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We reported the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of bronze-winged jacana (Metopidius indicus, Latham 1790). The circular mitogenome was 17,208 base pairs (bp) in length, containing 13 protein-coding genes, two rRNAs, 22 tRNAs, and a non-coding control region. A DNA spacer 109 bp long was also detected between ND5 and Cytb. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that M. indicus was more closely related with the genera Himantopus, Jacana and Hydrophasianus. This annotated mitogenome reference can be utilized as a data resource for comparative mitogenomics of waders or shorebirds, with possible use in ecological and evolutionary studies.

The Chinese goral (Naemorhedus griseus) is a small goat-like animal, which is considered “vulnerable” due to its rapid decline in population in the wild. Captive breeding programs are necessary to prevent the extinction of Chinese gorals; however, reproduction in captivity reduces genetic diversity due to inbreeding. In 2020, a total of six wild Chinese gorals were introduced into a captive population of 73 individuals to improve the allelic gene pool. An assessment of captive gorals was conducted to trace and understand genetic diversity in the new captive state. Microsatellite genotyping and mitochondrial D -loop sequence analyses were performed to examine the genetic diversity and population structure. The results showed very low haplotype diversity, with a significant difference between He (0.477 ± 0.065) and Ho (0.196 ± 0.056), suggesting a high degree of inbreeding. This resulted in a limited ability to adapt to environmental change and low natural reproductive fitness, thus increasing the risk of population decline and eventual extinction. Management of captive breeding plans based on different subpopulations and haplotypes has been proposed to maximize genetic variability and enhance the success of future conservation plans.

Captive breeding programs are crucial to ensure the survival of endangered species and ultimately to reintroduce individuals into the wild. However, captive-bred populations can also deteriorate due to inbreeding depression and reduction of genetic variability. We genotyped a captive population of 82 individuals of the endangered Hume’s pheasant (Syrmaticus humiae, Hume 1881) at the Doi Tung Wildlife Breeding Center to assess the genetic consequences associated with captive breeding. Analysis of microsatellite loci and mitochondrial D-loop sequences reveal significantly reduced genetic differentiation and a shallow population structure. Despite the low genetic variability, no bottleneck was observed but 12 microsatellite loci were informative in reflecting probable inbreeding. These findings provide a valuable source of knowledge to maximize genetic variability and enhance the success of future conservation plans for captive and wild populations of Hume’s pheasant.