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Depression is a common mental disorder characterized by high incidence, high disability, and high fatality, causing great burden to the society, families, and individuals. The changes in brain plasticity may be a main reason for depression. Recent studies have shown that exercise plays a positive role in depression, but systematic and comprehensive studies are lacking on brain plasticity changes in depression. To further understand the antidepressive effect of exercise and the changes in brain plasticity, we retrieved related literatures using key words “depression,” “depressive disorder,” “exercise,” “brain plasticity,” “brain structure,” and “brain function” from the database of Web of Science, PubMed, EBSCO host, and CNKI, hoping to provide evidence for exercise in preventing and treating depression. Increase in exercise has been found negatively correlated with the risk of depression. Randomized controlled experiments have shown that aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, and mind‐body exercise can improve depressive symptoms and levels. The intensity and long‐term effect of exercise are now topical research issues. Exercise has been proven to reshape the brain structure of depression patients, activate the function of related brain areas, promote behavioral adaptation changes, and maintain the integrity of hippocampal and white matter volume, thus improving the brain neuroprocessing and delaying cognitive degradation in depression patients. Future studies are urgently needed to establish accurate exercise prescriptions for improving depressive symptoms, and studies on different depressive populations and studies using multimodal brain imaging combined with multiple analytical methods are also needed.

Lean cemented sand and gravel (LCSG) materials are subjected to unloading-loading when an LCSG dam is opened for water drainage and then refilled or a roadbed base is subjected to repeated wheel loads. To investigate the behavior of the LCSG materials under loading-unloading, previous studies utilized the complete loading triaxial test. In contrast, in this study, the consolidated drained triaxial tests in the unloading and reloading paths for materials with cementing agent contents of 60 and 100 kg/m3 under different confining pressures, for which each curve generates three loading-unloading cycles, were applied to investigate the unloading and reloading mechanical behavior. Experimental results indicated that the unloading and reloading behavior of the LCSG materials produced stress-strain curves exhibiting a crescent-shaped hysteresis loop, which differs from that exhibited by coarse-grained soil. Although the shape of the crescent-like hysteresis loop was preserved as stress levels increasing, it gradually expanded. Compared with that of the typical triaxial test, the cohesive force and the increasing internal friction angle increased. Further, as the confining pressure increased, the crescent-like hysteresis loops tapered, shear strength increased linearly, and the modulus of resilience increased nonlinearly; the latter’s rate of change, however, decreased. The change in volumetric strain was small during unloading as the stress level changed.

Lean cemented sand and gravel (LCSG) materials are increasingly being used in dams, embankments, and other civil engineering applications. Therefore, their mechanical properties and stress-strain behavior should be systematically understood. In this study, the small-strain dynamic properties of LCSG materials were examined. A series of dynamic triaxial tests were performed to investigate the effects of the confining pressure and cementing agent content of the material on its dynamic shear modulus (Gd) and damping ratio (λ). The results show that Gd increased and λ decreased with increasing confining pressure and cementing agent content; however, under the same confining pressure and cementing agent content, Gd decreased gradually in accordance with shear strain. Furthermore, new expressions were derived for Gd and λ, as well as for their maxima. The results of this study could provide a reference for practical engineering applications, including the construction of dams using LCSG materials.

An experimental study on the shear strength development of cement-sand-gravel (CSG) material was carried out using triaxial compression tests. The effects of the cementing agent content, aggregate content, and gradation on the shear strength of CSG material were analyzed. The shear strength remarkably increased with increasing cementing agent content and aggregate content for a given confining pressure. The increase in shear strength with increasing cementing agent content far exceeded that with increasing aggregate content. However, the stress-strain curves and shear strength changed only slightly when the aggregate gradation for CSG material was adjusted. Based on the test data, a strength criterion for CSG material is proposed as a function of the cementing agent content, aggregate content, and shear strength of the aggregate gradation.

A male patient with seventy-six years old, frequent urination at night, lassitude, aversion to cold, feeling tired easily on exertion, soreness and weakness in the lumbar region, dark and purplish tongue with white coating, deep, thread and rapid pulse. Diagnosis: nocturnal polyuria. Syndrome differentiation in traditional Chinese medicine: kidney yang deficiency. In treatment, the Du-moxibustion (moxibustion along the Governor vessel) was adopted in the lumbosacral region. A number of cross marks were marked along Zhōngshū (中枢 GV 7) to Yāoshu (腰俞 GV 2). Herbal powder for the Du-moxibustion was put evenly and straightly from GV 7 to GV 2 along the cross marks. The mulberry bark paper was put flatly over the treating region with the folded midline of the paper matching the powder line and the ginger paste was placed on the paper and flatted with the tongue depressor as a trapezium. A groove was pressed on the ginger paste, And moxa was put inside. The upper, middle and lower sites of the moxa were ignited for moxibustion,when the moxa was burnt out then new moxa was replaced. Totally, the moxa was changed 3 times in one treatment. The treatment was given once a week, and 4 treatments as one course. After 2-course Du-moxibustion, the frequency of nocturnal urination was 0–1 time, 0–350 mL a night. The patient had lassitude and fatigue occasionally and had no aversion to cold. The treatment was given once every two weeks on the lumbosacral region until the urine frequency was normal at night. The Du-moxibustion improves in kidney yang deficiency, kidney qi deficiency, post-operative body weakness and the deficiency cold of the lower Jiao. This therapy warms the meridian, promotes qi and blood circulation, shortens the recovery time of the normal circulation of the cerebrospinal fluid and nourishes cauda equina as well as alleviates the pressure to cauda equina due to edema. This therapy effectively treats nocturnal polyuria of kidney yang deficiency after lumbar disc herniation surgery.

Knowing the deformation properties of cemented sand and gravel (CSG) material can help construct reasonable constitutive models for the material, which can be used to simulate the structural performance of various practical projects including CSG dams. In this study, to investigate the effect of cement content on the deformation properties of CSG material, we employ triaxial compressive tests for cement contents of 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 kg/m3 with a confining pressure range of 0.3&ndash, 1.2 MPa, and theoretically analyze the results by the regression analysis prediction method. Here, we show that both cement content and confining pressure influence the deformation properties of CSG material: for an increase in cement content, the failure strain decreases and brittleness of CSG material increases, the initial modulus of the CSG material increased exponentially with increasing cement content or confining pressure, the peak volumetric strain and its corresponding axial strain increase linearly with increasing confining pressures, which decrease with increasing cement content, the initial tangent volumetric ratio can also be determined by the peak volumetric strain and its corresponding axial strain.

This paper analyzed the demand for equipment capability analysis in virtual cellular manufacturing systems, and then recognized that the traditional methodologies for equipment capability analysis can no longer present unique and shared capability boundaries of equipments. A new methodology for equipment capability analysis termed resource elements was reported. Moreover, the concrete realization process of resource elements was proposed. After did clustering analysis on the distribution of form generating schema among the equipments using SAS analysis software, an equipment resource model was constructed based on resource elements. The reported results show that the use of resource elements makes description about the functional characteristics among the equipments more clearly. Furthermore, the proposed method laid a foundation of recognition for virtual formation.

This paper presents a virtual cellular manufacturing system building model based on axiomatic design theory. By now most discussions of virtual manufacturing cellular focus on how to format a virtual cell and how to optimize a virtual cell in the execution layer. The attention to “system cost” and “efficiency” mostly were given only after the system-generated. In this paper we build a complete virtual cellular manufacturing system, and pay attention to “system cost” and “efficiency” in the conceptual design phase to make sure the techniques and resource which we choose is low-cost and non-redundant. Meanwhile in Process Domain of the model, we blend the logistics balance idea of TOC theory, waste elimination philosophy of lean manufacturing and the existing conclusions of the virtual cell literature to make sure the tools which we choose are more effective. The model will clearly set out the concept, principle and technology hierarchy of virtual cellular manufacturing system, and can be an effective map for manufacturing enterprises with low-volume and high-variety to apply the virtual cellular production.