Search

The development of drug-resistance in the opportunistic pathogen Escherichia coli has become a global public health concern. Due to the share of similar flora between pets and their owners, the detection of pet-origin antibiotic-resistant E. coli is necessary. This study aimed to detect the prevalence of feline-origin ESBL E. coli in China and to explore the resistance elimination effect of garlic oil to cefquinome on ESBL E. coli. Cat fecal samples were collected from animal hospitals. The E. coli isolates were separated and purified by indicator media and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). ESBL genes were detected by PCR and Sanger sequencing. The MICs were determined. The synergistic effect of garlic oil and cefquinome against ESBL E. coli was investigated by checkerboard assays, time-kill and growth curves, drug-resistance curves, PI and NPN staining, and a scanning electronic microscope. A total of 80 E. coli strains were isolated from 101 fecal samples. The rate of ESBL E. coli was 52.5% (42/80). The prevailing ESBL genotypes in China were CTX-M-1, CTX-M-14, and TEM-116. In ESBL E. coli, garlic oil increased the susceptibility to cefquinome with FICIs from 0.2 to 0.7 and enhanced the killing effect of cefquinome with membrane destruction. Resistance to cefquinome decreased with treatment of garlic oil after 15 generations. Our study indicates that ESBL E. coli has been detected in cats kept as pets. The sensitivity of ESBL E. coli to cefquinome was enhanced by garlic oil, indicating that garlic oil may be a potential antibiotic enhancer.

The impact of organizational capabilities on the performance of social enterprises (SEs) has not been examined in the context of China. This study addresses the research gap by conducting a hypothesis-testing quantitative study. The questionnaire survey data of 206 Chinese SEs were analyzed by performing Pearson correlation and hierarchical linear regression analyses. The research findings show that four types of organizational capabilities have divergent effects on the social and economic performance of Chinese SEs. Specifically, stakeholder engagement capabilities and business planning capabilities make positive contributions to SE performance in economic and social domains, while human resource management capabilities have positive effects on social performance but not economic performance, and there is no statistically positive relationship between marketing capabilities and SE performance in economic and social domains. Our study provides important practical implications to managers of SEs in China or in another similar context, who should give priority to enhancing stakeholder engagement capabilities and business planning capabilities rather than human resource management capabilities and marketing capabilities as a booster of economic and social performance of SEs.

As customers of higher education services, students are both producers and consumers in this process. With students’ subjective perception, the evaluation of perceived quality of higher education service from the students' perspective can more truly reflect the influence of objective conditions on students. According to the satisfaction index model, the paper designs the service quality evaluation index, uses questionnaire to obtain the language evaluation information of undergraduates and graduates about the service quality evaluation index, then constructs the evaluation matrix accordingly. The initial weight values of the indexes are determined based on factor analysis. Rasch model is introduced to calculate personal ability to revise the weight values, and the satisfaction value is calculated by combining weighting method with the quantitative value of the service quality evaluation index. Through the above methods, the evaluation of higher education satisfaction from the perspective of students is realized, which points out the follow-up direction for improving the quality of undergraduate education service.

In this study, we aimed to determine the influence of various types of childhood trauma (CT) on cognitive functions in Chinese patients presented with schizophrenia. One hundred sixty-two patients were assessed with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF) and Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). We investigated the correlations between various types of CT, demographic characteristics, and cognitive functions. Significant negative correlations were observed in physical abuse (PA) and sexual abuse (SA) with the language score (r = −0.190, −0.216, respectively, p

Taihang Mountains plays a key role in water supply for the North China Plain, even though it has the ecological disadvantages of less water and soil. Research on the vertical characteri-stics of water supply and demand in Taihang Mountains is beneficial for the sustainable management of the mountain ecosystem. Here, we quantitatively evaluated water provision in the Taihang Mountains using remote sensing data and InVEST model. Water consumption was calculated according to the index of per capita comprehensive water use in different areas. The supply and benefit areas were scientifically demarcated based on water supply to demand ratios at different altitudes. The results showed that, from 2005 to 2014, the average volume of water yield and water consumption were 65.94×10太行山区具有水少土薄的生态劣势,却承担着华北平原水源供应的重要作用.开展太行山区水资源供需关系垂直特征研究,有助于指导山区生态系统的可持续管理.本研究基于遥感数据以及InVEST模型,定量评估太行山区产水量,并根据不同地区人均综合用水指标计算耗水量,通过不同海拔的水资源产耗比科学划定太行山区水资源的供给区和受益区.结果表明: 2005—2014年,太行山区年均产水总量为65.94亿m

In high water table level area, saline water irrigation in crucial drought periods has been confirmed to have a positive effect to increase crop yield while it may cause soil salt accumulation to have a potential negative effect on next season crop growth. It was supposed that eliminating or reducing this kind of negative effect could ensure a sustainable increase of crop yield under saline water irrigation. Field experiments were completed in a 2year period in Nandagang district in coastal area of Hebei Province. We investigated the dynamic changes of soil salt accumulation under saline water irrigation in dry season, and analyzed the ecological effect of removing soil salt storage by subsurface pipe drainage system in rainy or proper season. The results showed that the soil salinity experienced accumulation-desalinization-secondary accumulation under saline water irrigation in dry season. In the early stage of irrigation, under 1 g·L高水位地区作物生长关键期采用微咸水或咸水灌溉被证明在一定条件下可以起到增产正效应，但同时却存在着土体盐分积累及其对下茬或次年种植影响的生态负效应.为探讨消除或抑制微咸水或咸水灌溉对土壤盐分积累的生态负效应，保证作物种植增产的正效应，本文在河北近滨海高水位盐碱区开展了为期2年的试验研究，探讨了旱季微咸水或咸水灌溉带来的盐分异位积累与离子分布变化特征，分析了雨季关键期暗管适时排盐对土壤盐分的立体调控生态效应.结果表明：旱季咸水灌溉后土壤经历“积盐-脱盐-二次积盐”3个阶段；灌溉初期，1 g·L

Childhood trauma is a major public health problem which has a long-term consequence, a few studies have examined the relationship between childhood trauma and clinical features of bipolar disorder, most in western culture, with no such studies done in Chinese culture.The CTQ-SF was administered to 132 Chinese patients with DSM-IV bipolar disorder. Participants also completed the Childhood Experience of Care and Abuse Questionnaire (CECA.Q), the Impact of Events Scale-Revised (IES-R), and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). The CTQ-SF cut-off scores for exposure were used to calculate the prevalence of trauma. The relationship between childhood trauma and clinical features of bipolar disorder were examined.The internal consistency of CTQ-SF was good (Cronbach׳s α=0.826) and four week test-retest reliability was high (r=0.755). 61.4% of this sample reported physical neglect (PN) in childhood, followed by emotional neglect (EN, 49.6%), sexual abuse (SA, 40.5%), emotional abuse (EA, 26.0%) and physical abuse (PA,13.1%). Significant negative correlations existed between age of onset and EA and EN score (r=-0.178~-0.183, p0.05). Significant positive correlations were observed between EA, CTQ-SF total score and intrusion and hyper-arousal scores of IES-R (r=0.223~0.309, p0.05). Similarly, significant positive correlations were found between EN, PN, CTQ-SF total and STAI score (r=0.222~0.425, p0.05).Data on childhood trauma were derived from a retrospective self-report questionnaire without independent corroboration. A number of potential patients (more severe or chronic patients) was excluded because they were either refused to participate or inappropriate to participate in research.Significant number of subjects in patients with BD reported experience of childhood abuse and neglect. Exposure to childhood trauma is associated with age of onset of illness, co morbid PTSD and anxiety symptoms. To study the pathogenesis of childhood trauma on bipolar disorder and explanation the interaction between childhood trauma and susceptibility genes are proposed.

Objective To evaluate the effect of maintenance modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT) on schizophrenic patients. Methods From June 2012 to June 2014, 62 patients with schizophrenia, who had recovered from a successful course of acute MECT, were recruited. Thirty-one patients received maintenance MECT and risperidone, as the experimental group. Another 31 patients were enrolled in the control group, and received risperidone only. The effects on cognitive functions, clinical symptoms and relapse rate were determined. Results Patients in the experimental group had a lower relapse rate and longer relapse-free survival time than the controls. Relative to the baseline evaluation, patients showed statistically significant improvement in verbal memory and visual memory. At the final assessment, the scores of verbal and visual memory were remarkably lower in the experimental group than the controls but there was no significant difference in other tests. Conclusion Maintenance MECT plus medication is superior to medication alone in preventing relapse and improving cognitive function. RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar o efeito da manutenção de eletroconvulsoterapia modificada (ECTM) em pacientes com esquizofrenia. Métodos Entre junho de 2012 a junho de 2014, 62 pacientes, com esquizofrenia e que apresentaram recuperação bem-sucedida após ECTM aguda, foram recrutados. Um grupo experimental de trinta e um pacientes recebeu ECTM de manutenção e risperidona. Os demais pacientes foram incluídos no grupo controle, recebendo apenas a risperidona. Determinou-se os efeitos sobre as funções cognitivas, os sintomas clínicos e a taxa de recidiva. Resultados Os pacientes do grupo experimental tiveram menor taxa de recidiva e maior tempo de sobrevida livre de recidiva do que os do grupo controle. Em relação à avaliação inicial, os pacientes apresentaram melhora estatisticamente significativa da memória verbal e da memória visual. Na avaliação final, os escores de memória verbal e visual foram extraordinariamente menores no grupo experimental do que no grupo controle, mas não se observou diferenças significativas em outros testes. Conclusão A ECTM de manutenção combinada à medicação é superior ao uso apenas de medicação na prevenção de recidivas e na melhora da função cognitiva.

Metal smelting process all kinds of element content directly influence the metal performance index and smelting process control .The amount of carbon become mainly alloy index for divided type and number. LIPS using high power laser ablation material produce plasma, in plasma radiation spectrum analysis; it could be used in the composition of solid, liquid and gas composition and concentration measurement. But the results of the measurement will be affected by some factors, this article through some experiments, that show the Influence factors for the measured results such as the delay time，the different environment of gas and the laser pulse energy and analyzed them.

This paper developed a new interpretation symbol system for grading and classifying saline-alkali land, using Huanghua, a cosatal city in Hebei Province as a case. The system was developed by inverting remote sensing images from 1992 to 2011 based on site investigation, plant cover characteristics and features of remote sensing images. Combining this interpretation symbol system with supervising classification method, the information on arable land was obtained for the coastal saline-alkali ecosystem of Huanghua City, and the saline-alkali land area, changes in intensity of salinity-alkalinity and spatial distribution from 1992 to 2011 were analyzed. The results showed that salinization of arable land in Huanghua City alleviated from 1992 to 2011. The severely and moderately saline-alkali land area decreased in 2011 compared with 1992, while the non/slightly saline land area increased. The moderately saline-alkali land in southeast transformed to non/slightly saline-alkaline, while the severely saline-alkali land in west of the city far from the coastal zone became moderately saline-alkaline. The center of gravity (CG) of severely and non/slightly saline-alkali land moved closer the coastline, while that of the moderately saline-alkali land moved from southwest coastal line to northwest. Factors influencing changes in arable land within the saline-alkali ecosystem of Huanghua City were climate, hydrology and human activities.

This study examined the association between childhood trauma and clinical features, comorbid anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and suicidal and aggressive behaviors in Chinese patients with schizophrenia. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire - Short Form (CTQ-SF), the Impact of Events Scale - Revised (IES-R), and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were administered to 182 Chinese inpatients with schizophrenia. The relationship between the severity and the number of traumic experiences and clinical features were analyzed. Physical neglect (PN) in childhood was reported in 71.7% of this sample, followed by emotional neglect (EN, 58.6%), sexual abuse (SA, 39.9%), emotional abuse (EA, 31.7%) and physical abuse (PA, 22.2%). Significant negative correlations existed between age of onset and the EA scores. Significant positive correlations were found between the subscores of IES-R, STAI and CTQ-SF. Patients with history of suicidal or aggressive behaviors had significantly higher trauma scores than patients without such behaviors. Exposure to childhood trauma is associated with early age of onset, more PTSD and anxiety symptoms, and history of suicidal and aggressive behaviors. A dose-effect may exist between severity, number of trauma experiences, and clinical features.

Childhood trauma is a major public health problem which has an impact on personality development, yet no studies have examined the association between exposure to trauma and personality in a sample of Chinese adolescents. Four hundred eighty-five students completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF) and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ). The CTQ-SF cut-off scores for exposure were used to calculate the prevalence of trauma. The possible associations between specific types of trauma and the EPQ subscale scores were examined. The rates of emotional abuse (EA), physical abuse (PA), sexual abuse (SA), emotional neglect (EN), and physical neglect (PN) were 18.76%, 11.13%, 27.01%, 49.48%, and 68.66%, respectively. Individuals subjected to EA, PA, and SA had significantly higher neuroticism (EPQ-N) and psychoticism (EPQ-P) scores on the EPQ compared with those who had not experienced EA, PA, or SA (all p values

The features of network agricultural information (NAI) are summarized by analyzing Chinese typical, famous agricultural information websites. The features include the storage-scattered of agricultural informations, high frequency of updating, non-uniform data format and a lots of raw information existing. It is pointed out that the features have disadvantages for sharing and exploiting the NAI efficiently. Then a scheme is proposed to try to overcome the disadvantages of the features, which is mainly based on brower/server structure and information extraction technology from webpages. Also the key technologies to implement the scheme are described in the paper. In the end, an example application of the scheme is carried out to demonstrate the concrete steps to develop practical applications based on the scheme. network agricultural information, information extraction technology, brower/server structure

To explore the relationship between test anxiety and personality, self-esteem in grade one senior high school students.Totally 538 senior high school students of grade one were investigated by Test Anxiety Scale (TAS), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) and Self-Esteem Scale (SES) in a Senior High School in Shandong Province.The prevalence of test anxiety among all the surveyed students was rated 65.2%. The Psychoticism (P) (51.60 +/- 9.66) or Neuroticism (N) (51.57 +/- 10.75) factor score of EPQ in students with test anxiety was significantly higher than that in students without test anxiety (48.07 +/- 8.62, 45.65 +/- 10.14) (P0.001), while the Extroversion or Introversion (E) score (50.76 +/- 11.09) was on the contrary (53.68 +/- 11.60) (P0.01). The total score of TAS was significantly positively related to the P (r = 0.14) and N (r = 0.36) factor score and significantly negatively related to the E factor score of EPQ (r = -0.15) (P0.001). The prevalence of test anxiety in introversive students (72.3%) was higher than that in extroversive students (53.2%) (P0.05), and that in students with unstable emotion (81.4%) and in students with apparent psychoticism (84.1%) were also higher than that in those with stable emotion (41.0%) and in those without psychoticism (57.7%) (P0.01). The total score of SES in students with test anxiety (29.12 +/- 4.41) was significantly lower than that in students without test anxiety (30.29 +/- 4.25) (P0.01). The total score of TAS was significantly negatively related to the total score of SES (r = -0.23) (P0.001).Test anxiety should be related to the personality and self-esteem, and the prevalence of test anxiety in introversive, unstable emotional, apparent psychoticism or low self-esteem students should be higher.

IHEP, China is constructing a 100 MeV/100 kW electron Linac for NSC KIPT, Ukraine. This linac will be used as the driver of a neutron source based on a subcritical assembly. In 2012, the injector part of the accelerator was pre-installed as a testing facility in the experimental hall #2 of IHEP. The injector beam and key hardware testing results met the design goal. Recently, the injector testing facility was disassembled and all of the components for the whole accelerator have been shipped to Ukraine from China by the ocean shipping. The installation of the whole machine in KIPT will be started in June, 2013. The construction progress, the design and testing results of the injector beam and key hardware are presented.