42 results on '"Jiménez-Barbero, José Antonio"'
Search Results
2. Job satisfaction in midwives working in labour ward: A systematic review with meta-analysis
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Pérez-Castejón, Marta, Suárez-Cortés, María, Jiménez-Ruiz, Ismael, and Jiménez-Barbero, José Antonio
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- 2024
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3. Serum Vitamin D, Folate and Fatty Acid Levels in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
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Gallardo-Carrasco, Maria Carmen, Jiménez-Barbero, José Antonio, Bravo-Pastor, María del Mar, Martin-Castillo, David, and Sánchez-Muñoz, María
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Vitamin and fatty acid deficiency in children diagnosed with autism has been linked to the etiology and course of the disease but the results have been inconsistent. In our work, we present a narrative review, which includes 20 observational studies that provide data on the blood levels of vitamin D, folate, or fatty acids of children diagnosed with ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder--AG group), and of a control group (children without this disorder--CG group). The main characteristics and results are presented in a summary table. Of the 20 above-mentioned studies, a meta-analysis of vitamin D and folate levels was carried out in 14 of them, with a total of 2269 children (AG = 1159, CG = 1110). Vitamin D levels were lower in AG compared to CG: SMD, 95% CI = - 0.83 [- 1.15, - 0.50]. In terms of folate levels, a total of 299 children (AG = 148, CG = 151) were analyzed, finding no significant differences with the control group: SMD, 95% CI = - 0.16 [- 0.63, 0.32]. Only one study that provided data on fatty acids in children with ASD was included in the review although it was not possible to include it in the meta-analysis. We conclude that the nutritional status (vitamin and fatty acid levels) of patients diagnosed with ASD should be taken into account, as correct adjustment of these levels--may produce an improvement in the course of the disease and could also reduce the risk of its development.
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- 2022
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4. Evaluation of School Climate Behaviors in the School Context: CONVIVE Questionnaire
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Ruiz-Hernández, José Antonio, Ruiz-Fernández, Carmen María, Pina López, David, Llor-Zaragoza, Laura, Pagán-Escribano, María, Jiménez-Barbero, José Antonio, and Puente-López, Esteban
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School climate research has traditionally been carried out by separating its two main components, prosocial and antisocial behaviors. This is often a partial view of the school climate. Hence, the goal of this study is to develop an evaluation instrument (CONVIVE) that takes into account both perspectives of the school climate through a dual-strategy design, psychometric and non-experimental, cross-sectional, and descriptive-comparative. The sample includes 600 Primary and Secondary Education students from a southeastern region of Spain. Exploratory and Confirmatory Factorial Analysis fit indices were used for the psychometric study. The result is a 26-item instrument (CONVIVE) made up of four scales that evaluate antisocial and prosocial behaviors, both performed toward others and received by peers: "Prosocial Behavior Actor," "Prosocial Behavior Receiver," "Antisocial Behavior Actor," and "Antisocial Behavior Receiver." These behaviors differ as a function of sex and the educational stage.
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- 2022
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5. Serum Vitamin D, Folate and Fatty Acid Levels in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
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Gallardo-Carrasco, Maria Carmen, Jiménez-Barbero, José Antonio, Bravo-Pastor, María del Mar, Martin-Castillo, David, and Sánchez-Muñoz, María
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Folic acid -- Measurement -- Health aspects ,Pervasive developmental disorders -- Diagnosis -- Risk factors -- Demographic aspects ,Alfacalcidol -- Measurement -- Health aspects ,Calcifediol -- Measurement -- Health aspects ,Vitamin D -- Measurement -- Health aspects ,Fatty acids -- Measurement -- Health aspects ,Health - Abstract
Vitamin and fatty acid deficiency in children diagnosed with autism has been linked to the etiology and course of the disease but the results have been inconsistent. In our work, we present a narrative review, which includes 20 observational studies that provide data on the blood levels of vitamin D, folate, or fatty acids of children diagnosed with ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder-AG group), and of a control group (children without this disorder-CG group). The main characteristics and results are presented in a summary table. Of the 20 above-mentioned studies, a meta-analysis of vitamin D and folate levels was carried out in 14 of them, with a total of 2269 children (AG = 1159, CG = 1110). Vitamin D levels were lower in AG compared to CG: SMD, 95% CI = - 0.83 [- 1.15, - 0.50]. In terms of folate levels, a total of 299 children (AG = 148, CG = 151) were analyzed, finding no significant differences with the control group: SMD, 95% CI = - 0.16 [- 0.63, 0.32]. Only one study that provided data on fatty acids in children with ASD was included in the review although it was not possible to include it in the meta-analysis. We conclude that the nutritional status (vitamin and fatty acid levels) of patients diagnosed with ASD should be taken into account, as correct adjustment of these levels-may produce an improvement in the course of the disease and could also reduce the risk of its development., Author(s): Maria Carmen Gallardo-Carrasco [sup.1] , José Antonio Jiménez-Barbero [sup.2] , María del Mar Bravo-Pastor [sup.3] , David Martin-Castillo [sup.4] , María Sánchez-Muñoz [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) 'Los Arcos' Mental [...]
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- 2022
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6. Physical Education and School Bullying: A Systematic Review
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Jiménez-Barbero, José Antonio, Jiménez-Loaisa, Alejandro, González-Cutre, David, Beltrán-Carrillo, Vicente J., Llor-Zaragoza, Laura, and Ruiz-Hernández, José Antonio
- Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the associations of physical education (PE) with school violence and bullying. Design: Systematic review. Method: Using a systematic search in Medline, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, and Scopus, relevant studies with a quantitative and qualitative design were identified that met previously established eligibility criteria. Quality was assessed (bias risk analysis) and data were extracted from a previously elaborated template. Results: The systematic review finally included 16 studies, of which 10 had a quantitative design (n = 12795), 5 a qualitative design (n = 79) and 1 a mixed design (n = 86). The high heterogeneity presented by the measures used in the included studies hindered the comparison of the outcomes and prevented meta-analysis of the data. Although there is insufficient evidence about the positive impact of PE on bullying prevention, the results of this review indicate that some aspects of PE programs could improve students' skills to cope with these situations. Conclusions: The results of this review suggest the importance of PE in the prevention of bullying. Secondly, it is emphasized that bullying situations have a negative impact on students' enjoyment of PE, leading to detrimental consequences for their physical and psychological health. Thirdly, the figure of the PE teacher as a key element to prevent and/or encourage bullying was obvious.
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- 2020
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7. School victimization in transgender people: A systematic review
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Martín-Castillo, David, Jiménez-Barbero, José Antonio, Pastor-Bravo, María del Mar, Sánchez-Muñoz, María, Fernández-Espín, María Elvira, and García-Arenas, José Joaquín
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- 2020
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8. Effectiveness of multifamily therapy for adolescent disruptive behavior in a public institution: A randomized clinical trial
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Pérez-García, María, Sempere-Pérez, Javier, Rodado-Martínez, Juan Vicente, Pina López, David, Llor-Esteban, Bartolomé, and Jiménez-Barbero, José Antonio
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- 2020
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9. Attitudes of Spanish mental health professionals towards trans people: A cross‐sectional study.
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Jiménez‐Barbero, José Antonio, Cutillas‐Fernández, María Asunción, Herrera‐Giménez, María, and Jiménez‐Ruiz, Ismael
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KRUSKAL-Wallis Test , *SEXISM , *ATTITUDES of medical personnel , *CROSS-sectional method , *PRACTICAL politics , *PATIENT-centered care , *ATTITUDES toward sex , *SEX distribution , *LGBTQ+ people , *HEALTH attitudes , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors , *DATA analysis software , *MENTAL health services - Abstract
Accessible Summary: What is known about the subject?: The trans community perceives barriers to the mental health services in the form of professionals' transphobia, lack of knowledge, and cultural sensitivity in healthcare.The attitudes of health professionals are mediated by their social context, which can determine their behaviour or attitude towards users. What does the article add to existing knowledge?: The attitudes of mental health professionals towards trans people are related to variables such as the professional's age, gender, political ideology and religious beliefs.Mental health nursing, psychology and social work are the professions that present more favourable attitudes towards trans people. What are the implications for practice?: The inclusion of a professional perspective that understands sexual and gender diversity among mental health professionals is required.It is necessary to train professionals to promote socio‐healthcare based on respect and free from prejudice, discrimination and stigma. Introduction: The trans community perceives barriers to the mental health services in the form of professionals' transphobia, lack of knowledge and cultural sensitivity in healthcare. Aim: Evaluation of the attitudes towards trans people of the professionals who work in the different Spanish mental health services. Method: A cross‐sectional design was used with a sample of professionals from different professional groups working in mental health units, hospitals and outpatient settings throughout Spain. Results: Gender differences were found, with higher values in genderism and sexism among males. Negative attitudes and sexism have also been associated with age and religious beliefs. Mental health nursing, psychology and social work presented more favourable attitudes towards trans people than other mental health professionals. Discussion/Implications for Practice: The inclusion of a professional perspective that understands sexual and gender diversity and the acquisition of professional attitudes based on evidence and patient‐centred model are basic aspects to promote socio‐healthcare based on respect and free from prejudices, discrimination and stigma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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10. Attitudes and Beliefs of Mental Health Professionals towards Trans People: A Systematic Review of the Literature
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Cutillas-Fernández, María Asunción, primary, Jiménez-Barbero, José Antonio, additional, Herrera-Giménez, María, additional, Forcén-Muñoz, Luis Alberto, additional, and Jiménez-Ruiz, Ismael, additional
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- 2023
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11. Attitudes of Spanish mental health professionals towards trans people: A cross‐sectional study
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Jiménez‐Barbero, José Antonio, primary, Cutillas‐Fernández, María Asunción, additional, Herrera‐Giménez, María, additional, and Jiménez‐Ruiz, Ismael, additional
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- 2023
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12. User violence towards nursing professionals in mental health services and emergency units
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Llor-Esteban, Bartolomé, Sánchez-Muñoz, María, Ruiz-Hernández, José Antonio, and Jiménez-Barbero, José Antonio
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- 2017
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13. Attitudes towards transgender people in the university community
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Martin-Castillo, David, primary, Garcia Arenas, Jose Joaquin, additional, Pastor-Bravo, María del Mar, additional, Sánchez-Muñoz, María, additional, and Jiménez-Barbero, José Antonio, additional
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- 2023
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14. Attitudes towards transgender people in the university community
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Martín Castillo, David, Garcia Arenas, Jose Joaquin, Pastor Bravo, María del Mar, Sánchez Muñoz, María, Jiménez Barbero, José Antonio, Martín Castillo, David, Garcia Arenas, Jose Joaquin, Pastor Bravo, María del Mar, Sánchez Muñoz, María, and Jiménez Barbero, José Antonio
- Abstract
Varios estudios han indicado la existencia de actitudes transfóbicas en el sistema educativo. Esto se extiende a la comunidad universitaria, lo que tiene consecuencias psicosociales negativas en las personas trans. Objetivos: El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la actitud de los estudiantes universitarios hacia las personas trans. Se utilizó un diseño correlacional transversal con una muestra de 1701 estudiantes universitarios con edades entre 18 y 68 años. Los resultados muestran la presencia de actitudes negativas hacia las personas trans en la comunidad universitaria. También muestra la existencia de una relación entre estas actitudes y otras variables, como la empatía, la autoestima y los estilos parentales. Nuestros resultados indican que las actitudes negativas de los estudiantes universitarios hacia las personas trans podrían estar relacionadas con variables psicológicas y sociales como la empatía, la autoestima y los estilos parentales, lo que apunta a una probable relación entre los estilos parentales y la empatía en los hijos. Dentro de las implicaciones para la práctica se sugiere la importancia de fomentar actitudes inclusivas y de aceptación de la diversidad en la formación escolar y universitaria, con programas centrados en el desarrollo de empatía y autoestima.
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- 2023
15. Effectiveness of anti-bullying school programs: A meta-analysis
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Jiménez-Barbero, José Antonio, Ruiz-Hernández, José Antonio, Llor-Zaragoza, Laura, Pérez-García, María, and Llor-Esteban, Bartolomé
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- 2016
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16. Influence of Laboring People's Mobility and Positional Changes on Birth Outcomes in Low‐Dose Epidural Analgesia Labor: A Systematic Review with Meta‐Analysis
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de Verastegui‐Martín, Maite, primary, de Paz‐Fresneda, Ana, additional, Jiménez‐Barbero, José Antonio, additional, Jiménez‐Ruiz, Ismael, additional, and Ballesteros Meseguer, Carmen, additional
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- 2022
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17. Violence in Dating Relationships: Validation of the CADRI Questionnaire in a Young Adult Population
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López-Barranco, Pedro José, primary, Jiménez-Ruiz, Ismael, additional, Leal-Costa, César, additional, Andina-Díaz, Elena, additional, López-Alonso, Ana I., additional, and Jiménez-Barbero, José Antonio, additional
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- 2022
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18. Efficacy of a brief intervention on attitudes to reduce school violence: A randomized clinical trial
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Jiménez-Barbero, Jose Antonio, Ruiz-Hernández, Jose Antonio, Llor-Esteban, Bartolomé, Llor-Zaragoza, Laura, and Pérez García, María
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- 2013
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19. Effectiveness of antibullying school programmes: A systematic review by evidence levels
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Jiménez Barbero, Jose Antonio, Ruiz Hernández, Jose Antonio, Llor Esteban, Bartolomé, and Pérez García, María
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- 2012
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20. Serum Vitamin D, Folate and Fatty Acid Levels in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
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Gallardo-Carrasco, Maria Carmen, primary, Jiménez-Barbero, José Antonio, additional, Bravo-Pastor, María del Mar, additional, Martin-Castillo, David, additional, and Sánchez-Muñoz, María, additional
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- 2021
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21. Influence of Laboring People's Mobility and Positional Changes on Birth Outcomes in Low‐Dose Epidural Analgesia Labor: A Systematic Review with Meta‐Analysis.
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de Verastegui‐Martín, Maite, de Paz‐Fresneda, Ana, Jiménez‐Barbero, José Antonio, Jiménez‐Ruiz, Ismael, and Ballesteros Meseguer, Carmen
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Introduction: Freedom of movement has been identified as a key issue for pregnant individuals during the birthing process, even if they opt for epidural analgesia, which has relegated people to more static positions during birth for many years. The aims of this systematic review were to evaluate the influence of mobility and positional changes on perinatal and neonatal outcomes in people in labor with epidural analgesia, describe the range of movement interventions used during the first and second stage of labor, and describe the level of motor blockade among people with low‐dose epidural analgesia. Methods: Bibliographic databases (Web of Science, Cochrane, CINAHL) were consulted from December 2020 to January 2021. The articles selected were clinical trials and observational or analytical studies, the subject of which was mobilization during labor in people with epidural analgesia. The outcome measures were mode of birth, duration of labor, and extrauterine adaptation after birth. A narrative synthesis was used to describe the types of movements interventions employed during the stages of labor and the level of motor blockade among people with low‐dose epidural analgesia. Results: Ten articles were selected (8 clinical trials, one cross‐sectional study, and one quasiexperimental study), with a total sample of 6086 individuals. A meta‐analysis showed nonsignificant results between groups for mode of birth (relative risk [RR], 1.00; 95% CI, 0.87‐1.14), duration of labor (RR, 1.64; 95% CI, ‐34.57 to 37.86), and extrauterine adaptation after birth (RR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.39‐1.93). There was heterogeneity among studies in the type of movement interventions used during the first and second stage of labor. Discussion: Although no clear benefit was observed for mobilization in epidural labor, no detrimental effects were found either, so perinatal care providers should encourage mobilization if the laboring person so desires, throughout the entire childbirth process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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22. Evaluation of School Climate Behaviors in the School Context: CONVIVE Questionnaire.
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Ruiz-Hernández, José Antonio, Ruiz-Fernández, Carmen María, Pina López, David, Llor-Zaragoza, Laura, Pagán-Escribano, María, Jiménez-Barbero, José Antonio, and Puente-López, Esteban
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SCHOOL environment ,DELINQUENT behavior ,FACTOR analysis ,CLIMATE research ,PSYCHOMETRICS ,PROSOCIAL behavior - Abstract
School climate research has traditionally been carried out by separating its two main components, prosocial and antisocial behaviors. This is often a partial view of the school climate. Hence, the goal of this study is to develop an evaluation instrument (CONVIVE) that takes into account both perspectives of the school climate through a dual-strategy design, psychometric and non-experimental, cross-sectional, and descriptive-comparative. The sample includes 600 Primary and Secondary Education students from a southeastern region of Spain. Exploratory and Confirmatory Factorial Analysis fit indices were used for the psychometric study. The result is a 26-item instrument (CONVIVE) made up of four scales that evaluate antisocial and prosocial behaviors, both performed toward others and received by peers: Prosocial Behavior Actor, Prosocial Behavior Receiver, Antisocial Behavior Actor, and Antisocial Behavior Receiver. These behaviors differ as a function of sex and the educational stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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23. Evaluation of School Climate Behaviors in the School Context: CONVIVE Questionnaire
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Ruiz-Hernández, José Antonio, primary, Ruiz-Fernández, Carmen María, additional, Pina López, David, additional, Llor-Zaragoza, Laura, additional, Pagán-Escribano, María, additional, Jiménez-Barbero, José Antonio, additional, and Puente-López, Esteban, additional
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- 2021
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24. Physical education and school bullying: a systematic review
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Jiménez-Barbero, José Antonio, primary, Jiménez-Loaisa, Alejandro, additional, González-Cutre, David, additional, Beltrán-Carrillo, Vicente J., additional, Llor-Zaragoza, Laura, additional, and Ruiz-Hernández, José Antonio, additional
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- 2019
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25. Influence of Parental Styles and Other Psychosocial Variables on the Development of Externalizing Behaviors in Adolescents: A Sytematic Review
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Ruiz-Hernández, José Antonio, Moral-Zafra, Elena, Llor-Esteban, Bartolomé, and Jiménez-Barbero, José Antonio
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Parenting style ,Violencia escolar ,Apego ,Attachment ,Gender ,Estilo parental ,Externalización ,Género ,Adolescents ,Adolescentes ,Externalizing ,School violence - Abstract
The main objective of this systematic review is to synthesize the available evidence on the influence of parental styles and dimensions on the development of adolescents’ externalizing behaviors. As a novelty, this review offers an analysis of possible differences in paternal and maternal parenting practices and the role of gender in adolescents will be analyzed. The methodology used consisted of a systematic search of articles in databases (Medline, Cochrane, Academic Search Premier, PsycINFO, ERIC y PsycARTICLES) and their lists of bibliographic references published between 2010 and 2016. Initially, we located 31,169 studies, of which 31,019 were excluded because they were either duplicates or did not meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The remaining articles were again reviewed in full text and were subjected to the assessment of bias risk, of which 17 had an adequate level of methodological quality, and so were included in the systematic review. The results suggest that the parenting style most closely associated with externalizing problems is the authoritarian style. In contrast, the authoritative parental style and the dimensions of affection, communication, and autonomy promotion guarantee positive results. A larger number of studies are deemed necessary to establish firm conclusions about aspects such as differences between parents’ parenting style or adolescents’ gender. RESUMEN Las últimas investigaciones indican que los estilos parentales influyen en el proceso de socialización de los hijos. El principal objetivo de esta revisión sistemática es sintetizar la evidencia disponible sobre la influencia de los estilos y las dimensiones parentales en el desarrollo de conductas externalizantes en adolescentes. Como novedad, esta revisión ofrece un análisis sobre las posibles diferencias de las prácticas de crianza paterna y materna y el rol del género en los adolescentes. La metodología utilizada consistió en una búsqueda sistemática de artículos en bases de datos (Medline, Cochrane, Academic Search Premier, PsycINFO, ERIC y PsycARTICLES) y de sus listas de referencias publicadas entre 2010 y 2016 acorde con las últimas revisiones sobre este tema. Inicialmente fueron localizados 31,169 estudios, de los que se excluyeron 31,019 por encontrarse duplicados o no cumplir los criterios de inclusión y exclusión establecidos previamente. Los 150 artículos restantes se revisaron de nuevo a texto completo, excluyéndose 79 estudios por no responder a los objetivos del estudio. Finalmente, 71 estudios se sometieron a evaluación de riesgo de sesgo, de los cuales 17 presentaron un adecuado nivel de calidad metodológica, por lo que fueron incluidos en la revisión sistemática. Los resultados sugieren que el estilo parental que más se relaciona con problemas de conducta externalizante es el estilo autoritario, reforzado por la utilización de prácticas coercitivas, el castigo físico o la imposición. En contraposición, el estilo parental fidedigno y las dimensiones de afecto, comunicación y fomento de la autonomía garantizan resultados positivos. Otros aspectos como el control parental y las prácticas indulgentes o negligentes ofrecen resultados contradictorios que es necesario matizar. Se considera necesario un mayor número de investigaciones para establecer conclusiones firmes sobre aspectos como las diferencias entre las prácticas de crianza de madres/padres o el género de los adolescentes.
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- 2019
26. User Violence and Psychological Well-being in Primary Health-Care Professionals
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López-García, Cecilia, Ruiz-Hernández, José A., Llor-Zaragoza, Laura, Llor-Zaragoza, Paloma, and Jiménez-Barbero, José Antonio
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Aggression ,Primary health-care ,Job satisfaction ,Workplace violence ,Violencia laboral ,Health staff ,Satisfacción laboral ,Atención primaria ,Personal sanitario ,Psychological well-being ,Agresión - Abstract
It is estimated that one fourth of workplace violent incidents occur in the health sector. The aims of the present investigation are: a) to identify sociodemographic and work variables related to exposure to user violence in primary care professionals and b) to analyze the impact of exposure to user violence on professionals’ psychological well-being, job satisfaction, and empathy. An empirical study with quantitative, descriptive, and transversal methodology was carried out with a sample of 574 professionals from 39 primary-care centers. The study revealed that variables of gender, professional tenure, continued training, and professional status are significantly associated with exposure to user violence. Likewise, the results show that depending on professional status exposure to user violence, job satisfaction and professionals’ empathy have an impact on primary health-care workers’ General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) scores. In conclusion, exposure to non-physical user violence in primary-care professionals is associated with some sociodemographic and work characteristics. RESUMEN Se estima que una cuarta parte de los incidentes violentos laborales se producen en el ámbito sanitario. Los objetivos de la presente investigación son: a) identificar las variables sociodemográficas y laborales relacionadas con la exposición a la violencia de los usuarios en profesionales de atención primaria y b) analizar el impacto sobre el bienestar psicológico de los profesionales de la exposición a la violencia de los usuarios, la satisfacción laboral y la empatía. Se llevó a cabo un estudio empírico con metodología cuantitativa, descriptivo y transversal, con una muestra de 574 profesionales de 39 centros de atención primaria. Se observa que las variables de género, antigüedad en la profesión, formación continuada y categoría profesional se encuentran asociadas significativamente a la exposición a la violencia de los usuarios. Del mismo modo, se identifica que la exposición a las conductas violentas de los usuarios, la satisfacción laboral y la empatía de los profesionales influyen, dependiendo de la categoría profesional, en las puntuaciones de GHQ total de los trabajadores de atención primaria. En conclusión, la exposición a la violencia no física de los usuarios en los profesionales de atención primaria se asocia con ciertas características sociodemográficas y laborales.
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- 2018
27. Influencia de la socialización familiar y de las actitudes hacia la violencia sobre los problemas de conducta en el ámbito escolar en una muestra de adolescentes
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Jiménez Barbero, José Antonio, Llor Esteban, Bartolomé, Ruíz Hernández, José Antonio, Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Enfermería, and Ruiz Hernández, José Antonio
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37 - Educación. Enseñanza. Formación. Tiempo libre ,Prevención ,Violencia ,316 - Sociología. Comunicación ,Enfermería ,Prevención de la violencia ,Violencia en la escuela ,Adolescentes - Abstract
La presente tesis doctoral es un compendio de tres estudios interdependientes que exploran las variables psicosociales y familiares asociadas al fenómeno de las conductas violentas en el ámbito escolar con el fin de elaborar estrategias de prevención eficaces. Objetivos Generales: Explorar las variables psicosociales y familiares asociadas a la violencia escolar que pueden ser susceptibles a una intervención preventiva, así como desarrollar programas de intervención y evaluar su eficacia para prevenir y/o reducir las conductas violentas en el ámbito escolar. Metodología: -El compendio se inicia con una revisión sistemática, que analiza la eficacia de los programas escolares de prevención de la violencia escolar. Se llevó a cabo una búsqueda bibliográfica en bases de datos electrónicas (Medline, Tripdatabase, Cochrane, Academy Search Premier, PsycINFO, ERIC y PsycARTICLES), de estudios publicados a partir del 01/01/2000, enfocados a la evaluación de la eficacia de intervenciones escolares dirigidas a prevenir o reducir la violencia o el acoso en el ámbito escolar. La población de estudio fueron niños y adolescentes, de ambos sexos y en edad escolar (6-16 años). Se localizaron inicialmente 299 artículos que cumplían los criterios de inclusión y que fueron sometidos a una revisión por pares independientes. En la evaluación final se incluyeron 32 estudios que cumplían los criterios de selección metodológica y de calidad establecidos previamente. -Posteriormente se desarrolló un estudio descriptivo-analítico en un Instituto de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria. Se empleó un diseño transversal correlacional en una muestra de 252 adolescentes con edades comprendidas entre 12 y 15 años. Se llevó a cabo un análisis de regresión lineal múltiple de las variables, con el fin de elaborar un modelo explicativo de los problemas de conducta. El estudio indicó que existe asociación significativa de la conducta externalizante en adolescentes con elevada impulsividad, actitudes arraigadas hacia la violencia y estilos parentales inconsistentes. -Finalizamos este compendio con un estudio experimental en el que se evaluó la eficacia de un programa de intervención breve dirigido a reducir y/o prevenir la violencia escolar. Se empleó un diseño controlado y aleatorizado con el objeto de analizar los efectos del programa de intervención “Cuenta Conmigo”, de elaboración propia. Diez aulas fueron asignadas aleatoriamente a la intervención o a una lista de espera. Se realizó un ANOVA de dos factores, con el fin de evaluar los cambios obtenidos en el Grupo Experimental, respecto al Grupo Control, obteniendose reducciones signficativas en la violencia percibida por los escolares en el patio tras la intervención. Conclusiones generales: -Existen evidencias de la eficacia de intervenciones escolares dirigidas a reducir o prevenir la violencia. - Las conductas externalizantes parecen estar implicadas directa o indirectamente en los casos de violencia escolar. Nuestros resultados confirman la influencia que las actitudes de los adolescentes hacia la violencia pueden estar teniendo en estos comportamientos. - Una intervención de naturaleza breve basada en la modificación de las actitudes hacia la violencia puede resultar eficaz para reducir el nivel de violencia en las escuelas., This dissertation is a compilation of three studies that explore interdependent family and psychosocial variables associated with the phenomenon of violent behaviors in schools in order to develop effective Prevention strategies. Goals: Exploring family and psychosocial variables associated with school violence may be susceptible to a preventive intervention and to develop intervention programs and evaluate their effectiveness in preventing and/ or reducing violent behavior in schools. Methodology: - The Compendium begins with a systematic review, which analyzes the effectiveness of school programs to prevent school violence. They conducted a literature search of electronic databases (Medline, Tripdatabase, Cochrane, Academy Search Premier, PsycINFO, ERIC, and PsycARTICLES), published studies from 01/01/2000, focused on evaluating the effectiveness of school interventions aimed at preventing or reducing violence or harassment in schools. The study population consisted of children and adolescents of both sexes and of school age (6-16 years). Initially were located 299 articles that met the inclusion criteria and were subjected to independent peer review. In the final evaluation included 32 studies that met the selection criteria and methodology previously established quality . - Subsequently developed a descriptive-analytical study in an Institute of Secondary Education. We used a correlational cross-sectional design in a sample of 252 adolescents aged between 12 and 15 years. They conducted a multiple linear regression analysis of the variables, in order to develop an explanatory model of behavior problems. The study indicated a significant association of externalizing behavior in adolescents with high impulsivity, entrenched attitudes towards violence and inconsistent parenting styles . - We end this compendium with an experimental study that evaluated the efficacy of a brief intervention program designed to reduce and/or prevent school violence. We used a randomized controlled design in order to analyze the effects of the intervention program " Cuenta Conmigo " homemade. Ten classrooms were randomly assigned to the intervention or to a waiting list. We performed a two-factor ANOVA, in order to evaluate the changes obtained in the experimental group, compared to control group, obtaining reductions in violence signficativas perceived by students in the courtyard after the intervention. General conclusions: - There is evidence of the effectiveness of school interventions aimed at reducing or preventing violence. - Externalizing behaviors appear to be directly or indirectly involved in cases of school violence. Our results confirm the influence adolescents ' attitudes toward violence may be having in these behaviors. - A brief nature intervention based on changing attitudes toward violence can be effective in reducing the level of violence in schools.
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- 2018
28. User violence in mental health services: Adaptation of an instrument. Healthcare-workers’ Aggressive Behavior Scale-Users-Mental Health Version (HABS-U-MH)
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Ruiz-Hernández, José Antonio, primary, Sánchez-Muñoz, María, additional, Jiménez-Barbero, José Antonio, additional, Pina López, David, additional, Galían-Muñoz, Inmaculada, additional, Llor-Esteban, Bartolomé, additional, and Llor-Zaragoza, Laura, additional
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- 2019
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29. Healthcare-workers’ Aggressive Behavior Scale-Users--Mental Health Version
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Ruiz-Hernández, José Antonio, primary, Sánchez-Muñoz, María, additional, Jiménez- Barbero, José Antonio, additional, López, David Pina, additional, Galían-Muñoz, Inmaculada, additional, Llor-Esteban, Bartolomé, additional, and Llor-Zaragoza, Laura, additional
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- 2019
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30. Influence of Parental Styles and Other Psychosocial Variables on the Development of Externalizing Behaviors in Adolescents: A Sytematic Review
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Ruiz-Hernández, José Antonio, primary, Moral-Zafra, Elena, additional, Llor-Esteban, Bartolomé, additional, and Jiménez-Barbero, José Antonio, additional
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- 2018
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31. O menino que não quis chorar
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Jiménez-Barbero, José Antonio, Brum, Ana, Jiménez-Barbero, José Antonio, and Brum, Ana
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- Boys--Fiction, Bullying--Fiction, Schools--Fiction
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Para Santiago, o dia a dia na escola se transformou em um castigo insuportável e a ideia de suicídio, fascinante e terrível, vem à sua mente torturada, cada vez com mais frequência. Tudo muda quando conhece Lucía, a menina nova. Simpática, inteligente e dotada de grande sensibilidade, é a única capaz de descobrir o maravilhoso mundo interior que valoriza o estranho e solitário menino. Algo extraordinário começa a acontecer com Santiago. Oculta, sob a superfície de sua aparente timidez, uma personalidade forte, indomável e por vezes, sombria, se revela de repente. A cruel perseguição, porém, continua cada vez mais obsessiva e violenta. E Santiago, decidido a não se deixar derrotar, suporta-a em silêncio, sem se queixar, sem chorar. Até que finalmente, esse pesadelo também alcança sua única amiga, e a frágil sanidade de Santiago termina por se romper de maneira devastadora e terrível.
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- 2018
32. The Boy Who Would Not Weep. The True Face of Bullying
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Jiménez-Barbero, José Antonio, Mabillot, Leandro, Jiménez-Barbero, José Antonio, and Mabillot, Leandro
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- Boys--Fiction, Bullying--Fiction, Schools--Fiction
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To Santiago, everyday life has become an unbearable punishment and the idea of suicide, fascinating and terrible, comes up to his tortured mind frequently... Everything changes when he meets Lucía, the new girl. Friendly, intelligent and gifted of great sensibility, she's the only one capable of discovering the entreasured inner self of the strange and lonely boy. Something extraordinary starts to happen to Santiago. He hides, under his apparent shy surface, an unexpected strong, indomitable and sometimes dark personality. But the cruel chasing continues, each time more obsessive and violent; but Santiago has decided to not let himself to be defeated, he endures it in silence, without complaining... without crying. Until that this nightmare also reaches his only friend and the fragile sanity of the boy ends up breaking in a devastating and terrible way. The boy who would not weep: the true face of bullying constitutes one of the first novels that present the cruel and true face of bullying. With a straight forward and austere language, Jiménez-Barbero brings a shocking story, with no cracks, straight to the point, whose mission, being read and understood by all audiences, is perfectly fulfilled since the narrative rhythm allows a complete immersion, without flourishes, in a story that sometimes can be read as a documentary. Ultimately, that's what the novel is about, a cry of alarm issued by someone who has lived in the first line of fire. The author has worked as a police officer in a problematic that's neglected by a culture obsessed by violence in all its forms. That being said, The boy who would not weep: the true face of bullying is a must read to all parents whose children are teenagers, but also to those that think that this problem keeps them at borders and comprehend up to which point a boy's darkness can reach up, making him even deny the tears.
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- 2017
33. Physical education and school bullying: a systematic review.
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Jiménez-Barbero, José Antonio, Jiménez-Loaisa, Alejandro, González-Cutre, David, Beltrán-Carrillo, Vicente J., Llor-Zaragoza, Laura, and Ruiz-Hernández, José Antonio
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- *
PHYSICAL education , *SCHOOL bullying , *SCHOOL violence , *BULLYING prevention , *PHYSICAL education teachers - Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the associations of physical education (PE) with school violence and bullying. Design: Systematic review. Method: Using a systematic search in Medline, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, and Scopus, relevant studies with a quantitative and qualitative design were identified that met previously established eligibility criteria. Quality was assessed (bias risk analysis) and data were extracted from a previously elaborated template. Results: The systematic review finally included 16 studies, of which 10 had a quantitative design (n = 12795), 5 a qualitative design (n = 79) and 1 a mixed design (n = 86). The high heterogeneity presented by the measures used in the included studies hindered the comparison of the outcomes and prevented meta-analysis of the data. Although there is insufficient evidence about the positive impact of PE on bullying prevention, the results of this review indicate that some aspects of PE programs could improve students' skills to cope with these situations. Conclusions: The results of this review suggest the importance of PE in the prevention of bullying. Secondly, it is emphasized that bullying situations have a negative impact on students' enjoyment of PE, leading to detrimental consequences for their physical and psychological health. Thirdly, the figure of the PE teacher as a key element to prevent and/or encourage bullying was obvious. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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34. User Violence and Psychological Well-being in Primary Health-Care Professionals
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López-García, Cecilia, primary, Ruiz-Hernández, José A., additional, Llor-Zaragoza, Laura, additional, Llor-Zaragoza, Paloma, additional, and Jiménez-Barbero, José Antonio, additional
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- 2018
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35. Análisis descriptivo de la problemática conductual y emocional, y estilos de crianza parental en una muestra de adolescentes de una institución pública
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Pérez García, María, primary, Sunyer Martín, José Miguel, additional, Jiménez Barbero, José Antonio, additional, Torres Cantero, Alberto M., additional, and Rodado Martínez, Juan V., additional
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- 2017
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36. Análisis descriptivo de la problemática conductual y emocional, y estilos de crianza parental en una muestra de adolescentes de una institución pública
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Pérez García, María, Jiménez Barbero, José Antonio, Sunyer Martín, José Miguel, Rodado Martínez, Juan, Torres Cantero, Alberto Manuel, Pérez García, María, Jiménez Barbero, José Antonio, Sunyer Martín, José Miguel, Rodado Martínez, Juan, and Torres Cantero, Alberto Manuel
- Abstract
This study tries to describe the manifestations of behavioral and emotional psychopatology in adolescents who are asisted for the first time in an outpatient mental health center. For this, externalizing and internalizing patterns of behavior are measured though YSR (Youth Self Report) and Parent Child Relationship Inventory (PCRI) and sex differences are evaluated by contrast tests of means for independent samples. It was obtained significantly higher scores in scales of externalizing behavior pattern in children, except in agression scale, and higher scores on scales of internalizing behaviour pattern girls. It also obtained gender differences in parentig relationship styles. Finally the possible parenting styles disagreements between parents with different presentations of conduct disorder by sex is discussed., El presente estudio describe las manifestaciones de psicopatología conductual y emocional en adolescentes que consultan por primera vez en un dispositivo ambulatorio de salud mental. Para ello se miden patrones de conducta externalizante e internalizante a través del YSR (Youth Self Report) y el estilo de crianza según el PCRI (Cuestionario de Crianza Parental) y se evalúan diferencias según el sexo mediante tests de contraste de medias para muestras independientes. Se obtuvo de forma significativa mayor puntuación en escalas de patrón de conducta externalizante en chicos, excepto en escala de agresividad, y una mayor puntuación en escalas de patrón de conducta internalizante en chicas. Se obtienen también diferencias entre padres y madres en estilos de crianza. Finalmente se discute la posible relación de las discrepancias de crianza entre los padres con las distintas presentaciones de trastorno conductual según el sexo.
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- 2017
37. Actitudes hacia la violencia, impulsividad, estilos parentales y conducta externalizada en adolescentes: comparación entre una muestra de población general y una muestra clínica
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Jiménez-Barbero, José Antonio, Ruiz-Hernández, José Antonio, Velandrino-Nicolás, Antonio Pablo, and Llor-Zaragoza, Laura
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attitudes ,impulsividad ,parental styles ,Behavior disorders ,impulsivity ,externalization ,Trastornos de conducta ,estilos parentales ,externalización ,actitudes - Abstract
Los Trastornos de Conducta Externalizantes (TCE) constituyen uno de los problemas de salud mental más comunes entre los adolescentes, y repercuten gravemente en el ámbito familiar, escolar y social. La finalidad de este estudio fue comparar adolescentes de población general sin diagnóstico de TCE con adolescentes de una muestra clínica en una serie de variables identificadas como predictoras de la de la conducta externalizada. El estudio incluyó a adolescentes con edades comprendidas entre 12-15 años de la Región de Murcia. Se empleó un diseño selectivo descriptivo y analítico, así como comparativo transversal en una muestra de 327 adolescentes, que se distribuyeron de la siguiente manera: (a) Grupo Clínico (GC), integrado por 59 participantes, y (b) Grupo General (GG), formado por 268 adolescentes. Los resultados de este estudio indican que la conducta externalizada está relacionada principalmente con la impulsividad, aunque modulada por factores relacionados con la socialización familiar y cultural del adolescente. Asimismo, los adolescentes de la muestra clínica describen los estilos parentales que reciben como más autoritarios y menos inductivos que los adolescentes de población general. Externalizing Behavior Disorders are one of the most common mental health problems among adolescents, and they have a severe impact on family, school, and social settings. The purpose of this study was to compare adolescents from the general population without an externalizing behavior diagnosis with adolescents from a clinical sample in a series of variables identified as predictors of externalizing behavior. The study included adolescents aged between 12-15 years from the Region of Murcia. A cross-sectional, descriptive, analytical design was used with a sample of 327 adolescents, who were distributed as follows: (a) Clinical Group, made up of 59 participants, and (b) General Group, made up of 268 adolescents. The results of this study indicate that externalizing behavior is mainly related to Impulsivity, although modulated by factors related to the adolescent's family and cultural socialization. The adolescents of the clinical sample described the parental styles they received as more authoritarian and less inductive than those of the adolescents from the general population.
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- 2016
38. Actitudes hacia la violencia, impulsividad, estilos parentales y conducta externalizada en adolescentes: comparación entre una muestra de población general y una muestra clínica.
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Jiménez-Barbero, José Antonio, primary, Ruiz-Hernández, José Antonio, additional, Velandrino-Nicolás, Antonio Pablo, additional, and Llor-Zaragoza, Laura, additional
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- 2015
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39. Intervenciones enfermeras en trastornos duales: adicciones relacionadas con trastornos de conducta en la infancia
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Jiménez Barbero, José Antonio, Rivera Rocamora, Concha, Díaz García, Isidora, Pérez García, M., and Xandri Graupera, José Mª
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Behavior disorders ,Enfermería ,Trastornos duales ,Nursing ,6 - Ciencias aplicadas::61 - Medicina::614 - Higiene y salud pública. Contaminación. Prevención de accidentes. Enfermería [CDU] ,Trastornos de conducta ,General Nursing ,trastornos por abuso de sustancias - Abstract
El presente estudio trata de analizar las causas y la evolución de los trastornos del comportamiento perturbador (TCP), en la infancia/adolescencia, y su repercusión en el desarrollo de un posible trastorno por abuso de sustancias (TAS), con el fin de establecer estrategias de actuación desde Enfermería, empleando para ello la taxonomía NANDA-NOC-NIC. La metodología utilizada es la búsqueda sistemática en las principales bases de datos (Biblioteca Cochrane, Tripdatabase, Medline, Lilacs, y CUIDEN), estableciendo como criterios de selección las revisiones sistemáticas y narrativas, metaanálisis, ensayos clínicos aleatorizados (ECA´S) y no aleatorizados y estudios descriptivos u observacionales de calidad indexados en los últimos diez años. Bajo estos criterios seleccionamos finalmente un total de 20 artículos, por su especial relevancia y relación con el tema objeto del presente estudio. En base a esta revisión, y teniendo en cuenta especialmente estudios enfermeros como el de Miotto Wright, que propone el Modelo Crítico-Holístico, esbozamos el protocolo de un Plan de Cuidados. Del análisis realizado se desprende la existencia de una relación de causa-efecto entre los TCP, cada vez más frecuentes entre niños y adolescentes y el desarrollo de un TAS, así como la gran Enfermería Global Nº 19 Junio 2010 Página 2 influencia que en esta evolución tiene el entorno familiar y comunitario. Es por ello que consideramos que el papel de Enfermería puede ser fundamental, en los niveles de diagnóstico precoz, prevención secundaria, tratamiento y rehabilitación. ABSTRACT This study aims to analyze the causes and progression of Disruptive Behavior Disorders (DBD), in childhood / adolescence, and its impact on the development of a possible Substance Abuse Disorder (SAD) in order to establish action strategies from nursing, using the taxonomy NANDA-NOC-NIC. The methodology is the systematic search of major databases (Cochrane Library, Tripdatabase, Medline, Lilacs, and CUIDEN), setting narrative and systematic reviews, meta-analysis, Randomized Clinical Trials (RCTs) and non-randomized and observational or descriptive studies indexed in the last ten years, as the selection criteria. Under these criteria finally we selected a total of 20 articles for their special relevance and relationship to the subject of this study. Based on this review, and taking particular account of the nursing study of Miotto Wright, which proposes the Critical-Holistic Model, the protocol outlines a plan of nursing care. The analysis reveals the existence of a cause-effect relationship between the DBD, increasingly common among children and adolescents, and the development of SAD and the great influence the family and community have on this progression. That is why, we believe that the nursing role can be crucial, in the levels of early diagnosis, secondary prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation.
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- 2010
40. Vertical and Lateral Workplace Bullying in Nursing
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Waschgler, Kathrin, primary, Ruiz-Hernández, José Antonio, additional, Llor-Esteban, Bartolomé, additional, and Jiménez-Barbero, José Antonio, additional
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- 2013
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41. Actitudes transfóbicas y victimización de las personas transgénero en la infancia y la adolescencia
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Martín Castillo, David, Jiménez Barbero, José Antonio, García Arenas, Jose Joaquin, Pastor, Maria del Mar, and Escuela Internacional de Doctorado
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Cambio social ,6 - Ciencias aplicadas::61 - Medicina::614 - Higiene y salud pública. Contaminación. Prevención de accidentes. Enfermería [CDU] ,Psicología ,Sociología de la educación - Abstract
Objetivo La presente tesis doctoral pretendió investigar la victimización de los niños y adolescentes transgénero y su relación con actitudes transfóbicas adquiridas en el proceso educativo. Para ello se llevaron a cabo una investigación que incluyó tres estudios con diferentes metodologías. El desarrollo de los trabajos presentados sigue una secuencia cuyo objeto es que las conclusiones generadas en una investigación sirvan de punto de partida para el estudio siguiente. Metodología La tesis se inicia con una revisión sistemática, estructurada en niveles de evidencia, que examina los factores que influyen en la victimización de las personas trans durante la etapa escolar. La metodología empleada fue la búsqueda bibliográfica en bases de datos electrónicas (Pubmed/Medline, PsycINFO, Cochrane, Lilacs y Web of Science), de estudios publicados a partir del 01/01/2000, enfocados a la victimización de las personas trans durante la etapa escolar. Se localizaron inicialmente 3,252 publicaciones. Finalmente se incluyeron en la revisión sistemática 19 artículos. Posteriormente, se desarrolló un estudio cualitativo fenomenológico, el objetivo de este estudio fue conocer las experiencias de victimización de las personas trans en el ámbito escolar a través de las palabras de los protagonistas y sus familias. La población de este estudio estuvo compuesta por 10 adolescentes trans de entre 11 y 16 años de edad y sus familias residentes en la Región de Murcia y Comunidad Valenciana. Finalmente se llevo a cabo un estudio cuantitativo transversal observacional, en el que se pretendió estudiar las actitudes transfóbicas de los estudiantes universitarios en función del género. Se utilizó un diseño transversal con una muestra de estudiantes universitarios pertenecientes a las diferentes universidades españolas. El protocolo empleado incluye un cuestionario compuesto por 148 ítems. Resultados Los resultados mas relevantes nos mostraron la existencia de diferentes factores (psicosociales, sociodemográficos, personales, del entorno e individuales) que influyen en la victimización de las personas transgénero durante la etapa escolar. Además, se han destacado numerosas consecuencias negativas derivadas del proceso de victimización. Por otra parte, esta revisión apunta la necesidad de intervención sobre los factores que tienen un impacto psicológico y social en el proceso de victimización. Por otro lado, los principales resultados del estudio cualitativo ponen de manifiesto la victimización escolar que sufren los estudiantes trans de primaria y secundaria de dos comunidades autónomas de España así como las consecuencias del bullying sufrido a nivel académico y en los diferentes niveles de salud. Además, sugiere la importancia de integrar en la escuela recursos específicos para prevenir y erradicar la victimización escolar en niños y adolescentes trans, A nivel descriptivo, nuestros resultados indican una mayor actitud transfóbica en chicos que en chicas y personas no binarias. Finalmente se estableció una relación significativa de la variable de estudio con los estilos parentales, destacando una menor transfobia en aquellos estudiantes que recibieron un mayor cuidado por parte de ambos progenitores Aunque este estudio culmina en cierta medida el trabajo planificado, quedan abiertas varias perspectivas para el desarrollo de futuras líneas de investigación en este ámbito, que son comentadas al final del presente trabajo. Conclusiones Esta tesis pone de manifiesto la victimización escolar que sufren los estudiantes trans de primaria y secundaria de dos comunidades autónomas de España así como las consecuencias del bullying sufrido a nivel académico y en los diferentes niveles de salud. En este sentido, se destaca la necesidad de ofrecer información acerca de las personas trans a los estudiantes para fomentar la diversidad de género evitando de esta forma las diferentes formas de victimización en personas trans, y las consecuencias negativas que este proceso ocasiona en los niños y adolescentes dificultando su desarrollo a nivel biopsicosocial. Objective This doctoral thesis sought to investigate the victimization of transgender children and adolescents and its relationship with transphobic attitudes acquired in the educational process. For this, an investigation was carried out that included three studies with different methodologies. The development of the works presented follows a sequence whose purpose is that the conclusions generated in an investigation serve as a starting point for the following study. Methodology The thesis begins with a systematic review, structured in levels of evidence, which examines the factors that influence the victimization of trans people during the school stage. The methodology used was the bibliographic search in electronic databases (Pubmed/Medline, PsycINFO, Cochrane, Lilacs and Web of Science), of studies published as of 01/01/2000, focused on the victimization of trans people during the school stage. Initially 3,252 publications were located. Finally, 19 articles were included in the systematic review. Subsequently, a qualitative phenomenological study was developed, the objective of this study was to know the experiences of victimization of trans people in the school environment through the words of the protagonists and their families. The population of this study was composed of 10 trans adolescents between 11 and 16 years of age and their families residing in the Region of Murcia and the Valencian Community. Finally, an observational cross-sectional quantitative study was carried out, in which it was intended to study the transphobic attitudes of university students according to gender. A cross-sectional design was used with a sample of university students belonging to different Spanish universities. The protocol used includes a questionnaire made up of 148 items. Results The most relevant results showed us the existence of different factors (psychosocial, sociodemographic, personal, environmental and individual) that influence the victimization of transgender people during the school stage. In addition, numerous negative consequences derived from the victimization process have been highlighted. On the other hand, this review points out the need for intervention on the factors that have a psychological and social impact on the victimization process. On the other hand, the main results of the qualitative study highlight the school victimization suffered by trans primary and secondary students from two autonomous communities in Spain, as well as the consequences of bullying suffered at the academic level and at different levels of health. In addition, it suggests the importance of integrating specific resources in the school to prevent and eradicate school victimization in trans children and adolescents, At a descriptive level, our results indicate a greater transphobic attitude in boys than in girls and non-binary people. Finally, a significant relationship was established between the study variable and parenting styles, highlighting less transphobia in those students who received more care from both parents. Although this study completes the planned work to a certain extent, several perspectives remain open for the development of future lines of research in this field, which are commented on at the end of this work. Conclusions This thesis highlights the school victimization suffered by trans primary and secondary students in two autonomous communities in Spain, as well as the consequences of bullying suffered at the academic level and at different levels of health. In this sense, the need to offer information about trans people to students is highlighted in order to promote gender diversity, thus avoiding the different forms of victimization of trans people, and the negative consequences that this process causes in children and adolescents. adolescents hindering their development at the biopsychosocial level.
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- 2022
42. Factores psicosociales y conducta externalizada en adolescentes :la relevancia de los estilos parentales y las actitudes hacia la violencia escolar
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Moral Zafra, Elena, Jiménez Barbero, José Antonio, Ruiz Hernández, José Antonio, and Escuela Internacional de Doctorado
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1 - Filosofía y psicología::159.9 - Psicología [CDU] ,Adolescentes ,Psicología - Abstract
El objetivo general que ha conducido a la realización de los estudios desarrollados en esta tesis ha sido examinar la relación entre los estilos educativos parentales y otros factores psicosociales, como la actitud hacia la violencia de los adolescentes, y la implicación en la violencia escolar en la Región de Murcia. Para ello, en primer lugar realizamos una aproximación conceptual a la violencia en los adolescentes, en un ámbito general, es decir, la externalización de las conductas, y otro más definido, la violencia en el ámbito escolar. Analizaremos los datos de prevalencia, y para su prevención, exploraremos los factores psicosociales que intervienen en su desarrollo en la literatura actual, siempre poniendo especial interés en los estilos parentales y en la actitud de los adolescentes hacia la violencia escolar. En la segunda parte, el trabajo empírico consta de tres estudios redactados en forma de artículo. En el primer estudio, realizamos una revisión sistemática sobre la influencia de los estilos parentales y otros factores psicosociales en el desarrollo de las conductas externalizantes de los adolescentes. El segundo estudio consta de un trabajo transversal que investiga los mismos elementos, así como las actitudes de los adolescentes hacia la violencia en una muestra obtenida de en la Región de Murcia. El último estudio se centra en analizar si las actitudes hacia la violencia o los estilos parentales, entre otros elementos, también están relacionados con la violencia en el ámbito escolar. Los resultados confirman el efecto positivo de un moderado control a la par que afecto, propio del estilo autoritativo, al promover la adquisición de conductas prosociales en sus hijos. En contraposición, el estilo autoritario, definido por ejercer un control férreo, sin mostrar afecto, supone un riesgo para el desarrollo de conductas externalizantes. La disciplina coercitiva, la imposición o el castigo físico, se relacionan con las conductas externalizantes. Entre las posibles diferencias de madres o padres, los resultados apuntan que realmente es el tipo o la dimensión parental que los caracteriza lo que provoca el verdadero efecto, independientemente de quien lo practica. Tampoco existen diferencias en función del género de los adolescentes en el desarrollo de conductas externalizantes. No obstante, durante la revisión algunos trabajos sí encuentran distinciones que se describen en este trabajo. Los siguientes estudios describen las principales características sociales y demográficas de los alumnos de ESO en los centros educativos de la Comunidad Autónoma de Murcia. Respecto a los estilos parentales, los datos son congruentes con los que hemos descrito previamente, y el modelo predictivo, ratifica que el afecto y el cuidado de la madre especialmente, actúa como factor protector frente al desarrollo de problemas de conducta en los chicos y en las chicas. En cuanto a la variable actitud, observamos que cualquier actitud favorable hacia la violencia propicia conductas externalizantes en los adolescentes (agresividad verbal o problemas de conducta). Entre las variables estudiadas existen diferencias de sexo. Así, en los chicos influyen de forma más contundente las actitudes positivas hacia la violencia y usan más la violencia en el entorno escolar en todas sus dimensiones (forma y funciones de la agresión). En cambio, en las chicas median los estilos parentales (afecto paterno y sobreprotección paterna) sobre el desarrollo de conductas externalizantes. Cabe subrayar como tres de las cuatro actitudes examinadas son factores predictores de estas conductas en ambos sexos. Estos hallazgos señalan la falta de estrategias de afrontamiento y habilidades sociales en los jóvenes a la hora de resolver conflictos. Summary The general aim that has led to the realization of the studies developed in this thesis has been to examine the relationship between parental educational styles and other psychosocial factors, such as the attitude towards adolescent violence, and the involvement in school violence in the Region de Murcia. In order to do so, we first carry out a conceptual approach to violence in adolescents, in a general context, that is, the externalization of behaviors, and a more defined one, violence in the school setting. We will analyze the prevalence data, and for its prevention, we will explore the psychosocial factors that intervene in its development in the current literature, always putting special interest in the parental styles and in the attitude of adolescents towards school violence. In the second part, the empirical work consists of three studies written in the form of an article. In the first study, we conducted a systematic review on the influence of parental styles and other psychosocial factors in the development of adolescents' externalizing behaviors. The second study consists of a transverse work that investigates the same elements, as well as the attitudes of adolescents towards violence in a sample obtained from the Region de Murcia. The last study focuses on analyzing whether attitudes towards violence or parental styles, among other elements, are also related to violence in the school setting. The results confirm the positive effect of a moderate control as well as affection, typical of the authoritative style, by promoting the acquisition of prosocial behaviors in their children. In contrast, the authoritarian style, defined by exercising iron control, without showing affection, poses a risk to the development of externalizing behaviors. Coercive discipline, imposition or physical punishment, are related to externalizing behaviors. Among the possible differences of mothers or fathers, the results point out that it is really the type or the parental dimension that characterizes what causes the true effect, regardless of who practices it. There are also no differences according to the gender of the adolescents in the development of externalizing behaviors. However, during the review some works do find distinctions that are described in this work. The following studies describe the main social and demographic characteristics of ESO students in the educational centers of the Comunidad Autónoma de Murcia. Regarding the parental styles, the data are consistent with those previously described, and the predictive model confirms that the affect and care of the mother, especially, acts as a protective factor against the development of behavioral problems in boys and girls. Regarding the attitude variable, we observed that any favorable attitude towards violence encourages externalizing behaviors in adolescents (verbal aggression or behavior problems). Among the variables studied there are sex differences. Thus, in boys, positive attitudes towards violence are more strongly influenced and violence in the school environment is used more in all its dimensions (form and functions of aggression). On the other hand, in the girls mediate the parental styles (paternal affection and paternal overprotection) on the development of externalizing behaviors. It is important to underline how three of the four attitudes examined are predictive factors of these behaviors in both sexes. These findings point to the lack of coping strategies and social skills in young people when it comes to resolving conflicts.
- Published
- 2018
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