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Coumarin-based derivatives have easy modification and tunable properties and have been synthesized and applied in many areas including pro-drugs, biomedical materials, and chemical and biological sensing. In this review, recent advances of coumarin-based fluorescent probes for biosensing are reported for metal ion imaging. Metal detection in living cells are highlighted with representative examples together with fluorescence response mechanisms such as Photoinduced Electron Transfer (PET), Intramolecular Charge Transfer (ICT), and Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET). Some future perspectives are also briefly mentioned.

A Cayley (di)graph $Cay(G,S)$ of a group $G$ with respect to a subset $S$ of $G$ is called normal if the right regular representation of $G$ is a normal subgroup in the full automorphism group of $Cay(G,S)$, and is called a CI-(di)graph if for every $T\subseteq G$, $Cay(G,S)\cong Cay(G,T)$ implies that there is $\sigma\in Aut(G)$ such that $S^\sigma=T$. We call a group $G$ a NDCI-group if all normal Cayley digraphs of $G$ are CI-digraphs, and a NCI-group if all normal Cayley graphs of $G$ are CI-graphs, respectively. In this paper, we prove that a cyclic group of order $n$ is a NDCI-group if and only if $8\nmid n$, and is a NCI-group if and only if either $n=8$ or $8\nmid n$., Comment: 11 pages

A Cayley (di)graph $Cay(G,S)$ of a group $G$ with respect to $S$ is said to be normal if the right regular representation of $G$ is normal in the automorphism group of $Cay(G,S)$, and is called a CI-(di)graph if there is $\alpha\in Aut(G)$ such that $S^\alpha=T$, whenever $Cay(G,S)\cong Cay(G,T)$ for a Cayley (di)graph $Cay(G,T)$. A finite group $G$ is called a DCI-group or a NDCI-group if all Cayley digraphs or normal Cayley digraphs of $G$ are CI-digraphs, and is called a CI-group or a NCI-group if all Cayley graphs or normal Cayley graphs of $G$ are CI-graphs, respectively. Motivated by a conjecture proposed by \'Ad\'am in 1967, CI-groups and DCI-groups have been actively studied during the last fifty years by many researchers in algebraic graph theory. It takes about thirty years to obtain the classification of cyclic CI-groups and DCI-groups, and recently, the first two authors, among others, classified cyclic NCI-groups and NDCI-groups. Even though there are many partial results on dihedral CI-groups and DCI-groups, their classification is still elusive. In this paper, we prove that a dihedral group of order $2n$ is a NCI-group or a NDCI-group if and only if $n=2,4$ or $n$ is odd. As a direct consequence, we have that if a dihedral group $D_{2n}$ of order $2n$ is a DCI-group then $n=2$ or $n$ is odd-square-free, and that if $D_{2n}$ is a CI-group then $n=2,9$ or $n$ is odd-square-free, throwing some new light on classification of dihedral CI-groups and DCI-groups., Comment: 15

Owing to its easy functionalization, many structurally and functionally diverse and versatile multi-valent derivatives of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene (Cl6Cpz) have been prepared with the same or different substituents. These derivatives possess unique properties such as biochemically specific cooperativity and multiple functions/activities and have broad applications in many areas, including chemical and biological recognitions, sensing, imaging, flame retardation, catalysis, and biocompatible materials. For applications in sensing and bioimaging, Cl6Cpz has been frequently modified with various fluorophores and moieties with specific recognition sites for fluorescent sensing. Owing to such potential applications in many disciplines, this review focuses on the design and development of Cl6Cpz-based derivatives for a) fluorescent sensing of various targets and recognition of small molecules and metal ions, b) applications in analytical, biological, medicinal, theranostic, and environmental domains, c) metal-mediated biomimetic recognition and catalysis, and d) some potential future applications. Some experimental designs, metal and molecular recognitions/interactions, and coordination chemistry of metal ions are critically assessed and future perspectives discussed which are expected to guide and foster potential applications of Cpz-based derivatives for sensing/detection of specific molecules, metal ions, and other ions, carrying and delivering of drugs and bioactive products, metal-mediated recognition and catalysis, and energy sustainability and environmental conservation and protection.

Cutting chatter is a complexly phenomena of dynamic instability in mechanical processing process, scholars have done lots of researchs about it[1]. This paper has deduced the kinematics differential equation and limit cutting width of regenerative cutting chatter, analyzed the influence of dynamic parameters on the stability of cutting system. Simulation of time signal on cutting chatter is modeled through Matlab Use mathematical method[2] to obtain numerical value of limit cutting width.

Background Refractory globus is not rare in clinical practice, but little research about it. Aims To investigate the clinical-psychological characteristics of patients with refractory globus. Methods Six hundred and nineteen globus patients were divided into the refractory globus group (n = 149) and the non-refractory globus group (n = 470). All subjects completed the following questionnaires: demographic characteristics, medical information, Hamilton Rating Scale of Anxiety/Depression, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Glasgow Edinburgh Throat Scale, and 36-item Short Form Health Survey. Results No significantly differences were found in demographic characteristics between the two groups, but the refractory globus group had longer disease duration and more serious symptoms. Sought healthcare more frequently but still had poorer quality of life than did the non-refractory globus group. Compared with the non-refractory globus group, the refractory globus group also had higher percentages of anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders. Positive correlations were observed between the severity of globus symptoms and HAMA, HAMD, and PSQI scores. Conclusions Refractory globus is not rare in clinical practice and should receive more attention from patients and doctors because of its severe symptoms, long disease duration, poor quality of life, and accompanied by psychological disorders and sleep disorders.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of a Chinese herbal formula MG in ameliorating estrogen deficiency bone loss.