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Purpose: As more newborns have received expanded newborn screening (NBS) for metabolic disorders, the overall number of false-positive results has increased. The purpose of this study was to explore the nature of the psychological impacts experienced by mothers related to the NBS process. Methods: An online parenting community in Korea was selected, and questions regarding NBS were collected using web crawling for the period from October 2018 to August 2021. In total, 634 posts were analyzed. The collected unstructured text data were preprocessed, and keyword analysis, topic modeling, and visualization were performed. Results: Of 1,057 words extracted from posts, the top keyword based on ‘term frequency-inverse document frequency’ values was “hypothyroidism,” followed by “discharge,” “close examination,” “thyroid-stimulating hormone levels,” and “jaundice.” The top keyword based on the simple frequency of appearance was “XXX hospital,” followed by “close examination,” “discharge,” “breastfeeding,” “hypothyroidism,” and “professor.” As a result of LDA topic modeling, posts related to inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) were classified into four main themes: “confirmatory tests of IEMs,” “mother and newborn with thyroid function problems,” “retests of IEMs,” and “feeding related to IEMs.” Mothers experienced substantial frustration, stress, and anxiety when they received positive NBS results. Conclusion: The online parenting community played an important role in acquiring and sharing information, as well as psychological support related to NBS in newborn mothers. Nurses can use this study’s findings to develop timely and evidence-based information for parents whose children receive positive NBS results to reduce the negative psychological impact.

ROOT MERISTEM GROWTH FACTOR1 (RGF1) and its receptors RGF1 INSENSITIVEs (RGIs) regulate primary root meristem activity via a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MPK) signaling cascade in Arabidopsis. However, it is unknown how RGF1 regulates lateral root (LR) development. Here, we show that the RGF1–RGI1 peptide–receptor pair negatively regulates LR development via activation of PUCHI encoding AP2/EREBP. Exogenous RGF1 peptides inhibited LR development of the wild type. However, the rgi1 mutants were partially or fully insensitive to RGF1 during LR development, whereas four other rgi single mutants, namely rgi2, rgi3, rgi4, and rgi5, were sensitive to RGF1 in inhibiting LR formation. Consistent with this, the red fluorescent protein (RFP) signals driven by the RGF1 promoter were detected at stage I and the following stages, overlapping with RGI1 expression. PUCHI expression was significantly up-regulated by RGF1 but completely inhibited in rgi1. LR development of puchi1-1 was insensitive to RGF1. PUCHI expression driven by the RGI1 promoter reduced LR density in both the wild type and rgi1,2,3. Further, mpk6, but not mpk3, displayed significantly down-regulated PUCHI expression and insensitive LR development in response to RGF1. Collectively, these results suggest that the RGF1–RGI1 module negatively regulates LR development by activating PUCHI expression via MPK6.

We performed a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis comparing initiation of full solid diet (FSD) versus stepwise diet to better define the management of patients with mild acute pancreatitis (AP).Electronic databases were searched through August 2, 2021 for trials comparing initial FSD versus stepwise advancement in patients with mild AP on length of hospital stay (LOHS). We stratified by whether diet was initiated early (within 24 h or immediately upon presence of bowel sounds).We identified seven RCTs that compared LOHS in AP patients who received initial oral intake with solid diet versus stepwise diet. Across the studies a total of 305 patients were randomized to immediate FSD and 308 patients to sequential advancement. Patients who were initiated on a FSD had a significant reduction in total LOHS (Standardized Mean Difference (SMD) -0.52 [95% CI -0.69, -0.36]). There was no difference in post refeeding abdominal pain, tolerance of diet, or necessity to cease diet between the two groups. Sub-analysis of three studies that initiated FSD early reduced total LOHS (OR -0.95 [95% CI -1.26, -0.65]) compared to those who received graded diet advancement as well as higher likelihood of tolerating the assigned diet (OR 6.8 [95% CI 1.2, 39.2]).Our meta-analysis shows that initiation of FSD reduces total LOHS in patients with mild AP and does not increase post refeeding abdominal pain. Though additional high-quality studies are needed, these findings support initial solid diet for AP and consideration of feeding within the first 24 h.

In this study, we describe a novel function of the p34SEI-1 protein, which is both an oncogenic protein and a positive regulator of the cell cycle. The p34SEI-1 protein was found to inhibit doxorubicin-induced senescence. We investigated the molecular mechanisms of the inhibitory effect of p34SEI-1 on senescence. First, we found that the activation of protein kinase C-δ (PKC-δ), which is cleaved into a 38 kDa active form from a 78 kDa pro-form, induced after doxorubicin treatment, was inhibited by p34SEI-1. Furthermore, p34SEI-1 induced the ubiquitination of PKC-δ. Yet, there is no interaction between p34SEI-1 and PKC-δ. We also found that the phosphorylation of c-Jun-NH2-kinase 1 (JNK1) induced after doxorubicin treatment was suppressed by p34SEI-1, but not in JNK2. Consistently, pharmacologic or genetic inactivation of either PKC-δ or JNK1 was found to inhibit doxorubicin-induced senescence. In addition, the genetic inactivation of PKC-δ by PKC-δ small interfering RNA resulted in an inhibition of JNK1 activation, but PKC-δ expression was not inactivated by JNK1 small interfering RNA, implying that the activation of JNK1 could be dependently induced by PKC-δ. Therefore, p34SEI-1 inhibits senescence by inducing PKC-δ ubiquitination and preventing PKC-δ–dependent phosphorylation of JNK1. [Mol Cancer Res 2009;7(11):1845–53]

Supplementary Data from p34SEI-1 Inhibits Doxorubicin-Induced Senescence through a Pathway Mediated by Protein Kinase C-δ and c-Jun-NH2-Kinase 1 Activation in Human Breast Cancer MCF7 Cells

A pancreaticopleural fistula (PPF) is a rare complication of chronic pancreatitis secondary to a pancreatic pseudocyst or any disruption of the main pancreatic duct. It commonly presents as a recurrent left-sided pleural effusion after multiple thoracentesis. We present a rare case of a 41-year-old woman with numerous flares of chronic pancreatitis presenting with large bilateral serosanguinous pleural effusions and trapped lung secondary to a PPF. To our knowledge, this is the first documented case of a PPF leading to bilateral pleural effusions resulting in a trapped lung.

Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) microdisplays have attracted considerable attention owing to their low power consumption, rapid response, high contrast ratio, and self-luminescence. To expand the use of OLED microdisplays, high luminance and vivid color are required. Herein, we developed a high-luminance, low-voltage, three-wavelength, top-emitting white OLED (WOLED) using a silicon substrate for complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor-based, full-color microdisplay applications. Optimal thickness of the emitting layer and thickness and position of the interlayer were determined to improve device performance. The device exhibited luminance of ∼4,200 cd/m2 at 3.3 V, and the maximum luminance reached 170,000 cd/m2 at 11.4 V. In addition, red, green, and blue color filters were deposited onto the WOLED after the thin-film encapsulation process to verify feasibility of the device for full-color microdisplay applications. The color gamut of the developed WOLED with color filters was 136% compared to sRGB. The maximum luminance and color gamut of the developed device is among the highest values obtained to date for OLED microdisplays.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Patients who undergo total knee arthroplasty (TKA) have a risk of postoperative anaemia. This observational study evaluated whether single-dose intravenous ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) administered immediately after TKA facilitates the correction of anaemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively analysed 722 patients who underwent primary TKA. The FCM group receiving 1000 mg intravenous FCM within one postoperative hour was compared with the non-FCM group that did not receive the medication. A propensity score matching with multiple logistic regression analysis was used to minimize intergroup differences in the baseline characteristics and postoperative blood loss. The rate and severity of postoperative anaemia were compared between the groups, along with haemoglobin (Hb) value, transfusion rate and complications. RESULTS After propensity score matching, 231 patients were included in each group. In the FCM group, the rate of anaemia at postoperative day (POD) 7 (p = 0.021) and postoperative week (POW) 5 (p

Background Intradialytic hypotension (IDH) has been reported to be an important prognostic factor in hemodialysis patients. However, a standard definition of IDH has not yet been determined. Methods We retrospectively analyzed blood pressure (BP) metrics obtained during serial dialysis sessions over a 90-day period from a single dialysis center from 2016 to 2017. The mean values and the frequency of specific values of BP were analyzed as predictors of 3-year mortality. Results A total of 430 patients who underwent maintenance dialysis were included. The mean age was 63.3 ± 12.4 years and 58.6% were male. A low minimum systolic blood pressure (SBP) Conclusion Among the various intradialytic BP metrics, the frequency of a minimum SBP

ROOT MERISTEM GROWTH FACTOR1 (RGF1) and its receptors RGF1 INSENSITIVEs (RGIs) regulate primary root meristem activity via a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MPK) signaling cascade in Arabidopsis. However, it is unknown how RGF1 regulates lateral root (LR) development. Here, we show that the RGF1-RGI1 peptide-receptor pair negatively regulates LR development via activation of PUCHI encoding AP2/EREBP. Exogenous RGF1 peptides inhibited LR development of wild type. However, the rgi1 mutants were partially or fully insensitive to RGF1 during LR development, whereas four other rgi single mutants, namely rgi2, rgi3, rgi4, and rgi5, were sensitive to RGF1 in inhibiting LR formation. Consistent with this, the RFP signals driven by the RGF1 promoter were detected at stage I and the following stages, overlapping with RGI1 expression. PUCHI expression was significantly upregulated by RGF1 but completely inhibited in rgi1. LR development of puchi1-1 was insensitive to RGF1. PUCHI expression driven by the RGI1 promoter reduced LR density in both wild type and rgi1,2,3. Further, mpk6, but not mpk3, displayed significantly downregulated PUCHI expression and insensitive LR development in response to RGF1. Collectively, these results suggest that RGF1-RGI1 module negatively regulate LR development by activating PUCHI expression via MPK6.

Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant cancers worldwide, and liver cancer has increased in mortality due to liver cancer because it was detected at an advanced stages in patients with liver dysfunction, making HCC a lethal cancer. Accordingly, we aim to new targets for HCC drug discovery using HCC tumor spheroids. Methods Our comparative proteomic analysis of HCC cells grown in culture as monolayers (2D) and spheroids (3D) revealed that argininosuccinate synthase 1 (ASS1) expression was higher in 3D cells than in 2D cells due to upregulated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress responses. We investigated the clinical value of ASS1 in Korean patients with HCC. The mechanism underlying ASS1-mediated tumor suppression was investigated in HCC spheroids. ASS1-mediated improvement of chemotherapy efficiency was observed using high content screening in an HCC xenograft mouse model. Results Studies of tumor tissue from Korean HCC patients showed that, although ASS1 expression was low in most samples, high levels of ASS1 were associated with favorable overall survival of patients. Here, we found that bidirectional interactions between ASS1 ER stress responses in HCC-derived multicellular tumor spheroids can limit HCC progression. ASS1 overexpression effectively inhibited tumor growth and enhanced the efficacy of in vitro and in vivo anti-HCC combination chemotherapy via activation of the PERK/eIF2α/ATF4/CHOP axis, but was not dependent on the status of p53 and arginine metabolism. Conclusions These results demonstrate the critical functional roles for the arginine metabolism–independent tumor suppressor activity of ASS1 in HCC and suggest that upregulating ASS1 in these tumors is a potential strategy in HCC cells with low ASS1 expression.

Pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma (PAIS) is a rare tumor without clear syndromic presentation other than nonspecific symptoms of cough, dyspnea, and weight loss. This diagnosis is difficult due to challenging radiographic interpretations of multiple imaging modalities. We present a case of a 60-year-old male, who presented to his pulmonologist and underwent a CT chest with IV contrast that initially suggested primary lung carcinoma. CT angiogram showed significant vascular filling defects suspicious of an intravascular mass, rather than vascular invasion by lung lesions. The PET/CT scans further suggested a malignant process, but indistinguishable between an extravascular or intravascular etiology. Taking these results together, they suggested an intravascular malignancy, prompting a tissue biopsy, which ultimately led to a diagnosis of PAIS with metastases. Establishing a definitive diagnosis is essential as treatment and prognosis are different for sarcoma compared to carcinoma. There is no standard treatment to date, and management often includes a multidisciplinary approach involving surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. PAIS is a rare entity that cannot be diagnosed clinically and needs a multimodality approach for its diagnosis.

본 연구의 목적은 다문화가정 학생의 진로상담에 관한 국내연구를 선정하여 분석하고 연구 동향을 탐색하는 것이다. 이를 통해 향후 다문화가정 학생의 진로상담 연구의 발전에 기여하고자 한다. 본 연구는 2010년부터 2020년 4월까지 학회지에 게재된 논문 중 ‘다문화’, ‘진로’, ‘다문화 진로’, ‘다문화 학생’과 ‘진로상담’을 핵심어로 선정된 논문을 3차례의 선정 및 배제 과정을 통하여 총 58편을 분석하였다. 분석의 틀은 선행연구 분석과 두 차례의 범주화와 평정 및 점검 과정을 수행하여 기본정보, 연구대상, 연구방법, 연구주제로 범주화하여 분석하였다. 연구결과, 첫째, 다문화가정 학생 진로상담 관련 논문은 교육, 상담심리, 청소년, 사회복지 분야 등에서 꾸준히 출간되고 있다. 둘째, 다문화가정 학생을 구분하지 않고 연구된 논문이 많았고, 중, 고등학생이 주로 연구에 참여하였고 패널데이터가 많이 사용되었다. 셋째, 연구방법은 주로 양적 연구가 사용되었다. 넷째, 연구주제는 진로발달, 진로장벽, 진로 태도 등 진로 관련 변인이 다루어졌고 진로상담 프로그램에서는 진로성숙도, 진로결정 효능감, 진로인식과 진로집단상담이 다루어졌다.

Background Hyperthermia is relatively rare during general anesthesia; however, a few studies have been conducted on hyperthermia and the neuromuscular blockade (NMB) induced by rocuronium, and the reversal of NMB by sugammadex. We investigated the effect of hyperthermia status on the NMB induced by rocuronium, and its reversal by sugammadex, in isolated phrenic nerve hemidiaphragm (PNHD) preparations of the rat. Methods Thirty-three male Sprague-Dawley rat PNHD preparations were randomly assigned to three groups at different temperatures (36 °C, 38 °C, and 40 °C; each group, n = 11, in Krebs solution). The train-of-four (TOF) and twitch height responses were checked mechanomyographically. The PNHD were treated with progressively increasing doses of rocuronium and three effective concentrations (ECs), EC50, EC90, and EC95, of rocuronium were analyzed in each group via nonlinear regression analysis. Then, sugammadex was administered in doses equimolar to rocuronium. Thereafter, the T1 height (%), TOFR (%) and the duration index were measured. Results The EC of rocuronium (EC50, EC90, and EC95) decreased significantly in accordance with increasing temperature. The groups at 36 °C and 40 °C showed clear differences in all areas (all P Conclusion A rise of temperature from 38 °C to 40 °C in rat PNHD preparations proportionally enhanced the NMB induced by rocuronium. In addition, equimolar doses of sugammadex to the administered rocuronium showed a slower recovery time as the temperature rises.

The authors experienced three cases of the resistance to the nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs), rocuronium. There are many factors that affect NMBAs such as steroid, endocrine or autoimmune diseases which are thyroid disease, parathyroid disease, myasthenia gravis and etc., and anticonvulsant medication. However, in these three cases, the patients did not have any neuromuscular disorder, except certain drug administration, smoking, endocrine disorder and fever. In this study, we report three cases of the resistance to rocuronium where the resistance duration was much shorter than known and we should be aware of the importance of neuromuscular monitoring.

Background and Objectives: Some of the postoperative complications following orthopaedic surgeries are associated with a systemic inflammatory response (SIR), which varies depending on the anaesthetic technique. We aimed to compare the effects of general and spinal anaesthesia on the SIR after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), based on C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, the platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Materials and Methods: Patients who underwent TKA between January 2014 and December 2018 were included. Electronic medical records of the patients were retrospectively reviewed and analysed. To reduce the impact of potential confounding factors, we performed propensity score matching according to the anaesthetic technique. Results: A total of 1311 TKA cases were analysed. After propensity score matching, the maximal CRP value and changes in CRP levels in the general anaesthesia group were higher than those in the spinal anaesthesia group. However, the maximal NLR and PLR and the changes in NLR and PLR were not different between the two groups. There were no differences in postoperative clinical outcomes. Conclusion: Spinal anaesthesia tended to induce a lower inflammatory response than general anaesthesia when considering CRP levels in patients undergoing TKA. However, the effects of anaesthetic techniques on the overall outcomes were not significant.

Background Incorrect use of inhalers among asthma and COPD patients is very prevalent. Yet, no single intervention is considered standard of care. We aimed to conduct a COPD-specific investigation of active one-on-one coaching as the educational intervention to improve pressurized metered dose inhaler (pMDI) technique and COPD symptoms management. Methods COPD patients who have pMDI in their treatment regimen were enrolled in this prospective study using the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease criteria. After rapid cognitive screen, inhaler technique was assessed and an active one-on-one coaching was provided utilizing the 12-step American Thoracic Society instructions. Patients’ inhaler technique was assessed and scored again at their regular follow-up visits. Results One hundred and one patients participated in the study. The percentage of pMDI misuse decreased from 43.5% pre-teaching to 12.9% post-teaching (binomial test p value p value Conclusions This study reveals that many COPD patients have incorrect pMDI techniques that can be improved with a short training in the clinic. Trial Registration: Not applicable.

As sessile organisms, plants are exposed to constantly changing environments that are often stressful for their growth and development. To cope with these stresses, plants have evolved complex and sophisticated stress-responsive signaling pathways regulating the expression of transcription factors and biosynthesis of osmolytes that confer tolerance to plants. Signaling peptides acting like phytohormones control various aspects of plant growth and development via cell-cell communication networks. These peptides are typically recognized by membrane-embedded receptor-like kinases, inducing activation of cellular signaling to control plant growth and development. Recent studies have revealed that several signaling peptides play important roles in plant responses to abiotic stress. In this mini review, we provide recent findings on the roles and signaling pathways of peptides that are involved in coordinating plant responses to abiotic stresses, such as dehydration, high salinity, reactive oxygen species, and heat. We also discuss recent developments in signaling peptides that play a role in plant adaptation responses to nutrient deficiency stress, focusing on nitrogen and phosphate deficiency responses.