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Summary Background Ocular changes are traditionally associated with only a few hepatobiliary diseases. These changes are non-specific and have a low detection rate, limiting their potential use as clinically independent diagnostic features. Therefore, we aimed to engineer deep learning models to establish associations between ocular features and major hepatobiliary diseases and to advance automated screening and identification of hepatobiliary diseases from ocular images. Methods We did a multicentre, prospective study to develop models using slit-lamp or retinal fundus images from participants in three hepatobiliary departments and two medical examination centres. Included participants were older than 18 years and had complete clinical information; participants diagnosed with acute hepatobiliary diseases were excluded. We trained seven slit-lamp models and seven fundus models (with or without hepatobiliary disease [screening model] or one specific disease type within six categories [identifying model]) using a development dataset, and we tested the models with an external test dataset. Additionally, we did a visual explanation and occlusion test. Model performances were evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), sensitivity, specificity, and F1* score. Findings Between Dec 16, 2018, and July 31, 2019, we collected data from 1252 participants (from the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, the Department of Infectious Diseases of the Affiliated Huadu Hospital of Southern Medical University, and the Nantian Medical Centre of Aikang Health Care [Guangzhou, China]) for the development dataset; between Aug 14, 2019, and Jan 31, 2020, we collected data from 537 participants (from the Department of Infectious Diseases of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University and the Huanshidong Medical Centre of Aikang Health Care [Guangzhou, China]) for the test dataset. The AUROC for screening for hepatobiliary diseases of the slit-lamp model was 0·74 (95% CI 0·71–0·76), whereas that of the fundus model was 0·68 (0·65–0·71). For the identification of hepatobiliary diseases, the AUROCs were 0·93 (0·91–0·94; slit-lamp) and 0·84 (0·81–0·86; fundus) for liver cancer, 0·90 (0·88–0·91; slit-lamp) and 0·83 (0·81–0·86; fundus) for liver cirrhosis, and ranged 0·58–0·69 (0·55–0·71; slit-lamp) and 0·62–0·70 (0·58–0·73; fundus) for other hepatobiliary diseases, including chronic viral hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cholelithiasis, and hepatic cyst. In addition to the conjunctiva and sclera, our deep learning model revealed that the structures of the iris and fundus also contributed to the classification. Interpretation Our study established qualitative associations between ocular features and major hepatobiliary diseases, providing a non-invasive, convenient, and complementary method for hepatobiliary disease screening and identification, which could be applied as an opportunistic screening tool. Funding Science and Technology Planning Projects of Guangdong Province; National Key RD Guangzhou Key Laboratory Project; National Natural Science Foundation of China.

Hong-Ni Wang,1 Jing-Hui Wang,2 Xin Zhao,1 Xiao-He Wang,1 Meng Zhang,1 Yu Shi,3 Shu-E Zhang,2 Tao Sun,1 Bei Liu4 1Department of Health Management, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Health Management, School of Vanke Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 4School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Tao Sun; Bei Liu, Email hydsuntao@126.com; 18827380717@163.comPurpose: This study aims to 1) investigate inhabitants’ perceptions of doctors’ inconsiderate behaviors during diagnosis and treatment, 2) explore the factors influencing inhabitants’ attitudes toward doctors’ professional reputation, and 3) examine the status of doctors’ inconsiderate behaviors and inhabitants’ attitudes and behaviors toward these doctors in China.Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted with 2050 participants from over 30 Chinese cities, from March to June 2018. In total, 1598 valid questionnaires were obtained (with an effective response rate of 77.95%). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis, and logistic linear regression analysis.Results: We developed a questionnaire comprising of 15 items regarding doctors’ inconsiderate behaviors based on inhabitants’ perspectives (Cronbach’s alpha was 0.944). Additionally, we identified the factors that influence the attitudes of inhabitants regarding doctors’ professional reputation, such as frequency of medical consultations, medical expenses, education catalog, and type of medical insurance. A majority of the participants highly valued Chinese doctors’ professional reputation (87.55%), and trusted them (86.29%). However, about 60.27% of the participants reported a pessimistic-like judgment on the current doctor–patient relationship (DPR) in China. Participants believed that Chinese doctors received a high income (20.47%), maintained a high social status (23.46%), and had a heavy workload (59.95%). Furthermore, about 54.88% of participants reported that they would not engage in aggressive behaviors against doctors during a dispute. Lastly, about 26.66% of participants reported that they would act rationally when they were dissatisfied with their doctors.Conclusion: Impassive emotions and improper actions of doctors toward patients jointly contributed to the disrepute of Chinese doctors. Although DPR was becoming tense, Chinese inhabitants held a positive evaluation of doctors’ professional reputation. While an improvement in the economic situation and reputation of doctors enhanced the DPR, there remains an urgent need to improve the working environment in regard to future Chinese health reforms.Keywords: Chinese doctors, inconsiderate behaviors, inhabitants’ perspective, doctor–patient relationship

Background Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is an accepted radiologic diagnostic modality for initial infertility workup, and is generally considered uncomfortable and painful. However, the management of pain related to HSG remains inefficient. As an emerging nonpharmacologic and noninvasive pain control strategy, virtual reality (VR) distraction has been successfully used in areas such as burns, blunt force trauma, hospital-based needle procedures, dental/periodontal procedures, and urological endoscopy patients. This study aims to evaluate the analgesic effect of VR during HSG. Methods/design A single-center, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial will be carried out in the Radiology Department of Yinchuan Women and Children Healthcare Hospital, Yinchuan. A total of 200 participants who are scheduled for HSG will be enrolled in this study. The participants will be randomized (1:1) into two groups: a VR group and a blank control group. The VR group will receive routine care plus immersive VR intervention and the blank control group will receive routine care. Outcomes will be monitored at baseline, immediately after HSG and 15 min after HSG for each group. The primary outcome is the worst pain score during HSG by a visual analog scale (VAS). The secondary outcomes include: affective pain, cognitive pain, and anxiety during the HSG procedure; worst pain within 15 min after HSG; patient satisfaction and acceptance with pain management; physiological parameters; adverse effects; HSG results; and immersion perception score of the VR system (for the VR condition only). Discussion This study will focus on exploring a simply operated, noninvasive and low-cost analgesia during the HSG procedure. The results of this trial will provide data on the feasibility and safety of VR distraction therapy during HSG. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Register, ChiCTR1900021342. Registered on 16 February 2019.

AIM: To investigate the ocular development of patients who had unilateral congenital cataract (CC) combined with persistent fetal vasculature (PFV). METHODS: This cross-sectional, observational study included patients who had unilateral CC and PFV and those with isolated unilateral CC. Axial length (AL), keratometry, anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness, and vitreous length were obtained. The ocular biometric parameters of the affected eyes of patients with CC and PFV were compared with the fellow eyes and with the affected eyes of patients with isolated CC. RESULTS: A total of 110 patients were included and divided into 4 groups: group 1 (18 patients with CC and PFV, 0.05). CONCLUSION: Compared with the fellow eyes, the ALs of the eyes with unilateral CC and PFV are shorter in patients younger than 24mo and longer in those older than 24mo; the keratometries of the eyes with unilateral CC and PFV are steeper in patients older than 24mo and similar with those younger than 24mo. These findings provide further understanding of ocular development in patients with both CC and PFV.

Simvastatin serves as an effective therapeutic potential in the treatment of dental disease via alternating proliferation of dental pulp stem cells. First, western‐blot and real‐time quantitative PCR were used to detect the effect of simvastatin or LY294002 on the expression levels of AKT, miR‐9 and KLF5, or determine the effect of miR‐9. Simvastatin, KLF5 and AKT significantly enhanced the proliferation of pulp stem cells, whilst this effect induced by simvastatin was suppressed by LY294002, AKT siRNA, KLF5 siRNA and miR‐9, and simvastatin dose‐dependently upregulated the expression of PI3K. Furthermore, simvastatin upregulated PI3K and p‐AKT expression in a concentration‐dependent manner. LY294002 abrogated the upregulation of p‐AKT expression levels induced by simvastatin, and LY294002 induced the miR‐9 expression and simvastatin dose‐dependently inhibited the expression of miR‐9, by contrast, LY294002 reduced the KLF5 expression and simvastatin dose‐dependently promoted the expression of KLF5. And using computational analysis, KLF5 was found to be a candidate target gene of miR‐9, and which was further verified using luciferase assay. Finally, the level of KLF5 in cells was much lower following the transfection with miR‐9 and KLF5 siRNA, and the level of AKT mRNA in cells was significantly inhibited after transfection with AKT siRNA than control. These findings suggested simvastatin could promote the proliferation of pulp stem cells, possibly by suppressing the expression of miR‐9 via activating the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway, and the downregulation of miR‐9 upregulated the expression of its target gene, KLF5, which is directly responsible for the enhanced proliferation of pulp stem cells.

The large scale development of high natural gamma sandstones has been discovered in the Chang 73 Submember of the Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin, China. High natural gamma sandstones consist of terrigenous detrital rocks with particle sizes ranging from silt to sand. They represent turbidite deposits characterized by high gamma ray values that are more than 180 American Petroleum Institute (API) units on a natural gamma ray log profile. For a long time, very high natural gamma sandstones had been identified as high-quality source rocks, such as oil shales, from conventional well log profiles, such as natural gamma ray well logs. Therefore, predicting the distribution of high natural gamma sandstones was studied. The sedimentary, lithological, and well log characteristics, as well as the genesis of the high radioactivity of high natural gamma sandstones were analyzed in the Chang 73 Submember. Thorium (Th), uranium (U) and other radioactive elements were found, carried by deep hydrothermal activity, and probably resulted in the formation of a relatively high radioactive zone in the cross-section, where high natural gamma sandstones usually develop in large quantities. This caused many turbidite sand bodies, which should have a continuous distribution in the cross-section, to appear to have a discontinuous distribution, when using conventional well log profiles, such as natural gamma ray well logs. From the above mentioned apparent discontinuous distribution of turbidite sand bodies in the cross-section, a continuous distribution can be predicted. It is obvious that the prediction of areas of continuous turbidite sand bodies in the cross-section usually corresponds with areas where high natural gamma sandstones are developed in large quantities. Exploration and development practice demonstrated that the developed method is fast and effective in predicting high natural gamma sandstones in the Chang 73 Submember.

AIM: To study the quality of life of adult patients with intermittent exotropia (IXT) in China and analyze the factors affecting the quality of life in IXT patients. METHODS: Totally 109 cases of normal eye (control group), 77 cases of IXT (IXT group) and 115 cases of strabismus control group (except IXT) were collected. The quality of life of the patients was assessed by Chinese version of adult strabismus patient's quality of life scale (CAS-20). The differences of general characteristics, visual function and quality of life were analyzed, and the effects of individual factors and visual function on quality of life of patients with IXT were analyzed. RESULTS: The IXT group had a high proportion of patients with family history, low proportion of patients with amblyopia compared with strabismus control group. The proportion with normal near and far stereopsis of IXT group were lower than that of normal control group. The best corrected visual acuity of IXT group was higher than that of strabismus control group, but lower than the control group. In addition, the median strabismus degree in IXT group was higher than that in other strabismus control group. The median psychosocial scores and median visual function scores of the IXT group was lower than that of the normal control group, but not different from strabismus control group. Occupation status, course of disease, far stereopsis and near stereopsis significantly affected the quality of life in IXT patients. CONCLUSION: Adult IXT patients in China have a certain proportion of family history and lower quality of life, The main factors affecting the quality of life of IXT patients is stereopsis, course of disease and occupation status.

To investigate the mechanism of Coptidis Rhizoma-Pinelliae Rhizoma in the treatment of gastric cancer based on syste-matic pharmacology and data mining. The chemical constituents of Coptidis Rhizoma and Pinelliae Rhizoma were obtained from Traditio-nal Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database(TCMSP) and Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry database of Chinese Academy of Sciences by data mining. Then the active ingredients were screened by ADME, and the targets of the active ingredients were predicted by chemometrics. Molecular docking and free energy analysis were used to verify and screen the targets, so as to obtain the therapeutic targets of Coptidis Rhizoma and Pinelliae Rhizoma for gastric cancer. The biological functions, diseases and related signal pathways corresponding to the targets were further analyzed, and then the multi-component, multi-target and multi-channel mechanism of Coptidis Rhizoma and Pinelliae Rhizoma for gastric cancer were elaborated. Finally, MTT, Scratch, Transwell and Western blot experiments were carried out to verify the inhibitory effect of Coptidis Rhizoma and Pinelliae Rhizoma on human gastric cancer cell line MKN-45. A total of 46 active ingredients of Coptidis Rhizoma and Pinelliae Rhizoma were screened, as well as 77 corresponding targets, 38 targets related to gastric cancer and its complications, top 8 related signaling pathways, and top 20 target molecular functions by GO analysis. Cell experiments also proved that Coptidis Rhizoma and Pinelliae Rhizoma could effectively inhibit the proliferation, invasion and migration ability of gastric cancer cells and inhibit TGF-β1-induced Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activation. Coptidis Rhizoma and Pinelliae Rhizoma drug pair has many active ingredients, which can regulate nervous and mental system, cell cycle, cell differentiation and metastasis, and enhance anti-inflammatory and immune functions, playing a synergistic anti-cancer role in gastric cancer and its complications and providing new ideas for the follow-up clinical treatment of gastric cancer.

This study is aimed to investigate the protective effect against type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) of Berberine (BBR), and the underlying mechanism of action is explored. We established a rat model of combined AD and T2DM and used it to investigate the effect of BBR (150 mg/kg) on the course of these pathologies. The Morris water maze, biochemical analysis, hematoxylin–eosin staining, immunohistochemical study, immunofluorescent staining, TUNEL assay, RT-qPCR and western blot were used to reveal the effect of BBR on blood glucose, lipid changes, hippocampal injuries and cognitive impairment. The results showed that BBR could alleviate memory deficits, restore the disordered arrangement of nerve cells, the damage of neurons, improve TUNEL-positive cells and decrease the elevated levels of fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol and glycosylated serum protein levels in Alzheimer diabetic rats. Moreover, BBR treatment reduces the transcription of mRNAs and expression of proteins related to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. These findings conclude that BBR can protect neurons by inhibiting the pathway of ER stress and thereby play an essential role in the preventive and therapeutic of AD and T2DM.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a common complication of diabetes mellitus, is the main cause of end-stage nephropathy, and thus developing novel strategies for reversing DN remains urgent. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), a glycoside extracted from the Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge, is a widely used Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in China and presents diverse pharmacological properties including the protective effect on DN. However, the rudimentary mechanism of AS-IV in remedying DN remains indeterminate. Currently, we systematically explore the pharmacological mechanism of action of AS-IV for treating DN. Firstly, AS-IV was evaluated by ADME assessment, and 26 targets were screened out through target prediction. Then, we decipher the protein-protein interaction (PPI), Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, disease and pathway network analysis to obtain the specific molecular biological process and pharmacological activity of AS-IV in the treatment of DN. Meanwhile, both in vivo and in vitro experiments confirmed that AS-IV has anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory, anti-epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) effects, and can inhibit the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, ultimately ameliorating the renal injury caused by high glucose. Additionally, we also applied molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation to predict the specific binding sites and binding capacity of AS-IV and related targets. Overall, the comprehensive system pharmacology method and experiment validations provide an accurate explanation for the molecular mechanism of AS-IV in the treatment of DN. Moreover, it is expected to provide a brand new strategy for exploring the effective components of TCM.

Purpose: To investigate the clinical characteristics and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of the extraocular muscle and ocular motor nerves in congenital monocular strabismus fixus. Methods: The retrospective observational case series of three patients with congenital monocular strabismus fixus were reviewed between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2016. Ophthalmologic examination and thin-sectioned MRI of the ocular motor nerve and the orbit were performed on the three patients. Results: Three patients presented with unilateral non-progressive strabismus fixus with marked limitations of movement in all directions since birth. Of the three patients, one presented with esotropia, one with a large degree of exotropia and hypertropia, and one with an almost normal primary position. All three patients had normal ocular motor nerves, but adherences among the extraocular muscles, posterior Tenon's capsule, and the globe within the muscle cone on MRI. Two patients underwent strabismus surgery, but there were no postoperative improvements in the primary position and eye movements. Conclusions: Extensive adherences among the extraocular muscles, posterior Tenon's capsule, and globe may partially explain the cause of congenital monocular strabismus fixus and why strabismus surgery was ineffective. The findings further highlight the importance of MRI in detecting and characterizing atypical forms of strabismus. [ J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus . 2018;55(6):363–368.]

The paper presents a data acquisition system, which uses a high resolution AD and low noise operational amplifier with ADXRS649 gyroscope.The design has realized the reliable read the gyroscope data, and motion detection system using interrupt function, reducing system power consumption, has very high practical value.

The paper presents a new s-curve trajectories control method of stepper motor with the analysis of some controlling graph. The authors construct a s-curve trajectories using two parabolic, get some speed points through discrete s-curve, then gradually update these points in motor control program. It makes the soft controlling of Stepper motor’s automatic rising and falling speed come true.

A method for the simultaneous determination of sixteen mycotoxins in cogon rootstalk was developed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadropole mass spectrometry(UPLC-QqQ-MS/MS). The samples were extracted with acetonitrile contained 1% acetic acid and purified by QuEChERS method. The separation was performed on an Agilent Eclipse Plus C₁₈column by gradient elution using methanol and 0.01% aqueous formic acid as mobile phase. The targeted compounds were detected in MRM mode by mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization(ESI)source operated in positive ionization mode. The linear relationships of the sixteen mycotoxins were good in their respective linear ranges. The correlation coefficients(r)ranged among 0.996 2-1.000. The LOQs of the sixteen mycotoxins were between 0.03 and 186.68 μg•kg ⁻¹. The average recoveries ranged from 60.28% to 129.2% with relative standard deviations(RSDs)within 0.29%-11%. The results demonstrated that the proposed method was sensitive and accurate, and suitable for the mycotoxins quantification in cogon rootstalk.

With the rapid development of mechanical manufacturing technology and numerous demands of different technique products and the applied industry, commercial products trend miniature and precision. In order to satisfy the demands of miniature and precision components, the precision forming technology which takes advantages of high mass production, low costs and stable quality is proposed. This paper develops the precision flange forming die for sheet metal. In the paper, the SUS304 stainless steel was adopted to enhance the structural rigidity. The hollow flange sheet is manufactured by precision forming processes. The forming height, the sheet thickness and the other geometry parameters are considered and the technologies of hole-flanging forming, pressing and forging are applied in this study. The CAE (Computer-Aid Engineering) simulation tool is adopted as a reference to analyze the feasibility of the proposed forming processes. Both simulated and manufactured results show that the proposed precision forming technique can be a reliable process for the production of precision hollow flange sheet.

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common cause of cancer-related mortality. Adenocarcinoma (AC) is the predominant histological type of NSCLC; however, AC consists of several subtypes. It has not yet been determined whether there is a correlation of CRKL and AXL expression with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene status in lung AC. We assayed exons 18 through 21 of the EGFR gene by direct sequencing; ALK rearrangement and the expression of CRKL and AXL were detected by immunostaining. A total of 212 cases of AC were included in this study, diagnosed using the novel classification system established by the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, the American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society in 2011, including 69 acinar ACs, 17 lepidic predominant ACs (LPAs), 63 papillary, 14 mucinous, 17 micropapillary and 32 solid ACs. Of the 212 cases, 101 harbored EGFR mutations. The most common subtypes carrying delK745-S753 were papillary and acinar ACs. ALK rearrangement was found in 23 cases (11%) of lung ACs. Acinar and solid ACs were the most frequent subtypes with ALK aberrance, particularly in acinar ACs with cribriform structure (4/5 cases, 80%). The expression of CRKL was significantly different among the AC subtypes (P=0.01), with the highest and lowest expression levels of CRKL protein in papillary ACs and LPAs, respectively (P

In this paper, a novel sparse component multi-resolution independent component analysis is presented. This method separates mixed images based on quadratic function of sparse component coefficient. The quadratic function can be interpreted as the time-frequency function or time-scale function. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated by using noisy mixed images data. Experimental results show that the method is feasible.

In this paper, a novel signal blind separation using adaptive multi-resolution independent component analysis based on sparse component is presented. This method separates mixed signal based on quadratic function and sparse representation. The quadratic function can be interpreted as the time-frequency function or time-scale function, or other. The sparse expression is the original signal through the dictionary to get their coefficients. Most of the coefficients is very small, close to zero, can greatly save separate computing time. At the same time this method can filter out the noise. The argorithm extends the separate technology from time-frequency domain to sparse mutil-resolution domain. The experimental result showed the method can be effective separation of mixed signals. And it shows that the method is feasible.

Six flavonol glycosides were isolated and calibrated from Ginkgo biloba extract, and then used to calibrate the content in 2 baiches of G. biloba reference extract, so was rutin. RSD values of rutin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside-2-glu- coside, quercetin-3-O-rhamnop-yranosyl-2-O-(6-O-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-rhamnopyranosyl-2-O-(6-O-p-coum-aroyl) - glucoside were around 1.1%-4.6%, nevertheless, RSD values of quercetin-3-O-glucoside and isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside were more than 5%. According to the results, the reference extract of G. biloba can be used as the substitute to determine rutin, kaempferol-3-O- rutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside-2-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-rhamnopyranosyl-2-O-(6-O-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside and kaempferol-3-0-rhamnopyranosyl-2-O-(6-O-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside instead of corresponding reference substances. So reference extract in place of single component reference in assay is feasible.

In this paper, a novel image blind separation using adaptive multi-resolution independent component analysis is presented.This method separates mixed images based on quadratic function. The quadratic function can be interpreted as the time-frequency function or time-scale function, or other. According to the signal characteristics, we can choose the frequency resolution or scale resolution. The argorithm extends the separate technology from one dimensional domain to two dimensional domain,and it’s implement by adaptive procedure. The experimental result showed the method can be effective separation of mixed images. And it shows that the method is feasible.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to explore the protective effects of CG on rat cerebral injury after focal cerebral I ⁄ R. Methods: Male Sprague–Dawley rats were subjected to right middle cerebral artery occlusion for 60 minutes followed by reperfusion for 60 minutes or 24 hours. CG (0.4 or 0.8 g ⁄ kg) was administrated 90 minutes before ischemia. Brian edema was evaluated by Evan’s blue dye extravasations and brain water content, leukocyte adhesion, and albumin leakage were determined with an upright fluorescence microscope, and neuron damage was assessed by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling, and immunohistochemistry of caspase-3, p53, p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis. Results: Focal cerebral I ⁄ R elicited a prominent brain edema, an increase in leukocyte adhesion, and albumin leakage, as well as neuron damage. All the insults after focal cerebral I ⁄ R were significantly attenuated by pretreatment with CG. Conclusions: Pretreatment with CG significantly reduced focal cerebral I ⁄ R-induced brain edema, cerebral microcirculatory disturbance, and neuron damage, suggesting the potential of CG as a prophylactic strategy for patients in danger of stroke.

Path planning is the kernel problem of the robot technology area. In this paper, the grid method is used to make environmental modeling, Since the Genetic Algorithm (GA) has its immanent limitations and the Simulated Annealing (SA) Algorithm has the advantages in some aspects, combined these two algorithms together just achieve the perfection. In view of this, a hybrid of GA and SA (GA-SA Hybrid) is proposed in this paper to solve path planning problem for mobile robot. The algorithm making the crossover and mutation probability adjusted adaptively and nonlinearly with the completion time, can avoid such disadvantages as premature convergence. The new algorithm has better capability of searching globally and locally. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is valid and effective.

In this paper, the integrated emissivity of isothermal cylindrical cavity is calculated based on ANSYS finite element method at different wall material emissivity and Cavity length, and are compared with the calculation results of the Monte Carlo method, the average absolute deviation is 0.00045. Meanwhile, this paper presents meshing rules of the cavity bottom surface and the cavity mouth surface, it proposes that the cavity mouth surface is regarded as the equivalent radiant surface, and calculates the integrated emissivity of different positions on the equivalent radiant surface, analyzes the influence of the wall material emissivity, cavity length, the position of radius direction.

In this paper, a novel blind separation approach using wavelet and cross-wavelet is presented. This method extends the separate technology from time-frequency domain to time-scale domain. The simulation showed that this method is suitable for dealing with non-stationary signal.

The inflatable cover was used in the low-temperature blackbody radiation source; the function of the external gas separation had great influences on blackbody radiation source performances. This paper presents a new way for performing numerical simulation for the three-dimensional inner flow field analysis of new inflatable cover and blackbody radiation source cavity by using the FLUENT software of CFD. By comparison, the simulation results and the acetone tracer particle experiments revealed the reason of the outside air into the cavity caused frost and dew, so we proposed a number of methods to reduce air convection inside and outside of the cavity for the using inflatable cover, and it gave theoretical basis guidance for the next optimal design of the new inflatable cover.

Objective: To analyze National Chinese Medicine Master Liu Shangyi’s prescription characteristics of clinical medicine for the treatment of cancer patients with stomachache. Methods: Data on prescriptions for cancer patients with stomachache between January 2014 and July 2016 were collected. The composing principles were analyzed by unsupervised data mining methods including Apriori algorithm in association rules and complex system entropy cluster. Results: Based on the analysis of 120 prescriptions, the frequency of each herb and association rules among the herbs were computed. Four core combinations and two new prescriptions were mined from the database. Compared to the before treatment, the clinical symptomatic grading of stomachache after treatment was lower (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Professor Liu has been successful in the treatment of cancer patients with stomachache by prescribing medication that aids in activating blood circulation, removing dampness, and alleviating pain.

Slim pump for cooling devices play an important role for cooling the electronics apparatus. This paper develops an axial-flux internal rotor type motor for the low-profile vortex pump. The integrated motor-pump structure is composed of an internal permanent magnet (PM) disc rotor and double-sided external coreless stators with windings piled up on the printed circuit board (PCB). The impeller is disposed on the periphery of the magnet and a fluid dynamic bearing (FDB) is set in the centre of the magnet to rotate relative to the centre shaft. A prototype of the axial-flux motor pump and drive circuit has been made and tested. Both simulated and experimental results show that the proposed motor would be an acceptable solution for the slim notebook (NB) applications.

Silica encapsulated phosphors SrAl2O4:Eu2+, Dy3+ have been synthesized by non-homogeneous phase coring method, in which glycerol was firstly used as dispersion medium and hyper-dispersant was introduced as additive. IR, BET and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated that a dense layer of silica was formed on the surface of phosphor SrAl2O4:Eu2+, Dy3+. The results showed that the encapsulated phosphors possess good properties in water-resistance, heat-resistance and dispersibility when encapsulation amount reached 8 wt. %. Moreover, the photoluminescence intensity of phosphors SrAl2O4:Eu2+, Dy3+ was improved apparently after surface modification. All results revealed that silica encapsulation would effectively improve alkaline earth aluminates phosphors’ properties and using glycerol as the dispersion medium is helpful to silica encapsulation.

In this paper, magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) nanoparticles with tunable morphologies have been selectively synthesized via a facile template-free solvothermal route. The as-synthesized samples were characterized by instrumental analyses such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). It was found that the morphology and size of the final products strongly depended on the reaction temperature and duration time. By manipulating the temperature and time in the solvothermal treatment, fiber-like, sphere-like and garland-like magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles were obtained. The described method without any catalysts or templates for preparing magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles is promising for industrial production in competition with other approaches.

This paper presents a detection scheme for analyzing the temperature distribution nearby the channel wall in a microfluidic chip utilizing a temperature-dependent fluorescence dye. An advanced optical microscope system—total internal reflection fluorescence microscope (TIRFM) is used for measuring the temperature distribution on the channel wall at the point of electroosmotic flow in an electrokinetically driven microfluidic chip. In order to meet the short working distance of the objective type TIRFM scheme, microscope cover glass slits are used to fabricate the microfluidic chips. The short fluorescence excitation depth from a TIRFM system makes the intensity information obtained using TIRFM is not sensitive to the channel depth variation which ususally biases the measured results while using a conventional Epi-fluorescence microscope (EPI-FM). Therefore, a TIRFM can precisely describe the temperature profile of the distance within 100 nm of the channel wall where consists of the Stern layer and the diffusion layer for an electrokinetic microfluidic system. Results indicate the proposed TIRFM provides higher measurement sensitivity over the EPI-FM. Significant temperature gradient along the channel depth is experimentally observed. In addition, the measured wall temperature distributions can be the boundary conditions for numerical investigation into the joule heating effect. The proposed method gives a precise temperature profile of microfluidic channels and shows the substantial impact on developing a numerical simulation model for precisely predicting the joule heating effect in microfluidic chips.

This paper proposes a simple method for enhancing the separation efficiency of DNA biosamples in a capillary electrophoresis (CE) microchip by using high-voltage pulsed DC electric fields. A high-voltage amplifier is used to establish electric fields of up to 1 kHz to carry out CE separation; electrophoresis and electroosmotic effects are then pulsely induced. The experimental and numerical investigations commence by separating a mixed sample comprising two fluoresceins with virtually identical physical properties, namely Rhodamine B and Rhodamine 6G. It is found that the level of separation is approximately 2.1 times higher than that achieved using a conventional DC electric field of the same intensity. The performance of the proposed method is further evaluated by separating a DNA sample of HaeIII digested ΦX-174 ladder. The experimental results indicate that the separation level of the neighboring peaks 5a and 5b in the DNA marker is approximately 1.2, which is significantly higher than the value of 0.8 obtained using a CE scheme with a conventional DC electric field. The improved separation performance of the proposed pulsed DC electric field approach is attributed to a lower Joule heating effect as a result of a lower average power input and the opportunity for heat dissipation during the zero-voltage stage of the pulse cycle. Overall, the results demonstrate that the method proposed in this study provides a simple, low-cost technique for achieving a high separation performance in CE microchips.

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common cause of cancer-related mortality. Adenocarcinoma (AC) is the predominant histological type of NSCLC; however, AC consists of several subtypes. It has not yet been determined whether there is a correlation of CRKL and AXL expression with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene status in lung AC. We assayed exons 18 through 21 of the EGFR gene by direct sequencing; ALK rearrangement and the expression of CRKL and AXL were detected by immunostaining. A total of 212 cases of AC were included in this study, diagnosed using the novel classification system established by the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, the American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society in 2011, including 69 acinar ACs, 17 lepidic predominant ACs (LPAs), 63 papillary, 14 mucinous, 17 micropapillary and 32 solid ACs. Of the 212 cases, 101 harbored EGFR mutations. The most common subtypes carrying delK745-S753 were papillary and acinar ACs. ALK rearrangement was found in 23 cases (11%) of lung ACs. Acinar and solid ACs were the most frequent subtypes with ALK aberrance, particularly in acinar ACs with cribriform structure (4/5 cases, 80%). The expression of CRKL was significantly different among the AC subtypes (P=0.01), with the highest and lowest expression levels of CRKL protein in papillary ACs and LPAs, respectively (P

To study the effect of neonatal immunization with different dosage allergen on the immunity of mice when grown.Fifty neonatal BALB/c mice were divided into 4 groups randomly and subcutaneous injected with different dosage of ovalbumin (OVA) on day 1, 8 and 15 after born [NS group(10): injected with saline alone; NS + AL group (10): injected with saline and AL(OH)3; small dosage (SD) group (15): injected with 10 microg OVA and AL(OH)3; large dosage (LD) group (15): injected with 1000 microg OVA and AL(OH)3]. The mice were then challenged using caudal vein injection on 5 weeks old (NS group and NS + AL group were challenged with saline, SD group and LD group were challenged with 100 microg OVA). The blood was collected 1 week later to examine OVA specific IgE, IgG1 and IgG2a. Mononuclear cells were drawn from the spleen and cultured. Concentration of IL-4, IFN-r, IL-10 was examined in the cultural supernatant. Flow cytometry was used to test the expression of CD4+ IL-4+, CD4+ IFN-gamma+, CD4 IL-10 cells.It was found that concentration of OVA specific IgE (OVA-sIgE) in SD group (0.33 +/- 0.18) was significantly higher than that of NS (0.07 +/- 0.01) and NS + AL (0.09 +/- 0.04) group (t value was -3.46 and -3.21, all P0.01), and LD group (0.17 +/- 0.10) as well (t = 2.58, P0.05). The concentration of OVA-sIgE was higher in LD group than that of NS group (t = -2.53, P0.05), but similar with that of NS + AL group (t = -2.04, P0.05). Both the concentration of OVA-sIgG1 and sIgG2a was higher in SD and LD group than that of NS and NS + AL group (all P0.05). The concentration of IL-4, IFN-gamma and IL-10 in the cultural supernatant of spleen mononuclear was all higher in SD group than that of NS and NS + AL group (all P0.01). The ratio of IFN-gamma/IL-4 was significantly lower in SD group than that of NS and NS + AL group (t value was 2.14, 3.44, all P0.05), while the same ratio was higher in LD group than that of NS and NS + AL group (t value was -2.14, -1.61, all P0.05). Ratio of CD4+ IL-4+ cells was significant lower in LD group than that of SD group (P0.05), while it was not different with that of NS and NS + AL group (P0. 05).Neonatal immunization with low dosage OVA could generate a specific immunity with Th2 direction, while with large dosage OVA could generate a specific immunity with Th1 direction.