1,649 results on '"Jihye Kim"'
Search Results
2. Basic knowledge for counseling patients undergoing risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy
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Jihye Kim and Chel Hun Choi
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brca mutation ,breast cancer ,epithelial ovarian cancer ,menopause ,risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 - Abstract
Significant progress has been made in the molecular diagnosis of cancer. It provides personalized medicine, including cancer diagnosis, prognosis, targeted therapy, and risk detection. These advances allow physicians to identify patients at risk for cancer before it develops and offer them an opportunity to prevent its development. Mutations in breast cancer susceptibility genes 1 and 2 (BRCA1 and 2) are one of the most well-known cancer-related gene mutations since actor Angelina Jolie shared her experience with genetic mutations and risk-reducing surgery in the media. In Korea, tests for germline BRCA1/2 mutations have been covered by insurance since May 2012 and the number of women of BRCA1/2 mutations has continued to increase over the past decade. Most carriers of BRCA1/2 mutations consider risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) resulting in early menopause and want to know the lifetime risks and benefits of RRSO. However, despite the increasing number of carriers of BRCA1/2 mutations, the counseling and management of patients requiring RRSO varies among physicians. This article provides basic knowledge on RRSO to help physicians comprehensively assess its risks and benefits and manage at-risk women.
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- 2024
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3. The Information Billboard: Effects of Popular Search Terms on Search Behaviors and Digital Divide.
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Yunha Park, Jihye Kim, Kyu-Min Lee, and Wonseok Oh
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- 2024
4. Examination of Social Determinants of Health Characteristics Influencing Maternal Postpartum Symptom Experiences
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Scroggins, Jihye Kim, Yang, Qing, Tully, Kristin P., Reuter-Rice, Karin, and Brandon, Debra
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- 2024
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5. Sex differences of the association between handgrip strength and health-related quality of life among patients with cancer
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Jihye Kim, Yujin Kim, Jae Won Oh, and San Lee
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Handgrip strength ,Health-related quality of life ,KNHANES ,Patients with cancer ,Mental health ,Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract The purpose of this study is to investigate the association between handgrip strength (HGS) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), demonstrating HGS as an effective indicator for evaluating HRQoL of patients with cancer. Analyzing 1657 Korean adult cancer patients (644 males, 1013 females) aged ≥ 20 years from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2014–2019), HGS was standardized based on body mass index and categorized by sex. HRQoL was assessed using the Euro Quality of Life-5-Dimension 3-Level version (EQ-5D-3L) Index. Lower relative HGS was associated with decreased HRQoL in female patients, while no significant association was found in male patients. The lowest quartile of relative HGS exhibited a 2.5-fold decrease in HRQoL compared to the highest quartile (OR 2.50, 95% CI 1.59–3.95, p
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- 2024
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6. ADGRG1-related polymicrogyria syndrome: report on a large consanguineous family with a novel variant and review
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Dalida El Khatib, Moussa Hojeij, Sandra Sabbagh, Cybel Mehawej, Eliane Chouery, Seung Woo Ryu, JiHye Kim, and Andre Mégarbané
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Consanguinity ,Exome ,Intellectual disability ,Polymicrogyria ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Genetics ,QH426-470 - Abstract
Abstract Background Polymicrogyria is a spectrum of complex cortical malformations encompassing multiple subtypes. Of these, bilateral frontoparietal polymicrogyria (BFPP) has been associated with pathogenic variants in the ADGRG1 gene, formerly known as GPR56. BFPP is characterized by cognitive impairment, motor delay, seizures, oculomotor findings, cerebellar, pyramidal signs, and brain malformations that consist of abnormal changes in the cortex, white matter, brainstem, and cerebellum. Case presentation A large consanguineous Syrian family with five affected individuals exhibiting features of BFPP, is included in this study. These patients presented with cognitive impairment, psychomotor delay, epileptic episodes, cerebellar signs, oculomotor findings, and brain malformations. Through whole exome sequencing, a novel homozygous pathogenic variant in the ADGRG1 gene (NM_201525.4: c.308T > C; p.Leu103Pro) was identified. Conclusion Here, we report a thorough literature review of cases with BFPP, and we discuss the importance of genetic counseling in families with genetic disorders, especially in underdeveloped countries.
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- 2024
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7. Simultaneous removal and separate recovery of radioactive Cs+ and I− ions from wastewater using a reusable bifunctional composite, Ni@Pt/K2NiFe(CN)6
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Hwakyeung Jeong, Dong Woo Lee, Jihye Kim, and Sang-Eun Bae
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Bifunctional composite ,Cesium and iodine removal ,Separate recovery ,Reusable ,Electrochemical control ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Radioactive Cs+ and I− ions are major components of nuclear wastewater, typically existing as counter ions. Due to their high water solubility and mobility, these ions can spread through contaminated water and soil into ecosystems, necessitating continuous removal and management. In this study, we synthesized a reusable bifunctional Ni@Pt/K2NiFe(CN)6 composite that can simultaneously remove radioactive Cs+ and I− ions and, for the first time, enable their separate recovery in aqueous solutions. In this material, K2NiFe(CN)6 acted as an electrochemically switched ion exchanger, controlling the adsorption/desorption of Cs+, while Pt enabled the spontaneous adsorption and electrochemical desorption of I−, and the magnetic Ni core allowed for efficient adsorbent recovery. The adsorption isotherms of both Cs+ and I− were best fitted using the Langmuir model, and the corresponding adsorption capacities were comparable to those of conventional adsorbents used for the separate removal of Cs+ and I−. Furthermore, the composite demonstrated stability over 100 sorption cycles, maintaining high recovery efficiencies of 97.9 % for Cs+ and 99.7 % for I−, thereby proving its reusability. Thus, the developed composite holds great promise for radioactive wastewater treatment and environmental restoration.
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- 2024
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8. Transcriptome-wide association study and Mendelian randomization in pancreatic cancer identifies susceptibility genes and causal relationships with type 2 diabetes and venous thromboembolismResearch in context
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Marcus C.B. Tan, Chelsea A. Isom, Yangzi Liu, David-Alexandre Trégouët, Lang Wu, Dan Zhou, Eric R. Gamazon, Sara Lindstrom, Lu Wang, Erin Smith, William Gordon, Astrid Van Hylckama Vlieg, Mariza De Andrade, Jennifer Brody, Jack Pattee, Jeffrey Haessler, Ben Brumpton, Daniel Chasman, Pierre Suchon, Ming-Huei Chen, Constance Turman, Marine Germain, Kerri Wiggins, James MacDonald, Sigrid Braekkan, Sebastian Armasu, Nathan Pankratz, Rabecca Jackson, Jonas Nielsen, Franco Giulianini, Marja Puurunen, Manal Ibrahim, Susan Heckbert, Theo Bammler, Kelly Frazer, Bryan McCauley, Kent Taylor, James Pankow, Alexander Reiner, Maiken Gabrielsen, Jean-François Deleuze, Chris O'Donnell, Jihye Kim, Barbara McKnight, Peter Kraft, John-Bjarne Hansen, Frits Rosendaal, John Heit, Bruce Psaty, Weihong Tang, Charles Kooperberg, Kristian Hveem, Paul Ridker, Pierre-Emmanuel Morange, Andrew Johnson, Christopher Kabrhel, and Nicholas Smith
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Genome-wide association study ,Models ,Genetic ,Polymorphism ,Single nucleotide ,Case-control studies ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Summary: Background: Two important questions regarding the genetics of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are 1. Which germline genetic variants influence the incidence of this cancer; and 2. Whether PDAC causally predisposes to associated non-malignant phenotypes, such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) and venous thromboembolism (VTE). Methods: In this study of 8803 patients with PDAC and 67,523 controls, we first performed a large-scale transcriptome-wide association study to investigate the association between genetically determined gene expression in normal pancreas tissue and PDAC risk. Secondly, we used Mendelian Randomization (MR) to analyse the causal relationships among PDAC, T2D (74,124 cases and 824,006 controls) and VTE (30,234 cases and 172,122 controls). Findings: Sixteen genes showed an association with PDAC risk (FDR
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- 2024
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9. Opportunity for Early De-escalation in Enterobacterales Bacteremia with Rapid Blood Culture Identification Technology
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Erin Deja, Jihye Kim, Adam Greenfield, Kimberly Lee, Melissa Godwin, Alexandra Bryson, Sangeeta Sastry, and Christopher Doern
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Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Background: The BioFire FilmArray Blood Culture Identification 2 (BCID2) Panel is used to identify organisms present in positive blood cultures within hours of detection at Virginia Commonwealth University Health System (VCUHS). BCID2 is also able to detect common resistance mechanisms including CTX-M, the most common extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) in the United States, and several carbapenemases. The Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (ASP) at VCUHS established optimal treatment recommendations for each organism identified by BCID2 based on the detection of a resistance mechanism and local resistance patterns. The recommendation for the majority of Enterobacterales without a detected resistance mechanism is ceftriaxone. However, providers are often reluctant to de-escalate antibiotics without confirmed susceptibility testing, as there may be other mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative organisms. The objective of this evaluation was to measure the degree of congruence between BCID2 resistance mechanism detection and susceptibility testing by disk diffusion, and to validate the adequacy of the VCUHS ASP BCID2 treatment recommendations for Enterobacterales bacteremia. Methods: Patients with positive Enterobacterales BCID2 results from March 12 to June 19, 2023 were retrospectively identified. Organisms identified by BCID2 that were considered high-risk for clinically significant AmpC production due to an inducible AmpC gene (i.e., K. aerogenes, E. cloacae complex) were excluded. Results: A total of 270 results were included. The most commonly identified organism was E. coli (n = 139, 51.5%), followed by K. pneumoniae (n = 74, 27.4%). There were 27 (10%) isolates positive for CTX-M and 1 (0.4%) isolate positive for KPC. All CTX-M isolates were ceftriaxone resistant, and the KPC isolate was meropenem resistant. The remaining 242 isolates were negative for all resistance markers detected by BCID2. Of these, only 3 (1.2%) were resistant to ceftriaxone and notably, 8 (3.3%) were resistant to piperacillin/tazobactam. Overall, BCID2 CTX-M detection was 90% sensitive and 100% specific for predicting ceftriaxone resistance in Enterobacterales. Conclusion: CTX-M detection by BCID2 is highly sensitive and specific for predicting ceftriaxone resistance in Enterobacterales. CTX-M negative isolates were more often susceptible to ceftriaxone than to piperacillin/tazobactam, which is commonly used as empiric therapy for Gram-negative organisms at our institution. This highlights an excellent opportunity for safe and effective early de-escalation of antibiotics for treatment of Enterobacterales bacteremia.
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- 2024
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10. Association between drinking behaviors, sleep duration, and depressive symptoms
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Yujin Kim, Jihye Kim, Jae Won Oh, and San Lee
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Depressive symptoms ,Drinking behaviors ,Sleep duration ,KNHANES ,PHQ-9 ,Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Excessive alcohol consumption has been consistently linked to depression. This study, utilizing nationwide samples from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (n = 21,440) examined the association between drinking behaviors and depressive symptoms while also exploring the influence of sleep duration on this relationship. Demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related factors were included as covariates in the multivariable logistic regression analysis to assess their relationships with depressive symptoms. Based on their sleep duration, the participants were divided into subgroups to explore how sleep duration affects the relationship between drinking behaviors and depressive symptoms. Moderate alcohol consumption (1–4 times a month) was associated with reduced likelihood of experiencing depressive symptoms in women (p = 0.024), with a similar trend observed among men (p = 0.001). Men who started consuming alcohol before the age of 19 had a higher likelihood of experiencing depressive symptoms (p = 0.048). Only women who consumed more alcohol per occasion (≥ 7 drinks) had higher odds of depressive symptoms (p = 0.001). This study revealed complex factors that influence depressive symptoms, including alcohol consumption and sleep duration. This highlights the importance of tailored interventions based on sleep duration and sociodemographic characteristics for preventing and treating depression.
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- 2024
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11. A Hardware-Based Correct Execution Environment Supporting Virtual Memory
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Daehyeon Lee, Ohsuk Shin, Yeonghyeon Cha, Junghee Lee, Taisic Yun, Jihye Kim, Hyunok Oh, Chrysostomos Nicopoulos, and Sang Su Lee
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Hardware ,verifiable computation ,isolation ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 - Abstract
The rapid increase in data generation has led to outsourcing computation to cloud service providers, allowing clients to handle large tasks without investing resources. However, this brings up security concerns, and while there are solutions like fully homomorphic encryption and specific task-oriented methods, challenges in optimizing performance and enhancing security models remain for widespread industry adoption. Outsourcing computations to an untrusted remote computer can be risky, but attestation techniques and verifiable computation schemes aim to ensure the correct execution of outsourced computations. Nevertheless, the latter approach incurs significant overhead in generating a proof for the client. To minimize this overhead, the concept of a Correct Execution Environment (CEE) has been proposed (CEEv1), which omits proof generation for trusted parts of the prover. This paper proposes a new hardware-based CEE (CEEv2) that supports virtual memory and uses an inverted page table mechanism to detect, or prevent, illegal modifications to page mappings. The proposed mechanism supports virtual memory and thwarts virtual-to-physical mapping attacks, while minimizing software modifications. The paper also compares the proposed mechanism to other similar mechanisms used in AMD’s SEV-SNP and Intel’s SGX.
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- 2024
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12. Programmable RNA base editing with photoactivatable CRISPR-Cas13
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Jeonghye Yu, Jongpil Shin, Jihwan Yu, Jihye Kim, Daseuli Yu, and Won Do Heo
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Science - Abstract
Abstract CRISPR-Cas13 is widely used for programmable RNA interference, imaging, and editing. In this study, we develop a light-inducible Cas13 system called paCas13 by fusing Magnet with fragment pairs. The most effective split site, N351/C350, was identified and found to exhibit a low background and high inducibility. We observed significant light-induced perturbation of endogenous transcripts by paCas13. We further present a light-inducible base-editing system, herein called the padCas13 editor, by fusing ADAR2 to catalytically inactive paCas13 fragments. The padCas13 editor enabled reversible RNA editing under light and was effective in editing A-to-I and C-to-U RNA bases, targeting disease-relevant transcripts, and fine-tuning endogenous transcripts in mammalian cells in vitro. The padCas13 editor was also used to adjust post-translational modifications and demonstrated the ability to activate target transcripts in a mouse model in vivo. We therefore present a light-inducible RNA-modulating technique based on CRISPR-Cas13 that enables target RNAs to be diversely manipulated in vitro and in vivo, including through RNA degradation and base editing. The approach using the paCas13 system can be broadly applicable to manipulating RNA in various disease states and physiological processes, offering potential additional avenues for research and therapeutic development.
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- 2024
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13. zkLogis: Scalable, Privacy-Enhanced, and Traceable Logistics on Public Blockchain.
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Jongho Kim, Junhee Lee, Hyunok Oh, and Jihye Kim
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- 2024
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14. Liebig's law of the minimum in the TGF-β/SMAD pathway.
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Yuchao Li, Difan Deng, Chris Tina Höfer, Jihye Kim, Won Do Heo, Quanbin Xu, Xuedong Liu, and Zhike Zi
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Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Cells use signaling pathways to sense and respond to their environments. The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) pathway produces context-specific responses. Here, we combined modeling and experimental analysis to study the dependence of the output of the TGF-β pathway on the abundance of signaling molecules in the pathway. We showed that the TGF-β pathway processes the variation of TGF-β receptor abundance using Liebig's law of the minimum, meaning that the output-modifying factor is the signaling protein that is most limited, to determine signaling responses across cell types and in single cells. We found that the abundance of either the type I (TGFBR1) or type II (TGFBR2) TGF-β receptor determined the responses of cancer cell lines, such that the receptor with relatively low abundance dictates the response. Furthermore, nuclear SMAD2 signaling correlated with the abundance of TGF-β receptor in single cells depending on the relative expression levels of TGFBR1 and TGFBR2. A similar control principle could govern the heterogeneity of signaling responses in other signaling pathways.
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- 2024
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15. A Survey of Utilization and Satisfaction of Korean Subfertility Treatment among Korean Women
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Minjung Park, Seungwon Shin, Jihye Kim, Jong-hyun Kim, Dong-Il Kim, Soo-Hyun Sung, and Jang-Kyung Park
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infertility ,subfertility ,Korean medicine ,survey ,Medicine - Abstract
Low fertility is a critical social problem worldwide, and infertility has a prevalence of 15%. This cross-sectional study aimed to understand the factors affecting the usage and satisfaction of Korean medicine (KM) in subfertile women. An online survey was conducted from 3 November to 8 November 2021. The survey collected basic information, KM treatment experience, and satisfaction from women who experienced poor pregnancy. The t-test and chi-square test (χ2-test) were used to determine the overall characteristics of the subjects and factors affecting the utilization and satisfaction of KM treatment. Of the total of 29,465 people, 4922 read the survey email, and 601 responded. After excluding 51 respondents with questionable response patterns, 550 respondents were included in the final analysis. Of these, 43.1% (n = 237) had experience with conventional treatment, and 16.5% (n = 91) had received KM treatment. The group that received both KM treatment and CM treatment (n = 59, 24.9%) was significantly more prevalent than the group that received KM treatment alone (n = 32, 10.2%) (p = 0.00). Women who had given birth more than once or held a master’s degree were significantly more willing to participate in the ‘KM Support Project for Subfertility’ program. Our findings suggest that subfertile patients prefer integrated treatment that combines KM and CM treatments. Further studies are needed to assess the status of integrative medicine treatment, satisfaction with each KM intervention, factors for low satisfaction, and patient requirements.
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- 2024
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16. Advanced Neural Functional Imaging in C. elegans Using Lab-on-a-Chip Technology
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Youngeun Kwon, Jihye Kim, Ye Bin Son, Sol Ah Lee, Shin Sik Choi, and Yongmin Cho
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microfluidics ,C. elegans ,neural functional imaging ,calcium imaging ,Mechanical engineering and machinery ,TJ1-1570 - Abstract
The ability to perceive and adapt to environmental changes is crucial for the survival of all organisms. Neural functional imaging, particularly in model organisms, such as Caenorhabditis elegans, provides valuable insights into how animals sense and process external cues through their nervous systems. Because of its fully mapped neural anatomy, transparent body, and genetic tractability, C. elegans serves as an ideal model for these studies. This review focuses on advanced methods for neural functional imaging in C. elegans, highlighting calcium imaging techniques, lab-on-a-chip technologies, and their applications in the study of various sensory modalities, including chemosensation, mechanosensation, thermosensation, photosensation, and magnetosensation. We discuss the benefits of these methods in terms of precision, reproducibility, and ability to study dynamic neural processes in real time, ultimately advancing our understanding of the fundamental principles of neural activity and connectivity.
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- 2024
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17. Identification of postpartum symptom informedness and preparedness typologies and their associations with psychological health: A latent class analysis
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Scroggins, Jihye Kim, Bruce, Katharine E., Stuebe, Alison M., Fahey, Jenifer O., and Tully, Kristin P.
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- 2024
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18. A systematic review of community-based interventions to address perinatal mental health
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Scroggins, Jihye Kim, Harkins, Sarah E., Brown, Sevonna, St. Clair, Victoria, LeBron, Guramrit K., and Barcelona, Veronica
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- 2024
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19. Competition between group interactions and nonlinearity in voter dynamics on hypergraphs.
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Jihye Kim, Deok-Sun Lee, Byungjoon Min, Mason A. Porter, Maxi San Miguel, and K.-I. Goh
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- 2024
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20. Addressing bias in preterm birth research: The role of advanced imputation techniques for missing race and ethnicity in perinatal health data
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Scroggins, Jihye Kim, Hulchafo, Ismael Ibrahim, Topaz, Maxim, Cato, Kenrick, and Barcelona, Veronica
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- 2024
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21. Mineral carbonation of iron and steel by-products: State-of-the-art techniques and economic, environmental, and health implications
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Shunyao Wang, Jihye Kim, and Tianchen Qin
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Mineral carbonation ,Iron and steel by-products ,CO2 sequestration ,Carbon capture and storage ,Environmental impacts ,Technology - Abstract
The escalating global warming has intensified concerns about climate change and prompted a swift shift towards worldwide carbon neutrality and a sustainable future. Among various carbon capture, utilization, and storage technologies, mineral carbonation enables the transformation of waste materials into valuable construction resources while mitigating their adverse impacts on the environment and public health. During the past two decades, mineral carbonation has found widespread application in carbon sequestration, primarily employing industrial by-products, notably those generated within the iron and steel sector. The inherent properties of these by-products, characterized by alkalinity, reactivity for carbonation, widespread availability, and substantial quantities, hold great potential for carbon mitigation. Developing efficient and resilient carbon sequestration protocols utilizing iron and steel by-products is vital, as it addresses key challenges associated with mineral carbonation, such as high costs, slow reaction kinetics, and environmentally detrimental feedstock mining.In this review paper, various carbonation techniques for iron and steel by-products are evaluated and summarized. Different stages of essential carbonation processes are examined, along with their detailed physicochemical mechanisms. The review also explores recent technological advancements in this field, including the utilization of additives, supercritical carbonation, microwave irradiation, and ultrasonic enhancement, while assessing their potential to enhance process efficiency and sustainability. Additionally, the paper critically assesses representative processes from economic, environmental, and health perspectives. By providing an in-depth discussion of scalability, industrial implementations, economic feasibility, environmental toxicity, health impacts, and current technical barriers, this paper presents a comprehensive summary that addresses challenges, opportunities, prospects, and key insights in the field of mineral carbonation using iron and steel by-products. This effort represents a unique contribution to fill critical knowledge gaps in the mineral carbonation of iron and steel by-products, encompassing state-of-the-art technical advances and addressing their economic, environmental, and health implications.
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- 2024
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22. Trends in forgone medical care and unmet needs among Medicare beneficiaries with a history of depression during the COVID-19 pandemic: a national, repeated cross-sectional study
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Yue Li, Jihye Kim, and Yeunkyung Kim
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Medicine - Abstract
Objectives To investigate trends in forgone medical care, basic needs disruption, financial and mental health disruption, engagement of preventive behaviours guidelines, and perceived severity of COVID-19 among community-living Medicare beneficiaries in the USA with and without a self-reported history of depression from Summer 2020 to Winter 2021.Design/setting A repeated cross-sectional study using a nationally representative sample of Medicare beneficiaries of three rounds of survey data from the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey COVID-19 Supplement Public Use Files: Summer 2020, Fall 2020 and Winter 2021.Participants A total of 28 480 community-dwelling Medicare beneficiaries.Main outcome measures Forgone medical care, basic needs disruption, financial and mental health disruption, engagement of preventive behaviours guidelines, and perceived severity of COVID-19.Results In the study sample, 7629 (27%) had a history of depression. After adjusting for potential confounders, weighted multivariable logistic regression models showed that Medicare beneficiaries with a history of depression had higher odds of foregone medical care (OR: 1.29, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.42, p
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- 2024
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23. Synaptic plasticity via receptor tyrosine kinase/G-protein-coupled receptor crosstalk
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Cristina Lao-Peregrin, Guoqing Xiang, Jihye Kim, Ipsit Srivastava, Alexandra B. Fall, Danielle M. Gerhard, Piia Kohtala, Daegeon Kim, Minseok Song, Mikel Garcia-Marcos, Joshua Levitz, and Francis S. Lee
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CP: Cell biology ,CP: Neuroscience ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Summary: Cellular signaling involves a large repertoire of membrane receptors operating in overlapping spatiotemporal regimes and targeting many common intracellular effectors. However, both the molecular mechanisms and the physiological roles of crosstalk between receptors, especially those from different superfamilies, are poorly understood. We find that the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) TrkB and the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) together mediate hippocampal synaptic plasticity in response to brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Activated TrkB enhances constitutive mGluR5 activity to initiate a mode switch that drives BDNF-dependent sustained, oscillatory Ca2+ signaling and enhanced MAP kinase activation. This crosstalk is mediated, in part, by synergy between Gβγ, released by TrkB, and Gαq-GTP, released by mGluR5, to enable physiologically relevant RTK/GPCR crosstalk.
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- 2024
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24. CORE: Co-planarity Regularized Monocular Geometry Estimation with Weak Supervision.
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Yuguang Li, Kai Wang, Hui Li, Seon-Min Rhee, Seungju Han, Jihye Kim, Min Yang, Ran Yang, and Feng Zhu
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- 2023
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25. Radar Signal Decomposition of Multi-Human Respiration Signs with Reduced Antenna Array.
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Jeong-Hoon Park, Jihye Kim, and Seong-Cheol Kim
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- 2023
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26. Analysis of Recent IIoT Security Technology Trends in a Smart Factory Environment.
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Jihye Kim, Jaehyoung Park, and Jong-Hyouk Lee
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- 2023
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27. Illegal 3D Content Distribution Tracking System based on DNN Forensic Watermarking.
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Jaehyoung Park, Jihye Kim, Jiyou Seo, Sangpil Kim, and Jong-Hyouk Lee
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- 2023
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28. Enhancing Clinical Outcome Predictions through Auxiliary Loss and Sentence-Level Self-Attention.
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Sanghoon Lee, Gwanghoon Jang, Chanhwi Kim, Se-Jeong Park, Kiwoong Yoo, Jihye Kim, Sunkyu Kim, and Jaewoo Kang
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- 2023
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29. CrossSplit: Mitigating Label Noise Memorization through Data Splitting.
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Jihye Kim, Aristide Baratin, Yan Zhang, and Simon Lacoste-Julien
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- 2023
30. Efficient Transparent Polynomial Commitments for zk-SNARKs.
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Sungwook Kim, Sungju Kim, Yulim Shin, Sunmi Kim, Jihye Kim, and Hyunok Oh
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- 2023
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31. Pretransplant Functional Status Predicts Postoperative Morbidity and Mortality after Liver Transplantation in Patients with Cirrhosis
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Myung Ji Goh, Jihye Kim, Won Hyuk Chang, Dong Hyun Sinn, Geum-Yeon Gwak, Yong-Han Paik, Moon Seok Choi, Joon Hyeok Lee, Kwang Cheol Koh, Seung Woon Paik, Jong Man Kim, and Wonseok Kang
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cirrhosis ,liver transplantation ,frailty ,short physical performance battery ,Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,RC799-869 - Abstract
Background/Aims: This study aimed to investigate whether pretransplant frailty can predict postoperative morbidity and mortality after liver transplantation (LT) in patients with cirrhosis.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 242 patients who underwent LT between 2018 and 2020 at a tertiary hospital in Korea.Results: Among them, 189 patients (78.1%) received LT from a living donor. Physical frailty at baseline was assessed by the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), by which patients were categorized into two groups: frail (SPPB
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- 2023
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32. Circadian Rhythms in Tongue Features
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Jihye Kim, Woosu Choi, Keun Ho Kim, and Dong-Hyun Nam
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tongue features ,tongue color ,tongue coating ,circadian rhythm ,Medicine - Abstract
(1) Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the circadian rhythms of tongue features according to the effects of physiological phases over a 24 h period. (2) Methods: Fifteen healthy participants aged 20 to 69 years were recruited. The participants did not have current chronic diseases or past diseases and had to meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The participants stayed at the Gil Hospital for a duration of 2 nights and 3 days. On the first day, at 18:00, they consumed their allocated portions of food and water and then completed a questionnaire. At approximately 21:00, their tongue images were acquired using a computerized tongue image acquisition system, following which they slept for 8 h, commencing at 23:00. Measurements were taken from 07:00 through 21:00 on the second day, and the final acquisition was taken at 07:00 on the following morning, resulting in a total of eight images. The circadian rhythm was authenticated and quantified utilizing the single cosinor analysis, a technique for periodic regression analysis for fitting a 24 h cosine curve. (3) Results: Cosinor analysis revealed that all tongue features were significantly related to circadian rhythm. (4) Conclusions: The results of this study may be important for considering the time of day at which the tongue is observed and tongue status is evaluated.
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- 2024
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33. Advances in Hydrometallurgical Gold Recovery through Cementation, Adsorption, Ion Exchange and Solvent Extraction
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Jihye Kim, Rina Kim, and Kenneth N. Han
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gold recovery ,adsorption ,Merrill–Crowe ,ion exchange ,solvent extraction ,ionic liquids ,Mineralogy ,QE351-399.2 - Abstract
Hydrometallurgical gold recovery processes play a pivotal role in the gold mining industry, contributing to more than 90% of global gold production. Among the array of techniques available, the Merrill–Crowe process, adsorption, ion exchange, and solvent extraction are central in extracting gold from leach solutions. While the Merrill–Crowe process and gold complex adsorption onto activated carbon represent historical cornerstones, their inherent limitations have prompted the emergence of more recent innovations in ion exchange and solvent extraction, offering enhanced selectivity, control, and sustainability. The evolution of modern organic chemistry has significantly influenced the progress of ion exchange technology, mainly through the introduction of advanced polymer matrix synthetic resins. At the same time, novel solvents tailored to gold complex interactions have revitalized ion exchange and solvent extraction. Introducing ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents has also added a new dimension to efforts to improve gold extraction metallurgy. This paper reviews these cutting-edge developments and their potential to revolutionize the hydrometallurgical gold recovery process, addressing the pressing need for improved efficiency and environmental responsibility.
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- 2024
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34. The epidemiology of concurrent infection in patients with pyogenic spine infection and its association with early mortality: A nationwide cohort study based on 10,695 patients
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Jihye Kim, Seung Ho Oh, Seok Woo Kim, and Tae-Hwan Kim
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Pyogenic ,Spine infection ,Spondylodiscitis ,Mortality ,Concurrent infection ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Background: Generally, a sufficient duration of relevant antibiotics based on an appropriate culture combined with proper surgical treatment guarantees a favorable clinical outcome in patients with pyogenic spine infections. However, a patient’s condition often deteriorates as concurrent infections occur in other organs, leading to mortality. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of concurrent infections in patients with a pyogenic spine infection and estimate the rates and risks of early mortality. Methods: Patients with a pyogenic spine infection were identified using a national claims database that includes the entire population. The epidemiology of the six types of concurrent infections was investigated, and the corresponding early mortality rates and risks were estimated. The results were validated internally by bootstrapping and externally by defining two additional cohorts for sensitivity analysis. Results: Among 10,695 patients with a pyogenic spine infection, the prevalence of the six types of concurrent infections was 11.3 % for urinary tract infections, 9.4 % for intra-abdominal infections, 8.5 % for pneumonia, 4.6 % for septic arthritis or osteomyelitis of the extremities, 0.7 % for central nervous system infections, and 0.5 % for cardiac infections. Patients with a concurrent infection had approximately 4-fold greater mortality than those without (3.3 % vs. 0.8 %). The early mortality rates were particularly higher in patients with multiple or specific types of concurrent infections, including central nervous system infections, cardiac infections, and pneumonia. In addition, the mortality trends differed significantly according to the number and type of concurrent infections. Conclusions: These data on six types of concurrent infection among patients with pyogenic spinal infection can be used as a source of reference by clinicians.
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- 2023
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35. Exercise with a wearable hip-assist robot improved physical function and walking efficiency in older adults
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Su-Hyun Lee, Jihye Kim, Bokman Lim, Hwang-Jae Lee, and Yun-Hee Kim
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Wearable assistive robotics has emerged as a promising technology to supplement or replace motor functions and to retrain people recovering from an injury or living with reduced mobility. We developed delayed output feedback control for a wearable hip-assistive robot, the EX1, to provide gait assistance. Our purpose in this study was to investigate the effects of long-term exercise with EX1 on gait, physical function, and cardiopulmonary metabolic energy efficiency in elderly people. This study used parallel experimental (exercise with EX1) and control groups (exercise without EX1). A total of 60 community-dwelling elderly persons participated in 18 exercise intervention sessions during 6 weeks, and all participants were assessed at 5 time points: before exercise, after 9 exercise sessions, after 18 sessions, and 1 month and 3 months after the last session. The spatiotemporal gait parameters, kinematics, kinetics, and muscle strength of the trunk and lower extremities improved more after exercise with EX1 than in that without EX1. Furthermore, the effort of muscles over the trunk and lower extremities throughout the total gait cycle (100%) significantly decreased after exercise with EX1. The net metabolic energy costs during walking significantly improved, and functional assessment scores improved more in the experimental group than in the control group. Our findings provide evidence supporting the application of EX1 in physical activity and gait exercise is effective to improve age-related declines in gait, physical function, and cardiopulmonary metabolic efficiency among older adults.
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- 2023
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36. Global Radioactive Waste Disposal Trends and Prospects
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Jihye Kim, Seongmuk Lee, Heejeong Choi, Hyunyoung Park, and Sokhee P. Jung
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spent nuclear fuel ,radioactive waste ,temporary storage ,deep geological disposal ,reprocessing ,Environmental engineering ,TA170-171 - Abstract
Nuclear power generation, which began in the Soviet Union in June 1954, has now become a main source of electrical energy in 33 countries around the world. However, radioactive waste and its safety have always been at the center of controversy, and even after 70 years, there is no official regulation on the disposal of radioactive waste under international law. In this review, the policies and current status of radioactive waste disposal in major countries around the world, including Korea, are investigated. Based on this, the direction for radioactive waste management in Korea was presented. Currently, radioactive waste is disposed of in two ways. Finland, Sweden, and France are conducting deep permanent disposal according to the recommendation of the International Atomic Energy Agency, and Japan, the United Kingdom, and India are promoting reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel to reduce waste and the volume of the repository. Korea has been temporarily storing radioactive waste at the site of the power plant since the completion of Kori Unit 1 in 1978, but it is expected that the capacity of the temporary storage facility will reach its limit in 2031. Accordingly, the securing of a permanent disposal site and the development of reprocessing technology are being studied together, but no tangible results have been achieved so far. Korea's radioactive waste disposal has problems such as a small land area, institutional difficulties in developing reprocessing technology, frequent policy changes, ignorance and indifference, and lack of smooth communication. Although public concern about nuclear power generation has increased due to the Fukushima disaster, not many people are interested in spent nuclear fuel. Within the framework of reprocessing and permanent disposal, Korea should refrain from frequent policy changes that can confuse public opinion and research and development, and come up with a long-term realistic policy.
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- 2023
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37. Nusinersen demonstrates effectiveness in treating spinal muscular atrophy: findings from a three-year nationwide study in Korea
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Jaeso Cho, Jiwon Lee, Jihye Kim, Hyunjoo Lee, Min-Jee Kim, Yun Jeong Lee, Mi-Sun Yum, Ji-Hye Byun, Chong Guk Lee, Young-Mock Lee, Jeehun Lee, and Jong-Hee Chae
- Subjects
spinal muscular atrophy ,nusinersen ,Spinraza ,long-term effect ,early treatment ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
IntroductionNusinersen is the first drug approved for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) treatment. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of nusinersen, assess the therapeutic effects based on the treatment initiation timing and baseline motor function, and explore the perception of functional improvement from either parents or patients, utilizing 3-year nationwide follow-up data in South Korea.MethodsWe enrolled patients with SMA who were treated with nusinersen under the National Health Insurance coverage, with complete motor score records available and a minimum treatment duration of 6 months. To evaluate the motor function of patients, the Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination-2 (HINE-2) was used for type 1 and the Expanded Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale (HFMSE) was used for types 2 and 3 patients. A significant improvement was defined as a HINE-2 score gain ≥5 for patients with type 1 and an HFMSE score ≥ 3 for patients with types 2 and 3 SMA. Effects of treatment timing were assessed. Patients with type 2 were further categorized based on baseline motor scores for outcome analysis. We also analyzed a second dataset from five tertiary hospitals with the information on parents/patients-reported impressions of improvement.ResultsThe study comprised 137 patients, with 21, 103, and 13 patients representing type 1, 2, and 3 SMA, respectively. At the 3-year follow-up, the analysis encompassed 7 patients with type 1, 12 patients with type 2, and none with type 3. Nearly half of all enrolled patients across SMA types (42.8, 59.2 and 46.2%, respectively) reached the 2-year follow-up for analysis. Patients with type 1 SMA exhibited gradual motor function improvement over 1-, 2-, and 3-year follow-ups (16, 9, and 7 patients, respectively). Patients with type 2 SMA demonstrated improvement over 1-, 2-, and 3-year follow-ups (96, 61 and 12 patients, respectively). Early treatment from symptom onset resulted in better outcomes for patients with type 1 and 2 SMA. In the second dataset, 90.7% of 108 patients reported subjective improvement at the 1-year follow-up.ConclusionNusinersen treatment for types 1–3 SMA is safe and effective in long-term follow-up. Early treatment initiation was a significant factor affecting long-term motor outcome.
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- 2023
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38. STRAIT: Self-Test and Self-Recovery for AI Accelerator.
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Hayoung Lee, Jihye Kim, Jongho Park, and Sungho Kang 0001
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- 2023
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39. Azeroth: Auditable Zero-Knowledge Transactions in Smart Contracts.
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Gweonho Jeong, Nuri Lee, Jihye Kim, and Hyunok Oh
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- 2023
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40. zkVoting : Zero-knowledge proof based coercion-resistant and E2E verifiable e-voting system.
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Seongho Park, Jaekyoung Choi, Jihye Kim, and Hyunok Oh
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- 2024
41. Hadamard Product Arguments and Their Applications.
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Kyeongtae Lee, Donghwan Oh, Hankyung Ko, Jihye Kim, and Hyunok Oh
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- 2024
42. Magnetothermal-based non-invasive focused magnetic stimulation for functional recovery in chronic stroke treatment
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Hohyeon Kim, Jihye Kim, Jahae Kim, Seungjun Oh, Kangho Choi, and Jungwon Yoon
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Magnetic heat-based brain stimulation of specific lesions could promote the restoration of impaired motor function caused by chronic stroke. We delivered localized stimulation by nanoparticle-mediated heat generation within the targeted brain area via focused magnetic stimulation. The middle cerebral artery occlusion model was prepared, and functional recovery in the chronic-phase stroke rat model was demonstrated by the therapeutic application of focused magnetic stimulation. We observed a transient increase in blood–brain barrier permeability at the target site of
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- 2023
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43. How Do Parents’ Experiences Affect Children’s Use of the Traditional Korean Medical Services? A Regression Analysis Using Cross-Sectional Data
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Sungwon Lee and Jihye Kim
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traditional korean medical service (tkms) ,national survey on tkms ,parent’s experiences on tkms ,children’s use of tkms ,linear probability models ,logistic models ,Medicine ,Miscellaneous systems and treatments ,RZ409.7-999 ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Objectives: Medical services are closely related to individual health and welfare, and health status in childhood or adolescence is widely recognized to be related to many socioeconomic outcomes. Therefore, providing appropriate medical services in childhood and adolescence is important. We aimed to investigate the determinants of traditional Korean medical services (TKMS) usage by children aged < 19 years. The focus was on the role of their parents’ experiences with TKMS in determining TKMS use by children.Methods : : Using a representative sample in South Korea, we conducted a regression analysis to assess how parents’ experience with TKMS affects the probability of their children using TKMS.Results : : We found parents’ experience with TKMS to have a significantly positive effect on the probability of TKMS use by children and parents’ biological information, such as age and sex, to affect the probability of TKMS use. Specifically, parents’ experiences with TKMS generally increased the probability of children using TKMS by approximately 20%.Conclusion : : This study’s results suggest that considering parents’ opinions and providing them the opportunity to participate in programs that enhance young children’s use of TKMS may be effective.
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- 2023
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44. Eip74EF is a dominant modifier for ALS-FTD-linked VCPR152H phenotypes in the Drosophila eye model
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Madeleine R. Chalmers, JiHye Kim, and Nam Chul Kim
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Neurodegeneration ,Eip74EF ,microRNA-34 ,VCP ,ALS-FTD ,Medicine ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 - Abstract
Abstract Objectives In 2012, Liu et al. reported that miR-34 is an age-related miRNA regulating age-associated events and long-term brain integrity in Drosophila. They demonstrated that modulating miR-34 and its downstream target, Eip74EF, showed beneficial effects on an age-related disease using a Drosophila model of Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 expressing SCA3trQ78. These results imply that miR-34 could be a general genetic modifier and therapeutic candidate for age-related diseases. Thus, the goal of this study was to examine the effect of miR-34 and Eip47EF on another age-related Drosophila disease model. Results Using a Drosophila eye model expressing mutant Drosophila VCP (dVCP) that causes amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), or multisystem proteinopathy (MSP), we demonstrated that abnormal eye phenotypes generated by dVCPR152H were rescued by Eip74EF siRNA expression. Contrary to our expectations, miR-34 overexpression alone in the eyes with GMR-GAL4 resulted in complete lethality due to the leaky expression of GMR-GAL4 in other tissues. Interestingly, when miR-34 was co-expressed with dVCPR152H, a few survivors were produced; however, their eye degeneration was greatly exacerbated. Our data indicate that, while confirming that the downregulation of Eip74EF is beneficial to the dVCPR152H Drosophila eye model, the high expression level of miR-34 is actually toxic to the developing flies and the role of miR-34 in dVCPR152H-mediated pathogenesis is inconclusive in the GMR-GAL4 eye model. Identifying the transcriptional targets of Eip74EF might provide valuable insights into diseases caused by mutations in VCP such as ALS, FTD, and MSP.
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- 2023
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45. An Explainable Prediction for Dietary-Related Diseases via Language Models
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Insu Choi, Jihye Kim, and Woo Chang Kim
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dietary pattern ,obesity ,dyslipidemia ,language model ,natural language processing (NLP) ,explainable artificial intelligence (xAI) ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Our study harnesses the power of natural language processing (NLP) to explore the relationship between dietary patterns and metabolic health outcomes among Korean adults using data from the Seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VII). Using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) analysis, we identified three distinct dietary patterns: “Traditional and Staple”, “Communal and Festive”, and “Westernized and Convenience-Oriented”. These patterns reflect the diversity of dietary preferences in Korea and reveal the cultural and social dimensions influencing eating habits and their potential implications for public health, particularly concerning obesity and metabolic disorders. Integrating NLP-based indices, including sentiment scores and the identified dietary patterns, into our predictive models significantly enhanced the accuracy of obesity and dyslipidemia predictions. This improvement was consistent across various machine learning techniques—XGBoost, LightGBM, and CatBoost—demonstrating the efficacy of NLP methodologies in refining disease prediction models. Our findings underscore the critical role of dietary patterns as indicators of metabolic diseases. The successful application of NLP techniques offers a novel approach to public health and nutritional epidemiology, providing a deeper understanding of the diet–disease nexus. This study contributes to the evolving field of personalized nutrition and emphasizes the potential of leveraging advanced computational tools to inform targeted nutritional interventions and public health strategies aimed at mitigating the prevalence of metabolic disorders in the Korean population.
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- 2024
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46. Integration of the Natural Language Processing of Structural Information Simplified Molecular-Input Line-Entry System Can Improve the In Vitro Prediction of Human Skin Sensitizers
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Jae-Hee Kwon, Jihye Kim, Kyung-Min Lim, and Myeong Gyu Kim
- Subjects
skin sensitizer ,natural language processing ,QSAR ,SENS-IS ,direct peptide reactivity assay (DPRA) ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 - Abstract
Natural language processing (NLP) technology has recently used to predict substance properties based on their Simplified Molecular-Input Line-Entry System (SMILES). We aimed to develop a model predicting human skin sensitizers by integrating text features derived from SMILES with in vitro test outcomes. The dataset on SMILES, physicochemical properties, in vitro tests (DPRA, KeratinoSensTM, h-CLAT, and SENS-IS assays), and human potency categories for 122 substances sourced from the Cosmetics Europe database. The ChemBERTa model was employed to analyze the SMILES of substances. The last hidden layer embedding of ChemBERTa was tested with other features. Given the modest dataset size, we trained five XGBoost models using subsets of the training data, and subsequently employed bagging to create the final model. Notably, the features computed from SMILES played a pivotal role in the model for distinguishing sensitizers and non-sensitizers. The final model demonstrated a classification accuracy of 80% and an AUC-ROC of 0.82, effectively discriminating sensitizers from non-sensitizers. Furthermore, the model exhibited an accuracy of 82% and an AUC-ROC of 0.82 in classifying strong and weak sensitizers. In summary, we demonstrated that the integration of NLP of SMILES with in vitro test results can enhance the prediction of health hazard associated with chemicals.
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- 2024
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47. Cross-Sectional and Descriptive Study on the Challenges and Awareness of Hispanic Parents Regarding Their Adolescents’ Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic
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Jihye Kim and Robyn Scott
- Subjects
adolescents ,COVID-19 ,Hispanic parents ,mental health ,mood states ,positive feeling ,Medicine - Abstract
Research has shown that during the COVID-19 pandemic, approximately 20% of children and adolescents in the United States experienced mental health issues that became a significant social concern. However, recent studies have demonstrated that the majority of adolescents maintain positive emotions despite the crisis. This cross-sectional and descriptive study delves into the emotional states of adolescents during the pandemic, considering the viewpoints of both adolescents and their parents, with a specific focus on Hispanic adolescents. Survey results revealed that most adolescents reported positive and happy moods. However, a percentage of adolescents experienced worry, significant changes in feelings, and loneliness as a result of the physical and social isolation associated with virtual learning. Unfortunately, most surveyed Hispanic parents did not adequately recognize their adolescents’ mood changes well. This lack of awareness, caused by factors such as an insufficient understanding about the importance of adolescent mental health, cultural reasons, language barriers, low education, unstable jobs, and more, could lead to missed opportunities for timely mental health interventions. This study seeks to provide a comprehensive discussion on the mental health of adolescents, while also advocating for the emotional wellbeing of Hispanic adolescents.
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- 2024
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48. Materials and Design Approaches for a Fully Bioresorbable, Electrically Conductive and Mechanically Compliant Cardiac Patch Technology
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Hanjun Ryu, Xinlong Wang, Zhaoqian Xie, Jihye Kim, Yugang Liu, Wubin Bai, Zhen Song, Joseph W. Song, Zichen Zhao, Joohee Kim, Quansan Yang, Janice Jie Xie, Rebecca Keate, Huifeng Wang, Yonggang Huang, Igor R. Efimov, Guillermo Antonio Ameer, and John A. Rogers
- Subjects
bioresorbable materials ,cardiac patch ,heterogeneous integration ,myocardial infraction ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the leading causes of death and disability. Recently developed cardiac patches provide mechanical support and additional conductive paths to promote electrical signal propagation in the MI area to synchronize cardiac excitation and contraction. Cardiac patches based on conductive polymers offer attractive features; however, the modest levels of elasticity and high impedance interfaces limit their mechanical and electrical performance. These structures also operate as permanent implants, even in cases where their utility is limited to the healing period of tissue damaged by the MI. The work presented here introduces a highly conductive cardiac patch that combines bioresorbable metals and polymers together in a hybrid material structure configured in a thin serpentine geometry that yields elastic mechanical properties. Finite element analysis guides optimized choices of layouts in these systems. Regular and synchronous contraction of human induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes on the cardiac patch and ex vivo studies offer insights into the essential properties and the bio‐interface. These results provide additional options in the design of cardiac patches to treat MI and other cardiac disorders.
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- 2023
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49. Phase Ib trial of inhaled iloprost for the prevention of lung cancer with predictive and response biomarker assessment
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York E. Miller, Moumita Ghosh, Daniel T. Merrick, Brandi Kubala, Eva Szabo, Lisa Bengtson, Masha Kocherginsky, Irene B. Helenowski, Kelly Benante, Tia Schering, Jihye Kim, Hyunmin Kim, Duc Ha, Raymond C. Bergan, Seema A. Khan, and Robert L. Keith
- Subjects
lung squamous cell cancer ,bronchial dysplasia ,iloprost ,medical prevention ,epithelial progenitors ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
IntroductionIloprost, a prostacyclin analog, has lung cancerpreventive activity in preclinical models and improved dysplasia in former smokers in a phase IIb trial. Oral iloprost is currently unavailable. We performed a phase Ib trial of inhaled iloprost in former smokers to assess tolerance and compliance.MethodsParticipants self-administered nebulized iloprost (5ug) or placebo four (QID) or two (BID) times daily. As QID dose was well tolerated and due to expiration of the placebo, the BID dosing and placebo were eliminated early on in the trial. Bronchoscopy with biopsyat six standard sites was performed at treatment initiation and two months post-iloprost, with exploratory histological analysis. Bulk RNA sequencing, single cell RNA sequencing and an in vitro assay of epithelial progenitor cell iloprost response were performed on a subset of biopsies in an exploratory investigation of response mechanisms and predictive biomarkers.Results and discussionThirty-four of a planned 48 participants were recruited to the trial.Inhaled iloprost was well tolerated with no adverse events > grade 2. Compliance was 67% in the QID group. The trial was not powered to detect histologic response and none was found. Bulk RNA sequencing of biopsies pre/post iloprost suggest that iloprost is immunomodulatory and downregulates cell proliferation pathways. Single cell RNA sequencing showed an increase in CD8-positive T cells with upregulation of genes in interferon γ signaling. In vitro iloprost response by epithelial progenitor cells correlated with histologic response with kappa coefficient of 0.81 (95% CI 0.47, 1.0). Inhaled iloprost was well tolerated with suboptimal compliance. Molecular analysis suggested that iloprosthas immunomodulatory and antiproliferative effects.The progenitor cell iloprost response assay may be a promising avenue to develop predictive biomarkers.Clinical trial registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02237183, identifier NCT02237183.
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- 2023
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50. Korean immigrants’ perceptions of library services and library multicultural programs for Asian communities before and during COVID-19
- Author
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Yanghee Kim, Hyun Chu Leah Kim, and Jihye Kim
- Subjects
Asian immigrant ,COVID-19 ,multicultural programs ,library programs ,library resources and services ,Education (General) ,L7-991 - Abstract
This study explored 141 Korean immigrant parents’ use of local libraries to enhance their families’ social and cultural capital and adjust to the host country. We searched resources in Korean, and multicultural programs planned for the public and immigrants, Asian immigrants in particular, at three libraries before COVID-19 and at two libraries during COVID-19. Parents reported dissatisfaction with library services because of language barriers (38%) and the lack of Korean resources (38%) and cultural programs (25%). Except for 18 books and 24 e-resources, no library resources in Korean were published after 2008. At Branches B and C, before COVID-19, only one multicultural program was offered for children. During COVID-19, hate crimes against Asians increased by 77%. However, at Branches B and C, the number of adult programs related to Asian culture decreased to 0% from 6% and increased to 3% from 0%, respectively, during COVID-19. The respondents’ concerns about the lack of programs supporting their adjustment and fostering multicultural dialog were validated.
- Published
- 2023
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