. Results suggest a significant influence from the creative environment on the creative process and product. Participants from the social sciences and arts performed better on the creative process and product, respectively. No statistically significant interaction effects were found regarding gender and the creative environment. However, age presents a control effect over the relationship between the creative environment and the plastic arts. Practical and educative implications are discussed

Teacher motivation plays a central role in education because ofitsimpacton student motivation. Previous reviews of teacher motivation have focused on individual variables and psychopathology indicators. However, it is also important to understand the effect of organizational variableson teacher motivationbecause these highlightthe contextthat the teacher is a part of(i.e.,the school). The literature review in this paper analysed studies related to teacher motivation and a pre-defined group of organizational variablesthat werepublished between 1990 and 2014 in several electronic databases.The study found that organizational culture was the most studied variable associated with teacher motivationand most studies in this area were published between 2010 and 2014.Further,there was a prevalence of quantitative studies. This paper concludes with the theoreticaland practical implications of the results,as well assuggestions for future research directions. Resumo A motivação docente ocupa um papel central na área da educação, especialmente pelo seu impacto na motivação dos alunos. Revisões anteriores sobre este tema focaram-se, maioritariamente, em variáveis individuais e indicadores de psicopatologia. Todavia, é importante analisar as variáveis organizacionais associadas à motivação docente, uma vez que estas salientam a importância do contexto onde o docente está inserido (i.e., a escola). Desta forma, a presente revisão da literatura procurou efetuar um levantamento dos estudos, publicados entre 1990-2014 e disponíveis em várias bases de dados eletrónicas, que relacionam a motivação docente e um conjunto pré-definido de variáveis organizacionais. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a cultura organizacional foi a variável mais estudada em conjunto com a motivação docente, a maioria dos estudos foi publicado entre 2010-2014 e que existiu um domínio de metodologias quantitativas. São apresentadas as implicações teórico-práticas dos resultados obtidos, bem como se indicam sugestões para futuras investigações. Resumen La motivación docente ocupa un papel central en el área de la educación, sobre todo por su impacto en la motivación de los alumnos. La mayoría de las revisiones anteriores sobre este tema se han centrado en variables individuales e indicadores de psicopatología. Es importante analizar las variables de la organización asociadas a la motivación docente, ya que estas subrayan la importancia del contexto donde está el docente. Esta revisión de la literatura ha procurado recoger los estudios, publicados entre 1990-2014 y disponibles en varias bases de datos, que relacionan la motivación docente y una serie predefinida de variables de la organización. Los resultados muestran que la cultura de la organización ha sido la variable más estudiada, que la mayoría de los estudios se publicó entre 2010-2014 y que los métodos cuantitativos fueron predominantes. Se presentan las implicaciones teórico-prácticas de los hallazgos y se realizan sugerencias para investigaciones futuras.

With the increase of studies on hospitality professionals over the years, it is essential to perform a review on those works. This review was conducted through the databases Web of Knowledge, Web of Science (Social Sciences Index Expanded, Social Sciences Citation Index, Medline), and Science Direct. We searched for articles published between 2000 and 2014, crossing the keywords “hospitality”, “tourism”, and “hotel” with the keywords “professionals”, “employees”, and “workers”. Our aim was to identify the most studied variables on hospitality employees. The search process resulted on 3700 initial references, being selected 242. We verified that work satisfaction was studied in 51 articles and stress, burnout, and mental exhaustion in 31. For that reason, this review aggregates and analyses these results. This study has implications for the understanding of the roll of these variables in hospitality and tourism economic profitability, as well as in human resources management policies and individual well-being. Com o aumento dos estudos realizados com profissionais de hotelaria nos últimos anos, torna-se importante fazer uma revisão desses trabalhos. Esta revisão foi realizada com recurso às bases de dados Web of Knowledge, Web of Science (Social Sciences Index Expanded, Social Sciences Citation Index, Medline) e Science Direct. Pesquisámos artigos publicados entre 2000 e 2014, cruzando as palavras-chave “hospitalidade”, “turismo” e “hotel” com as palavras-chave “profissionais”, “empregados” e “trabalhadores”. Objetivámos, desta forma, identificar as variáveis mais estudadas nos profissionais de hotelaria. Da pesquisa resultaram 3700 referências iniciais, tendo sido selecionadas 242. Verificou-se que a satisfação no trabalho foi analisada em 51 estudos e o stresse, burnout e exaustão emocional em 31, pelo que esta revisão incorpora e analisa estes resultados. Este estudo possui implicações para a análise do papel destas variáveis na rentabilidade económica da hotelaria e do turismo, na gestão de recursos humanos e no bem-estar dos colaboradores.

Executive functions (EFs) are essential in human functioning, and are an important field of study in neuropsychology. One of the most common disorders concerning EFs is the alteration in response inhibition, fundamental to an adequate behavior. This study aimed to show the initial normative data of 35 healthy subjects (22 women and 13 men, with a mean age of 42.60 years old [SD = 14.36]) in a free version of the Go/No-go task. We were able to identify a clear influence of the variable age in reaction time concerning response inhibition and attention.

espanolAntecedentes: el concepto de capital psicologico positivo, derivado del estudio del comportamiento organizacional positivo, hace referencia a un estado psicolog ico caracterizado por autoeficacia, esperanza, resiliencia y optimismo, que puede ser desarrollado y que se relaciona con el rendimiento laboral. Metodo: este estudio analiza la fiabilidad y estructura factorial del cuestionario de Capital Psicologico (PCQ - 12) en una muestra de trabajadores espanoles ( N = 339) de distintos sectores profesionales a traves de la tecnica del analisis factorial confirmatorio (CFA). Resultados: los analisis muestran un modelo de ajuste compuesto por cuatro factores interrelacionados frente a un modelo de segundo orden propuesto por los autores del instrumento. Se discuten los resultados de ajuste factorial y fiabilidad en relacion con varios estudios que difieren con el modelo encontrado, asi como sus limitaciones y contribucion. Conclusiones: se plantea la necesidad de contempla r la influencia y sensibilidad del instrumento a las diferencias culturales tanto geograficas como organizacionales. EnglishBackground: The concept of positive psychological capital draws from the study of positive organizational behavior and refers to a psychological state characterized by self - efficacy, hope, resilience, and optimism that can be developed and related to job performance. Methods: This paper analyzed the reliability and factorial structure of the Psychological Capital Questionnaire - 12 (PCQ - 12) in a sample composed by Spanish workers ( N = 339), from different professional sectors, through a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Results: The analysis assessed a model with four - correlated factors competing with a second - order model proposed by the authors of this instrument. The results of the adjustment and reliability values of the dimensions are discussed in light of various studies which d iffer from our model or support it along with its limitations and contributes. Conclusion: Our results indicate the need to contemplate this instrument’s sensitivity towards cultural differences, both geographical and organizational.

Background/Objective: Sleep insufficiency, which affects more than 45% of the world's population, has a great importance when considering older adults. Thus, this research tested a mediation hypothesis, through a path analysis, which explains how depression relates to the quality of life considering the effect's of sleep quality in older adults. Method: A sample of 187 community-dwelling Portuguese older adults answered questionnaires about sociodemographic status (age, gender, highest level of education completed, family status, sports activities, health, and retirement status), quality of life, sleep quality, and depression. Descriptive and path analysis statistics were performed considering the results of the normality test. Results: The sample has health characteristics and presents adequate sleep duration. Sleep quality acted as a mediator between depression and the quality of life in older adults, considering the variation of gender and health. This suggests that it is important to establish self-care practices, namely sleep quality, to intervene in the ageing process. Conclusions: It is important to consider sleep quality associated with depression for older adults and to test interventions to minimize health impacts. Also, more researches are needed about the primary prevention in steep quality relating to depression. (c) 2017 Asociacion Espanola de Psicologia Conductual. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. Foundation for Science and Technology-Portugal (CIEO-Research Centre for Spatial and Organizational Dynamics, University of Algarve, Portugal); Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) [BEX 1990/15-2] info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

ResumoA motivação dos professores é essencial para o sucesso das políticas educativas. Ao estudar-se a motivação docente é necessário examinar características da escola e do professor. Devido à importância deste tema, torna-se fulcral analisar as investigações efetuadas sobre o mesmo, levando em conta variáveis organizacionais, dado que a escola é uma organização, mas também o capital psicológico positivo e a satisfação no trabalho. Assim, recorreu-se a um estudo bibliométrico utilizando-se a base de dados Web of Science (WoS), onde se definiu o período de pesquisa para os anos 2000–2013 e se consideraram unicamente os trabalhos pertencentes à área da psicologia. No total, 33 documentos cumpriram os critérios de inclusão, verificando-se que: (a) 2012 foi o ano com mais publicações; (b) a satisfação no trabalho foi o construto mais estudado com a motivação docente; (c) a categoria psicologia educacional registou mais documentos; e (d) o inglês foi a língua dominante nestes trabalhos. Os Estados Unidos da América e o Canadá obtiveram os valores mais elevados nos indicadores bibliométricos número de documentos (Ndoc) e número de investigadores (Nres), apresentando Israel uma produtividade (Prod) superior à dos restantes países. Estes resultados são discutidos, bem como as principais implicações dos mesmos.AbstractTeachers’ motivation is essential to the success of educational policies. When studying this concept, it is necessary to examine school and teacher characteristics. Due to the relevance of this theme, it becomes crucial to analyze the body of research conducted about it, taking into account organizational variables —as schools are organizations— but also psychological capital and work satisfaction. Therefore, a bibliometric study was conducted using Web of Science (WoS) database, having defined the search period for the years 2000–2013 and only considering works that belong to the psychology field. 33 documents in total fulfilled the inclusion criteria, where it was verified that: (a) 2012 was the year with most publications; (b) work satisfaction was the concept which was most frequently studied, along with teacher motivation; (c) the educational psychology category had the most documents; and (d) English was the dominant language in these works. The United States of America and Canada obtained the highest values in the following bibliometric indicators: number of documents (Ndoc) and number of researchers (Nres), and Israel had a higher level of productivity (Prod) than the other countries. The results and their implications are discussed.

Este estudio investiga la influencia a corto plazo de una intervención de manejo del estrés en algunas variables indicadoras de estrés (agotamiento emocional, distress en el trabajo y creencias irracionales), en maestros y médicos, utilizando procedimientos estadísticos de metaanálisis. En una perspectiva de investigación-acción, el programa de capacitación para el manejo del estrés se llevó a cabo en varios grupos de médicos y maestros en Portugal y Brasil (n = 144). En todas las muestras en las que se aplicó esta intervención se observó un aumento en el bienestar positivo y una disminución en los indicadores de estrés, aunque no siempre se obtuvieron resultados estadísticamente significativos. El impacto más significativo del programa fue sobre las creencias irracionales, con un tamaño medio del efecto (d+ = 0.61). Estos resultados sugieren los beneficios a corto plazo del programa de intervención en el estrés de los maestros y los médicos.

Alterations in executive functioning are frequent in depressive patients. One clinical characteristic of depression is difficulty and slowness in decision-making. This study aimed to compare the performance of a group of 30 non-psychotic unipolar depressed to 30 healthy controls in a version of the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) from the Psychology Experiment Building Language (PEBL). Significant differences between depressed patients and healthy controls in traditional Net Score measures as well as in various alternative metrics were verified.