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Background:Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells with self-renewal and multi-directional differentiation potential, and possess the functions of immunomodulation, regulation of cell growth, and repair of damage. Over recent years, MSCs have been found to regulate the secretion of inflammatory factors and to exert regulatory effects on various lymphocytes in inflammatory states, and on the subsequent repair of tissue damage caused by inflammation. In the present study, we analyzed the effects of tissue inflammation on the characteristics ofMSCs. Methods: Human fat derived from the infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) of knees with differing degrees of inflammation were extracted from specimens derived from total knee arthroplasties. HE and immunohistochemical staining was performed to directly observe the evidence and degree of inflammation in human infrapatellar fat pad tissue in order to classify MSCs cells, by their origin, into highly inflamed and lowly inflamed groups, and to study the effect of tissue inflammation on cell acquisition rates via cellular counting data. Flow cytometry assays were performed to investigate the effect of tissue inflammation on MSC surface marker expression. Trilineage differentiation, including osteogenesis, adipogenesis, and chondrogenesis was performed to assess the effect of tissue inflammation on the ability of MSCs to undergo directed differentiation. The effect of tissue inflammation on the ability of MSCs to proliferate was investigated via clone formation studies. RNA-sequencing was performed to evaluate the transcriptomes of MSCs derived from different areas of inflammation. The effect of tissue inflammation on tissue repair capacity and safety of MSCs were investigated via a murine model of acute liver injury. Results: The results of cell count data indicate that a high degree of tissue inflammation significantly decreases the acquisition rate of MSCs, and the proportion of CD34+ and CD146+ cells. The results of our trilineage differentiation assay shows that a higher degree of inflammation decreases osteogenic differentiation, and enhances adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs. Clone formation assays indicates that a higher degree of tissue inflammation at the MSC source increases the proliferative ability of MSCs. The transcriptomes of MSCs remain relatively stable in fat pad tissues derived from both highly and lowly inflamed samples. The results of acute liver injury investigations in mice indicate that MSCs of low inflammatory tissue origin have an enhanced tissue repair capability. Conclusions: High tissue inflammation at the source of MSCs reduces the acquisition rate of MSCs, increases the proliferative capacity of MSCs, inhibits osteogenic differentiation, and enhances adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. A higher degree of tissue inflammation reduces the tissue repair capacity of MSCs; however, MSCs obtained from differing source degrees of inflammation retain stable and similar genetic transcriptomic information, and have good tissue repair capability.

With the successful marriage between nanotechnology and oncology, various high-Z element containing nanoparticles (NPs) are approved as radiosensitizers to overcome radiation resistance for enhanced radiotherapy (RT). Unfortunately, NPs themselves lack specificity to tumors. Due to the inherent tropism nature of malignant cells, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) emerge as cell-mediated delivery vehicles for functional NPs to improve their therapeutic index. Herein, radiosensitive bismuth selenide (Bi

Current conventional treatment strategies for glioblastoma (GBM) have limited efficacy due to the rapid development of resistance to temozolomide (TMZ). It is particularly urgent to develop novel therapeutic strategies that can overcome TMZ resistance and provide patients with better prognoses. Here, a TMZ-resistant GBM cell strain and a mouse model of TMZ resistance are established as valuable tools to explore novel therapeutic strategies against TMZ resistance. Experimentally, p38MAPK inhibitor reduces the accumulation of F4/80

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short noncoding RNAs that modulate gene expression at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Many studies have extensively revealed the significance of miRNAs in mediating liver development and diseases. However, their role in hepatic detoxification processes has been explored only recently. In this review, we summarized the up-to-date knowledge about miRNA dependent regulation of enzymes involved in all three phases of the drugs and xenobiotics detoxification process. We also discussed the role of miRNA in regulating some upstream nuclear receptors involving gene expression of enzymes for detoxification process in liver. The toxicological significance of miRNAs in liver diseases and future research perspectives are finally presented.

As an effective pollution control method, emission allowance and allocation just implemented in volatile organic compounds (VOCs) control strategy of China in 2016. This article presents a possible way to set the emission allowance targets and establishes an allowance allocation model for the object year, 2020 and 2030, using 2010 as the reference year. On the basis of regression and scenario analysis method, the emission allowance targets were designed, which were 17.902Tg and 18.224Tg for 2020 and 2030, with an increasing rate of 28.75% and 31.06% compared to 2010. From the perspective of industries, processes using VOCs-containing products, like machinery and equipment manufacturing, would continue to be the most significant industrial VOCs emission sources in the future of China. Four allocation indicators were selected, which are per capita GDP of each province, per capita industrial VOCs emission of each province, the economic contribution of industrial sector to regional economy of each province, and the emission intensity per land area of each province, respectively. Based on information entropy, the weights of the indicators were calculated and an emission allocation model was established, and the results showed that provinces like Shandong, Jiangsu, Guangdong, Zhejiang and Fujian were calculated to obtain more emission allowance while burden more reduction responsibility. Meanwhile, provinces like Guizhou, Ningxia, Hainan, Qinghai and Xizang were on the contrary. This paper suggests governments to enhance or ease to industrial VOCs reduction burden of each province in order to stimulate its economy or change its way of economy development.

This paper presents a kind of automatic vehicle classification (AVC) instrument for expressway toll collection system based on multiple sensor information fusion technique according to the complicated characteristics of vehicle types in China, In order to develop the instrument, we make use of the video detection segregator, infrared detection technique, piezomagnetic sensor, multiple sensor information fusion technique based on BP neural network. The training result is obtained by 1500 training samples and the training accuracy rate is up to 99.4%. And the simulation accuracy rate on 500 samples is up to 99.2%. The results show that the classification precision is high and the instrument has great value to be popularized.