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Background: Exercise is widely used for obesity management, but the optimal doses of exercise for improving body mass index (BMI) in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the dose‒response effects of various exercises on BMI in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in Web of Science (Core Collection), PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials on relevant studies, covering literature up to July 2024. Three independent reviewers assessed bias via the Cochrane risk of bias tool. The quality of evidence was assessed using Confidence in Network Meta-Analysis framework. A dose‒response network meta-analysis was used to evaluate the impact of various exercise interventions and explore dose‒response relationships. All outcomes were analyzed with the mean difference (MD) and 95% credible intervals (CrIs) calculated for combined statistics. Results: The study included 39 publications with 1,814 participants, 47.3% female and a median age of 14 years. The intervention involved six exercise modalities. High-intensity interval training demonstrated a significant reduction in BMI (MD = -1.33, 95% CrIs - 2.01 to -0.66), followed by combined exercise (MD = -1.25, 95% CrIs − 1.93 to -0.61), moderate-intensity continuous training (MD = -1.09, 95% CrIs - 1.73 to -0.45), and mixed aerobic exercise (MD = -1.05, 95% CrIs - 1.67 to -0.42). There was an 'L'-shaped nonlinear dose-response relationship between total exercise dose and BMI, with 200 METs-min/day identified as the minimum exercise dose required to achieve a clinically meaningful reduction in BMI. Conclusion: Low-quality evidence indicates that HIIT, CE, MAE, and MICT improve BMI in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity, with clarified exercise doses for clinical benefit. These findings are relevant for exercise prescription and public health policy. Trial registration: CRD42024566450. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The saline aquifer CCS is a crucial site for carbon storage. Safety monitoring is a key technology for saline aquifer CCS. Current CO2 leakage detection methods include microseismic, electromagnetic, and well-logging techniques. However, these methods face challenges, such as difficulties in determining CO2 migration fronts and predicting potential leakage events; as a result, the formulation of test timing and methods for these safety monitoring techniques are somewhat arbitrary. This study establishes a gas–water two-phase seepage model and solves it using a semi-analytical method to obtain the injection pressure and the derivative curve characteristics of the injection well. The pressure derivative curve can reflect the physical properties of the reservoir through which CO2 flows underground, and it can also be used to determine whether CO2 leakage has occurred, as well as the timing and amount of leakage, based on boundary responses. This study conducted sensitivity analyses on eight parameters to determine the impact of each parameter on the bottom-hole pressure and its derivatives, thereby obtaining the influence of its parameters on different flow stages. The research indicates that, when a steady-state flow characteristic appears at the outer boundary, CO2 leakage will occur. Additionally, the leakage location can be determined by calculating the distance from the injection well. This can guide the placement and measurement of safety monitoring methods for saline aquifer CCS. The method proposed in this paper can effectively monitor the timing, location, and amount of leakage, providing a technical safeguard for promoting CCS technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the use of antibiotics increases, the increasing resistance of bacteria is the main reason for the reduced efficiency of antibacterial drugs, making the research of new antibacterial materials become new hot spot. In this article, two novel coordination polymers (CPs), namely, [Cd2(L)2(bibp)2]n (1) and [Ni(L)(bib)]n (2), where H2L = N,N′-bis(4-carbozvlbenzvl)-4-aminotoluene, bibp = 4,4′-bis(imidazol-1-yl)biphenyl, and bib = 1,3-bis(1-imidazoly)benzene, have been synthesized under solvothermal and hydrothermal condition. Structural clarification was performed through infrared spectrum and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, while thermal analysis and XRD technology were used for the performance assessment of compounds 1 and 2. In addition, antibacterial performance experiments showed that compounds 1 and 2 have certain selectivity in their antibacterial properties and have good antibacterial properties against S. aureus. As the concentration of the compound increases, the inhibitory effect gradually strengthens, and when the concentration of the compound reaches 500 μg/mL and 400 μg/mL, the concentration of the S. aureus solution no longer increases and has been completely inhibited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In this paper, the reported MOF ([Co(bimip)(H2O)0.5]·0.5H2O) was employed in photocatalytic CO2 reduction, antibacterial, and dye adsorption experiments. The photocatalytic activity of the MOF for CO2 reduction was systematically investigated. The high average CO generation rate of 3421.59 μmol·g−1·h−1 after 12 h confirms the efficient photocatalytic CO2 reduction ability of the MOF. At the same time, the MOF can completely inhibit the growth of S. aureus and C. albicans within 24 h when its concentration reaches 400 μg/mL and 500 μg/mL, respectively. The MOF has an adsorption capacity for CR. The adsorption rate was 83.42% at 60 min, and the adsorption capacity of the MOF for CR reached 500.00 mg·g−1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a known mixed-ligand MOF {[Co2(TZMB)2(1,4-bib)0.5(H2O)2]·(H2O)2}n (compound 1) was reproduced, and its potential application potential was explored. It was found that compound 1 had high photocatalytic activity for CO2 reduction. After 12 h of illumination, the formation rate of CO, which is the product of CO2 reduction by compound 1, reached 3012.5 μmol/g/h. At the same time, compound 1 has a good antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Candida albicans (C. albicans), which has potential research value in the medical field. In addition, compound 1 can effectively remove Congo Red from aqueous solutions and achieve the separation of Congo red from mixed dye solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A versatile prototype Swing Arm Profilometer (SAP) is developed and experimentally validated in the Institute of Optics and Electronics (IOE), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). The configurations for the SAP are introduced. The measurement principles for measuring plano, spherical and aspherical mirrors are given. Four experiments are performed on the prototype SAP and validated by interferometric results. The measurement uncertainty for the current prototype SAP is 0.5 micron (rms).