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Purpose: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) significantly contribute to tumor progression and the development of resistance to therapies across a range of malignancies, notably breast cancer. This study aims to elucidate the specific role and prognostic relevance of CALU across multiple cancer types. Patients and Methods: The association between CALU expression and prognosis, along with clinical characteristics in BRCA, HNSC, KIRP, LGG, and LIHC, was analyzed using data from the TCGA, GTEx, and GEO databases. Transcriptomic analysis of TCGA BRCA project data provided insights into the interaction between CALU and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker genes. Using TIMER and TISCH databases, the correlation between CALU expression and tumor microenvironment infiltration was assessed, alongside an evaluation of CALU expression across various cell types. Furthermore, CALU's influence on TNBC BRCA cell lines was explored, and its expression in tumor tissues was confirmed through immunohistochemical analysis of clinical samples. Results: This study revealed a consistent upregulation of CALU across several tumor types, including BRCA, KIRP, LIHC, HNSC, and LGG, with elevated CALU expression being associated with unfavorable prognoses. CALU expression was particularly enhanced in clinical contexts linked to poor outcomes. Genomic analysis identified copy number alterations as the principal factor driving CALU overexpression. Additionally, a positive correlation between CALU expression and CAF infiltration was observed, along with its involvement in the EMT process in both CAFs and malignant cells. In vitro experiments demonstrated that CALU is highly expressed in TNBC-BRCA cell lines, and knockdown of CALU effectively reversed EMT progression and inhibited cellular migration. Immunohistochemical analysis of clinical samples corroborated the elevated expression of CALU in tumors, along with alterations in EMT markers. Conclusion: This comprehensive pan-cancer analysis underscores CALU's critical role in modulating the tumor microenvironment and facilitating cell migration via the EMT pathway, identifying it as a potential therapeutic target. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the effect of Qihuang Bushen Xiezhuo Formula on the expression of the nuclear factor E2 related factor 2(Nrf2)/ antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathway of human glomerular mesangial cells (HMC) in high glucose medium and its protective effect on oxidative stress. Methods: The HMC were cultured in vitro to prepare normal rat serum. The rats were intragastrically administered with irbesartan and Qihuang Bushen Xiezhuo Formula. The serum containing the drugs was prepared after the blood concentration was reached. The rats were divided into the control group, the high glucose group, the irbesartan group and the Qihuang Bushen Xiezhuo Formula group. The HMC of the control group was cultured with normal rat serum (10% serum concentration) medium, while that of the high glucose group was cultured with high glucose medium of rat serum (10% serum concentration). The irbesartan group and the Qihuang Bushen Xiezhuo Formula group were respectively treated with 10% irbesartan and 10% Qihuang Bushen Xiezhuo Formula in serum high glucose medium. After 48 h of culture, the relevant indicators were collected and detected. The mRNA expression levels of Nrf2, gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase(γ-GCS) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) in each group were detected by real-time PCR. The expressions of γ-GCS and SOD were detected by immunohistochemistry. The protein expressions of γ-GCS and SOD in HMC of each group were observed by Western Blot. Results: The expressions of Nrf2, γ-GCS, SOD mRNA and protein in experimental cells of each group were low in the control group, while those in the high glucose group were decreased as compared with the control group (P<0.05). After interference of irbesartan and Qihuang Bushen Xiezhuo Formula the expressions were increased, and the increase in Qihuang Bushen Xiezhuo Formula group was more significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Qihuang Bushen Xiezhuo Formula can improve HMC oxidative stress injury in high glucose culture, and its mechanism may be achieved by activating Nrf2 and its related downstream proteins γ-GCS and SOD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the buffer medium of KHC8H4O4-HCl at pH 3.2, a catalytic kinetic spectrophotometric method for the determination of iron was developed by use of the catalytic effect of iron(III) on the oxidation of m-acetylchlorophosphonazo by hydrogen peroxide. At the wavelength of 544 nm, the difference of absorbance(▵A) is well linearly related with the concentration of iron(III) in the range of 0-2.5 µg/25 mL and fitted the equation: ▵A = 0.1469 C(µg/25 mL) + 0.0037, with a regression coefficient of 0.9979.The detection limit of the method is 1.34 ng/mL. The present method was successfully applied to determine iron in rice samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the title compound, [Cu(C13H13Cl2NO3)(C10H8N2)]·2.5H2O, the CuII atom is coordinated in a slightly distorted tetra­gonal–pyramidal geometry by two O atoms and one N atom from the chiral ligand 2-[(3,5-dichloro-2-oxidobenzyl­idene)amino]-3-methyl­penta­noate and two N atoms from 2,2′-bipyridine. The asymmetric unit consists of two CuII complexes and five water molecules. In the crystal structure, the water mol­ecules are linked by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds into five-membered rings that are further linked into chains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prevalence of chronic kidney disease(CKD) increases year by year and has become a highly prevalent disease, seriously affecting the quality of life of patients and bringing heavy family burden. There are many diseases causing CKD, including va-rious primary and secondary glomerulonephritis, renal tubular injury, and renal vascular lesions. Although routine medical treatment for CKD can alleviate the clinical symptoms to a certain extent, it is sometimes difficult to prevent the progression of CKD. Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is advantageous in high safety, few adverse reactions, and definite clinical efficacy in the treatment of CKD. The active components contained can play a synergistic effect through multiple pathways and multiple targets to delay disease progression, but its mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated. As revealed by the literature in this field in China and abroad, abnormal mitophagy is a common feature of the pathogenesis of CKD of different types. In recent years, a large number of studies have proved that the regulation of mitophagy through the PINK1/Parkin signaling pathway and mitophagy receptor pathway could delay the progression of CKD and protect renal function. Therefore, the regulation of mitophagy by TCM in the prevention and treatment of CKD through related pathways has become a potential therapeutic target in recent years. This paper reviewed the research articles on the definite efficacy of TCM in preventing and treating CKD by regulating mitophagy through relevant pathways to provide new targets and stra-tegies for preventing and treating CKD and delaying their entry into end-stage renal diseases.

The main factors which affected the isolation, purification and cultivation of Pinellia cordata protoplasts from leaves were studied. The results indicated that the optimum enzyme solution for P. cordata leaves was 13% CPW + 1.0% Cellulose +0.1% Pectolase, at pH 6.0, temperature (25-28 degrees C ) for 4 h. The sucrose density gradient centrifugation was adopted to purificate the protoplasts collected, when 25% sucrose was used as mediator, centrifugating at 500 rpm for 10 min. When the protoplasts were shallow liquid and liquid-solid double layer cultured on the medium of MS + 0.5 mg x L(-1) 6-BA + 0.25 mg x L(-1) NAA + 13% mannitol at the density of 2.5 x 104 protoplasts/mL, or fed and nursed cultured at the density of 100-500 protoplasts/mL, cell division could be observed for 3 days; granular calli appeared for 30 days. Calli was proliferated on the medium of MS + 0.5 mg x L(-1) 6-BA + 0.25 mg x L(-1) NAA solidified by 0.55% agar, and differentiated and regenerated after 5-6 months. Plant generation of P. cordata is successfully established.

Objective: To study the distribution of genomovars and microevolution of Yersinia pestis in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau., Methods: Primer pairs targeting the twenty-two different regions(DFRs) were designed for detecting the presence or deletion of each DFR in 297 strains isolated from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau., Results: 9 genomovars, i. e. Genomovar 1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, new type and Ype-ancestor were identified in the Marmota himalayana plague focus of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Among these genomovars, genomovar 5,8 and 10 were dominant types. The total rate of the three genomovars was 80.6% (204/253) and the genomovars in different regions were different. All of 44 strains of Y. pestis in the Microtus fuscus plague focus of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau belonged to genomovar 14., Conclusion: The distribution of genomovars of Y. pestis in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau had remarkable characteristics geographically. Based on the distribution of genomovars of Y. pestis, the routes of transmission and microevolution of Y. pestis were proposed.

A PCR-based screening method was used to study the genetic variations of the pgm locus among natural isolates of Yersinia pestis from China. Our results indicate that genetic variations in the pgm locus are well correlated with biovars of Y. pestis and plague foci, suggesting that the pgm locus plays a role in Y. pestis adaptation to its environment. The gene encoding two-component regulatory system sensor kinase became a pseudogene in all strains of biovar Orientalis due to a thymidine deletion, while it is intact in all the strains of the other biovars. Only strains from Foci H and L are the same as Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in that they have an intact transmembrane helix in the sensor kinase protein, which is lost in all the other strains because of the 18 bp in-frame deletion. The IS100 element that flanks the 39 terminus of the pgm locus was inserted into the chromosome during the within-species microevolution of Y. pestis, which is absent in strains from Foci G, H and L and also in Y. pseudotuberculosis. This fact indicates that the strains from these three foci are of an older lineage of Chinese Y. pestis. It is this IS100 element's absence that maintained high stability of the pgm locus in the Y. pestis strains from these three foci. The IS285 element insertion in the pigmentation segment and the IS100 element insertion in the downstream flanking region of the pgm locus are only present in strains from Foci H and L. The flanking region outside the 59 terminus of the upstream IS100 element is identical in the strains from these two foci, which is different in the other strains. All of these unique characteristics suggest that they are of a special lineage of Chinese Y. pestis.