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[EN] The DynCoopForSEA data model integrates processed information from two European research projects: DynCoopNet (Ref. ESF-TECT-EUROCORES 0004) and ForSEAdiscovery (PITN-2013- GA607545). It is the result of the collaborative research work of the Principal Investigator and director of the Projects, Prof. Dr. Ana Crespo Solana (GI GECCMA. Department of American Studies, IH-CSIC) with an international team of researchers and in collaboration with the GIS and Digital Humanities Unit of the Centre for Human and Social Sciences of the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)., [ES] El modelo de Datos DynCoopForSEA integra la información procesada de dos proyectos de investigación europeos: DynCoopNet (Ref. ESF-TECT-EUROCORES 0004) y ForSEAdiscovery (PITN-2013- GA607545). Es resultado de los trabajos de investigación colaborativos de la Investigadora Principal y directora de los Proyectos, la prof. Dra. Ana Crespo Solana (GI GECCMA. Departamento de Estudios Americanos, IH-CSIC) con un equipo internacional de investigadores y con la Unidad de SIG y Humanidades Digitales del Centro de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC).

Version of Record online: 13 February 2024; Manuscript accepted: 30 January 2024; Manuscript revised: 29 January 2024; Manuscript received: 05 September 2023., Purpose: To evaluate the optical and aberrometric outcomes of an enhanced monofocal intraocular lens (ISOPure) compared with those of a standard monofocal lens (MicroPure) having the same platform and material. Methods: A prospective, comparative and randomised clinical study. A total of 28 eyes of 28 patients were randomly assigned to either group. Monocular visual acuity (VA) was measured at distance and intermediate under photopic and mesopic conditions. Aberrometry was analysed for 3.0-, 4.0-, 4.5- and 5.0 mm pupils. The contrast sensitivity defocus curve was measured for 3.0- and 4.5-mm pupils, while the modulation transfer function (MTF) and Strehl ratio (SR) were assessed with a double-pass system. All measurements were performed monocularly 3 months after surgery. Results: No significant differences were found for distance VA. Under photopic conditions, intermediate VA was better with the ISOPure lens, while no significant differences were found between the lenses under mesopic conditions. Internal and total aberrations were higher for the ISOPure lens. No significant differences were found for corneal aberrations. Additionally, both the contrast sensitivity defocus curve and optical quality showed similar behaviour for each lens, with the MTF cut-off frequency exceeding 30 c/deg in both cases. Conclusion: The isofocal ISOPure lens enhanced intermediate VA without affecting distance VA under photopic conditions. Moreover, there were no significant differences in visual quality between the ISOPure and MicroPure lenses, despite the former exhibiting higher internal and total aberrations than the monofocal model., Depto. de Optometría y Visión, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, TRUE, inpress

Deflectometry is an optical technique for determining properties such as power distribution, wavefront, etc., and measurement of the optical properties of an intraocular lens can provide relevant information for clinicians. The aim of the current study was to establish a protocol for measuring lens power maps and profiles of various optical designs of intraocular lenses with a deflectometer based on the phase-shifting Schlieren principle (NIMO TR1504, Lambda-X, Nivelles, Belgium). The results are discussed with respect to accuracy and repeatability, the influence of the use of filters, and whether to consider the intraocular lens as a thin or thick lens., Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Depto. de Óptica, Depto. de Optometría y Visión, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, TRUE, pub

The optical quality of a set of IOLs (modeling set: one monofocal and two bifocals) was assessed through focus by the area under the modulation transfer function (MTFa) metric and related to the visual acuity (VA) defocus curves of pseudophakic patients implanted with said IOLs. A non-linear relationship between the MTFa and clinical VA was obtained with an asymptotic limit found to be the best VA achievable by the patients. Two mathematical fitting functions between clinical VA and MTFa were derived with high correlation coefficients (R2≥0.85). They were applied to the MTFa obtained from a different set of IOLs with advanced designs (trial set: one extended range of vision -ERV-, one trifocal ERV and one trifocal apodized) to predict VA versus defocus of patients implanted with these IOLs. Differences between the calculated VA and the clinical VA for both fitting models were within the standard deviation of the clinical measurements in the range of -3.00 D to 0.00 D defocus, thus proving the suitability of the MTFa metric to predict clinical VA performance of new IOL designs., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad de España, Fondos FEDER, Depto. de Optometría y Visión, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, TRUE, pub

The aim of this work was to compare an enhanced monofocal (RayOne EMV RAO200E, Rayner) and standard monofocal (RayOne RAO600C Aspheric, Rayner) intraocular lenses (IOLs) for three nominal powers (+10.00 D, +20.00 D and +30.00 D) as a function of the optical aperture diameter (pupil diameter) using a commercial Schlieren phase-shifting deflectometer NIMO TR1504 (Lambda-X, Belgium). From the wavefront maps measured by this instrument, the radial power profiles, the spherical aberration coefficients of the Zernike polynomial expansion (as a function of the optical aperture radius), and the root-mean-square (RMS) of the high-order aberrations (HOAs) were obtained and analyzed by comparing the two models. The results showed that the effective added power that could be obtained with the enhanced model depended directly on the pupil size and the power of the IOL implanted. The higher additions were achieved with the higher nominal IOL powers. The relationship between the pupil diameter, the corneal aberration of the patients and the power profile of these IOLs could have a crucial implication on the far distance and the final effective addition. However, it is important to note that these findings should be clinically validated through the implantation of these models in patients’ lenses., Agencia Estatal de Investigación (ESpaña), Depto. de Optometría y Visión, Depto. de Óptica, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, TRUE, pub

Purpose: To evaluate the early clinical outcomes of a new diffractive extended depth-of-focus (EDOF) intraocular lens (IOL). Methods: Prospective case series enrolling patients undergoing cataract surgery with implantation of the EDOF IOL AT LARA (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany). Distance, intermediate and near visual acuity were evaluated during a follow-up of 1 month. Likewise, defocus curve, binocular mesopic contrast sensitivity, perception of photic phenomena, patient satisfaction and spectacle independence were assessed. Results: The study enrolled 38 eyes of 19 patients with a mean age of 69.5 years. A significant reduction of manifest refraction and improvement in corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) was observed with surgery (p < 0.001). All eyes achieved a 1-month postoperative binocular CDVA of 20/20 or better. Likewise, all eyes achieved a DCIVA of 20/30 or better at 1 month postoperatively, and a total of 92.1% achieved DCNVA of 20/40 or better. Concerning refractive predictability, 97.4% of eyes had a 1-month postoperative spherical equivalent within ±0.50 D. The level of patient satisfaction with distance, intermediate and near vision was high, with 95% of patients reporting that they would have the same surgical procedure with the same IOL again. Difficulties in night driving or associated to halos were low. A total of 89% of patients reported to be spectacle independent postoperatively. Conclusions: The EDOF IOL AT LARA is able to provide a functional restoration of the visual function across distances after cataract surgery, with very high levels of patient satisfaction and minimal incidence of photic phenomena., Depto. de Optometría y Visión, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, TRUE, pub

Received: June 13, 2015 Accepted: February 04, 2016, PURPOSE: To compare visual outcomes, rotational stability, and centration in a randomized controlled trial in patients undergoing cataract surgery who were bilaterally implanted with two different trifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) with a similar optical zone but different haptic shape. METHODS: Twenty-one patients (42 eyes) with cataract and less than 1.50 D of corneal astigmatism underwent implantation of one FineVision/MicoF IOL in one eye and one POD FineVision IOL in the contralateral eye (PhysIOL, Liège, Belgium) at IOA Madrid Innova Ocular, Madrid, Spain. IOL allocation was random. Outcome measures, all evaluated 3 months postoperatively, included monocular and binocular uncorrected distance (UDVA), corrected distance (CDVA), distance-corrected intermediate (DCIVA), and near (DCNVA) visual acuity (at 80, 40, and 25 cm) under photopic conditions, refraction, IOL centration, haptic rotation, dysphotopsia, objective quality of vision and aberration quantification, patient satisfaction, and spectacle independence. RESULTS: Three months postoperatively, mean monocular UDVA, CDVA, DCIVA, and DCNVA (40 cm) under photopic conditions were 0.04 ± 0.07, 0.01 ± 0.04, 0.15 ± 0.11, and 0.16 ± 0.08 logMAR for the eyes implanted with the POD FineVision IOL and 0.03 ± 0.05, 0.01 ± 0.02, 0.17 ± 0.12, and 0.14 ± 0.08 logMAR for those receiving the FineVision/MicroF IOL. Moreover, the POD FineVision IOL showed similar centration (P > .05) and better rotational stability (P < .05) than the FineVision/MicroF IOL. Regarding halos, there was a minimal but statistically significant difference, obtaining better results with FineVision/MicroF. Full spectacle independence was reported by all patients. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed similar visual outcomes for both trifocal IOLs under test (POD FineVision and FineVision/MicroF). However, the POD FineVision IOL showed better rotational stability, as afforded by its design., Depto. de Optometría y Visión, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, TRUE, pub

Corrected proof. © 2014 Sociedad Española de Oftalmología. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. Todos los derechos reservados., Caso clínico: Presentamos el caso de una paciente operada previamente de cirugía de glaucoma con dispositivo XEN® sin incidencias, que presenta una ampolla hipertrófica produciendo un ectropión mecánico secundario. Se describe la técnica «Dry Lake» consistente en drenaje de la ampolla, previo bloqueo viscoelástico del dispositivo XEN® vía ab-interno, y el sellado de la ampolla inferior con pegamento tisular. Discusión: En el manejo de este tipo de ampollas se han postulado tratamientos médicos, suturas compresoras e incluso la utilización de sangre autóloga. El uso del Tissucol®, ya descrito en la cirugía del glaucoma, puede ser útil en este tipo de casos de ampollas hipertróficas secundarias al dispositivo ab-interno XEN®., Case report: The case of a patient with previous uncomplicated XEN® drainage glaucoma surgery is described, who presented with hypertrophic bleb and mechanical ectropion. Treatment consisted of the «Dry Lake» procedure to drain the hypertrophic bleb following blockage with viscoelastic of the ab-interno stent and bleb sealing with a tissue adhesive. Discussion: Proposals for the management of this type of bleb include therapeutic strategies, sutures or even autologous blood. The use of Tissucol®, already described in glaucoma surgery, may be appropriate to treat this complication of XEN® placement., Depto. de Optometría y Visión, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, TRUE, inpress

Este documento es un postprint., PURPOSE: To evaluate rotational stability and its influ-ence on postoperative visual acuity of different monofocal and multifocal toric intraocular lenses (IOLs). METHODS: A prospective interventional study was designed. Ninety-one patients with a mean age of 71.65 ± 11.82 years were implanted with toric IOLs after phacoemulsification. Three monofocal toric IOLs (the Lentis LT [Oculentis, Berlin, Germany], enVista [Bausch & Lomb, Rochester, NY], and AcrySof IQ [Alcon Laboratories, Inc., Fort Worth, TX]) and one multifocal toric IOL (AcrySof IQ ReSTOR; Alcon Laboratories, Inc.) were implanted. Preoperative and postoperative images were taken to calculate the misalignment due to the marking method. To evaluate rotation in the different follow-up visits, another photograph was taken 1 hour and 1, 7 and 30 days postoperatively. Refraction, uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), and corrected distance visual acuity were measured 30 days postoperatively. RESULTS: Postoperative UDVA was 0.1 logMAR or better in 64.6% of eyes implanted with monofocal IOLs and 46.4% of eyes implanted with multifocal IOLs. The enVista toric IOL showed the best UDVA compared to the other monofocal IOLs, with 81% of eyes with 0.1 logMAR or better. The mean misalignment in the total group studied was 0.07° ± 0.60°; 69.6% of monofocal IOLs and 67.9% of multifocal IOLs showed less than 5° of rotation. A correlation was found between postoperative UDVA and rotation in the monofocal and multifocal IOLs implanted (r = 0.439 [P < .011] and = 0.787 [P = .001], respectively). CONCLUSIONS: At 1 month postoperatively, UDVA was slightly more affected by IOL rotation in multifocal than monofocal toric IOLs. The marking method was also effective., Depto. de Optometría y Visión, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, TRUE, pub

Received 11 July 2016, Accepted 2 September 2016, Available online 25 October 2016, Purpose: to determine whether pupil dilation affects biometric measurements and intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation made using the new swept-source optical coherence tomography-based optical biometer (IOLMaster 700©; Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany). Procedures: eighty-one eyes of 81 patients evaluated for cataract surgery were prospectively examined using the IOLMaster 700© before and after pupil dilation with tropicamide 1%. The measurements made were: axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), aqueous chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), mean keratometry (MK), white-to-white distance (WTW) and pupil diameter (PD). Holladay II and SRK/T formulas were used to calculate IOL power. Agreement between measurement modes (with and without dilation) was assessed through intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots. Results: mean patient age was 75.17 ± 7.54 years (range: 57–92). Of the variables determined, CCT, ACD, LT and WTW varied significantly according to pupil dilation. Excellent intraobserver correlation was observed between measurements made before and after pupil dilation. Mean IOL power calculation using the Holladay 2 and SRK/T formulas were unmodified by pupil dilation. Conclusions: the use of pupil dilation produces statistical yet not clinically significant differences in some IOLMaster 700© measurements. However, it does not affect mean IOL power calculation., Propos Déterminer si la dilatation pupillaire modifie les mesures biométriques et le calcul de la puissance de l’implant intraoculaire obtenus avec un nouveau biomètre optique basé sur la tomographie par cohérence optique swept-source (IOLMaster 700© ; Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Allemagne) Méthodes Nous avons évalué prospectivement 81 yeux de 81 patients prévus pour la chirurgie de la cataracte au moyen du biomètre IOLMaster 700©, avant et après dilatation pupillaire avec tropicamide 1 %. Les mesures réalisées ont été : longueur axiale (AL), épaisseur cornéenne centrale (CCT), profondeur de la chambre antérieure (épaisseur cornéenne exclue) (ACD), épaisseur cristallinienne (LT), kératométrie moyenne (MK), distance blanc à blanc (WTW) et diamètre pupillaire (PD). Les formules Holladay II et SRK/T ont été employées pour calculer la puissance de l’implant intraoculaire. Nous avons évalué la concordance entre les deux méthodes de mesure (sous dilatation pupillaire et sans) au moyen des coefficients de corrélation intraclasse (ICC) et des graphiques de Bland-Altman. Résultats La moyenne d’âge des patients était de 75,17 ± 7,54 ans (intervalle : 57–92). Parmi les variables mesurées, la CCT, l’ACD, la LT et la WTW montraient des variations significatives en fonction de la dilatation pupillaire. On a observé une excellente corrélation intra-observateur entre les mesures réalisées avant et après la dilatation pupillaire. Celle-ci ne modifiait pas la prédiction de la puissance moyenne de l’implant avec Holladay 2 et SKR/T. Conclusions L’emploi de tropicamide 1 % produit des différences significatives du point de vue statistique mais pas clinique sur certaines mesures réalisées avec IOLMaster 700©. Cependant, la mesure de la puissance moyenne de l’implant intraoculaire n’est pas affectée., Depto. de Optometría y Visión, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, TRUE, inpress

Purpose: The scientific community has established Javal’s rule as a model linking refractive (RA) and keratometric (KA) astigmatism since its appearance more than 100 years ago. The aim was to improve the accuracy of this relationship according to subject’s age by applying the power vector analysis. Posterior corneal curvature has also been studied. Methods: The IOLMaster 700 optical biometer was used to measure the corneal thickness and the radius of curvature of the anterior and posterior corneal surfaces. Refractive error was determined by a non-cycloplegic subjective refraction process with trial lenses. Linear regression analyses were applied using J 0 and J 45 power vector components. An evaluation was carried out according to the subject’s age resulting into eight regression relationships for each astigmatic vector component for each relationship. Results: A total of 2254 right eyes from 2254 healthy subjects were evaluated. A trend towards against-the-rule astigmatism (ATR) was found with aging, both for refractive astigmatism (RA) and keratometric astigmatism (KA), with 95.2% of subjects under 20 years old having with-the-rule (WTR) KA, and only 22.8% above 79 years old. The following regression equations were found between RA and KA: J0RA = 0.73 × J0KA − 0.18 (R = 0.78) and J45RA = 0.70 × J45KA + 0.04 (R = 0.69) and between RA and total corneal astigmatism (TCA): J0RA = 0.73 × J0TCA + 0.13 (R=0.78) and J45RA = 0.70 × J45TCA − 0.06 (R = 0.68) for the whole sample, but with sensible differences among age groups, both in the slope and in the intercept. Conclusion: Ignoring the age of the subject when using Javal’s rule could lead to an error in the final cylinder calculation that would increase in high astigmatisms. Applying this new power vector approach based on subject’s age could improve the accuracy of the astigmatism prediction., Ministerio de Universidades de España, Depto. de Optometría y Visión, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, TRUE, inpress

Purpose: To evaluate medium-term clinical outcomes with XEN® 45 or XEN® 63 Gel Stent (Allergan, Dublin, Ireland) for treatment of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). Materials and Methods. Retrospective, descriptive, and observational study involving 40 patients implanted with a XEN® 45 Gel Stent and 34 implanted with a XEN® 63 Gel Stent who had undergone POAG surgery and had been followed up and controlled between 12 and 36 months. Results: IOP dropped from 18.02 ± 5.23 mmHg preop to 13.81 ± 1.88, 14.80 ± 2.23, and 14.62 ± 1.90 at 1, 2, and 3 years after surgery (p < 0.001) consecutively with XEN® 45 and from 19.00 ± 6.11 mmHg preop to 15.47 ± 2.45, 14.66 ± 2.45, and 15.46 ± 2.48 at 1, 2, and 3 years after surgery (p < 0.001) with XEN® 63. The number of drugs used by patients to treat their glaucoma decreased after undergoing surgery in both groups. Within the XEN® 45 group, mean changes at 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years amounted to 70%, 74.3%, and 37.5%, respectively, whereas within the XEN® 63 group, the mean reduction was 75%, 79.8%, and 71.9%. When comparing the outcomes for the two groups, the differences did not prove to be statistically significant. More than 90% of the procedures included in the study (using either gel-stent device) were completed without any noteworthy complications. Conclusion: POAG surgical procedures with either XEN® 45 or XEN® 63 Gel Stent implantation could be a safe and effective treatment approach., Depto. de Optometría y Visión, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, TRUE, pub

En abierto en la web del editor. Submitted 3/3/2015 ; Revised 6/2/2015 ; Accepted 6/9/2015., PURPOSE: To evaluate visual results with two multifocal diffractive lenses designed with the same platform but with different additions. SETTING: Grupo Innova Ocular clinics. METHODS: A total of 50 eyes from 50 patients were included. Group 1 (n = 25) was implanted with the TECNIS® 1 ZLB +3.25 and group 2 (n = 25) with the TECNIS® 1 ZKB +2.75. Patients were assessed at 24 hours, 1 week and 1 month postoperatively. At surgical discharge, corrected (CDVA) and uncorrected distance visual acuity (UCDVA), near visual acuity (VA) at 25, 40 and 80 cm, visual quality and the defocus curve were measured. RESULTS: Changes in sphere and spherical equivalent were statistically significant (p<0.01) in both groups at 1 week and 1 month compared to preoperative values. In group 1, UCDVA logMAR at 1 month was 0.06 ± 0.02. In group 2, UCDVA at 1 month was 0.03 ± 0.03. In near vision, the TECNIS® 1 ZLB group obtained a VA logMAR of 0.35 ± 0.02 at 25 cm, 0.13 ± 0.02 at 40 cm and 0.27 ± 0.02 at 80 cm, while in the TECNIS® 1 ZKB group, the values were 0.38 ± 0.03, 0.14 ± 0.03 and 0.23 ± 0.06, respectively. No statistically significant differences were found either when results for visual quality were compared. CONCLUSION: Both the TECNIS® 1 ZLB and TECNIS® 1 ZKB are excellent options for obtaining good distance and near vision, in addition to providing good intermediate vision, especially at distances such as those required for working with computers., Depto. de Optometría y Visión, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, TRUE, pub

Received 16 January 2015, Revised 30 March 2015, Accepted 31 March 2015, Available online 17 December 2015, PURPOSE: To measure the longitudinal chromatic aberration invivo using psychophysical and wavefront-sensing methods in patients with bilateral implantation of monofocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) of similar aspheric design but different materials (hydrophobic Podeye and hydrophilic Poday). SETTING: Instituto de Optica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Madrid, Spain. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. METHODS: Measurements were performed with the use of psychophysical (480 to 700 nm) and wavefront-sensing (480 to 950 nm) methods using a custom-developed adaptive optics system. Chromatic difference-of-focus curves were obtained from best-focus data at each wavelength, and the longitudinal chromatic aberration was obtained from the slope of linear regressions to those curves. RESULTS: The longitudinal chromatic aberration from psychophysical measurements was 1.37 diopters (D) ± 0.08 (SD) (hydrophobic) and 1.21 ± 0.08 D (hydrophilic). From wavefront-sensing, the longitudinal chromatic aberration was 0.88 ± 0.07 D and 0.73 ± 0.09 D, respectively. At 480 to 950 nm, the longitudinal chromatic aberration was 1.27 ± 0.09 D (hydrophobic) and 1.02 ± 0.13 D (hydrophilic). The longitudinal chromatic aberration was consistently higher in eyes with the hydrophobic IOL than in eyes with the hydrophilic IOL (a difference of 0.16 D and 0.15 D, respectively). Similar to findings in young phakic eyes, the longitudinal chromatic aberration from the psychophysical method was consistently higher than from wavefront-sensing, by 0.48 D (35.41%) for the hydrophobic IOL and 0.48 D (39.43%) for the hydrophilic IOL. CONCLUSION: Longitudinal chromatic aberrations were smaller with hydrophilic IOLs than with hydrophobic IOLs of the same design., Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN), European Research Council (ERC), Depto. de Optometría y Visión, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, TRUE, pub