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Dust in the home environment is thought to be a potential trigger for increasing allergic diseases, such as allergic rash, rhinitis, asthma, and other conditions, associated with dust mites. To verify the status of dust mite prevalence in indoor surroundings, we collected 189 dust samples from the air conditioner filters (n = 75) and floors (n = 114) of households, schools, and hotels in the Anhui area, China. All samples were measured for dust mite breeding rate and breeding density under light microscopy and analyzed for dust mite species Dermatophagoides farinae 1 (Der f 1) and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus 1 (Der p 1) allergen using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The dust mite breeding rates were 34.67% (26/75) and 20.18% (23/114), respectively, in the dust samples from the floor and air conditioning filters. The breeding density was the highest in households (10/g), followed by schools (9/g) and hotels (4/g). ELISA indicated that the allergen threshold (2.0 µg/g dust) of Der f 1 was exceeded in only two samples and Der p 1 in one sample. Additionally, a questionnaire was used to investigate the health knowledge on allergic diseases involved in indoor facilities, finding that most allergy sufferers were aware that indoor dust might be responsible for their conditions. The findings suggest that regular maintenance of indoor hygiene and cleaning of air-conditioning filters should reduce the risks of exposure to indoor allergens.

Background Sexual health is an essential part of overall well-being, and medical students’ sexual education, level of sexual knowledge, and attitudes toward sexual health will affect their sexual behavior. Aim To explore the correlation among medical decision tendency, sex education level, and sexual health KAP (knowledge, attitudes, and practices). Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey in March 2019. Data were collected via online surveys with a self-developed questionnaire covering sexual KAP and sexual education. We used Spearman correlation to assess the effect of sexual education on KAP after scoring the related questions. Outcomes Outcomes included descriptive analysis and correlation of medical and nursing students’ KAP and education regarding sexual health. Results Medical and nursing students hold a high level of sexual knowledge (74.8%) and a positive attitude toward premarital sex (87.5%) and homosexuality (94.5%). By conducting the correlation analysis, we observed that medical and nursing students’ tendency to support friends’ homosexuality was positively correlated with the view that medical intervention for transgender or gay/lesbian people is unnecessary (P Clinical Translation Medical and nursing students who want more diverse sexual education and who had higher scores in the sexual knowledge test tend to provide their patients with more humanistic care regarding sexual needs. Strengths and Limitations The research shows the current situation of medical and nursing students’ sexual education experience and preference and sexual knowledge, attitudes, and behavior. Heat maps were used to more intuitively describe the correlation between medical students’ characteristics and their sexual knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors and sex education. The results may not be generalizable across China, as the participants were from 1 medical school. Conclusion It is essential to provide sexual education for medical and nursing students to ensure a more humanistic approach to patient care regarding sexual needs; therefore, we recommend that medical schools invest in sexual education for medical and nursing students throughout their education.

Across international healthcare, organisational culture and work environment have become central to all patient safety. However, there is a lack of comprehensive overview to assess and track the evolution of the literature on organisational culture in healthcare. This study aims to describe the current situation and global trends in organisational culture research in healthcare. The methodology is based on bibliometric mapping using scientific visualisation software (CiteSpace and VOSviewer). The big data were collected from the Web of Science core citation database. After applying the search criteria, we retrieved 1559 publications, which have steadily increased over the last two decades. In addition, 92 countries and regions have published studies on organisational culture in healthcare. The United States has made significant contributions to this field. In particular, organisational culture occupies an important position in the quality management of different types of care and caregiving. At the same time, organisational culture in healthcare may be inadequately researched in terms of theoretical underpinnings, which in turn leads to a lack of widespread dissemination of practice, and research on organisational culture in healthcare through evidence-based medicine may remain a significant focus and hot topic throughout the research field in the coming years.

Background: The hospital's mission, vision, and values are the core of the hospital's culture and the most profound expression of the hospital's culture. Although there have been many comparative studies on the mission, vision and values of organizations in the past, there have been few studies on the mission, vision and values of hospitals in the healthcare field. The purpose is to understand how the world's top hospitals perform the effective role of mission, vision and value. Methods: This paper collects and discusses the approaches of the world's top five hospitals in mission, vision and value through a qualitative analysis method. Documents for the study were collected from the publicly available information of the five hospitals, including their websites, annual reports, and relevant academic literature published in English on Google Scholar, PubMed, Medline, and Web of Science. Results: These five hospitals have similarities and differences in the development of their missions, visions and values, which are worthy of study by other hospitals. The setting of a mission is a useful reflection of the hospital's focus and direction showing the social responsibility and sustainability of the hospital. The development of a vision has a guiding role in the equity and development of patients and employees and can improve the efficiency and effectiveness of hospital management and ensure the quality of services. The elaboration of values can greatly help hospitals to develop strategic plans and improve daily management. Conclusion: Our research found that the top five hospitals in the world, regardless of the nature of the hospital or their management model, have some overlap in their missions, visions and values. In addition, each hospital also has some distinctive description that reflects their special characteristics.

Background: COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has spread worldwide and become a global pandemic. Objectives: Studies of the earliest events of the COVID-19 pandemic are critical in understanding how the pandemic started and providing insight into the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and its infection in humans. Methods: In this report, we studied the epidemiological characteristics of all 34 confirmed COVID-19 cases in Wuhu, China, from January 3 to March 19, 2020. Results: Our study indicated that cases in male patients (61.76%, 21/34) outnumbered those in female patients (38.24%, 13/34). Studies of the age distribution revealed that most COVID-19 patients were 15 to 59 years of age (26/34, 76%), while more than 14% (5/34) were ≥ 60 years old, and less than 9% (3/34) were ≤ 14 years old. Notably, 32 of the 34 confirmed cases were (a) people who had recently resided in or traveled to Wuhan or had close contact with Wuhan residents or visitors (22 cases); and (b) people who had close contact with these 22 confirmed COVID-19 patients (10 cases). Conclusions: This study revealed the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 outbreaks in Wuhu between January and March 2020 and provided insight into the earliest events of the COVID-19 pandemic out of Wuhan in China. Our analyses suggested that the COVID-19 cases confirmed in Wuhu from January to March 2020 were directly related to or originated from the outbreaks in Wuhan.

Background Youzhou dark goat is a rare indigenous goat breed that features its two outstanding characters including the dark skin with the white coat hair and the excellent adaptability to hygrothermal environment. Elucidation of the mechanisms of domestication and selection for these two traits on genome-wide level would greatly benefit medical and agricultural production. In the present study, we first de novo assembled and characterized the reference genome of the Youzhou dark goat on the Illumina HiSeqX platform. Then we identified its variation, selection signatures and the geographical events to reveal the phenotypic evolution and speciation in goat by comparative genomics and whole-genome resequencing methods. In addition, we also investigated the population structure and domestication of goat with different purpose of production in 11 populations of domestic goat. Results We achieved the reference genome in Youzhou dark goat (Contig N50 = 94 kb, size = 2.62Gb) and identified the gene families that contribute to their phenotypic characteristics. Comparative genome analysis illustrated that a single base mutation in MC1R gene (c.676A > G) and structural variation in ASIP gene are most likely the candidate causative genes for the phenotype of epidermal hyperpigmentation in Youzhou dark goat. Strong selection of PIK3R3, GNAS, and GNA11 genes suggests a coevolution of the melanogenesis and the resistance to parasite, which further contributes to the excellent adaptability to the hygrothermal environment for Youzhou dark goat. Population genetic analysis indicated that Youzhou dark goat was a relative ancient goat population and that the domestication of dairy trait occurred ahead of cashmere and meat trait in goat. Conclusions The Youzhou dark goat was a relative ancient goat population and the MC1R-ASIP signaling is most likely the candidate signaling pathway of epidermal pigmentation. Strong selection of PIK3R3, GNAS, and GNA11 genes play key roles in its excellent adaptability to the hygrothermal environment for Youzhou dark goat.

Human demodecid mites including Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis Akbulatova can cause acne, rosacea, epifolliculitis, blepharitis, seborrheic dermatitis, perioral dermatitis, acromastitis and such skin health problems. Artemisia (Composiate) are widely distributed in temperate regions in the northern hemisphere. It has been reported that 17 species of plants in Artemisia used to be mugwort in China. Mugwort volatile oil (MVO) has antibacterial and antiviral effects, can relieve cough and asthma, acts as an expectorant, choleretic and sedative, and promotes circulation and enhances immunity. This research was to observe the effect of MVO on two types of human demodecid mites in vitro. The MVO was obtained via the supercritical CO2 extraction method, and the human demodecid mites were acquired with cellophane tape. MVO had a distinct killing effect on two types of human demodecid mites, Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis. The body of the demodecid mites has a classical temporal process, which consists of excitement, contractions, death and transparency. The killing time was lengthened with decreasing concentration, thus showing an evident dependence on concentration. The experiment showed that 3.125% was the minimum effective concentration of MVO for killing D. brevis, and 6.25% was the minimum effective concentration for killing D. folliculorum; the killing effect of MVO on D. brevis was greater than on D. follilorum. This result suggests that mugwort, which acts as a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, has a noticeable killing effect on human demodecid mites.

Bingjie Shen, Tianjia Guan, Xinyu Du, Chenyang Pei, Jinhong Zhao, Yuanli Liu School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yuanli Liu, School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 46 Xizongbu Hutong, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100005, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13522592907, Fax +86 10 65105830, Email yliu@pumc.edu.cnPurpose: Previous studies suggested perceived social support has impact on medication adherence among hypertensive patients, but did not simultaneously elucidate the different contents or key providers of social support that patients perceived. This study was to identify the contents and providers of perceived social support beneficial for improving medication adherence among hypertensive patients in China, which could prove important for targeted interventions.Patients and Methods: Following a multi-stage stratified sampling framework, a total of 903 hypertensive patients from 12 primary health institutions across a middle-income city were recruited from April to June 2021. Medication adherence was measured using the Chinese version of the Morisky, Green and Levine scale; perceived social support was determined using the name generator method. A binary logistic regression model was performed to identify the association between medication adherence and perceived social support. The contents of support included informational, emotional, and instrumental support (finances and caregiving). The support providers included spouse/partner, children, parents, siblings, other relatives, and friends.Results: A total of 506 (56.04%) patients optimally adhered to their antihypertensive medication. Female, older, urban patients, patients with shorter duration of hypertension and antihypertensive medications used showed better adherence (P< 0.05). Optimal medication adherence was positively associated with the overall score of caregiving support (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.128; 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.013– 1.257]), informational support from the spouse/partner (AOR = 1.574; 95% CI = [1.112– 2.227]), emotional support from the spouse/partner (AOR = 1.430; 95% CI = [1.032– 1.981]), financial support from the spouse/partner (AOR = 1.439; 95% CI = [1.069– 1.937]) and caregiving support from the spouse/partner (AOR = 1.652; 95% CI = [1.130– 2.414]), whereas optimal medication adherence was negatively associated with caregiving support from friends (AOR = 0.499; 95% CI = [0.286– 0.872]).Conclusion: Informational, emotional, financial and caregiving support from spouses/partners have positive impacts on optimal medication adherence of hypertensive patients of community-level. Community-based interventions designed to improve medication adherence of hypertensive patients should target both patients and their spouses/partners; spouses/partners could be encouraged to provide various support to improve the medication adherence of hypertensive patients.Keywords: medication adherence, perceived social support, spouse, hypertension, China

Background: Toxoplasmosis caused by infecting with Toxplasma gondii is a kind of parasitic disease that prevalent all over the world and does great harm to pregnant women and newborns. Effective, rapid and accurate diagnosis T. gondii is urgently needed to prevent and treatment the toxoplasmosis. The purpose of this study was to develop a rapid visual detection assay using recombinase aided amplification (RAA) and lateral flow dipstick (LFD) coupled with CRISPR-Cas13a fluorescence, henceforth RAA-Cas13a-LFD, for detection of T. gondii.Methods: Targeting 529bp gene of T. gondii, the primers and probes for RAA-Cas13a-LFD assay were designed and screened. The reaction time of RAA-LFD-Cas13a assay was optimized, as well as the sensitivity and specificity was further validated. Finally, the diagnostic performance of T. gondii was evaluated using the RAA-Cas13a-LFD assay for clinical blood samples.Results: The RAA-Cas13a-LFD assay was performed in an incubator block at 37℃ within 2h, and the amplicons were visible through LFD for naked eye visualization. The detection limit of the developed RAA-Cas13a-LFD assay was 1×10-6 ng/μL with high specificity for T. gondii. Compared with qPCR assay, there was a consistent positive rate among the clinical blood samples. Conclusion: In this study, A rapid and visual RAA-Cas13a-LFD assay was developed. It requires no sophisticated equipment and shows promise for on-site surveillance of T. gondii.

With the rapid development of the global Internet, online shopping and online shopping has become a fashion. At the same time, network Huina is a new model suitable for the era of big data in the new era. Next, this paper first analyzes the basic concepts of big data and digital marketing, and then analyzes the methods and Strategies of digital marketing mode in the era of big data for reference.

Toxoplasmosis, a parasitic disease resulting from Toxoplasma gondii infection, remains prevalent worldwide, and causes great harm to immunodepressed patients, pregnant women and newborns. Although various molecular approaches to detect T. gondii infection are available, they are either costly or technically complex. This study aimed at developing a rapid visual detection assay using recombinase-aided amplification (RAA) and lateral flow dipstick (LFD) coupled with CRISPR-Cas13a fluorescence (RAA-Cas13a-LFD) to detect T. gondii. The RAA-Cas13a-LFD assay was performed in an incubator block at 37 °C within 2 h, and the amplification results were visualized and determined through LFD by the naked eye. The detection limit was 1 × 10−6 ng/μL by our developed RAA-Cas13a-LFD protocol, 100-fold higher than that by qPCR assay (1 × 10−8 ng/μL). No cross-reaction occurred either with the DNA of human blood or Ascaris lumbricoides, Digramma interrupta, Entamoeba coli, Fasciola gigantica, Plasmodium vivax, Schistosoma japonicum, Taenia solium, and Trichinella spiralis, and the positive rate by RAA-Cas13a-LFD assay was identical to that by qPCR assay (1.50% vs. 1.50%) in detecting T. gondii infection in the unknown blood samples obtained from clinical settings. Our findings demonstrate that this RAA-Cas13a-LFD assay is not only rapid, sensitive, and specific and allows direct visualization by the naked eye, but also eliminates sophisticated and costly equipment. More importantly, this technique can be applied to on-site surveillance of T. gondii.

The Youzhou dark goat is a natural mutant with dark skin over the whole body including the visible mucous membranes. In the present study, we characterized 100-day-old fetal skin at the histomorphological and transcriptomic levels in dark-skinned (Youzhou dark goat) and white-skinned (Yudong white goat) goats with deep RNA sequencing, quantitative PCR, and histological methods. Histological analysis indicated that there were marked differences in both melanin distribution and epidermal ultrastructure between the hyperpigmented and normal skin in two breeds of goat. Subsequent analyses suggested that a presumed structure variation (duplication or insertion) in ASIP might be responsible for its lower expression in the hyperpigmented skin (Youzhou dark goat) by determining the distribution of melanocytes across the body at early development stage. Analyses for genes with differential expression between the dark-skinned and white-skinned goats indicated the network composed of ASIP-MC1R, ECM-receptor interaction, and MAPK signaling might play crucial roles in the determination of skin pigmentation in fetal goats. Moreover, we also identified 1,616 novel transcripts in goat skin by RNA sequencing, which may represent two distinct groups of transcript based on their characteristics. Our findings contribute to the understanding of the characteristics of global gene expression in early-stage skin pigmentation and development and describe an animal model for human diseases associated with pigmentation.

Ortleppascaris sinensis(Nematoda: Ascaridida) is a dominant intestinal nematode of the captive Chinese alligator. However, the epidemiology, molecular ecology and population genetics of this parasite remain largely unexplored. In this study, the complete mitochondrial (mt) genome sequence ofO. sinensiswas first determined using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based primer-walking strategy, and this is also the first sequencing of the complete mitochondrial genome of a member of the genusOrtleppascaris. The circular mitochondrial genome (13,828 bp) ofO. sinensiscontained 12 protein-coding, 22 transfer RNA and 2 ribosomal RNA genes, but lacked the ATP synthetase subunit 8 gene. Finally, phylogenetic analysis of mtDNAs indicated that the genusOrtleppascarisshould be attributed to the family Heterocheilidae. It is necessary to sequence more mtNDAs ofOrtleppascarisnematodes in the future to test and confirm our conclusion. The complete mitochondrial genome sequence ofO. sinensisreported here should contribute to molecular diagnosis, epidemiological investigations and ecological studies ofO. sinensisand other related Ascaridida nematodes.

A novel early and late transition-metal relay catalysis has been developed by combining a gold-catalyzed cycloisomerization and a Yb(OTf)3-catalyzed diastereoselective [3 + 2] cycloaddition with aziridines in a selective C-C bond cleavage mode. Various biologically significant complex nitrogen-containing spiro heterocycles were rapidly constructed from readily available starting materials under mild conditions.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are highly conserved, short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. Although many miRNAs are identified in muscles and muscle cells, their individual roles are still not fully understood. In the present study, we investigated a muscle highly-expressed miRNA, miR-127-3p, in C2C12 myoblasts and tissues of goats with different muscle phenotypes (Boer vs Wushan black goats). Our results demonstrated that i) miR-127-3p was extensively expressed in tissues of goats; ii) miR-127-3p was higher expressed in muscle, spleen, heart, and skin in the muscular goats (Boer goats) than the control (Wushan black goats). Then we further characterized the dynamical expression of miR-127-3p, MyoD, MyoG, Myf5, Mef2c, and Myosin in the proliferating and differentiating C2C12 myoblasts at day of 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 in culture mediums. Especially, we found that miR-127-3p was significantly higher expressed in the proliferating than differentiating cells. Our findings suggest that miR-127-3p probably plays roles in the proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts, which further underlies regulation of muscle phenotype in goats.

A new nematode species, Ortleppascaris sinensis sp. nov. (Ascaridoidea), is described from specimens found in the stomach and intestine of the Chinese alligator Alligator sinensis Fauvel, 1879 (Crocodilian: Alligatoridae) in the National Nature Reserve of Chinese Alligator (Chinese Crocodile Lake) in Anhui Province, China. This is the first description of O. sinensis sp. nov. in both China and this crocodile host, increasing its distribution in South Asia as well as expanding the number of helminths known to infect this crocodile. The detailed description of O. sinensis sp. nov., based on light and scanning electron microscopic examination, provides new taxonomic data for this species, and we also report sequences of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS), small subunit DNA segments (18S) and the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene.

The Youzhou dark goat is a natural mutant with dark skin over the whole body including the visible mucous membranes. In the present study, we characterized 100-day-old fetal skin at the histomorphological and transcriptomic levels in dark-skinned (Youzhou dark goat) and white-skinned (Yudong white goat) goats with deep RNA sequencing, quantitative PCR, and histological methods. Histological analysis indicated that there were marked differences in both melanin distribution and epidermal ultrastructure between the hyperpigmented and normal skin in two breeds of goat. Subsequent analyses suggested that a presumed structure variation (duplication or insertion) in

In many drying processes of a multilayer conveyor dryer, uneven air distribution in the drying chamber often results in inefficient drying and nonuniform moisture content of the products. In order to understand this, the condition of air distribution in the drying chamber of a multilayer conveyor dryer was studied through both experimental and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods. The measurement of air velocity in the drying chamber of a six-layer conveyor dryer was conducted, and a three-dimensional CFD model for the dryer was established. The drying process using the air velocity measurement was numerically simulated, and the results were compared with those from the practical drying and measuring process. Three velocity homogenization schemes of the dryer structure were established, and their velocity distributions were obtained by the 3D CFD model and analyzed by the evaluation scheme for the optimization of velocity distribution in a multilayer conveyor dryer. Copyright © 2007 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Crocodiles are susceptible to infection with a wide array of external and internal gastrointestinal helminths, yet little is known on the histopathology following infection or the effects of these parasites. The present study was aimed at evaluating the impact of infection by Ortleppascaris sinensis (Nematoda: Ascaridoidea) on the stomach of captive Alligator sinensis. The histological examination of the stomach revealed presence of superficial ulcer in mucous layer and granulomatous inflammation in submucous layer at entire gastric walls of the Alligator sinensis. Our findings also confirm that development of Ortleppascaris sinensis is in close association with the wall of the stomach. Los cocodrilos son susceptibles a la infección con una amplia gama de helmintos gastrointestinales externos e internos; sin embargo, poco se sabe sobre la histopatología tras la infección o los efectos de estos parásitos. El presente estudio pretende evaluar el impacto de la infección por Ortleppascaris sinensis (Nematodos: Ascaridoidea) sobre el estómago del Alligator sinensis en cautividad. El examen histológico del estómago reveló la presencia de úlcera superficial en la capa mucosa e inflamación granulomatosa en la capa submucosa del conjunto de las paredes gástricas del Alligator sinensis. Nuestros resultados confirman también que el desarrollo de Ortleppascaris sinensis está estrechamente relacionado con la pared del estómago.

Although intestinal parasites are commonly detected in either wild or farmed crocodiles in other parts of the world, yet few reports have ever been on the captive bred Chinese alligators (Alligator sinensis) since they are only distributed in the southern areas of the Yangtze River. The current work was undertaken to investigate the intestinal parasites and their diversity in the Chinese crocodilian species.In May and October of 2013, we randomly collected a total of 328 fecal samples of the captive Chinese alligators in a breeding centre in south Anhui province.Three genera of protozoa (Entaoeba, Eimeria and Isospora), five genera of nematodes (Ascaris, Dujardinascaris, Capillaria, Toxocara and Strongylus), two genera of trematodes (Echinostoma and Clonorchis) and two families of trematodes (Schistosomatidae and Cryptogonimidae) were identified, in which Dujardinascaris was the most prevalent and led to the highest infection rate (14.33%), and Entaoeba ranked the second (13.11%). The number of species, richness index, diversity index and evenness index were higher in July and August, and those indexes were relatively most in juvenile and subadult alligators.Our findings suggest that the intestinal parasites infection was prevalent in captive Chinese alligators, and this condition requires our attention, whatever it is for controlling or preventing the intestinal parasitic disease from spreading to humans or conservation of this endangered species.Objetivo: Aunque los parásitos intestinales son comúnmente detectados en los cocodrilos salvajes o en criados en cautividad en otras partes del mundo, existen muy pocos informes el caso concreto del caimán chino criado en cautividad (Alligator sinensis), ya que sólo están distribuidos en las zonas del sur del río Yangtze. El presente trabajo fue realizado para investigar los parásitos intestinales y su diversidad en las especies de cocodrilo chino. Métodos: En mayo y octubre de 2013, se recopilaron aleatoriamente un total de 328 muestras fecales de caimanes chinos en cautividad de un centro de cría en el sur de la provincia de Anhui. Resultados: Fueron identificados tres géneros de protozoos (Entaoeba, Eimeria e Isospora), cinco géneros de nematodos (Ascaris, Dujardin Ascaris, Capillaria, Toxocara y Strongylus), dos géneros de trematodos (Echinostoma y Clonorchis) y dos familias de trematodos (Schistosomatidae y Cryptogonimidae), de los cuales la mayor prevalencia correspondió a Dujardin Ascaris y producían la mayor tasa de infección (14,33%); entaoeba se situó en el segundo puesto (13,11%). El número de especies, índice de riqueza, índice de diversidad y de equitatividad fue superior en los meses de julio y agosto, y éstos, relativamente más para caimanes jóvenes y sub-adultos. Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados apuntan la prevalencia de la infección por parásitos intestinales en caimanes chinos en cautividad y ello exige nuestra atención, ya sea para controlar o prevenir la propagación de la enfermedad parasitaria intestinal a los seres humanos, o para la conservación de esta especie en peligro de extinción.

The aim of our study was to investigate the species and breeding density of acaroid mites in stored products in China.We tentatively harvested the samples from the products stored in warehouses, commercial stores and civilian houses, and the products.The results suggested the mites varied a lot in species regarding their ecological habitus and habitat. Still, the breeding density in different samples was associated with the sampling conditions.These discrepancies may be associated with the samples collected in diverse environment for the mites, and the findings easily suggest that acaroid mites are in universal distribution.Objetivo: El objetivo de nuestro estudio fue investigar las especies y la densidad de reproducción de ácaros en productos almacenados en China. Métodos: Provisionalmente, se recogieron muestras de productos almacenados en naves, locales comerciales y viviendas. Resultados: Los resultados sugirieron que los ácaros varíaban mucho en cuanto a especies respecto a sus hábitos y habitats ecológicos. Aún así, la densidad de reproducción en distintas muestras estuvo asociada a las condiciones de muestreo. Conclusiones: Estas discrepancias pueden estar asociadas con las muestras recogidas en diversos ambientes para los ácaros, y los resultados sugieren visiblemente que los ácaros tienen una distribución universal.

Specific immunotherapy (SIT) is currently recognized as the only etiological therapy to ameliorate asthmatic symptom. The current study was aimed at evaluating the immune effect of vaccine MAT3T designed on MHCII pathway, which includes T cell fusion peptide encoding Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus class 1 allergen (Der p1). We initially cloned the nucleotide sequences of TAT, IhC and 3 segments of T cell epitope coding for Der p1, and reassembled these sequences in linear manner to form fusion gene named MAT3T, which was applied to immunize the asthmatic models of mice induced by Der p1 allergen for tentative SIT. ELISA results showed that MAT3T was able to increase the level of IFN-γ in BALF and allergen specific antibody IgG2a in serum, while decrease the level of IL-13 in BALF and allergen specific antibody IgE and IgG1. Pathological confirmation further revealed that the inflammatory reactions and inflammatory cell infiltration were totally reduced in lung tissue of mice after MAT3T treatment. Our results show that the recombinant allergen MAT3T can effectively correct the imbalance of Th1/Th2, and MAT3T may be used as candidate vaccine against asthma on SIT basis.

To investigate the species of zoonotic trematodes and the endemic infection status in the domestic animals in Huainan areas, north Anhui province of China, we intent to provide evidences for prevention of the parasitic zoonoses. The livestock and poultry (definitive hosts) were purchased from the farmers living in the water areas, including South Luohe, Yaohe, Jiaogang and Gaotang Lakes, and dissected the viscera of these collected hosts to obtain the parasitic samples. Then the specimens were microscopically identified, with reference to the descriptions in previous literatures for counting the zoonotic species found in these areas. A total of 41 species were detected in the domestic samples, in which 23 were zoonotic trematodes, and 18 were internal trematodes of animals. These species represented 22 genera in 12 families of 4 orders. Of the 41 species, 38 were novel records in Huainan areas, and 12 were newly detected in Anhui province, including Metorchis anatinus, Echinostoma hortense, E. cinetorchis, E. angustitestis, E. lindoensis, E. nordiana, E. ilocanum, Metagonimus yokogawai, Prosthogonimus gracilis, P. skrjabini, P. anatinus and Trichobilharzia sp. which generally occurred in definitive hosts of chicken, ducks, geese, dogs, cattle, buffaloes, sheep, goats and pigs, respectively. In conclusion, large quantity of livestock and poultry are fed by the local farmers living along the river banks in Huainan area, suggesting that the population in that area are at higher risks of natural focus of zoonotic infections, since these animals are favorable definitive hosts to the zoonotic trematodes.

In the Built-in self-test (BIST), a pseudo-random generator is used to apply test vectors to the circuit under test and a data compactor is used to produce a signature. This paper verifies that a linear hybrid Cellular Automata (CA) as a test pattern generator has a maximum length cycle and better random properties, and such CA as a signature analyzer have the same aliasing properties as linear feedback shift registers.