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Adsorption and improved biodegradation of dyes in wastewater was achieved with Fe3O4@MIL-100 core-shell bio-nanocomposites, which were prepared by a step-by-step strategy and attached to the surface of bacteria via zero-length carbodiimide chemistry. The Fe3O4@MIL-100 (Fe) nano-composite showed excellent dye adsorption properties and the overall dye removal process followed second-order kinetics. The dye AO10 was completely eliminated from solution by the combined effects of adsorption and biodegradation within 15 and 25 h from initial dye concentrations of 25 and 50 mg/L, respectively. The time to degrade the dye decreased from 11 h for the free microorganisms to 5 h for the bio-nanocomposite. The procedure was non-toxic, allowed for magnetic separation of the bio-nanocomposite from solution, and showed good cycling performance for the removal of dye. Hence, the strategy of surface-engineering bacteria shows great potential for the treatment of dyes from industrial effluents.

This paper proposes a control scheme for the energy management of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). Consider the urban driving case, the traffic conditions are treated as stochastic processes of the driver demands. Taking the essential characteristics of plug-in HEVs into account, a logical-based optimization approach is applied to realize the equivalent energy cost minimization of the powertrain. The stochastic design approach provides the solution of a finite horizon optimal control problem. The performance of the proposed control scheme is evaluated by means of a full-scaled hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) simulator.

Adsorption and improved biodegradation of dyes in wastewater was achieved with Fe

Dynamic equations describing the attitude motion of flexible spacecraft with scissored pairs of control moment gyroscopes are established. A nonlinear controller is designed to drive the flexible spacecraft to implement three-axis large-angle attitude maneuvers with the vibration suppression. Singularity analysis for three orthogonally mounted scissored pairs of control moment gyros shows that there exists no internal singularity in this configuration. A new pseudo-inverse steering law is designed based on the synchronization of gimbal angles of the twin gyros in each pair. To improve the synchronization performance, an adaptive nonlinear feedback controller is designed for each pairs of control moment gyros by using the stability theory of Lyapunov. Simulation results are provided to show the validity of the controllers and the steering law.

Control approach is presented for vibration suppression of tethered space solar power satellite (SSPS) during slewing maneuver by combining attitude control and active vibration control based on tether tension. The mathematical description for the slewing motion of tethered SSPS is proposed. Mission Function (MF) Control Algorithm is applied in the design of a PD controller, which is able not only to stabilize the satellite attitude but also suppress vibration of the flexible solar panel. An additional active flexible control system, acting on the flexible parts can be desired for the further micro-vibration suppression, is designed by employing the MF control algorithm and the nonlinearity of the flexible tether is taken into account in the controller design. In the design process, the stability of the vibration control system is proved. Simulation results demonstrate the proposed approach can significantly reduce the vibration of the flexible solar panel during and after the maneuver operation.