Search

The intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO) is a useful technique for mandibular setback surgery. However, there is a tendency for lateral flaring of the proximal segments on the non-deviation side after the correction of mandibular asymmetry with this technique. The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the positional changes of the proximal segments after IVRO setback in skeletal class III patients with asymmetry, using preoperative and postoperative computed tomography scan data, and to apply the results in clinical practice. A total of 28 skeletal class III patients with asymmetry who underwent bimaxillary orthognathic surgery were included. A three-dimensional cone beam computed tomography scan was obtained preoperative, at 1month postoperative, and at 1year postoperative. At 1month after the surgery, the proximal segments showed an outward rotation, lateral flaring, and anterior rotation of the condylar head. All postsurgical directional changes had returned to the preoperative state at 1year postoperative, and there was no statistically significant difference in postoperative angulation changes between the two sides. The results showed no statistical differences in the positional changes of the proximal segments between the deviation and non-deviation sides. This study reaffirms the benefits of the IVRO for a minimal bony interference between the proximal and distal segments in three dimensions, including mandibular asymmetry cases.

Objective This study aimed to analyze the correlation of horizontal and sagittal planes used in two-dimensional diagnosis with lip canting by using threedimensional (3D) analysis. Methods Fifty-two patients (25 men, 27 women; average age: 24 years) undergoing treatment for dentofacial deformity were enrolled. Computed tomography images were acquired, and digital imaging and communication in medicine files were reconstructed into a 3D virtual model wherein horizontal and sagittal craniofacial planes were measured. Subsequently, the correlations of lip canting with these horizontal and sagittal planes were investigated. Results The mandibular symmetry plane, the occlusal plane, Camper's plane, the mandibular plane, Broadbent's plane, and the nasal axis plane were correlated with the amount of lip canting (Pearson's correlation coefficients: 0.761, 0.648, 0.556, 0.526, 0.438, and 0.406, respectively). Planes associated with the lower part of the face showed the strongest correlations; the strength of the correlations decreased in the midfacial and cranial regions. None of the planes showed statistically significant differences between patients with clinical lip canting (> 3°) and those without prominent lip canting. Conclusions The findings of this study suggest that lip canting is strongly correlated with the mandibular symmetry plane, which includes menton deviation. This finding may have clinical implications with regard to the treatment of patients requiring correction of lip canting. Further studies are necessary for evaluating changes in lip canting after orthognathic surgery.

Denosumab (Dmab) has been suggested as a first-line therapy for osteoporotic patients. However, a standardized protocol for the prevention of Dmab induced medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) has not yet been established. Thus, we investigated the factors that can affect Dmab induced MRONJ (DRONJ) to elucidate the relationship between invasive dental treatment and Dmab administration in patients who underwent Dmab and invasive dental treatment (especially tooth extraction) between October 2016 and March 2020. Four of the 98 patients developed MRONJ before and after tooth extraction. Two out of 4 patients developed MRONJ regardless of invasive treatment after Dmab administration and proceeded with extraction, and one patient developed DRONJ after Dmab administration and extraction. The other patient underwent a tooth extraction without osteoporosis treatment, and spontaneous DRONJ developed after Dmab administration. All MRONJ/DRONJ cases reported in this study show that MRONJ/DRONJ can develop as chronic inflammation without invasive dental treatment, therefore, implementing preventive dental treatment before initiating Dmab treatment is necessary to reduce the likelihood of DRONJ.

Denosumab has been suggested as a first-line therapy for osteoporotic patients. However, a standardized protocol for the prevention of denosumab induced medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) has not yet been established. The purpose of this study was to report denosumab induced MRONJ cases, and investigate the factors affecting the occurrence of MRONJ in patients who underwent denosumab and invasive dental treatment (especially tooth extraction) between October 2016 and March 2020. Four of the 98 patients developed MRONJ before and after tooth extraction. The participants were divided into two groups: receiving only denosumab (n = 51) and receiving bisphosphonate as first treatment and denosumab as second treatment (n = 47). There was no significant difference between groups in the occurrence of MRONJ and factors affecting MRONJ. Two out of 4 patients developed MRONJ regardless of invasive treatment after denosumab administration and proceeded with extraction; one patient developed MRONJ after denosumab administration and extraction. The other patient underwent a tooth extraction without osteoporosis treatment, and non-identified MRONJ developed after denosumab administration. MRONJ cases reported in this study show that MRONJ can develop as chronic inflammation without invasive dental treatment; therefore, implementing preventive dental treatment before initiating denosumab treatment is necessary to reduce the occurrence of MRONJ.

The aim of this study was to identify the clinicolaboratory predictors of relative blood loss (RBL) during orthognathic surgery and determine the need for predeposit autologous blood donation (PABD) for the surgery. Using a retrospective study design, 297 patients who underwent bimaxillary orthognathic surgery between 2016 and 2020 were enrolled. To investigate patient-specific risk factors, we calculated the allowable blood loss (ABL) for each patient and RBL as the ratio of estimated intraoperative blood loss (EiBL) to ABL. The correlations between the clinico-laboratory variables and EiBL and RBL were analyzed using stepwise multivariate regression analysis, and independent t test and one-way ANOVA were performed.There was no significant difference in transfusion rate between the PABD group (N = 202/279) and non-PABD group (N = 77/279) ( P = 0.052). Sex ( P 0.001), body mass index class ( P = 0.001), operative time ( P 0.001), and baseline hematocrit ( P 0.001) were significant predictors of EIBL and RBL. EIBL exceeded ABL in only 2 patients. The significant factors of RBL in orthognathic surgery were hematocrit, body mass index, and operative time. Clinicians should be more careful about bleeding in patients with low baseline hematocrit level or high body mass index, or those expected to undergo prolonged surgeries owing to a complicated surgical plan. The need for PABD before orthognathic surgery is low.

Titanium nitride (TiN) - graphene (G) nanocomposites are promising for electrochemical charge storage where a high content of Ti species is desired. Herein, we propose an effective method for the preparation of TiN-G nanocomposites with a high concentration of Ti species. These nanocomposites can be successfully achieved through a further deposition of Ti on Ti-graphene oxide (GO) or a thermally exfoliated Ti-GO. Depending on the annealing condition employed (NH3 and N2), two types of TiN-G nanocomposites (NH3 annealing for TiN/G and TiN/G-TE, TE: thermal exfoliation) and a TiO2-G nanocomposite (N2 annealing for TiO2/G-TE) were prepared. These nanocomposites were then investigated for potential application as an electrochemical supercapacitor. Compare with TiO2/G-TE, the TiN-G nanocomposites both exhibited a higher specific capacitance, although one of these nanocomposites had a lower surface area than TiO2/G-TE. Among the nanocomposites prepared, TiN/G-TE delivered the best electrochemical performance. The relationship between the physical properties and the capacitive performance of the nanocomposites were systematically evaluated.

Objectives The treatment of ameloblastoma, an odontogenic epithelial tumour destroying jawbone, mainly depends on radical destructive resections. Other therapeutic options are limited by the characteristics of ameloblastoma, such as high recurrence rates and resistance to radiation and chemotherapy, which implies possible existence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in ameloblastoma. Here, we identified a putative CSC population in immortalized and primary human ameloblastoma cells and examined possible therapeutic reagents to reduce the CSC population. Methods We investigated subpopulations of AM‐1 cell line and human ameloblastoma cells using immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry and the effects of Wnt signalling activators on the 2‐ and 3‐dimensional cultured ameloblastoma cells using molecular biological analyses. Result Among heterogenous ameloblastoma cells, small‐sized and round‐shaped cells were found to be proliferative and expressed a marker of dental epithelial stem cells, SRY‐box 2 (Sox2). Exogenous activation of Wnt signalling using glycogen synthase kinase 3β inhibitors, lithium chloride (LiCl) and valproic acid (VPA), increased the cell size and decreased proliferation of cells and expression of Sox2 in 2 dimensionally cultured AM‐1 and human primary ameloblastoma cells. Furthermore, the growth of 3 dimensionally cultured AM‐1 cells as suspended or embedded in gel was suppressed by treatment with Wnt signalling activators, VPA and CHIR99021, or antibodies to sclerostin, an antagonist of Wnt signalling. Conclusion We suggest that Wnt signalling activators are potential drug candidates to suppress CSCs in ameloblastoma., Ameloblastoma, a benign tumour of the odontogenic epithelium, presents significant recurrence rates and resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which compel patients to undergo radical resections, potentially causing surgical morbidity. In this study, we found that the exogenous activation of Wnt signalling using antibody (α‐SOST antibody) or chemicals (LiCl, VPA or CHIR9902) increases β‐catenin (β‐cat) in ameloblastoma, leading to an increase in β‐cathigh and Sox2‐ cells and decrease in β‐catlow and Sox2+ cells, the putative cancer stem cells (CSCs). This change of sub‐population in ameloblastoma results in the suppression of spheroid‐forming activity and invasiveness. The results suggest that Wnt signalling activators may serve as potential drug candidates to suppress CSCs in ameloblastoma.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the postoperative safety and long-term stability of bimaxillary orthognathic patients with postponed maxillomandibular fixation (MMF) after intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy.A total of 61 patients (21 male and 40 female patients; average age [SD], 21.7 [4.7]) were enrolled. All patients underwent maxillary LeFort I osteotomy and bilateral intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy for mandibular prognathism. During the hospital stay, postoperative airway compromise was observed and patients underwent MMF with wire at the second postoperative day. Stability was evaluated by measuring the position at each period: preoperative (T0), 2-day postoperative (T1), and 1-year postoperative.Postoperative dyspnea and respiratory distress were absent in all patients. The mean number of refixations in physiotherapy was 0.62 (0.86) and the mean duration of physiotherapy was 11.6 (5.5) days. The mean amount of mandibular setback was 12.56 (5.76) mm and menton movement 0.98 (2.36) mm superiorly (T1). The mean mandibular relapse at Pog was 0.87 (1.96) mm anteriorly. Menton showed 1.11 (1.41) mm superiorly movement 1-year postoperatively (T2).Despite its many advantages, intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy requires a period of MMF which can lead to early discomfort and airway-related emergency. In this study, the physiotherapy procedure and postoperative long-term stability in the postponed MMF group were not different from those of an immediate MMF group studied previously. It therefore constitutes a viable option for oral breathers and other compromised patients.

Carbon-supported hollow PdCu2@Pt core@shell nanoparticles with ordered intermetallic cores were prepared as an efficient and durable oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalyst for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). PdCu2 cores prepared using a chemical reduction method were thermally treated to produce ordered intermetallic structures. A Pt shell was then deposited via a galvanic displacement process. The effect of the galvanic displacement conditions on the properties and structure of the obtained core–shell nanoparticles was investigated by varying the solution pH and anion concentration. Acidic conditions and low Cl− concentrations were found to provide a uniform Pt layer with a hollow core, while maintaining the ordered intermetallic core structure. These hollow PdCu2@Pt core@shell nanoparticles showed high activity and stability for ORR electrocatalysis in PEMFCs.

The aim of this study was to analyze factors affecting treatment times in patients treated with the surgery-first approach (SFA) for orthognathic surgery. Fifty skeletal class III patients who had undergone SFA bimaxillary orthognathic surgery were enrolled. Retrospective chart reviews and analysis of 3D CT and digitally scanned casts were conducted to assess the total treatment time. Statistical analysis was then performed with multiple study variables. Longer treatment times were required for patients with severe maxillary or mandibular teeth crowding (p = 0.009), a preoperative anterior open bite (p = 0.021), and those undergoing orthodontic extractions (p &lt, 0.001). Longer treatment times were also observed when setting surgical occlusion in the postoperative anterior open bite (p = 0.007) and in patients with postoperative dental midline deviation (p &lt, 0.001) and transverse maxillary deficiencies (p = 0.035). Treatment times were shorter when a class I molar key was formed in the surgical occlusion setup (p = 0.002) and in bilateral anterior and posterior occlusion with a minimum of four contact points (p &lt, 0.001). The number of contact points, the number of extracted teeth, and postoperative midline deviation were identified as significant predictors. These results suggest that proper patient selection is important when considering SFA and that surgeons can reduce total treatment time with an appropriate surgical occlusion setup.

Managing medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) around a dental implant can be difficult. Although conservative treatment of MRONJ is recommended as the first-line form of management, many patients exhibit no improvement. The human recombinant parathyroid hormone teriparatide has recently been introduced for the management of MRONJ. Teriparatide is effective in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis and is the only US Food and Drug Administration–approved anabolic agent that directly affects osteoblast function and contributes to bone remodeling. Herein we describe a case of MRONJ in an 85-year-old woman who was successfully treated with teriparatide. Teriparatide was administered once per week without any surgical interventions such as a sequestrectomy. Compared with most recently reported cases involving daily treatment with teriparatide, once-weekly administration of teriparatide may minimize side effects and patient discomfort. Once-weekly teriparatide application without sequestrectomy may be effective in the management of MRONJ around a dental implant.

The effect of anti-resorptive drug (ARD) usage among patients with successful dental implant osseointegration is controversial. This study showed an increased risk of implant failure in ARD users. Risk factors included pre-existing marginal bone loss, overdenture, diabetes, and a short interval between implant placement and ARD administration. This retrospective study aimed to determine whether anti-resorptive drug (ARD) usage increased risk of implant failure among patients with successful implant osseointegration. Additionally, the study investigated risk factors that affected implant survival rate in ARD users. Eighty ARD users with 344 implants who had more than 12 months of follow-up from the initiation of ARD treatment during the period between 2008 and 2017 were included, along with 80 non-ARD users from the same period. The primary outcome was dental implant survival. Kaplan–Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazard models were used for survival analysis. Average follow-up was 85.3 months. Implant survival rates were 89.83% in ARD users and 96.03% in non-ARD users. In the univariate Cox proportional hazard model, risk of implant failure was significantly higher in patients with pre-existing marginal bone loss (MBL), diabetes, and concurrent bone augmentation. However, risk of implant failure was significantly lower when the interval between implant placement and ARD administration was

Reducing the cost of state-of-the-art Pt electrocatalysts while maintaining their oxygen reduction performance is always a hotspot in fuel cell research owing to their significant economic benefit for the commercialization of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. Herein, we report a simple and cost-effective synthesis of Pt–Pd catalysts and a systematic study of their characteristics and catalytic performances for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Pt–Pd bimetallic catalysts were prepared by a simple chemical deposition of Pt on the surface of Pd particles using a commercial Pd/C catalyst. During the synthesis, Pt precursor was reduced, and Pt layers were preferentially overgrown on the surface of the preexisting Pd particles resulting in Pd@Pt core–shell particles, which are favorable for ORR. By varying Pt precursors and the amount of Pt deposited, the physicochemical and electrochemical properties of the Pt–Pd catalysts were optimized. The formation of a thin Pt layer on Pd surface is more favorable, when using Pt(NH3)4Cl2·xH2O rather than H2PtCl6·xH2O. As the amount of Pt increased from 0 to 10%, the surface properties of metal particles changed to similar to that of Pt, and the resulting catalysts mainly consist of a Pt-rich layer with a Pd core such as the Pd@Pt core–shell configuration. Pt(10%)Pd/C catalyst prepared by using Pt(NH3)4Cl2·xH2O exhibited a significant improvement in the ORR with the mass activities of 221 and 53 mA/mgPGM at 0.85 and 0.9 V, respectively, which are beatable values compared to those (219 and 59 mA/mgPt at 0.85 and 0.9 V) of commercial Pt/C catalysts. The performance improvement of our bimetallic Pt–Pd/C catalysts mainly originate from the formation of an active Pt surface on the Pd core. In addition, considering that Pd is generally less expensive than Pt, these catalysts should have much better ORR performance and more feasibility of decreasing the total cost of fuel cells. In this study, the characteristics, electrochemical behaviors, and ORR performance improvements of the simply prepared Pt(x)–Pd/C core–shell catalysts were systemically investigated and are discussed.

The aim of this work was to analyse the stability of vertical height reduction genioplasty using biodegradable material, as well as to determine vertical changes of hard and soft tissues during this procedure. Forty patients underwent vertical height reduction genioplasty using two types of biodegradable fixation (Biosorb FX® or OSTEOTRANS-MX®), combined with mandibular setback surgery. We assessed lateral cephalographs over time (pre-operation; immediately post-operation; 3 months, 6 months and 12 months post-operation). We found a mean vertical difference of 0.22mm (standard deviation (SD)=0.49mm) at the menton point immediately post-operation, compared with 12 months post-operation. And there was no statistical significance(P>0.05). The chin hard tissue remained stable from the immediate post-operation period to 1 year post-operation, and the chin soft tissue remained stable from 3 months to 1 year post-operation. The regression equation describing the replacement of hard tissue with soft tissue change, between pre-operation and 12 months post-operation is y=0.590x+0.885 (R2=0.300, P

Important aspects of orthognathic surgery are the effects of skeletal movement and changes in the position of the hyoid bone, tongue, soft palate, and dimensions of the pharyngeal airway. Our aims were to evaluate the 3-dimensional changes in the pharyngeal airway and in the position of the hyoid bone after mandibular setback in 30 patients who were diagnosed with mandibular prognathism and were treated by intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO). Three-dimensional cone-beam computed tomographic (CT) images were obtained preoperatively, one month postoperatively, and one year postoperatively. The total pharyngeal volume decreased between the preoperative state and one month and one year afterwards. The hyoid bone had moved 2.0 mm posteriorly and 3.15 mm superiorly by one month postoperatively. The position of the hyoid bone was affected by changes in posterior and superior movement of the B point at one month (r = 0.44, p = 0.015 and R = 0.63, p = 0.000, respectively) and also by superior movement of the B point at one year (r = 0.57, p = −0.001). There was an advantageous relation between posterior positional changes in the B point (mandibular setback), and volumetric changes in the hypopharyngeal and total pharyngeal airway, so maxillofacial surgeons should consider the reduction in airway when planning excessive mandibular setback.

Some clinicians are concerned that if an intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO) is used to position the mandible posteriorly, the proximal segments should be positioned laterally to the distal segment, which could increase the transverse mandibular width, leading to esthetically unfavorable results. This study investigated short- and long-term postoperative transverse mandibular width changes in the soft and hard tissue after IVRO for mandibular prognathism.The study comprised 44 patients who were treated with mandibular setback surgery using an IVRO. They were categorized into either the facial symmetry group or facial asymmetry group based on their preoperative levels of chin top deviation. Three-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography images were obtained at the preoperative, 1-month postoperative, and 12-month postoperative stages, designated as T1, T2, and T3, respectively. We set hard tissue width 1 (HW1) and hard tissue width 2 (HW2) as the sum of the distance at the bilateral ends of the angle and ramus, respectively, and set soft tissue width 1 (SW1) and soft tissue width 2 (SW2) as the sum of the distance at the bilateral ends of the soft tissue angle and ramus, respectively.Compared with the value at T1, the HW1 value increased by 8.16% (P .05) and HW2 increased by 4.39% (P .05) at T2; HW1 increased by 4.35% (P .05) and HW2 increased by 2.95% (P .05) at T3. Compared with the value at T1, the SW1 value increased by 2.49% and SW2 increased by 2.50% at T2; however, SW1 decreased by 0.85% and SW2 increased by 0.37% at T3. The soft tissue variations between T1 and T2, as well as between T2 and T3, were statistically significant. However, no significant difference was found between T1 and T3 (P .05). No difference between the facially symmetrical and asymmetrical groups was found over time for soft and hard tissues (P .05).Notably, IVRO does not seem to impact the transverse facial profile and enables reliable prediction of the esthetic results of surgery.

Pt-transition metal alloy catalysts with an active Pt surface have exceptional properties for use in oxygen electro-reduction reactions in fuel cells. Herein, we report the simple synthesis of dealloyed PtCu catalysts and their catalytic performance in oxygen reduction. The dealloyed PtCu catalysts consisted of a Pt-enriched shell with a Pt–Cu alloy core and were synthesized through a chemical co-reduction process followed by thermal annealing and chemical dealloying. During synthesis, thermal annealing leads to a high degree of formation of PtCu alloy particles (e.g., PtCu or PtCu 3 ), and chemical dealloying causes selective dissolution of unstable Cu species from the surface layers of the PtCu alloy particles, resulting in a PtCu alloy@Pt-enriched surface core–shell configuration. Our PtCu 3 /C catalyst exhibits a great improvement in the oxygen reduction reaction with a mass activity of 0.501 A/mg Pt , which is 2.24 times greater than that of a commercial Pt catalyst. In this article, the synthesis details, characteristics and performance improvements in ORR of chemically dealloyed PtCu catalysts are systemically explained.

In the present work, we have accomplished morphology-controlled synthesis of ternary Pt–Pd–Cu alloy nanoparticles, particularly for efficient electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reactions. By controlling over the degree of galvanic displacement at room temperature, we selectively introduced porous and hollow architectures into Pt-decorated Pd–Cu alloy nanoparticles. Porous morphology was accompanied with partially facilitated Pt substitution reaction while hollow shape was exclusively achieved when the galvanic reaction was coupled with additional pre-treatment process which could eventually make the following displacement reaction more facile. Not only the both porous and hollow Pt@PdCu/C catalysts exhibited enhanced ORR performances compared to commercial Pt/C, but also they displayed outstanding durability. In addition, we investigated the alloying effects between Pt and Pd–Cu composite and the presumable influences of lattice strain through preliminary theoretical calculation to account for the enhanced ORR efficiency and durability of the present catalysts.

In the present work, a facile method for the preparation of nanocomposite adsorbents composed of carbon and iron compounds was demonstrated. The adsorbents were produced by pyrolyzing an iron-coordinated 1,8-diaminonaphthalene at various temperatures under an N2 stream (FeDN X, where X represents the pyrolysis temperatures 600, 700, and 800 °C). Prepared FeDNs were employed as adsorbents for the removal of Cr (VI). The Cr (VI)-adsorption behavior of FeDNs were well-fitted to a Langmuir isotherm model. Among the samples prepared, FeDN 700 showed the best performance for the removal of Cr (VI). In particular, the maximum adsorption capacity of FeDN 700 was evaluated to be 34.81 mg/g. A variety of characterizations were carried out to elucidate the relationship between physical properties of adsorbents and their adsorption behaviors.

Purpose The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of an active physical therapy (PT) protocol after transoral vertical ramus osteotomy and to investigate the rehabilitation patterns of mandibular movement. Materials and Methods The study included 187 patients diagnosed with mandibular prognathism with or without facial asymmetry who had undergone bilateral transoral vertical ramus osteotomy from 2001 to 2009. The subjects were evaluated preoperatively and 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months postoperatively in terms of the periods of PT and range of mandibular movement. The data were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance (significance level, P Results Of the 187 patients, 108 (57.8%) did not receive repeat intermaxillary fixation (IMF) during the PT period, 58 (31.0%) received it once, 15 (8.0%) twice, and 6 patients more than 3 times. The average PT period for all was 10.9 days (range 5 to 45). The mean maximal mouth opening was 50.7 mm before surgery, decreasing to 33.9 mm at 1 month postoperatively. This was followed by an increase to 46.3 mm at 6 months postoperatively, with the maximal mouth opening thereafter showing 93.9% to 95.7% recovery compared with the preoperative state. Conclusions About 88% of the patients with transoral vertical ramus osteotomy responded well to the reduced IMF duration and active PT protocols, receiving repeat IMF less than twice. It required about 6 months to recover 90% of the preoperative maximal mouth opening and 12 months to recover near preoperative levels statistically. The benefits of reduced IMF duration and the PT protocols seem to promote rehabilitation of the masticatory muscles and prevention of mandibular hypomobility.

The treatment of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains controversial. This study reviews the authors' experience of treating OSCC, evaluates the oncologic outcome and assesses the factors affecting local/regional recurrence. A retrospective analysis of 110 consecutive OSCC patients treated primarily by surgery and/or postoperative radiotherapy was carried out. 82% of patients had advanced disease (stage III or IV). The 5-year overall survival and disease specific survival rates (DSSR) were 58% and 65%, respectively. The DSSR of the soft palate or posterior pharyngeal wall, tonsillar area, and base of tongue were 80%, 62%, and 51%, respectively (P

We demonstrate a new technique that is useful for precompressing and holding mandibular angle fractures by means of new reduction forceps. The forceps were designed for application in the mandibular angle area via a transoral approach.