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Aims To compare the pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin (AMX) in obese and nonobese subjects, given as single dose 875-mg tablets. Methods A prospective, single-centre, open-label, clinical study was carried out involving 10 nonobese and 20 obese subjects given a dose of an AMX 875-mg tablet. Serial blood samples were collected between 0 and 8 hours after administration of AMX and plasma levels were quantified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The pharmacokinetic parameters (PK) were calculated by noncompartmental analysis and means of the 2 groups were compared using Student t-test. Analysis of correlation between covariates and PK was performed using Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results Ten nonobese subjects (mean age 30.6 ± 7.12 y; body mass index 21.56 ± 1.95 kg/m2 ) and 20 obese subjects (mean age 34.47 ± 7.03 y; body mass index 33.17 ± 2.38 kg/m2 ) participated in the study. Both maximum concentration (Cmax ; 12.12 ± 4.06 vs. 9.66 ± 2.93 mg/L) and area under the curve (AUC)0-inf (34.18 ± 12.94 mg.h/L vs. 26.88 ± 9.24 mg.h/L) were slightly higher in nonobese than in obese subjects, respectively, but differences were not significant. The volume of distribution (V/F) parameter was statistically significantly higher in obese compared to nonobese patients (44.20 ± 17.85 L vs. 27.57 ± 12.96 L). Statistically significant correlations were observed for several weight metrics vs. AUC, Cmax , V/F and clearance, and for creatinine clearance vs. AUC, Cmax and clearance. Conclusion In obese subjects, the main altered PK was V/F as a consequence of greater body weight. This may result in antibiotic treatment failure if standard therapeutic regimens are administered.

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T10:24:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 This cross-sectional study investigated the associations of obesity and body dissatisfaction (BD) with health-related biopsychosocial parameters in adolescents, and the magnitude of these associations. The sample was composed of 239 overweight/obese adolescents aged between 15 and 18 years. Data was analyzed by means of a structural equation model, composed of obesity as the exogenous variable and five endogenous variables: BD, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), physical fitness (PF), readiness for behavior change (RBC), and eating habits. The model adjustment indicators were considered adequate (RMSEA =.03, χ2(df) = 124.6(94), CFI =.96, TLI =.95, GFI =.94). We identified a direct and negative relationship between obesity and BD (r = −.698, p

We compared the heart rate variability (HRV) after a low-intensity resistance exercise (LI-RE) with short (SSC/LI-RE) and long (LSC/LI-RE) set configurations, composed of 10 and 20 repetitions, respectively. Randomly, ten young males performed one session of both RE protocols. Time- and frequency-domain, and nonlinear HRV parameters were assessed at baseline and 20–30 and 50–60 min after protocols. Significant reductions in time-domain, frequency-domain and nonlinear HRV parameters were observed at 20–30 min and 50–60 min after LSC/LI-RE compared to baseline. A low-intensity RE with a long set configuration induces an acute vagal withdrawal and loss of heart rate complexity after exercise.

Objective The aims of this study were to assess the capacity of tri-ponderal mass index (TMI) to screen and predict insulin resistance (IR) in overweight Brazilian adolescents, comparing it with body mass index (BMI) predictive capacity; and to verify the IR predictive capacity of other assessment tools such as waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHR). Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out with 217 overweight adolescents, from both sexes, between 12 and 18 y of age. The participants were classified as having IR according to a previous established cutoff point of ≤3.16. IR was determined by the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. The other assessment tools were measured with standard protocols. Results There was no difference between TMI and BMI to explain the presence of IR. In girls, BMI presented a slightly better predictive capacity to explain IR than TMI. Moreover, WC was reported to be the most effective IR screening methods for girls. Receiver operating characteristic curves showed that TMI and BMI presented similar values of sensibility and specificity for boys. Nevertheless, BMI had a better sensibility and TMI had a better specificity for girls. Interestingly, WC demonstrated a strong sensibility for both sexes. Conclusions TMI did not present a superior predictive accuracy for IR screening in overweight Brazilian adolescents when compared with BMI. TMI and BMI presented similar values of sensitivity and specificity for boys and WC a slightly superior IR predictive capacity for girls.