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Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) hyperintensities corresponding to ischemic areas have been regarded as an ischemic core. However, several studies have demonstrated the reversibility of DWI hyperintense signals in hyperacute stroke patients. We experienced the DWI reversibility of posterior circulation ischemia after revascularization of the proximal extracranial vertebral artery. The perfusion of the posterior circulation might be significantly reduced due to bilateral vertebral art ery occlusion. Considering this case, early improvement of the perfusion of the ischemic area might key role of DWI reversibility.

Cerebral intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is an extremely rare complication of carotid artery stenting (CAS). Fully dilated terminal arteries of a chronic, severely stenosed proximal artery could be ruptured by impaired autoregulation of cerebral blood flow. Hyperperfusion syndrome can occur even if there is no blood pressure fluctuation during the CAS. We report a case of an isolated IVH that occurred hours after CAS.

Visible traits can be criteria for selecting a suitable crop. Three-dimensional (3D)-scanned plant models can be used to extract visible traits; however, collecting scanned data and physically manipulating point-cloud structures of the scanned models are difficult. Recently, deep generative models have shown high performance in learning and creating target data. Deep generative models can improve the versatility of scanned models. The objectives of this study were to generate sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum) leaf models and to extract their traits by using deep generative models. The leaves were scanned, preprocessed and used to train the deep generative models. The variational autoencoder, generative adversarial network (GAN) and latent space GAN were used to generate the desired leaves. The optimal number of latent variables in the model was selected via the Jensen–Shannon divergence (JSD). The generated leaves were evaluated by using the JSD, coverage and minimum matching distance to determine the best model for leaf generation. Among the deep generative models, a modified GAN showed the highest performance. Sweet pepper leaves with various shapes were generated from eight latent variables following a normal distribution, and the morphological traits of the leaves were controlled through linear interpolation and simple arithmetic operations in latent space. Simple arithmetic operations and gradual changes in the latent space modified the leaf traits. Deep generative models can parameterize and generate morphological traits in digitized 3D plant models and add realism and diversity to plant phenotyping studies.

There has long been a need for more advanced forms of pathogen detection in the food industry. Though in its infancy, biosensing based on clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) has the potential to solve many problems that cannot be addressed using conventional methods. In this review, we briefly introduce and classify the various CRISPR/Cas protein effectors that have thus far been used in biosensors. We then assess the current state of CRISPR technology in food-safety contexts; describe how each Cas effector is utilized in foodborne-pathogen detection; and discuss the limitations of the current technology, as well as how it might usefully be applied in other areas of the food industry. We conclude that, if the limitations of existing CRISPR/Cas-based detection methods are overcome, they can be deployed on a wide scale and produce a range of positive food-safety outcomes.

The photosynthetic rates of leaves depend on the vertical position and cultivation conditions. However, few models have been proposed to express photosynthesis according to leaf position, and there was a lack of quantitative analysis between physiological indicators and model parameters. The objectives of this study were to analyze the leaf photosynthetic characteristics of paprika plants according to leaf vertical position using photosynthesis models, and to analyze the relationship between the total nitrogen content and the photosynthetic model parameters. Leaf photosynthetic rates at different vertical positions were measured under varying light intensities and CO2 concentrations in triplicate. Rectangular hyperbola and FvCB (Farquhar, von Caemmerer, and Berry) models were selected, calibrated, and validated as multivariable photosynthesis models. Total nitrogen contents and SPAD values were measured at each leaf position and the coefficients of the photosynthetic rate models were compared. The R2 values for the rectangular hyperbola and FvCB models were 0.86 and 0.91, and the RMSE values were 4.651 and 2.104, respectively. Total nitrogen content linearly increased with increasing vertical leaf position and it was linearly related to the maximum carboxylation capacity and maximum electron transport rate, estimated in the FvCB model. In this study, the FvCB model was considered more suitable for expressing the relationship between total nitrogen contents and plant’s physiological responses according to the vertical position of leaves. The vertical leaf photosynthetic rate models established in this study will contribute to determining optimal environmental conditions for maximizing crop photosynthesis and establish the criteria for precise CO2 enrichment in greenhouses.

Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acid and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) is a multisystem mitochondrial disorder that is rarely observed in adulthood. We report a case of MELAS syndrome diagnosed in a 22-year-old man presented with status epilepticus (SE) without a preceding stroke-like episode. Genetic testing revealed a mutation of heteroplasmic m.3243A>G. MELAS should be suspected in patients with recurrent, uncontrolled SE with unexplained severe lactic acidosis.

The Liouville Brownian motion which was introduced in \cite{GRV} is a natural diffusion process associated with a random metric in two dimensional Liouville quantum gravity. In this paper we construct the Liouville Brownian motion via Dirichlet form theory. By showing that the Liouville measure is smooth in the strict sense, the positive continuous additive functional $(F_t)_{t \ge 0}$ of the Liouville measure in the strict sense w.r.t. the planar Brownian motion $(B_t)_{t \ge 0}$ is obtained. Then the Liouville Brownian motion can be defined as a time changed process of the planar Brownian motion $B_{F_t^{-1}}$., accepted

We investigate symmetric reflected stable-like processes on a compact set $ \overline{E} \subset \mathbf{R}^d$ associated to nonlocal Dirichlet forms with variable order $\alpha{(\,\cdot\,,\cdot\,)...

Мы изучаем отраженные симметричные процессы устойчивого типа (на компактном множестве $\overline{E}\subset\mathbf{R}^d$), ассоциированные с нелокальными формами Дирихле, в случае переменного порядка $\alpha{( \cdot ,\cdot )}$ в ядре интенсивности скачков. Сначала, предполагая выполненными двусторонние оценки непрерывной переходной плотности отраженного процесса устойчивого типа $(X_t)_{t \ge 0}$, мы получаем, аналогично [10], семимартингальное разложение процесса $(X_t)_{t \ge 0}$. Затем, при некоторых дополнительных условиях на $\alpha{( \cdot ,\cdot )}$, мы выводим в явном виде верхние и нижние оценки для непрерывной по Гeльдеру переходной плотности процесса $(X_t)_{t \ge 0}$.

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical effects of BU pharmacopuncture therapy consisting of bear's gall(fel ursi) and ox bezoar(bovis calculus) on acute lumbar sprain. Methods 12 patients diagnosed as acute lumbar sprain in 6 designated local Korean medicine clinics from October 2017 to February 2018 were treated by BU pharmacopuncture. Several acupoints in abdomen and lumbar region were selected by clinicians at their own discretion. The effectiveness of the therapy was evaluated using VAS and ODI. After that we reviewed the medical records of all these patients to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the therapy. Results The VAS and ODI scales were significantly decreased after BU pharmacopuncture therapy. And no major complications and adverse effects were reported. Conclusion BU pharmacopuncture showed rapid pain relief in patients with acute lumbar sprain. It is possible to shorten the treatment period of acute lumbar sprain and prevent progressing to chronic back pain in advance. To establish the effects of BU pharmacopuncture therapy, more succeeding clinical and laboratory studies are needed.

Kazachstania servazzii and Candia sake are involved in kimchi fermentation and form undesirable white colonies on the kimchi surface in the late stage of fermentation. To quantify the presence of these two yeast species, we developed real-time PCR assays based on a TaqMan probe, targeting the internal transcribed spacer region. The K. servazzii- and C. sake-specific real-time PCR amplified the target yeast species only, without any cross reactivity with non-target yeast species. The limit of detection of each assay was 1.2 × 102 and 3.1 × 102 CFU/mL for K. servazzii and C. sake, respectively. The quantitative real-time PCR assays were validated through quantitative analysis of yeast content inoculated into kimchi. In addition, these methods were applied to analyze the change in yeast content during kimchi fermentation. During a 50-day period of fermentation, K. servazzii increased to 1.9 × 106 CFU/g, whereas C. sake was below the detection limit (

The Liouville Brownian motion was introduced in \cite{GRV} as a time changed process $B_{A_t^{-1}}$ of a planar Brownian motion $(B_t)_{t \ge 0}$, where $(A_t)_{t \ge 0}$ is the positive continuous additive functional of $(B_t)_{t \ge 0}$ in the strict sense w.r.t. the Liouville measure. We first consider a distorted Brownian motion $(X_t)_{t\ge0}$ starting from all points in $\R^2$ associated to a Dirichlet form $(\E, D(\E))$ (see \cite{ShTr14}). We show that the positive continuous additive functional $(F_t)_{t \ge 0}$ of $(X_t)_{t \ge 0}$ in the strict sense w.r.t. the Liouville distorted measure can be constructed., Comment: 8 pages

Diffuse fraction, which can be increased by using diffuse films, has been considered to influence light interception and photosynthesis of crops in greenhouses. However, quantifying the influence of diffuse films is challenging owing to the complicated optical interactions between climatic factors inside and outside greenhouses. Thus, versatile methods for evaluating the effect of diffuse films are required. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of diffuse films on the improvement of the light profile and photosynthesis of tomatoes in greenhouses according to film diffuseness and regional solar radiation using ray-tracing simulation. The structural and optical properties of the greenhouse components were applied in a 3D-framework combined with a ray-tracing module. The light transmission patterns of diffuse films and solar radiation properties were incorporated. The reliability of the simulation was confirmed by comparing measured and estimated irradiances inside greenhouses covered with films having different haze factors. For scenarios, the diffuse film efficiency was assessed under typically different solar radiations, a low irradiance, high diffuse radiation fraction (LIHD) and a high irradiance, low diffuse radiation fraction (HILD). The light interception was estimated through the simulation and used to calculate the photosynthesis using the Farquhar-von Caemmerer-Berry model. The simulation was found to be reliable with R2 of 0.95 and 0.94 for the two greenhouses covered with different diffuse films. The light distribution on the tomato plants were less affected by film diffuseness under LIHD than HILD. With increasing film diffuseness, carbon uptake and light use efficiency increased by 5.30% and 4.58% under HILD, but did not change under LIHD. The light distribution and photosynthesis in diffuse film-covered greenhouses under different light environments could be reasonably estimated by the simulation. Thus, this method can be used to evaluate the applicability of diffuse films to various regions with diverse meteorological characteristics.

A new layout of predictable and controllable complementary logic circuits based on hybrid nanodevices comprising p-channel single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) and n-channel zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowire transistors providing a hybrid approach to combine advantageous characteristic functions for the modulation of the current and operating voltage in transistors through proton radiation generated charge, was studied. A suspension of SWNTs obtained through an arc discharge process in 1,2, dichlorobenzene (o-DCB) was prepared by a combination of sonication and centrifugation. 1 mg of SWNTs in 10 mL of o-DCB was sonicated for 5 mm and the SWNT suspension was then centrifuged for 200 mm at 16000 g followed by ultra centrifugation for 2 h at 325 000 g. The current-VTCs of transistors and logic circuits were measured using a semiconductor parameter analyzer. It was possible to achieve high performance logic circuits by selectively controlling the threshold voltages of transistors through the population of proton radiation generated charges in the dielectric layer.

We systematically develop general tools to apply Fukushima's absolute continuity condition. These tools comprise methods to obtain a Hunt process on a locally compact separable metric state space whose transition function has a density w.r.t. the reference measure and methods to estimate drift potentials comfortably. We then apply our results to distorted Brownian motions and construct weak solutions to singular stochastic differential equations, i.e. equations with possibly unbounded and discontinuous drift and reflection terms which may be the sum of countably many local times. The solutions can start from any point of the explicitly specified state space. We consider different kind of weights, like Muckenhoupt $A_2$ weights and weights with moderate growth at singularities as well as different kind of (multiple) boundary conditions. Our approach leads in particular to the construction and explicit identification of countably skew reflected and normally reflected Brownian motions with singular drift in bounded and unbounded multi-dimensional domains, Comment: Revised version (minor changes)