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BackgroundProximal gastrectomy has gradually gained more attention due to its superiority in retaining the function of part of the stomach. The inevitable loss of the antireflux barrier and postoperative complications resulting from proximal gastrectomy can severely affect the quality of life. Continuous improvements in digestive tract reconstruction after proximal gastrectomy have yielded the development of a variety of methods with antireflux functions. Recently, our center attempted the left-open single-flap technique and initiated a multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled trial for patients undergoing proximal gastrectomy to reduce the difficulty of surgical anastomosis and the incidence of perioperative complications compared with the double-flap technique. These findings will provide more evidence-based medical research for the development of clinical guidelines.Methods/designThis study is a prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled clinical trial. We plan to recruit 250 patients who are eligible for proximal gastrectomy. After informed consent is obtained, patients will be randomly assigned to the trial group (left-open single-flap technique) and the control group (double-flap technique) in a 1:1 allocation ratio.DiscussionIncreasingly, clinical studies have focused on the improvement of reconstruction modalities after proximal gastrectomy. Among these methods, the double-flap technique is a clinically effective method. The purpose of this study is to establish a prospective randomized controlled trial to compare the efficacy of the left-open single-flap technique versus the double-flap technique after proximal gastrectomy, aiming to provide more evidence-based medical studies for digestive tract reconstruction in proximal gastrectomy.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier [NCT05418920].

The solubilities of 1,3,5-trifluoro-2,4,6-triiodobenzene (IFB) in 12 pure organic solvents including methanol, ethanol, acetone, toluene, ethyl acetate, 1,4-dioxane, 1,2-dichloroethane, acetonitril...

The solubilities of 2-oxindole in 12 pure organic solvents including acetonitrile (MeCN), dichloromethane, 1,4-dioxane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), acetone, toluene, methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, tetra...

Objectives To detect whether early growth response 1 (EGR1) in peripheral blood leucocytes (PBLs) indicates temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis (OA) lesions. Materials and methods Egr1 mRNA expression levels in PBLs were detected in eight malocclusion patients without temporomandibular disorder (TMD) signs and 16 malocclusion patients with clinical TMD signs with (eight) or without (eight) imaging signs of TMJ OA. Twelve 6-week-old rats were randomized to a control group and a unilateral anterior crossbite (UAC) group and were sampled at 4 weeks. The Egr1 mRNA expression levels in PBLs and protein expression levels in different orofacial tissues were measured. Results Patients with TMD signs with/without TMJ OA diagnosis showed lower Egr1 mRNA expression levels in PBLs than patients without TMD signs. The lower Egr1 mRNA expression was also found in the PBLs of UAC rats, which were induced to exhibit early histo-morphological signs of TMJ OA lesions. In subchondral bone of UAC rats, EGR1 protein expression was decreased, co-localization of EGR1 with osterix or dentin matrix protein-1 was identified, and the number of EGR1 and osterix double-positive cells was reduced (all p Conclusion Egr1 reduction in PBLs potentially indicates subchondral bone OA lesions at an early stage.

The solubilities of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) have been measured by the synthetic method in 10 pure organic solvents including methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, toluene, acetone, acetonitrile, 1,4-dioxane, 1,2-dichloroethane, ethyl acetate, and tetrahydrofuran and binary methanol + water mixtures from (278.25 to 323.55) K under atmospheric pressure. The modified Apelblat equation, λh equation, and Wilson equation were employed to correlate the solubility data. Furthermore, the solubility of NAA in a binary solvent mixture was regressed with a combined nearly ideal binary solvent/Redlich–Kister (CNIBS/R–K) equation and the hybrid equation. According to the calculations based on these equations, the modified Apelblat equation gave the best correlation results with the experimental data in all selected solvents.

Objective The present purpose was to investigate the involvement of Derlin-3 in the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway-mediated apoptosis of chondrocytes in biomechanically stimulated mandibular condylar cartilage. Design First, fluid flow shear stress (FFSS) was applied to ATDC5 cells with or without overexpression of Derlin-3 by lentiviral transduction or silencing of Derlin-3 by siRNA transfection. Apoptosis was evaluated by TUNEL assay. Molecular markers related to the endoplasmic reticulum stress-apoptosis pathway, including GRP78, CHOP, ATF6, Caspase-12, and cleaved Caspase-3, were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. Second, the expression of proteins related to the endoplasmic reticulum stress-apoptosis pathway of the chondrocytes in mandibular condylar cartilage of mice treated with unilateral anterior crossbite (UAC) prostheses was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining and TUNEL assay. Results FFSS induced the endoplasmic reticulum stress-apoptosis pathway in ATDC5 cells. This apoptosis was suppressed by overexpressing Derlin-3 but was enhanced by silencing Derlin-3. UAC increased Derlin-3 expression in mandibular condylar cartilage at 1 and 3 weeks but decreased Derlin-3 expression at 7 and 11 weeks. The reduction of Derlin-3 expression by UAC was associated with the increase in the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway-mediated apoptosis in degenerative mandibular condylar cartilage. UAC elicited changes in Derlin-3 expression and the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway-mediated apoptosis was reversed after the removal of the prosthesis. Conclusion Reduced Derlin-3 expression is associated with the biomechanically induced endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway-mediated apoptosis of chondrocytes in the mandibular condylar cartilage and could be a therapeutic target for the treatment of biomechanically stimulated cartilage degradation.

To accurately and quantitatively evaluate the mass and particle size distribution of water-soluble and water-insoluble particulate matters (PM) on the surface of tree leaves, which would help to improve the accuracy of quantitative assessment of the retention ability of urban trees to atmospheric particles, we collected leaf samples from three broadleaved tree species [Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba), Chinese scholar tree (Sophora japonica) and weeping willow (Salix babylonica)] and two conifer species [Chinese pine (Pinus tabuliformis) and China savin (Sabina chinensis)] 14 d after the rain (rainfall15 mm). The PMs retained on leaves were collected by a succeeding procedure of washing + brushing (WC+BC) and ultrasonic cleaning (UC). Then, the extracts at each step were divided into water-soluble and water-insoluble PMs through centrifuge. The mass of water-soluble and water-insoluble particles were dry weighted. Then, the water-soluble and water-insoluble particles were dissolved by anhydrous ethanol and deionized water to measure the particle size distribution. The mass of water-soluble and water-insoluble particles with different particle sizes was calculated. Results showed that the mass (proportion) of water-soluble PMs retained on leaf surfaces of broad-leaved and conifer species were 480.61 (52.3%) and 438.91 (47.7%) mg·m为了精确、定量评估植物叶片表面水溶性和非水溶性颗粒物的质量及粒径分布,进一步提高对城市树木大气颗粒物吸滞能力的定量评估精度,本研究以3种阔叶树种(银杏、国槐、垂柳)和2种针叶树种(油松、圆柏)为研究对象,于雨后14 d(降水量15 mm)采集叶样,依次对其进行泡洗+刷洗(WC+BC)、超声清洗(UC),然后对每个清洗步骤下叶片洗脱液进行离心分离,对上清液与沉淀物进行烘干、称量,测定水溶性和非水溶性颗粒物的质量,采用无水乙醇和去离子水对水溶性和非水溶性颗粒物进行溶解,分别测定其粒径分布,并依此计算叶片表面滞纳不同径级水溶性和非水溶性颗粒物的质量.结果表明: 阔叶和针叶树种叶片表面滞纳水溶性、非水溶性颗粒物质量(比例)分别为480.61(52.3%)、438.91(47.7%)和97.93(12.0%)、715.84 mg·m

Biomarkers of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis (OA) remain unknown. The objective was to detect whether molecular biomarkers from peripheral blood leucocytes (PBLs) engage in TMJ OA lesions. Thirty‐four six‐week‐old Sprague Dawley rats were used. The top upregulated gene ontology categories and gene‐fold changes in PBLs were detected by a microarray analysis comparing rats that received 20‐week unilateral anterior crossbite (UAC) treatment with age‐matched controls (n = 4). Twenty weeks of UAC treatment had been reported to induce TMJ OA‐like lesions. The other twenty‐four rats were randomly placed in the UAC and control groups at 12‐ and 20‐week time points (n = 6). The mRNA expression levels of the selected biomarkers derived from the microarray analysis and their protein expression in the alveolar bone and TMJ were detected. The microarray analysis indicated that the three most highly involved genes in PBLs were Egr1, Ephx1 and Il10, which were confirmed by real‐time PCR detection. The increased protein expression levels of the three detected molecules were demonstrated in cartilage and subchondral bone (P

The combined strengthening effect of grain refinement by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) and aging on a wrought Mg-12Gd-3Y-0.5Zr (mass fraction, %) alloy was investigated. The resulting mechanical properties and microstructures were examined by uniaxial tensile test, optical microscope (OM) and transmission electronic microscope (TEM). It is found that ECAP for 4 passes at 673K followed by aging treatment at 523K for 16h is the optimum condition to strengthen the selected alloy Microstructure analysis reveals that precipitates appear at grain boundaries, accompanies by a few precipitates in grain interior after ECAP and aging treatment. By contrast of as-annealed sample, the strength and elongation were improved which revealed that grain boundaries and precipitation hardening were the main contributor to the high tensile strength of the experimental alloy.

Objective To detect the long-term response to unilateral anterior crossbite (UAC) in masticatory muscles and in molecular biomarkers of peripheral blood leukocytes. Design Fifty-six six-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were used. The gene-fold changes in peripheral blood leukocytes were detected by the microarray analysis to compare the rats that received 20-week UAC treatment with age-matched controls (n = 4). Muscle atrophy-related gene Fbxo32 was selected based on the data of the microarray analysis verified by using real-time PCR. The remaining 36 rats were randomly separated in the UAC and control groups at 12 and 20 weeks (n = 12). The protein expression of Fbxo32 and the muscle injury and myogenesis-related markers, αB-crystallin and desmin, were detected in the masseter and lateral pterygoid muscles by western blot assay. Results In the 20-week UAC group, the masseter muscle weight was lower than that in the age-matched control group, and the expression level of Fbxo32 gene in peripheral blood leukocytes was increased according to the microarray analysis confirmed by real-time PCR detection. The increased protein expression levels of Fbxo32 were detected in the masseter in the 20-week UAC group, and the protein expression levels of desmin and αB-crystallin were decreased at this time point. No similar changes were detected in the lateral pterygoid muscle. Conclusions Masseter atrophy is induced by long-term stimulation of UAC. The increased expression of the Fbxo32 gene in peripheral blood leukocytes may be a candidate biological marker of masseter atrophy.

2-Phenyl-1H-indole is an important chemical intermediate in organic syntheses. The solubility of 2-phenyl-1H-indole in fourteen pure organic solvents was measured using the gravimetric method from 289.05 to 338.55 K at normal pressure. The results show that the solubility of 2-phenyl-1H-indole in all the solvents increases as temperature rising. The melting point and fusion enthalpy of 2-phenyl-1H-indole were measured with differential scanning calorimeter. The experimental solubility data were correlated with four thermodynamic models, including modified Apelblat equation, λh equation, Wilson equation and NRTL equation. The best correlation results were found with modified Apelblat equation. The mixing thermodynamic functions (Gibbs free energy, enthalpy and entropy) were calculated based on the Wilson equation. The results showed that the entire mixing process is spontaneous.

C16H14OS, monoclinic, P21 (no. 4), a = 8.1588(5) Å, b = 7.8670(4) Å, c = 10.2161(5) Å, V = 655.70(6) Å3, Z = 2, R gt(F) = 0.0539, wR ref(F 2) = 0.1312, T = 290 K.

A polycrystal plasticity model was developed to analyze the room-temperature deformation behaviors of Mg–3Al–1Zn alloy (AZ31). The uniaxial tension and compression tests at room temperature were conducted using cast and extruded AZ31 rods with different textures and combined with the proposed model to reveal the deformation mechanisms. It is shown that, different flow curves of two specimens under tension and compression tests can be simulated by this model. The flow curves of AZ31 extrusions exhibit different shapes for tension and compression due to different activities of tensile twinning and pyramidal 〈 c + a 〉 slip. The metallographic and TEM observations showed the equal twinning activities at the initial stage in tension and compression tests and the occurrence of pyramidal 〈 c + a 〉 slip in compression of as-cast Mg–3Al–1Zn alloy with increasing the strain, which is consistent with the simulated results by the proposed model.

The solubilities of 2-isopropylthioxanthone (ITX) in methanol, toluene, ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, 1,4-dioxane, and 1,2-dichloroethane were determined at temperatures ranging from (299.15 to 329.85) K under atmospheric pressure by employing the synthetic method. The solid–liquid equilibrium of the mixture was detected by a laser monitoring observation technique and found to increase with an increase in temperature. The experimental solubilities were correlated by the modified Apelblat and λh equations. The modified Apelblat equation fits well with the experimental data with the relative deviation less than 2.86 %. The standard enthalpy and standard entropy of the solution of ITX in different solvents were obtained by van’t Hoff equation together with the modified Apelblat model.

The solid–liquid equilibria of 4-amino-3,6-dichloropyridazine (ADCP) in seven pure organic solvents including methanol, acetone, ethanol, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, 1,4-dioxane, and tetrahydrofuran were determined with the synthetic method from (278.15 to 333.15) K at atmospheric pressure using a laser monitoring observation technique. The measured solubility data increased with the rise of temperature. These solubility data were correlated with two models: the modified Apelblat and λh (Buchowski) equation. The relative deviation of the modified Apelblat equation was no more than 2.1 %, while that of λh equation was less than 4.5 %. Better correlation results were obtained in most solvents with modified Apelblat equation. Furthermore, using van’t Hoff plot, the calculation was performed to obtain the apparent dissolution enthalpy and entropy of the solution of ADCP in these solvents, based on which the apparent dissolution Gibbs free energy change was deduced.

The solubility of isatin in eight pure solvents including dichloromethane, toluene, acetone, ethyl acetate, 1,4-dioxane, N,N-dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, and acetonitrile were determined from (278.15 to 333.15) K at atmospheric pressure using the synthetic method. The solubility was determined by a laser monitoring observation technique and found to increase with the rise of temperature. The experimental solubilities were correlated by four models including the ideal solution model, the modified Apelblat equation, λh (Buchowski) equation, and Wilson models with the overall average percentage deviations less than 0.52% in all cases. Thermodynamic functions of the solution of isatin in these solvents including apparent standard enthalpy and entropy of solution were obtained by van’t Hoff plot, and the apparent standard Gibbs energy change of solution was also calculated.

Using p-methylphenol as a model compound for phenolic hydroxyl groups on silk fibroin, the reaction kinetics of two typical of reactive dyes including vinyl sulfone reactive dyes and monochlorotriazine reactive dyes with phenolic hydroxyl groups were studied by reverse phase ion-pair high-performance liquid chromatography. The results showed that, the reaction rates of monochlorotriazine reactive dyes with phenolic hydroxyl groups were by far faster than those of vinyl sulfone reactive dyes, attributed to the stability of resultants from the former. The optimum reaction conditions for phenolic hydroxyl groups with vinyl sulfone reactive dyes and monochlorotriazine reactive dyes were at 50–70 °C and pH=8–9 for the former, and at 85–95 °C and pH=8–9 for the latter. The methods and results in this paper would help to deeply study the reaction mechanisms of reactive dyes with silk fibroin.

The cement-free binding material, namely geopolymer, is a novel binding material made from solid waste such as fly ash and slag activated by the alkali. In this research, orthogonal tests were carried out on 20 x 20 x 20mm cube paste specimens cured at room temperature to explore the rules of influence factors according to the compressive strength for 3d, 7d and 28d. The results revealed that the ratio of fly ash/slag is the most significant factor, the ratio of water/ (fly ash+ slag), the modulus of alkali activator and the dosage of desulfurized gypsum also play great role in strength development of the binder. The compressive strength of the specimens can be obtained to 65.0 MPa and 51.21MPa at maximum for 28d when the ratios of fly ash/slag are 30/70 and 40/60 respectively.

The solubility of aceclofenac in six pure solvents from (293.35 to 338.25) K was experimentally measured using a synthetic method. The experimental results indicate obviously that the solubility of aceclofenac in the selected solvents increases with elevated temperature. Furthermore, the experimental solubility data were fitted with modified Apelblat and Wilson models. The results show that the data calculated by the two models agree with the measured data with RMSD values of no more than 2.75 %.

The solubilities of 4-amino-3,6-dichloropyridazine (ADCP) in an ethanol + water mixture were determined from (303.15 to 323.15) K with an interval of 2.5 K at atmospheric pressure using the synthetic method with a laser monitoring observation technique. The solubility of ADCP was found to increase with the rise of temperature and the mole fraction of ethanol. The experimental solubilities were regressed with different models including the modified Apelblat equation, combined nearly ideal binary solvent/Redlich–Kister (CNIBS/R-K) model, and the hybrid model. For the six mixture solvents studied, all of the mean percentage deviations with Apelblat equation are less than 1.7 %.

C24H27FN2O9S, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 11.2301(12) Å, b = 11.9074(13) Å, c = 20.738(2) Å, V = 2773.1(5) Å3, Z = 4, R gt(F) = 0.0389, wR ref(F 2) = 0.1022, T = 296(2) K.

The solubilities of (S)-indoline-2-carboxylilc acid (SIn2CA) in six pure solvents including water, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, and 1-butanol were determined from (283.15 to 358.15) K at atmospheric pressure using the synthetic method. The solubility was determined by a laser monitoring observation technique and found to increase with the rise of temperature. The experimental solubilities were correlated by the modified Apelblat and λh (Buchowski) equations with the relative deviation less than 3.65% with the modified Apelblat equation and less than 0.023% with the λh equation. Thermodynamic functions of the solution of SIn2CA in different solvents including apparent dissolution enthalpy and entropy were obtained by van’t Hoff equation, and the apparent dissolution Gibbs free energy change was also calculated.

Thus, convenient synthetic route to CP-690,550 is demanded. In the view of retrosynthesis analysisof CP-690,550, disconnection at the methylamino groupresulted in two fragments: cis-3-methylamino-4-methylpiperi-dine derivative (fragment A) and 4-chloro-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (fragment B) (Scheme 1). The synthesis offragment B was divulged in our previous publication

The effect of atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge plasma treatment on desizing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) on polyester fabric was discussed as compared desizing with alkali through a combination of desizing rate, field scanning electron microscopy and strength test. The dyeing properties of polyester fabrics treated with atmospheric plasma have also been studied. The results show that plasma treatment can improve desizing rate, surface color depth and dye-uptake for polyester fabric.

The morphology of $$ \{ 10\overline{1} 2\} \left\langle {\overline{1} 011} \right\rangle $$ deformation twins formed in commercial purity titanium during an initial pass of equal-channel angular pressing was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The corresponding diffraction patterns show a symmetry line splitting of $$ (10\overline{1} 2) $$ twin boundaries (TB) which is related to the presence of interfacial defects. A simple modeling for the interaction between non-screw a-slip lattice dislocations (Burgers vector b = $$ \frac{1}{3}[\overline{1} \overline{1} 20] $$ ) and the $$ (10\overline{1} 2) $$ twin plane is used according to crystallographic geometry and vector conservation. The results show that dislocation dissociation into different Frank partial dislocations on the interfacial plane is more favorable than its transmission to the other side of the interface. The formation of the Frank partials at the TB can produce a small change in the TB misorientation angle and this is consistent with the symmetry line splitting of the $$ (10\overline{1} 2) $$ twin boundaries observed by TEM.

According to the demanded functions, a novel hardening accelerating and water reducing admixture has been excogitated which is based on a polycarboxylate superplasticizer and cooperated with some other hardening accelerants at the same time, and has many merits such as chloride free、sulfate free、low total alkali content、low dosage、high water reducing rate、high early strength and so on. The performance of this admixture has proved to be outstanding especially in accelerating the early strength of 12 hours and 24 hours age in the concrete tests.

waterborne sodium bisulfite－blocked polyurethane was using polyether diols(N210), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) as the main material, sodium bisulfite as blocking agent, ethanol as the cosolvent. The effect of temperature and time of blocking reaction, alcohol than water were carefully studied. The best process parameter of blocking reaction: the temperature was 20°C; the reaction time was 45min; n(NaHSO3):n(NCO)=1.1; alcohol than water=1.85; the deblocking temperature determined by DSC was about 76～130°C

Kinetic analysis of silicon carbide prepared by carbon-thermal reduction is introduced in this paper. Through the dynamic analysis, kinetic parameters of Si-C are calculated, and it is estimated that the time required reaction materials of different diameter completely converted to SiC at different temperatures. Reaction time is nearly 1 hour long when the reaction particle diameter is 1μm around 1900K.

(S)-Indoline-2-carboxylic acid was synthesized by use of a nitro amination approach with l-phenylalanine as chiral pool. The first step of the synthesis was nitration of l-phenylalanine, with urea nitrate (UN)/H2SO4 as nitrating reagent, to give 2,4-dinitro-l-phenylalanine in 75.7 % yield in one-pot synthesis and 69.1 % yield by step-wise nitration. Intramolecular nitro amination of 2,4-dinitro-l-phenylalanine gave (S)-6-nitro-indoline-2-carboxylic acid in 65.7 % yield and more than 99.5 % enantiomeric excess (ee). The title compound, (S)-indoline-2-carboxylic acid, was obtained in 85.9 % yield and high ee by one-pot transformation of (S)-6-nitroindoline-2-carboxylic acid. The total synthesis consisted of three operations and gave the title compound in 42 % yield and more than 99.5 % ee.

The solubility of 6-chloropyridazin-3-amine in methanol, ethanol, n-butanol, N,N-dimethylformamide, acetone, cyclohexanone, ethyl acetate, and toluene at temperatures ranging from (298.15 to 343.55...

An anti-UV complex coating based on Ti sol for bombyx silk fabric was prepared. The process included using sols prepared by tetrabutyl titanate hydrolysis. The coating for the samples was prepared using the sol-gel method. Data from WAXD and TGA indicated that the properties of treated fabric showed little change when sol was introduced. SEM analysis was carried out to study the morphology of the fibers. Compared with the original sample, the UPF value of the treated sample increased from 31.99 to 213.09 with a high anti-UV performance.

C.I. Reactive Red 195 was used for non-aqueous dyeing in D5 (Decamethyl Cyclopentasiloxane) and appropriate surfactants were selected to ensure the dyes dispersed stably in D5 medium. The feasible method for reactive dyeing in dyes/D5 suspension system was established through repeated experiments. At the same time, taking the color depth (K/S value) as the evaluation index, the process factors in dyeing such as temperature, dyeing duration, pick-up ratio of alkali solution on fabric, as well as the alkali concentration were optimized for setting up dyeing conditions. The results showed that, the dye up-take could reach nearly 100% without any salt as accelerating agent. Since just a little water was used in the process, hydrolysis of reactive dyes was restrained, fixing rate was increased, and the apparent color depth of the dyed sample was much better than traditional water bath dyeing. The washing fastness and rubbing fastness of samples dyed in dyes/D5 system were satisfactory.

A temperature-sensitive N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) grafted cotton fabric was prepared by the plasma-induced graft polymerization technique. The surface morphology of the grafted fabric was observed from field scanning electron microscopy (FSEM). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and DSC were used to characterize the structure and thermal property of the grafted fabric. The results showed that the PNIPAAm was grafted onto cotton fabrics. The DSC analysis results indicated that LCST value of the grafted fabric was around 32 °C. The water permeation flux of the grafted fabric varied dramatically with a slight change at temperature around the LCST, which showed that the grafted PNIPAAm could act effectively as a chemical valve to control the on-off behavior of cotton fabrics.

This study presents an experimental investigation of the relationship between liquid surface tension and fabrics water retention in dehydration processes such as centrifuging, line drying and heat drying. Selected surfactants were used to prepare wash baths with different surface tension, and dehydrating experiments of cotton fabric after immersion in above bath were conducted. The results showed that lower surface tension is beneficial to reducing fabrics water retention by centrifuging and improving line drying efficiency and heat drying efficiency. It was assumed that water with low surface tension is easy to drop down or separate from fabric, thus improving the de-watering and drying efficiency.

During the transmission of ultrasound, its great directionality, ubiquitous penetration and the ability to strengthen the diffusion, exchange and transfer of matter can help the treating fluid reach the crossing points of silk fabric. And the function of ultrasonic wave can make use of acoustic cavitation effect to produce impact on sericin layer at the crossing point, thus promoting the fragmentation and separation of sericin, improving the removal efficiency of sericin at crossing points and achieving uniform silk fiber degumming. The function of ultrasonic wave can cut down the time of process and avoid the damage of fibroin through controlling the temperature and dose of chemical agent.

In order to understand the effect of laundering by detergent containing bleaches on cotton fabrics, two detergents with and without bleaches were used during laundering, and the changes in structures and properties of cotton fabrics were investigated after laundering. The structure of the cotton before and after laundering was evaluated by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and field scanning electron microscopy (FSEM). Meanwhile, the tensile strength, copper number and dyeing properties of cotton fabric have been studied for evaluating the chemical damage. The results showed that the damage of fabric laundering by detergents containing bleaches is more serious than that by detergents without bleaches. FTIR and copper number results revealed that the C-6 hydroxyl groups of the glucose repeating unit of cellulose were oxidized. XRD, FSEM and dyeing results indicated that the cotton fabrics have been damaged during laundering with detergents containing bleaches.

A mesoscopic crystalline model was proposed to quantitatively analyze the relative activities of deformation modes involved in the plastic deformation of an AZ31 magnesium alloy at room temperature. The plastic response of a cast AZ31 magnesium alloy with random texture can be well predicted by this model. It is demonstrated that the remarkable difference of relative activities of pyramidal slip should be attributed to the different strain hardening behavior in tension and compression. Further TEM micrographs shows the occurrence of pyramidal slip in compression, which confirms the validity of the proposed model.

The performance of heat transfer coefficient, wicking and water vapour permeability (WVP) of cotton fabric were tested after adding amino-functional silicone softening agent in simulating process of home laundry. Meanwhile, the experiment of line drying of fabric soaked in water after spinning was designed to study the impact of soft nursing care on drying efficiency of fabric. The result showed that with the amino-functional silicone softening agent added, handle was improved obviously. With the concentration of softening agent increasing, WVP of fabric increased, while heat transfer coefficient had the opposite result. Wicking effect increased slowly at the beginning and decreased sharply later. It was found that soft nursing care improved the drying efficiency.

In this paper, temperature-sensitive PET fabrics were prepared by Ar-plasma-induced simultaneous grafting Ploy-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAAm) onto PET fabric. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to identify the structure of the grafted fabric. Then the surface morphology of the grafted fabric was observed from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and AFM. The results show that the PNIPAAm was grafted onto PET fabrics, respectively. The grafted PET fabrics are characterized by differential scanning calorimetric analysis (DSC). The DSC analysis results indicated that LCST value of the grafted fabric was around 32°C. And the water permeability of the grafted sample showed a sharp change around 32°C. It was proved that grafted fabric was sensitive to temperature.

This experiment selected a new kind of environmental media (D5) instead of using water on the dyeing of PET, this work provided a new method for non-aqueous dyeing. The effects of the water addition, temperature, dyeing time and reagents on adsorption amount of disperse dye were studied, one good dyeing process is, adding 0.5mL water and 0.3mL ethanol into 20mL D5 system, the temperature of dyeing was 130°C, the preservation time of dyeing was 60min.

To develop a superplastic damper, the mechanical properties of the superplastic Zn-22Al alloy differently processed are studied by the test, at room temperature. It is indicated that the alloy at the air cooling after rolling processing has better mechanical properties at room temperature, such as higher ductility and lower work-hardening, which is very useful to a seismic damper.

Surface modification of the dyed polyester was performed by the combination of escaping electron-beam atmospheric pressure glow discharge plasma (APGDP) and softener was studied. Apparent depth was tested and the morphological change along the fiber was observed and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Experimental results indicate that surfaces of the treated PET become rougher and have visible traces of etched, and the apparent depth are also significant increased. These results show that: deepening effect of PET is improved clearly and being a good durability.

To develop a superplastic damping device, the mechanical properties and superplastic capability of Zn-22Al alloy with a large size in the rolled samples were investigated. It is indicated that the alloy with a large size has some advantage properties, such as high ductility, low yield stress and low work hardening at room temperature, which is very useful to a seismic damper.