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The aluminum stress in acidic soil areas of China is an important abiotic stress factor that hampers the normal growth and development of plants and seriously affects the agricultural yield. The forms of plant resistance to aluminum stress are complex and diverse, which include secretion of organic acids, increase of rhizosphere pH, secretion of mucus, cell wall fixation of Al

A molybdenum disulfide based graphite phase carbon nitride (MoS2/g-C3N4) which is supported by a platinum-copper nanoparticle (PtCu) Z-type catalyst was created in this study. The catalyst exploits optoelectronic synergistic effect with large surface area, good catalysis, and biocompatibility to amplify the signal. The electrode impedance of the synthesized MoS2/g-C3N4-PtCu was reduced five times in visible light compared with dark conditions, thereby improving the detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). At a voltage of − 0.4 V, the immunoprobe constructed with this material is used for CEA detection. A linear relationship between 100 fg mL−1 and 80 ng mL−1 concentrations was achieved with a minimum detection limit of 33 fg mL−1 (S/N = 3). The recovery rate was 103–104%, and the relative standard deviation was 2.9–3.8%. This implies that the sandwich immunosensors have good reproducibility, selectivity, and stability and can be used in various applications.

Based on the development trend of “Tourism + Internet” deepening integration, the tourism virtual community has become an important platform to interact for community members. Based on the multi-dimensional user interaction perspective of product information interaction, human-computer interaction and interpersonal interaction, this paper studies the influence of user interaction of tourism virtual community on purchase intention. The empirical results show that: (1) The user interaction of tourism virtual community plays a positive role in the purchase intention, and the influence of interpersonal interaction is the deepest; (2) Product information interaction and interpersonal interaction in user interaction have a significant positive impact on consumer trust, while the impact of interpersonal interaction is not significant; (3) Consumer trust has a significant positive impact on purchase intention. Therefore, the research results are of great significance for guiding the user interaction of tourism virtual communities, and provide the theoretical basis for enhancing consumers’ intention to purchase and network marketing of tourism enterprises.

Reducing the background signal and interference is an effective method for improving the sensitivity of an electrochemical immunosensor, which is greatly important for detecting tumour markers. In this study, a novel hybrid, nanoflower-like immunosensor probe was synthesised using graded copper silicate hollow spheres (CSH). A ‘close and open’ strategy was used in the immunosensor to magnify response signal. When the reaction conditions were 0.1 M PBS (pH = 7), the silicate and molybdate reaction produced a smaller signal, at which point the signal was off. When the reaction conditions were changed to 0.1 M PBS solution (containing 0.2 M HCl), MoS2 dissolved to form molybdate, while CSH-generated silicates reacted to form molybdate silicates to produce strong oxidation currents and the signal was turned on. This was the first enzyme-free electrochemical reading experiment conducted using inorganic silicate ion transduction. It had the following advantages: (1) CSH spheres with a three-dimensional hierarchical structure had a high specific surface area that allowed them to connect with more antibodies, which improved sensitivity; (2) the method was simple, the detection was fast and the background signal and interference were reduced. The immunosensor had a wide linear range from 0.1 pg mL−1 to 80 ng mL−1 and a minimum detection limit of 0.03 pg·mL−1 (S/N = 3) when detecting carcinoembryonic antigen.

In this paper, the results of measurements of nickel coating thickness are presented. Ni coatings were deposited onto zirconium alloy Zr-1Nb and Si wafers by dc magnetron sputtering. The thickness of Ni coatings was measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ball abrasion method and non-destructive X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. The developed technique of determination of coating uniformity by grazing incidence XRD method was shown. The estimation of uniformity of Ni coatings with a thickness from 0.5 to 2 µm was performed. The distribution map of the coating thickness over surface of 20×20 mm was constructed. The deposited coating with higher thickness of 2 µm has 10% deviation of thickness.In this paper, the results of measurements of nickel coating thickness are presented. Ni coatings were deposited onto zirconium alloy Zr-1Nb and Si wafers by dc magnetron sputtering. The thickness of Ni coatings was measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ball abrasion method and non-destructive X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. The developed technique of determination of coating uniformity by grazing incidence XRD method was shown. The estimation of uniformity of Ni coatings with a thickness from 0.5 to 2 µm was performed. The distribution map of the coating thickness over surface of 20×20 mm was constructed. The deposited coating with higher thickness of 2 µm has 10% deviation of thickness.

Chronic organophosphorus pesticides (OP) exposure is associated with an increased risk of depression, and there is an urgent need to find an effective treatment for the depressive-like symptoms caused by OP. The main purpose of this study was to investigate whether combined lithium chloride (LiCl) and astaxanthin (AST) treatment would manifest synergetic antidepressant effects on mice with chronic OP exposure, and to determine the role of the Akt/GSK3β/CREB signaling pathway. Our results showed that chronic omethoate exposure significantly increased immobility time in behavioral tests and induced neuron damage in HE staining. The expression of p-GSK3β, p-CREB, p-PI3K and p-Akt in hippocampus after OP exposure were significantly down-regulated, while the influences were reversed by LiCl and AST treatment. Moreover, the combined application of AST and LiCl had synergistic therapeutic effects compared to LiCl and AST treatment alone, the expression of p-GSK3β, p-CREB, p-PI3K and p-Akt after combined LiCl-AST treatment were significantly higher than that with single drug application. These results showed that the combination of LiCl and AST could efficiently ameliorate depressive-like behavior induced by omethoate, and Akt/GSK3β/CREB signaling pathway might be responsible for the neuroprotective effect.

The performance of a passively Q-switched all-solid-state Nd:YVO4 laser using Cr4+:YAG as saturable absorber is reported. Optimum coupling operation at 1064 nm resulted in 70 ns pulses at 40 kHz repetition rates with average output power of 2.1 W. A quantitative theoretical description agrees well with the experimental results.

The YAG:Nd single crystal boules with free-of-scattering centers, weighing 3000 g and 120 mm in diameter have been grown by the temperature gradient technique. The furnace enlarged on the excellent (phi) 80 mm YAG:Nd crystals to achieve such a large-size crystal.

Titanium-doped Al 2 O 3 (Tl 3+ :Al 2 O 3 ) single crystals weighing 3 Kg and 120 mm in diameter have been grown by the temperature gradient technique. The crystals used had excellent optical homogeneity, less scattering particles, and low dislocation density.