47 results on '"Jiayi Ni"'
Search Results
2. Personalized Nutrition Intervention Improves Health Status in Overweight/Obese Chinese Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
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Juntao Kan, Jiayi Ni, Kun Xue, Feijie Wang, Jianheng Zheng, Junrui Cheng, Peiying Wu, Matthew K. Runyon, Hongwei Guo, and Jun Du
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personalized nutrition ,diet ,physical activity ,genotype ,phenotype ,clinical trial ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
BackgroundOverweight and obesity increase the risk of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Personalized nutrition (PN) approaches may provide tailored nutritional advice/service by focusing on individual's unique characteristics to prevent against NCDs.ObjectiveWe aimed to compare the effect of PN intervention with the traditional “one size fits all” intervention on health status in overweight/obese Chinese adults.MethodsIn this 12-week randomized controlled trial, 400 adults with BMI ≥24 kg/m2 were randomized to control group (CG, n = 200) and PN group (PNG, n = 200). The CG received conventional health guidance according to the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents and Chinese DRIs Handbook, whereas the PNG experienced PN intervention that was developed by using decision trees based on the subjects' anthropometric measurements, blood samples (phenotype), buccal cells (genotype), and dietary and physical activity (PA) assessments (baseline and updated).ResultsCompared with the conventional intervention, PN intervention significantly improved clinical outcomes of anthropometric (e.g., body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, waist circumference) and blood biomarkers (e.g., blood lipids, uric acid, homocysteine). The improvement in clinical outcomes was achieved through behavior change in diet and PA. The subjects in the PNG had higher China dietary guidelines index values and PA levels. Personalized recommendations of “lose weight,” “increase fiber” and “take multivitamin/mineral supplements” were the major contributors to the decrease of BMI and improvement of lipid profile.ConclusionWe provided the first evidence that PN intervention was more beneficial than conventional nutrition intervention to improve health status in overweight/obese Chinese adults. This study provides a model of framework for developing personalized advice in Chinese population.Chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR1900026226).
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- 2022
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3. Real-World Safety of Sacubitril/Valsartan in Women and Men With Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Meta-analysis
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Kaitlin Nuechterlein, BSC, Ahmed AlTurki, MD, Jiayi Ni, MSC, Manuel Martínez-Sellés, MD, Pieter Martens, MD, PHD, Vincenzo Russo, MD, PHD, Charlotte Nordberg Backelin, MD, and Thao Huynh, MD, PHD
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Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Background: Sacubitril/valsartan (SV) is a novel and effective therapy for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Despite several sex-specific particularities that may influence drug effects, there has been no prior study evaluating the safety of SV in women with HFrEF in the “real-world.” Methods: We performed a literature search to identify observational studies evaluating SV. We contacted all authors to obtain sex-specific data on major adverse outcomes. We compared all-cause and cardiovascular (CV) deaths, heart failure hospitalizations, hyperkalemia, and hypotension in men and women. Results: We identified five cohort studies enrolling 8,981 patients; 6,092 men (67.8%) and 2,889 women (32.2%). The mean age was 67 years in both sexes. The rates for all-cause mortality, CV mortality, heart failure hospitalizations, hypotension, and hyperkalemia were similar between women and men. Although the unadjusted aggregate rates of all-cause and CV mortalities were numerically higher in men than in women, these differences did not reach statistical differences. Conclusion: Our meta-analysis showed similar rates of major adverse events in men and women with HFrEF treated with SV. Larger observational studies with longer duration and a higher number of women are needed to confirm the long-term safety of SV in women in the clinical practice. Résumé: Contexte: Le sacubitril/valsartan (SV) est un médicament novateur et efficace contre l’insuffisance cardiaque à fraction d’éjection réduite (ICFER). Malgré le fait que plusieurs particularités sexospécifiques peuvent influencer les effets du médicament, aucune étude préalable n’a été menée pour évaluer l’innocuité du SV chez les femmes atteintes d’ICFER dans la ''vraie vie''. Méthodologie: Nous avons effectué une recherche de la littérature pour recenser les études observationnelles évaluant le SV Nous avons communiqué avec tous les auteurs pour obtenir des données sexospécifiques sur les principaux issus défavorables. Nous avons comparé les données sur les décès toutes causes confondues et les décès d’origine cardiovasculaire (CV), les hospitalisations pour cause d’insuffisance cardiaque, l’hyperkaliémie et l’hypotension tant chez les hommes que chez les femmes. Résultats: Nous avons recensé cinq études de cohortes auxquelles ont participé 8 981 patients, soit 6 092 hommes (67,8 %) et 2 889 femmes (32,2 %). L’âge moyen était de 67 ans chez les patients des deux sexes. Les taux de décès toutes causes confondues, de décès d’origine CV, d’hospitalisation pour cause d’insuffisance cardiaque, d’hypotension et d’hyperkaliémie chez les femmes étaient similaires à ceux notés chez les hommes. Les taux globaux non ajustés de décès toutes causes confondues et de décès d’origine CV étaient numériquement plus élevés chez les hommes que chez les femmes, mais il n’y avait pas de différence sur le plan statistique. Conclusion: Notre méta-analyse a mis en évidence des taux similaires d’événements indésirables majeurs chez les hommes et chez les femmes atteints d’ICFER traités par le SV. Des études observationnelles à plus grande échelle avec de plus longue durée et un nombre plus élevé de femmes devront être menées pour confirmer l’innocuité à long terme du SV en pratique clinique chez les femmes.
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- 2021
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4. Distribution-Aware Continual Test-Time Adaptation for Semantic Segmentation.
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Jiayi Ni, Senqiao Yang, Ran Xu, Jiaming Liu, Xiaoqi Li, Wenyu Jiao, Zehui Chen, Yi Liu, and Shanghang Zhang
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- 2024
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5. Investigating the Benefits of Projection Head for Representation Learning.
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Yihao Xue, Eric Gan, Jiayi Ni, Siddharth Joshi, and Baharan Mirzasoleiman
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- 2024
6. Distribution-Aware Continual Test Time Adaptation for Semantic Segmentation.
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Jiayi Ni, Senqiao Yang, Jiaming Liu, Xiaoqi Li 0009, Wenyu Jiao, Ran Xu, Zehui Chen, Yi Liu, and Shanghang Zhang
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- 2023
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7. High-speed anomaly traffic detection based on staged frequency domain features.
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Jiayi Ni, Wei Chen 0006, Jiacheng Tong, Haiyong Wang, and Lifa Wu
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- 2023
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8. Efficacy of an iron-fortified gummy on iron-deficiency anemia in young women.
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Yan Xiao, Bingjie Yang, Jiayi Ni, and Ran Hu
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IRON deficiency anemia ,YOUNG women ,SLEEP quality ,MENSTRUATION ,IRON in the body ,SKIN temperature ,IRON - Abstract
Objective: We conducted this single-center, double-blinded, randomized and placebo-controlled study to explore the efficacy of an iron-fortified gummy on relieving iron-deficiency anemia in young Chinese women. Participants' blood hemoglobin level was set as the primary outcome. The secondary objectives were to assess the effects of the ironfortified gummy on participants' blood iron levels, skin barrier functions, skin temperature regulating ability, menstruation and leucorrhea status, sleep quality, and overall quality of life. Methods: Seventy female participants aged 18-35 years with moderate iron-deficiency anemia (blood hemoglobin 90-120 g/L) were recruited and randomly assigned to an intervention group or a placebo group. We supplemented the diets of the participants with an iron-fortified gummy or a placebo for eight weeks. Their blood hemoglobin level, iron biomarkers, skin biophysical characteristics, hand temperature, self-reported menstruation and leucorrhea status, life quality and sleep quality were recorded at baseline, mid-way through the study and the end of the study. We compared the differences of the above outcomes between the intervention group and the control group. Results: After eight weeks of daily iron-fortified gummy intake, 80% of the participants showed improvement in blood hemoglobin concentration, with a mean increase of 14.5 g/L (95% confidence interval: 9.4, 19.5 g/L) compared to the control. Their serum iron and ferritin levels had significantly increased. They also had improved facial skin hydration and complexions, reduced transepidermal water loss, and accelerated temperature recovery in their hands. Intake of the iron-fortified gummy effectively reduced the incidence of menstrual headaches and insomnia. Participants reported prolonged sleep time, improved energy level, mobility, mental concentration, ability to engage in daily activities and work, as well as better perception of quality of life and health satisfaction. Conclusion: Daily consumption of the iron-fortified gummy over eight weeks could help build up blood iron levels to generate hemoglobin, relieve iron-deficiency anemia and related symptoms in young Chinese women. Intake of iron through gummy on a daily basis is an effective method to gradually increase the participants' iron levels, leading to sustainable long-term benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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9. A randomized controlled trial of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor management in patients admitted in hospital with COVID-19
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Abhinav Sharma, Malik Elharram, Jonathan Afilalo, Alexandria Flannery, Marc Afilalo, Chris Tselios, Jiayi Ni, Justin A. Ezekowitz, Matthew P. Cheng, Andrew P. Ambrosy, Faiez Zannad, James M. Brophy, Nadia Giannetti, Amal Bessissow, Nadine Kronfli, Ariane Marelli, Haya Aziz, Mohammad Alqahtani, Mona Aflaki, Morgan Craig, Renato D. Lopes, João Pedro Ferreira, McGill University Health Center [Montreal] (MUHC), Jewish General Hospital, University of Alberta, Kaiser Permanente, Défaillance Cardiovasculaire Aiguë et Chronique (DCAC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Centre d'investigation clinique plurithématique Pierre Drouin [Nancy] (CIC-P), Centre d'investigation clinique [Nancy] (CIC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists [Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy] (INI-CRCT), Institut Lorrain du Coeur et des Vaisseaux Louis Mathieu [Nancy], French-Clinical Research Infrastructure Network - F-CRIN [Paris] (Cardiovascular & Renal Clinical Trialists - CRCT ), Centre de recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine / Research Center of the Sainte-Justine University Hospital [Montreal, Canada], Université de Montréal (UdeM)-CHU Sainte Justine [Montréal], Duke University [Durham], The RAAS-COVID-19 Randomized Controlled Trial was funded by the McGill Interdisciplinary Initiative in Infection and Immunity (MI4) and the Division of Cardiology at McGill University., and BOZEC, Erwan
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Adult ,Heart Failure ,COVID-19 ,Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ,Hospitals ,[SDV.MHEP.CSC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system ,Renin-Angiotensin System ,Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists ,[SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system ,Natriuretic Peptide, Brain ,Humans ,Female ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Aldosterone ,Antihypertensive Agents ,Aged - Abstract
International audience; Background: Renin-angiotensin aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi) are commonly used among patients hospitalized with a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection (COVID-19). We evaluated whether continuation versus discontinuation of RAASi were associated with short term clinical or biochemical outcomes. Methods: The RAAS-COVID-19 trial was a randomized, open label study in adult patients previously treated with RAASi who are hospitalized with COVID-19 (NCT04508985). Participants were randomized 1:1 to discontinue or continue RAASi. The primary outcome was a global rank score calculated from baseline to day 7 (or discharge) incorporating clinical events and biomarker changes. Global rank scores were compared between groups using the Wilcoxon test statistic and the negative binomial test (using incident rate ratio [IRR]) and the intention-totreat principle. Results: Overall, 46 participants were enrolled; 21 participants were randomized to discontinue RAASi and 25 to continue. Patients' mean age was 71.5 years and 43.5% were female. Discontinuation of RAASi, versus continuation, resulted in a non-statistically different mean global rank score (discontinuation 6 [standard deviation [SD] 6.3] vs continuation 3.8 (SD 2.5); p= 0.60). The negative binomial analysis identified that discontinuation increased the risk of adverse outcomes (IRR 1.67 [95% CI 1.06 to 2.62]; p=0.027); RAASi discontinuation increased brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels (% change from baseline: +16.7% vs.-27.5%; p= 0.024) and the incidence of acute heart failure (33% vs. 4.2%, p=0.016). Conclusion: RAASi continuation in participants hospitalized with COVID-19 appears safe; discontinuation increased BNP levels and may increase risk of acute heart failure; where possible, RAASi should be continued.
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- 2022
10. Race and Ethnicity With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Outcomes Within a Universal Health Care System: Insights From the CARTaGENE Study
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Marc-André d’Entremont, Dennis Ko, Andrew T. Yan, Shaun G. Goodman, Jiayi Ni, Paul Poirier, Jean-Claude Tardif, Jean C. Grégoire, Étienne L. Couture, Michel Nguyen, George Thanassoulis, Abhinav Sharma, and Thao Huynh
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Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine - Published
- 2023
11. Attitudes About Artificially Intelligent Interactive Voice Response Systems Using Amazon Alexa in Cardiovascular Clinics: Insights from the VOICE-COVID-19 Study
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Elie Ganni, Amir Razaghizad, Emily Oulousian, Peter Chung, Jiayi Ni, Robert Avram, and Abhinav Sharma
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Genetics ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Molecular Medicine ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Genetics (clinical) - Published
- 2023
12. External validation and extension of the TIMI risk score for heart failure in diabetes for patients with recent acute coronary syndrome: An analysis of the EXAMINE trial
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Amir Razaghizad, Abhinav Sharma, Jiayi Ni, João Pedro Ferreira, William B. White, Cyrus R. Mehta, George L. Bakris, and Faiez Zannad
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Heart Failure ,Endocrinology ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Risk Factors ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Internal Medicine ,Humans ,Acute Coronary Syndrome - Abstract
The Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction Risk Score for Heart Failure (HF) in Diabetes (TRS-HFThe TRS-HFIn total, HF hospitalization occurred in 193 (3.6%) patients. Based on the TRS-HFThe TRS-HF
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- 2022
13. Author response for 'External Validation and Extension of the <scp>TIMI</scp> Risk Score for Heart Failure in Diabetes for Patients with Recent Acute Coronary Syndrome: An Analysis of the <scp>EXAMINE</scp> Trial'
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null Amir Razaghizad, null Abhinav Sharma, null Jiayi Ni, null João Pedro Ferreira, null William B. White, null Cyrus R. Mehta, null George L. Bakris, and null Faiez Zannad
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- 2022
14. Timing of statistical benefit of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists among patients with heart failure and post-myocardial infarction
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Wassim Bedrouni, Abhinav Sharma, Bertram Pitt, Carolyn S.P. Lam, Jiayi Ni, João Pedro Ferreira, John McMurray, Nadia Giannetti, Nicolas Girerd, Patrick Rossignol, Scott D. Solomon, Brian Claggett, Stuart Pocock, Thao Huynh, and Faiez Zannad
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Heart Failure ,Myocardial Infarction ,Humans ,Spironolactone ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists ,Eplerenone - Abstract
No abstract available.
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- 2022
15. Potential Association of Type-2 Diabetes (T2D) and Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) measured by Skin Autofluorescence in Chinese Population
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Tianxiang Ou-Yang, Jiayi Ni, Delphine Quéral, Catherine Heusèle, and Sylvianne Schnebert
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Background: Type-2 diabetes (T2D) has been associated with increased endogenous formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Their accumulation in different tissues including articular collagen, skeletal and smooth vascular muscles, or glomerular basement membranes in T2D patients have been implicated. Objective: To assess the potential association of T2D in skin ageing associated with AGEs in Chinese population.Methods: A multicentre study was conducted in Chinese population of 560 subjects aged between 50 and 70 years who were evenly assigned in two groups of 280 each, paired by health status (healthy/diabetic), gender, and age group well balanced for hormonal replacement therapy/menopausal status, body mass index (BMI), smoking status and skin characteristics. Skin conditions were examined by a dermatologist and skin autofluorescence (SAF) a marker of AGEs measured by a validated non-invasive in vivo measurement technique.Results: The results from this study confirmed the association of diabetes and skin ageing as increased AGEs accumulation were measured using SAF and contributed evidence on gender and ethnic origin on AGEs variations. This study opens the path of further investigation into the identification of significant effects of diabetes on major facial skin complexion parameters.
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- 2022
16. Voice-based screening for SARS-CoV-2 exposure in cardiovascular clinics
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Emily Oulousian, Filipe Henriques, Robert Avram, Abhinav Sharma, Julie Label, Matthew P. Cheng, Nadia Giannetti, Jiayi Ni, Renato D. Lopes, and Claudia Lighter
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03 medical and health sciences ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Health personnel ,0302 clinical medicine ,business.industry ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Emergency medicine ,Medicine ,Original Article ,AcademicSubjects/MED00200 ,030212 general & internal medicine ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,business - Abstract
Aims Artificial intelligence (A.I) driven voice-based assistants may facilitate data capture in clinical care and trials; however, the feasibility and accuracy of using such devices in a healthcare environment are unknown. We explored the feasibility of using the Amazon Alexa (‘Alexa’) A.I. voice-assistant to screen for risk-factors or symptoms relating to SARS-CoV-2 exposure in quaternary care cardiovascular clinics. Methods We enrolled participants to be screened for signs and symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 exposure by a healthcare provider and then subsequently by the Alexa. Our primary outcome was interrater reliability of Alexa to healthcare provider screening using Cohen’s Kappa statistic. Participants rated the Alexa in a post-study survey (scale of 1 to 5 with 5 reflecting strongly agree). This study was approved by the McGill University Health Centre ethics board. Results We prospectively enrolled 215 participants. The mean age was 46 years (17.7 years standard deviation [SD]), 55% were female, and 31% were French speakers (others were English). In total, 645 screening questions were delivered by Alexa. The Alexa mis-identified one response. The simple and weighted Cohen’s kappa statistic between Alexa and healthcare provider screening was 0.989 (95% CI: 0.982, 0.997) and 0.992 (955 CI 0.985, 0.999) respectively. The participants gave an overall mean rating of 4.4 (out of 5, 0.9 SD). Conclusion Our study demonstrates the feasibility of an A.I. driven multilingual voice-based assistant to collect data in the context of SARS-CoV-2 exposure screening. Future studies integrating such devices in cardiovascular healthcare delivery and clinical trials are warranted. Registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04508972, Graphical Abstract Graphical Abstract
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- 2021
17. Prediction of heart failure outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Validation of the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction Risk Score for Heart Failure in Diabetes ( <scp> TRS‐HF DM </scp> ) in patients in the <scp>ACCORD</scp> trial
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Faiez Zannad, Abhinav Sharma, Thao Huynh, Nadia Giannetti, Jiayi Ni, Subodh Verma, João Pedro Ferreira, and Malik Elharram
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Myocardial Infarction ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Risk Assessment ,Coronary artery disease ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,Risk Factors ,Diabetes mellitus ,Internal medicine ,Internal Medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,Thrombolytic Therapy ,Myocardial infarction ,Aged ,Heart Failure ,Framingham Risk Score ,business.industry ,Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ,Atrial fibrillation ,Thrombolysis ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Heart failure ,Cardiology ,Female ,business ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists - Abstract
Background The Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction Risk Score for Heart Failure in Diabetes (TRS-HFDM ) risk stratifies patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and high cardiovascular risk for heart failure (HF) hospitalization. The utility of TRS-HFDM in risk stratification for HF outcomes requires further validation. Materials and methods We used data from the control group of The Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes Study Group (ACCORD) trial (n=5123; mean follow up 4.8 years). The TRS-HFDM includes: prior HF (2 points), atrial fibrillation (1 point), coronary artery disease (1 point), estimated glomerular filtration rate 300 mg/g; 2 point and 30-300 mg/g; 1 point). We evaluated discrimination (Harrell C index) and calibration (Nam-D Agostino calibration statistic) of TRS-HFDM for time to HF hospitalization or death due to HF. Results The mean age of participants was 62.8±6.6 years, and 38% were female. The prevalence of TRS-HFDM for 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4+ were 42.1%, 34.9%, 14.6%, 6.0%, and 2.5% respectively. Increasing TRS-HFDM corresponded to an increasing HF risk: 1.3/1000 person years (PY) (TRS-HFDM : 0) to 64.7/1000 PY (TRS-HFDM : 4+). TRS-HFDM demonstrated robust discrimination for HF outcomes (C-index 0.78). Furthermore, the score was well calibrated for HF outcomes (calibration statistic p=0.13). Similar results were seen in participants without baseline HF (C-index 0.75). Conclusion The TRS-HFDM discriminates for HF specific risk among people with T2DM. Using the TRS-HFDM to identify those who maximally benefit from therapies that reduce HF risk warrants evaluation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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- 2021
18. Lotka-Volterra Models for Extraterrestrial Self-Replicating Probes
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Yifan Chen, Jiayi Ni, and Yen Chin Ong
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Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes ,FOS: Mathematics ,General Physics and Astronomy ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Dynamical Systems (math.DS) ,Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph) ,Mathematics - Dynamical Systems ,Physics - Popular Physics - Abstract
A sufficiently advanced extraterrestrial civilization can send out a swarm of self-replicating probes for space exploration. Given the fast-growing number of such a probe, even if there is only one extraterrestrial civilization sending out such probes in the Milky Way galaxy, we should still expect to see them. The fact that we do not consists part of the Fermi paradox. The suggestion that self-replicating probes will eventually mutate to consume their progenitors and therefore significantly reduce the number of total probes has been investigated and dismissed in the literature. In this work, we re-visit this question with a more realistic Lotka-Volterra model, and show that mutated probes would drive the progenitor probes into "extinction", thereby replacing them to spread throughout the galaxy. Thus, the efficiency of mutated probes in reducing the total number of self-replicating probes is even less than previously thought. As part of the analysis, we also suggest that, somewhat counter-intuitively, in designing self-replicating probes, one should not program them to stop replicating when sufficient mutation causes the probes to fail to recognize the progenitor probes as "self"., Comment: Revised version to appear in EPJ Plus
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- 2022
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19. Inflammatory diet, gut microbiota and sensorineural hearing loss: a cross-sectional and Mendelian randomization study
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Yixuan Wang, Jiayi Nie, Kaige Yan, Jing Wang, Xin Wang, and Yuxiang Zhao
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inflammatory diet ,gut microbiota ,sensorineural hearing loss ,NHANES ,Mendelian randomization ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
AimsInflammatory diets can trigger chronic inflammation and affect gut microbiota. However, the relationship between dietary preferences and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) remains unclear. This study aims to elucidate the relationship between different dietary preferences and sensorineural deafness.MethodsThe Dietary Inflammation Index (DII) and SNHL were defined by data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), and exploring their relationship. Using Mendelian randomization (MR) to analyze the relationship between 34 dietary preferences, 211 gut microbiota, and SNHL.ResultsSmooth curve fitting indicated that the risk of SNHL increased with increasing DII score when the DII score was greater than 5.15. MR results suggest that a diet including both oily and non-oily fish can substantially reduce the risk of SNHL. Additionally, six specific gut microbiota were found to have significant causal relationship with SNHL.ConclusionAn inflammatory diet may increase the risk of developing SNHL. The observed relationship between fish consumption, gut microbiota, and SNHL suggests the existence of a gut-inner ear axis.
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- 2024
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20. Statins as a risk factor for diabetic retinopathy: a Mendelian randomization and cross-sectional observational study
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Chengming Chen, Huan Zhang, Yanyan Lan, Weiming Yan, Sida Liu, Yixuan Chen, Tingke Xie, Jiayi Ning, Xiaolong Yan, Lei Shang, and Jing Han
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Diabetic retinopathy ,Statins ,HMGCR ,Mendelian randomization ,NHANES ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Background Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the foremost cause of vision loss among the global working-age population, and statins are among the most frequently prescribed drugs for lipid management in patients with DR. The exact relationship between statins and DR has not been determined. This study sought to validate the causal association between statins usage and diabetic retinopathy. Methods The summary-data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) method and inverse-variance-weighted Mendelian randomization (IVW-MR) were used to identify the causal relationship between statins and DR via the use of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) data for 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) (31,684 blood samples), low density lipoprotein cholesterol-related GWAS data (sample size: 440,546), and DR-related GWAS data (14,584 cases and 176,010 controls). Additionally, a cross-sectional observational study based on the data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was conducted to supplement the association between DR and statins (sample size: 106,911). The odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was employed to evaluate the results. Results Based on the results of the MR analysis, HMGCR inhibitors were causally connected with a noticeably greater incidence of DR (IVW: OR = 0.54, 95% CI [0.42, 0.69], p = 0.000002; SMR: OR = 0.66, 95% CI [0.52, 0.84], p = 0.00073). Subgroup analysis revealed that the results were not affected by the severity of DR. The sensitivity analysis revealed the stability and reliability of the MR analysis results. The results from the cross-sectional study based on NHANES also support the association between not taking statins and a decreased risk of DR (OR = 0.54, 95% CI [0.37, 0.79], p = 0.001). Conclusions This study revealed that a significant increase in DR risk was causally related to statins use, providing novel insights into the role of statins in DR. However, further investigations are needed to verify these findings.
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- 2024
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21. Effect of an oral probiotic formula on scalp and facial skin condition, glucose, and lipid metabolism
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Yu Peng, Xiaoyue Teng, Tingzhu Liu, Yuhan Li, Jiayi Ni, Siliang Xue, and Juan Wang
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Nutrition and Dietetics ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Biochemistry ,Food Science - Abstract
Objective: We conducted this study to explore the effect of oral probiotic supplementation on hair density as a primary outcome in subjects with hair loss and at high risk of metabolic syndrome. The secondary objectives were to assess probiotic effects on skin barrier function,metabolic health and stress responses.Methods: We supplemented the diets of Chinese adults presenting with hair loss and high risk of metabolic syndrome (n = 26, male gender 38.5%, age = 33.6 ± 4.5 years) with a multi-strain probiotic formula at a dosage of 18.1 billion colony forming units (CFU) twice daily for 12 weeks. We compared the hair density, hair loss, anthropometrics measures, blood biochemistry markers, skin biophysical characteristics and stress-associated responses between baseline and the end of the trial.Results: After 12 weeks of probiotic supplementation, 96.2% of the study participants had improvement in hair density (median density level increased: 1; interquartile range: 1-2). Participants reported reduced hair loss both quantitatively and qualitatively. The majority (73.1%) of the participants reported apparent relief of scalp itching. Stratum corneum hydration and pH increased, while transepidermal water loss and sebum decreased on both scalp and facial skin. Body weight and body mass index decreased following probiotic consumption. Most components of glucose metabolism and the lipid profile were significantly better, with increases in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and reductions in glucose, homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance, total cholesterol, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides. Inflammation and oxidative stress markers improved with increases in interferon-γ and superoxide dismutase, and reductions in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, interleukin-31 and malondialdehyde. No changes were observed in glycated hemoglobin, insulin, immunoglobulin E and interleukin-10 levels. Besides, perceived stress relieved in participants accompanied with improved sleep quality as well as better overall perception of life quality and health.Conclusion: Twice-daily supplementation with the test probiotic formula over a 12-weeks period may exert profound beneficial effects on hair growth, skin condition, glucose and lipid metabolism, and stress-associated psychological and physiological responses in participants presenting with hair loss and high risk of metabolic syndrome. This study has been registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100050498).Keywords: hair density, hair loss, metabolic syndrome, oral probiotic supplementation
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- 2022
22. Real-World Safety of Sacubitril/Valsartan in Women and Men With Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Meta-analysis
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Manuel Martínez-Sellés, Pieter Martens, Thao Huynh, Charlotte Nordberg Backelin, Kaitlin Nuechterlein, Jiayi Ni, Vincenzo Russo, Ahmed AlTurki, Nuechterlein, K., Alturki, A., Ni, J., Martinez-Selles, M., Martens, P., Russo, V., Backelin, C. N., and Huynh, T.
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Ejection fraction ,business.industry ,Enfermedad cardiovascular ,Insuficiencia cardíaca ,medicine.disease ,Sacubitril ,Tratamiento médico ,Valsartan ,RC666-701 ,Internal medicine ,Meta-analysis ,Heart failure ,Hipertensión ,Systematic Review/Meta-analysis ,Cardiology ,medicine ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,Valsartán ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Adverse effect ,Sacubitril, Valsartan ,medicine.drug ,Cohort study - Abstract
Background: Sacubitril/valsartan (SV) is a novel and effective therapy for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Despite several sex-specific particularities that may influence drug effects, there has been no prior study evaluating the safety of SV in women with HFrEF in the “real-world.” Methods: We performed a literature search to identify observational studies evaluating SV. We contacted all authors to obtain sex-specific data on major adverse outcomes. We compared all-cause and cardiovascular (CV) deaths, heart failure hospitalizations, hyperkalemia, and hypotension in men and women. Results: We identified five cohort studies enrolling 8,981 patients; 6,092 men (67.8%) and 2,889 women (32.2%). The mean age was 67 years in both sexes. The rates for all-cause mortality, CV mortality, heart failure hospitalizations, hypotension, and hyperkalemia were similar between women and men. Although the unadjusted aggregate rates of all-cause and CV mortalities were numerically higher in men than in women, these differences did not reach statistical differences. Conclusion: Our meta-analysis showed similar rates of major adverse events in men and women with HFrEF treated with SV. Larger observational studies with longer duration and a higher number of women are needed to confirm the long-term safety of SV in women in the clinical practice. Résumé: Contexte: Le sacubitril/valsartan (SV) est un médicament novateur et efficace contre l’insuffisance cardiaque à fraction d’éjection réduite (ICFER). Malgré le fait que plusieurs particularités sexospécifiques peuvent influencer les effets du médicament, aucune étude préalable n’a été menée pour évaluer l’innocuité du SV chez les femmes atteintes d’ICFER dans la ''vraie vie''. Méthodologie: Nous avons effectué une recherche de la littérature pour recenser les études observationnelles évaluant le SV Nous avons communiqué avec tous les auteurs pour obtenir des données sexospécifiques sur les principaux issus défavorables. Nous avons comparé les données sur les décès toutes causes confondues et les décès d’origine cardiovasculaire (CV), les hospitalisations pour cause d’insuffisance cardiaque, l’hyperkaliémie et l’hypotension tant chez les hommes que chez les femmes. Résultats: Nous avons recensé cinq études de cohortes auxquelles ont participé 8 981 patients, soit 6 092 hommes (67,8 %) et 2 889 femmes (32,2 %). L’âge moyen était de 67 ans chez les patients des deux sexes. Les taux de décès toutes causes confondues, de décès d’origine CV, d’hospitalisation pour cause d’insuffisance cardiaque, d’hypotension et d’hyperkaliémie chez les femmes étaient similaires à ceux notés chez les hommes. Les taux globaux non ajustés de décès toutes causes confondues et de décès d’origine CV étaient numériquement plus élevés chez les hommes que chez les femmes, mais il n’y avait pas de différence sur le plan statistique. Conclusion: Notre méta-analyse a mis en évidence des taux similaires d’événements indésirables majeurs chez les hommes et chez les femmes atteints d’ICFER traités par le SV. Des études observationnelles à plus grande échelle avec de plus longue durée et un nombre plus élevé de femmes devront être menées pour confirmer l’innocuité à long terme du SV en pratique clinique chez les femmes.
- Published
- 2021
23. Myofibroblast-derived exosomes enhance macrophages to myofibroblasts transition and kidney fibrosis
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Wenqiang Yu, Jinfang Song, Shuangquan Chen, Jiayi Nie, Chujun Zhou, Jiamin Huang, and Hua Liang
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Exosomes ,macrophages ,myofibroblasts ,renal fibrosis ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
A critical event in the pathogenesis of kidney fibrosis is the transition of macrophages into myofibroblasts (MMT). Exosomes play an important role in crosstalk among cells in the kidney and the development of renal fibrosis. However, the role of myofibroblast-derived exosomes in the process of MMT and renal fibrosis progression remains unknown. Here, we examined the role of myofibroblast-derived exosomes in MMT and kidney fibrogenesis. In vitro, transforming growth factor-β1 stimulated the differentiation of kidney fibroblasts into myofibroblasts and promoted exosome release from myofibroblasts. RAW264.7 cells were treated with exosomes derived from myofibroblasts. We found purified exosomes from myofibroblasts trigger the MMT. By contrast, inhibition of exosome production with GW4869 or exosome depletion from the conditioned media abolished the ability of myofibroblasts to induce MMT. Mice treatment with myofibroblast-derived exosomes (Myo-Exo) exhibited severe fibrotic lesion and more abundant MMT cells in kidneys with folic acid (FA) injury, which was negated by TANK-banding kinase-1 inhibitor. Furthermore, suppression of exosome production reduced collagen deposition, extracellular matrix protein accumulation, and MMT in FA nephropathy. Collectively, Myo-Exo enhances the MMT and kidney fibrosis. Blockade of exosomes mediated myofibroblasts–macrophages communication may provide a novel therapeutic target for kidney fibrosis.
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- 2024
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24. Histone deacetylases: Regulation of vascular homeostasis via endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells and the role in vascular pathogenesis
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Hanyi Yang, Kai Guo, Peng Ding, Jiayi Ning, Yimeng Zhang, Yuanyong Wang, Zhaoyang Wang, Guanglin Liu, Changjian Shao, Minghong Pan, Zhiqiang Ma, Xiaolong Yan, and Jing Han
- Subjects
Deacetylation ,Endothelial cells ,Histone deacetylase ,Vascular disease ,Vascular smooth muscle cells ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Genetics ,QH426-470 - Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are proteases that play a key role in chromosome structural modification and gene expression regulation, and the involvement of HDACs in cancer, the nervous system, and the metabolic and immune system has been well reviewed. Our understanding of the function of HDACs in the vascular system has recently progressed, and a significant variety of HDAC inhibitors have been shown to be effective in the treatment of vascular diseases. However, few reviews have focused on the role of HDACs in the vascular system. In this study, the role of HDACs in the regulation of the vascular system mainly involving endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells was discussed based on recent updates, and the role of HDACs in different vascular pathogenesis was summarized as well. Furthermore, the therapeutic effects and prospects of HDAC inhibitors were also addressed in this review.
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- 2024
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25. Effects of Conventional Milk Versus Milk Containing Only A2 β-Casein on Digestion in Chinese Children: A Randomized Study
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Greg Yelland, Zailing Li, Jiayi Ni, and Xiaoyang Sheng
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Male ,Treatment outcome ,Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,Lactose Intolerance ,fluids and secretions ,0302 clinical medicine ,Asian People ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,030225 pediatrics ,Animals ,Humans ,Medicine ,Food science ,Child ,business.industry ,milk intolerance ,Original Articles: Nutrition ,Gastroenterology ,food and beverages ,Peptide Fragments ,Milk ,Treatment Outcome ,pediatric ,β casein ,gastrointestinal symptoms ,Child, Preschool ,Food, Fortified ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Digestion ,Female ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Endorphins ,beta-casomorphin-7 ,business - Abstract
Objectives: In this study, we hypothesized that replacing conventional milk, which contains A1 and A2 β-casein proteins, with milk that contains only A2 β-casein in the diet of dairy or milk-intolerant preschoolers (age 5 to 6 years) would result in reduced gastrointestinal symptoms associated with milk intolerance, and that this would correspond with cognitive improvements. Methods: This randomized, double-blind, crossover study aimed to compare the effects of 5 days’ consumption of conventional milk versus milk containing only A2 β-casein on gastrointestinal symptoms, as assessed via visual analog scales, average stool frequency and consistency, and serum inflammatory and immune biomarkers in healthy preschoolers with mild-to-moderate milk intolerance. The study also aimed to compare changes in the cognitive behavior of preschoolers, based on Subtle Cognitive Impairment Test scores. Results: Subjects who consumed milk containing only A2 β-casein had significantly less severe gastrointestinal symptoms as measured by visual analog scales, reduced stool frequency, and improvements in stool consistency, compared with subjects consuming conventional milk. There were significant increases from baseline in serum interleukin-4, immunoglobulins G, E, and G1, and beta-casomorphin-7 coupled to lower glutathione levels, in subjects consuming conventional milk compared with milk containing only A2 β-casein. Subtle Cognitive Impairment Test analysis showed significant improvements in test accuracy after consumption of milk containing only A2 β-casein. There were no severe adverse events related to consumption of either milk product. Conclusions: Replacing conventional milk with milk containing only A2 β-casein reduced gastrointestinal symptoms associated with milk intolerance in Chinese preschool children, with corresponding improvements in aspects of cognitive performance.
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- 2019
26. Comparing external and internal validation methods in correcting outcome misclassification bias in logistic regression: A simulation study and application to the case of postsurgical venous thromboembolism following total hip and knee arthroplasty
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Y. Laflamme, Lisa M. Lix, Suzan R. Kahn, Greg Berry, Elham Rahme, Mark Burman, Kaberi Dasgupta, Jiayi Ni, Alain Cirkovic, Denis Talbot, Ronald Dimentberg, and Geneviève Lefebvre
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Epidemiology ,Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Bayesian probability ,Knee replacement ,Validation Studies as Topic ,Logistic regression ,Risk Assessment ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,030226 pharmacology & pharmacy ,03 medical and health sciences ,Postoperative Complications ,0302 clinical medicine ,Odds Ratio ,medicine ,Humans ,Computer Simulation ,Pharmacology (medical) ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Diagnostic Errors ,Medical diagnosis ,Information bias ,Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,Quebec ,Bayes Theorem ,Venous Thromboembolism ,Odds ratio ,Middle Aged ,Pharmacoepidemiology ,Hospitals ,Confidence interval ,Data Accuracy ,3. Good health ,Logistic Models ,Emergency medicine ,Female ,business ,Administrative Claims, Healthcare - Abstract
Purpose We assessed the validity of postsurgery venous thromboembolism (VTE) diagnoses identified from administrative databases and compared Bayesian and multiple imputation (MI) approaches in correcting for outcome misclassification in logistic regression models. Methods Sensitivity and specificity of postsurgery VTE among patients undergoing total hip or knee replacement (THR/TKR) were assessed against chart review in six Montreal hospitals in 2009 to 2010. Administrative data on all THR/TKR Quebec patients in 2009 to 2010 were obtained. The performance of Bayesian external, Bayesian internal, and MI approaches to correct the odds ratio (OR) of postsurgery VTE in tertiary versus community hospitals was assessed using simulations. Bayesian external approach used prior information from external sources, while Bayesian internal and MI approaches used chart review. Results In total, 17 319 patients were included, 2136 in participating hospitals, among whom 75 had VTE in administrative data versus 81 in chart review. VTE sensitivity was 0.59 (95% confidence interval, 0.48-0.69) and specificity was 0.99 (0.98-0.99), overall. The adjusted OR of VTE in tertiary versus community hospitals was 1.35 (1.12-1.64) using administrative data, 1.45 (0.97-2.19) when MI was used for misclassification correction, and 1.53 (0.83-2.87) and 1.57 (0.39-5.24) when Bayesian internal and external approaches were used, respectively. In simulations, all three approaches reduced the OR bias and had appropriate coverage for both nondifferential and differential misclassification. Conclusion VTE identified from administrative data had low sensitivity and high specificity. The Bayesian external approach was useful to reduce outcome misclassification bias in logistic regression; however, it required accurate specification of the misclassification properties and should be used with caution.
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- 2018
27. Effect of an oral probiotic formula on scalp and facial skin condition, glucose, and lipid metabolism.
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Peng Yu, Xiaoyue Teng, Tingzhu Liu, Yuhan Li, Jiayi Ni, Siliang Xue, and Juan Wang
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PROBIOTICS ,LIPID metabolism ,HDL cholesterol ,SCALP ,SLEEP quality ,DIETARY supplements ,INSULIN ,LIPIDS - Abstract
Objective: We conducted this study to explore the effect of oral probiotic supplementation on hair density as a primary outcome in subjects with hair loss and at high risk of metabolic syndrome. The secondary objectives were to assess probiotic effects on skin barrier function,metabolic health and stress responses. Methods: We supplemented the diets of Chinese adults presenting with hair loss and high risk of metabolic syndrome (n = 26, male gender 38.5%, age = 33.6 ± 4.5 years) with a multi-strain probiotic formula at a dosage of 18.1 billion colony forming units (CFU) twice daily for 12 weeks. We compared the hair density, hair loss, anthropometrics measures, blood biochemistry markers, skin biophysical characteristics and stress-associated responses between baseline and the end of the trial. Results: After 12 weeks of probiotic supplementation, 96.2% of the study participants had improvement in hair density (median density level increased: 1; interquartile range: 1-2). Participants reported reduced hair loss both quantitatively and qualitatively. The majority (73.1%) of the participants reported apparent relief of scalp itching. Stratum corneum hydration and pH increased, while transepidermal water loss and sebum decreased on both scalp and facial skin. Body weight and body mass index decreased following probiotic consumption. Most components of glucose metabolism and the lipid profile were significantly better, with increases in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and reductions in glucose, homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance, total cholesterol, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides. Inflammation and oxidative stress markers improved with increases in interferon-γ and superoxide dismutase, and reductions in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, interleukin-31 and malondialdehyde. No changes were observed in glycated hemoglobin, insulin, immunoglobulin E and interleukin-10 levels. Besides, perceived stress relieved in participants accompanied with improved sleep quality as well as better overall perception of life quality and health. Conclusion: Twice-daily supplementation with the test probiotic formula over a 12-weeks period may exert profound beneficial effects on hair growth, skin condition, glucose and lipid metabolism, and stress-associated psychological and physiological responses in participants presenting with hair loss and high risk of metabolic syndrome. This study has been registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100050498). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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28. Author response for 'Prediction of Heart Failure Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Validation of the <scp> TRS‐HF DM </scp> Score in the <scp>ACCORD</scp> Trial'
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Jiayi Ni, Abhinav Sharma, Thao Huynh, Nadia Giannetti, João Pedro Ferreira, Faiez Zannad, Malik Elharram, and Subodh Verma
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Heart failure ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ,In patient ,medicine.disease ,business - Published
- 2020
29. Abstract 15518: Impact of Menopause on Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Women Without Cardiovascular Disease: Insights From the CARTaGENE Study
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Abhinav Sharma, Nadia Giannetti, Mark Sherman, Catherine-Elisabeth Boutet, Marie-Pierre Dubé, João Pedro Ferreira, George Thanassoulis, Jean-Claude Tardif, Jiayi Ni, Jean Grégoire, Maria Agustina Lopez Laporte, Ahmed AlTurki, Thao Huynh, and Anh Thi Nguyen
- Subjects
Menopause ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Physiology (medical) ,Heart failure ,Cardiovascular risk factors ,medicine ,Disease ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Intensive care medicine ,business ,medicine.disease - Abstract
Background: The effect of menopausal status on the risk factors of cardiovascular (CV) disease is not well ascertained. We aimed to evaluate the impact of menopause on several traditional and non-traditional cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. Methods: The CARTaGENE study was a prospective cohort study with random sampling of individuals in Quebec, Canada. We completed a seven-year follow-up in 2016. For this analysis, we included only subjects without prior cardiovascular (CV) events (CVE) or CV interventions (CVI). We defined the primary endpoint as CVE which can be any of the following events: acute coronary syndromes, heart failure, strokes, CV deaths, and peripheral vascular events. The secondary endpoint was CVI which included coronary, carotid, or peripheral artery revascularization. We used Cox proportional hazard stepwise multivariate analyses to identify independent predictors of the primary endpoint separately in pre- and post-menopausal women. Results Of 9,529 women without prior CV disease, 57% were post-menopausal. The mean age was 47.4 years and 58.6 years for pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women, respectively. There were 793 CVEs and 83 CVIs with a median time to event of 6.6 years. Hypertension, active smoking, increased waist to hip ratio, and glycosylated hemoglobin were independent predictors of the primary endpoint in both pre- and post-menopausal women. Furthermore, advanced age, family history of myocardial infarction, prior cancer, increased gamma-glutamyl transferase, and hyperuricemia also predicted increased riks of the primary endpoint in post-menopausal women. Conclusion: Hypertension, active smoking, increased waist to hip ratio, and high glycosylated hemoglobin were associated with increased CV risk in pre-menopausal women. The impact of hypertension was markedly amplified in pre-menopausal women compared to postmenopausal women. Intensive blood pressure control should be considered in pre-menopausal women.
- Published
- 2020
30. Abstract 15516: Predicting Heart Failure Hospitalization in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Validation of the TRS-HFDM Score in the ACCORD Trial
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João Pedro Ferreira, Malik Elharram, Jiayi Ni, Abhinav Sharma, and Thao Huynh
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Increased risk ,business.industry ,Physiology (medical) ,Internal medicine ,Heart failure ,Developing heart ,medicine ,Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,medicine.disease ,Diabetes type ii - Abstract
Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at an increased risk for developing heart failure (HF), and clinical models are needed to identify patients with a greater risk for HF hospitalization (HHF). The Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction Risk Score for Heart Failure in Diabetes (TRS-HFDM) was recently developed and validated to predict HHF in patients with T2DM in two large clinical trials (SAVOR-TIMI 53 and DECLARE-TIMI 58). We aimed to validate the TRS-HFDM in another cohort of patients with T2DM. Methods: We validated the TRS-HFDM score in 5,123 patients with T2DM for fatal or non-fatal HHF in the placebo arm of the ACCORD (Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes Study Group). The TRS-HFDM included: prior HF, history of atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio. We evaluated discrimination with the Harrell C index, and calibration by comparing observed event rates for HHF with predicted risk, and the Nam-D’Agostino statistic. Results: During a mean follow up of 4.8 years, 212 patients (4.14%) experienced at least one HHF. The mean age was 63 ±6.7 years, and 38% were female. The baseline hemoglobin A1C was 8.3%, and 36% were on insulin. The ACCORD patients had less comorbidities with a lower proportion of patients with renal dysfunction (8% vs. 16% vs. 17%), established cardiovascular disease (35% vs.79% vs. 41%) and pre-existing HF (5% vs. 13% vs. 10%) compared to patients enrolled in the SAVOR-TIMI 53 and DECLARE TIMI-58 trials respectively. In our cohort, the TRS-HFDM score predicted well HHF events with a Harrel C index of 0.78. The integer-based score was well calibrated, with the observed Kaplan-Meier HHF rates closely predicting the Kaplan-Meier event rates at the end follow up (Nam D`Agostino test: 65.39 (p Discussion: Our findings confirm the applicability of the TRS-HFDM in a large cohort of patients with T2DM with less high-risk features than the SAVOR-TIMI 53 and DECLARE-TIMI 58 populations. Future validation of this risk score in observational cohort studies is needed to evaluate its external validity in a general clinical setting.
- Published
- 2020
31. Correcting hazard ratio estimates for outcome misclassification using multiple imputation with internal validation data
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Elham Rahme, Jiayi Ni, Aaron Leong, and Kaberi Dasgupta
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Epidemiology ,business.industry ,Hazard ratio ,Statin treatment ,medicine.disease ,01 natural sciences ,Confidence interval ,Outcome (probability) ,3. Good health ,010104 statistics & probability ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,New onset diabetes ,Diabetes mellitus ,Statistics ,medicine ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Observational study ,030212 general & internal medicine ,0101 mathematics ,Internal validation ,business - Abstract
Objective Outcome misclassification may occur in observational studies using administrative databases. We evaluated a two-step multiple imputation approach based on complementary internal validation data obtained from two subsamples of study participants to reduce bias in hazard ratio (HR) estimates in Cox regressions. Methods We illustrated this approach using data from a surveyed sample of 6247 individuals in a study of statin-diabetes association in Quebec. We corrected diabetes status and onset assessed from health administrative data against self-reported diabetes and/or elevated fasting blood glucose (FBG) assessed in subsamples. The association between statin use and new onset diabetes was evaluated using administrative data and the corrected data. By simulation, we assessed the performance of this method varying the true HR, sensitivity, specificity, and the size of validation subsamples. Results The adjusted HR of new onset diabetes among statin users versus non-users was 1.61 (95% confidence interval: 1.09–2.38) using administrative data only, 1.49 (0.95–2.34) when diabetes status and onset were corrected based on self-report and undiagnosed diabetes (FBG ≥ 7 mmol/L), and 1.36 (0.92–2.01) when corrected for self-report and undiagnosed diabetes/impaired FBG (≥ 6 mmol/L). In simulations, the multiple imputation approach yielded less biased HR estimates and appropriate coverage for both non-differential and differential misclassification. Large variations in the corrected HR estimates were observed using validation subsamples with low participation proportion. The bias correction was sometimes outweighed by the uncertainty introduced by the unknown time of event occurrence. Conclusion Multiple imputation is useful to correct for outcome misclassification in time-to-event analyses if complementary validation data are available from subsamples. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
- Published
- 2017
32. CONTEMPORARY RISK FACTORS FOR CARDIOVASCULAR OUTCOMES AMONG MEN AND WOMEN - INSIGHTS FROM THE CARTAGENE STUDY
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Abhinav Sharma, João Pedro Ferreira, M. Lopez Laporte, C. Boutet, Marie-Pierre Dubé, George Thanassoulis, Jiayi Ni, Thao Huynh, Jean Grégoire, J.C. Tardif, Mark Sherman, and Ahmed AlTurki
- Subjects
Gerontology ,business.industry ,Medicine ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Cardiovascular outcomes - Published
- 2020
33. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE-ENABLED ECG ALGORITHM FOR THE SCREENING OF DIABETES
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Abhinav Sharma, Nadia Giannetti, Jiayi Ni, David Buckridge, and Thao Huynh
- Subjects
education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Population ,medicine.disease ,Convolutional neural network ,Diabetes mellitus ,medicine ,cardiovascular diseases ,Artificial intelligence ,Ecg signal ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,education ,business ,Algorithm - Abstract
We aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) based electrocardiogram (ECG) algorithm to screen patients for DM. A convolutional neural network was used to identify diabetes using ECG signal data in the CARTeGENE registry (population-based study in Quebec, Canada). In the registry, 7,460
- Published
- 2020
34. A META-ANALYSIS OF SHORT-TERM CASE-FATALITY RATE AMONG WHITE AND BLACK WOMEN WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES
- Author
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Jiayi Ni, Lars Wallentin, Joanna Bryan, Abdulhalim Kinsara, Khalid AlHabib, Robert Joel Goldberg, Shamanna Iyengar, Hanh Nguyen, Corina Grey, Lu Hou Tee, Cohen Gali, Sabin Filimon, Yariv Gerber, Chiara Betoncello, Shao-Li Wang, Rathod Krishnaraj, John A. Spertus, Genovefa Kolovou, Cristina Pop, Ayman Hammoudeh, Thao Huynh, Jorge Yarzebski, Elena Guadano, and Daniel Jones
- Subjects
Black women ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,White (horse) ,business.industry ,Meta-analysis ,Case fatality rate ,Medicine ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Term (time) - Abstract
It remains unclear whether black and white women with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) have similar short-term mortality. We completed a meta-analysis comparing the short-term mortality of black women to white women with ACS. We completed an extensive literature search from January 1987 to February
- Published
- 2020
35. HDAC7/c-Myc signaling pathway promotes the proliferation and metastasis of choroidal melanoma cells
- Author
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Yimeng Zhang, Peng Ding, Yuanyong Wang, Changjian Shao, Kai Guo, Hanyi Yang, Yingtong Feng, Jiayi Ning, Minghong Pan, Ping Wang, Xiaolong Yan, Zhiqiang Ma, and Jing Han
- Subjects
Cytology ,QH573-671 - Abstract
Abstract Choroidal melanoma (CM) is the most common type of diagnosed uveal melanoma (UM), which is prone to metastasis and exhibits a poor prognosis. The molecular mechanisms underlying CM progression need further elucidation to research effective therapeutic strategies. Histone deacetylase 7 (HDAC7) is very important in regulating cancer progression, but the significance and effect of HDAC7 on CM progression are unclear. In the present study, we found that HDAC7 is overexpressed in CM tissues versus normal tissues. We built HDAC7 overexpressing CM cell lines to study the functions of HDAC7 in CM progression and verified that upregulation of HDAC7 promoted the proliferation and metastasis of CM cells, while pharmacological inhibition of HDAC7 suppressed both the proliferation and metastasis of CM cells. Furthermore, we found that the aforementioned cancer-promoting effect of HDAC7 was mediated by c-Myc. Targeted inhibition of c-Myc inhibited CM progression by interfering with the HDAC7/c-Myc signaling pathway. Our study highlighted the function of targeting the HDAC7/c-Myc signaling pathway to intervene in the pathological process of CM, which provides potential therapeutic strategies for CM treatment.
- Published
- 2023
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36. Correcting hazard ratio estimates for outcome misclassification using multiple imputation with internal validation data
- Author
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Jiayi, Ni, Aaron, Leong, Kaberi, Dasgupta, and Elham, Rahme
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Insurance Claim Review ,Databases, Factual ,Diabetes Mellitus ,Quebec ,Humans ,Reproducibility of Results ,Female ,Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors ,Middle Aged ,Aged ,Proportional Hazards Models - Abstract
Outcome misclassification may occur in observational studies using administrative databases. We evaluated a two-step multiple imputation approach based on complementary internal validation data obtained from two subsamples of study participants to reduce bias in hazard ratio (HR) estimates in Cox regressions.We illustrated this approach using data from a surveyed sample of 6247 individuals in a study of statin-diabetes association in Quebec. We corrected diabetes status and onset assessed from health administrative data against self-reported diabetes and/or elevated fasting blood glucose (FBG) assessed in subsamples. The association between statin use and new onset diabetes was evaluated using administrative data and the corrected data. By simulation, we assessed the performance of this method varying the true HR, sensitivity, specificity, and the size of validation subsamples.The adjusted HR of new onset diabetes among statin users versus non-users was 1.61 (95% confidence interval: 1.09-2.38) using administrative data only, 1.49 (0.95-2.34) when diabetes status and onset were corrected based on self-report and undiagnosed diabetes (FBG ≥ 7 mmol/L), and 1.36 (0.92-2.01) when corrected for self-report and undiagnosed diabetes/impaired FBG (≥ 6 mmol/L). In simulations, the multiple imputation approach yielded less biased HR estimates and appropriate coverage for both non-differential and differential misclassification. Large variations in the corrected HR estimates were observed using validation subsamples with low participation proportion. The bias correction was sometimes outweighed by the uncertainty introduced by the unknown time of event occurrence.Multiple imputation is useful to correct for outcome misclassification in time-to-event analyses if complementary validation data are available from subsamples. Copyright © 2017 John WileySons, Ltd.
- Published
- 2016
37. LONG-TERM RESIDUAL RISK AND PREDICTORS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN INDIVIDUALS TAKING STATINS FOR PRIMARY PREVENTION: INSIGHTS FROM THE CARTAGENE STUDY
- Author
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Jean-Claude Tardif, Marie-Pierre Dubé, George Thanassoulis, Ahmed AlTurki, Jiayi Ni, Maxime Robert-Halabi, Mark Sherman, Anh Thy H. Nguyen, Jean Grégoire, and Thao Huynh
- Subjects
Residual risk ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Statin ,business.industry ,medicine.drug_class ,Primary prevention ,Psychological intervention ,Medicine ,Disease ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Intensive care medicine ,Term (time) - Abstract
The long-term residual risks for cardiovascular (CV) events among individuals taking statins for primary prevention remain unclear. Our objective was to determine the long-term rates and predictors of CV interventions (CVI) and CV events (CVE) in statin users for primary CV prevention. The
- Published
- 2019
38. Clinical evaluation of glutathione concentrations after consumption of milk containing different subtypes of β-casein: results from a randomized, cross-over clinical trial
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Jiayi Ni, Richard C. Deth, Andrew John Clarke, and Malav Suchin Trivedi
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0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Antioxidant ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Short Report ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Peptide ,Clinical nutrition ,Dairy ,Redox ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Downregulation and upregulation ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,β-casein ,business.industry ,Washout ,Glutathione ,Milk ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,Cell culture ,business ,Cysteine - Abstract
This study reports the plasma glutathione concentrations in a double-blind, randomized, controlled, 2 × 2 cross-over study in which healthy participants consumed conventional milk (2 × 250 mL per day) containing both A1 and A2 types of β-casein, or milk containing only A2 type β-casein. Beta-casomorphin-7 (BCM-7), a peptide uniquely derived from the A1 type of β-casein, was previously reported to downregulate glutathione expression in human gut epithelial and neuronal cell lines by limiting cysteine uptake. The current human study demonstrates that consumption of milk containing only A2 β-casein was associated with a greater increase in plasma glutathione concentrations compared with the consumption of milk containing both β-casein types, and did not increase plasma BCM-7 concentrations compared with the washout diet in the study participants. Thus, milk containing only A2 β-casein and not A1 β-casein has the potential to promote the production of the antioxidant glutathione in humans. Clinical Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov; identifier: NCT02406469 Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12937-016-0201-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
- Published
- 2015
39. α-Galacto-oligosaccharides Dose-Dependently Reduce Appetite and Decrease Inflammation in Overweight Adults
- Author
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Jiayi Ni, Qiuping Dai, Doneal Thomas, Patricia Parnet, Pascale Fança-Berthon, Fanny B Morel, Olygose SAS, Tongji University, Sprim Shanghai Consulting Company, Partenaires INRAE, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Physiologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles (PhAN), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Nantes (UN)
- Subjects
alpha-galacto-oligosaccharides ,Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Calorie ,food intake ,Dose ,Adolescent ,media_common.quotation_subject ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Appetite ,Overweight ,fibers ,Satiation ,Body Mass Index ,Young Adult ,Double-Blind Method ,Weight loss ,Internal medicine ,Weight Loss ,medicine ,Humans ,Meals ,media_common ,2. Zero hunger ,Inflammation ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,business.industry ,Middle Aged ,3. Good health ,Preload ,Endocrinology ,Treatment Outcome ,Dietary Supplements ,Composition (visual arts) ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Energy Intake ,Body mass index ,Trisaccharides - Abstract
International audience; Background: Dietary fibers have been associated with a reduction in appetite and energy intake. Although a few studies suggest that nonviscous fibers can exert such effects, likely through colonic fermentation, limited data are available. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether alpha-galacto-oligosaccharides (alpha-GOSs), fermentable soluble fibers extracted from legumes, could reduce appetite, food intake, and inflammation in overweight subjects. Methods: In 2 single-center, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials, 88 overweight adults [50% men and 50% women; 18-60 y old; body mass index (in kg/m(2)): 25-28] were supplemented for 14 d with tea that contained alpha-GOSs with different alpha-GOS dosages (6, 12, or 18 g alpha-GOSs/d), formulas (12 g alpha-GOSs/d with > 80% of molecules with a degree of polymerization of 2, 3, or 4), or a control substance (glucose syrup). Appetite scores (5 appetite dimensions were assessed on visual analog scales during a preload test meal), food intake (test meal and 24-h food recall), and inflammatory markers [plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and C-reactive protein (CRP)] were evaluated at day 0 (baseline) and day 15. Results: Changes in appetite scores from day 0 to day 15 were significantly higher after alpha-GOS intake, with areas under the curve for the satiety score of + 121 +/- 108, +218 +/- 218, and +306 +/- 205 score . min for 6, 12, and 18 g alpha-GOSs/d, respectively, and -5 +/- 64 score . min for the control group. We observed dose-dependent effects that did not vary by alpha-GOS composition. The administration of 6, 12, or 18 g alpha-GOSs/d significantly and dose-dependently increased the change in energy intake from day 0 to day 15 during a test meal (-13 +/- 19, -26 +/- 22, and -32 +/- 22 kcal, respectively; +6 +/- 21 kcal for the control group). Reductions in energy intake during lunch and dinner were also higher in the alpha-GOS groups in the dose-effect study. At day 15, LPS was dose-dependently reduced without an association with alpha-GOS composition (0.16 +/- 0.02, 0.12 +/- 0.08, and 0.08 +/- 0.05 EU/mL for 6, 12, and 18 g alpha-GOSs/d, respectively, and 0.06 +/- 0.04 EU/mL for the control group) and CRP was significantly lower in the alpha-GOS groups than in the control group in the formulation-effect study. Conclusions: Consumption of alpha-GOSs for 14 d dose-dependently reduced appetite, food intake, and inflammation in overweight adults with no impact of alpha-GOS composition. Consequently, alpha-GOSs appear to promote long-term weight loss and mitigate metabolic disorders.
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- 2014
40. In vivo evaluation of the antitussive, expectorant and bronchodilating effects of extract and fractions from aerial parts of Peganum harmala linn
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Guofeng Wang, Yongli Wang, Changhong Wang, Xuemei Cheng, Jingxin Wang, Shuping Li, Jiayi Ni, Shenglan Qi, Zhengtao Wang, Wei Liu, Tian-hui Zheng, and Yingying Gao
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Male ,food.ingredient ,Dose ,Bronchoconstriction ,Flavonoid ,Guinea Pigs ,Codeine Phosphate ,Pharmacology ,Citric Acid ,Phenolsulfonphthalein ,food ,Peganum harmala ,Ammonia ,Drug Discovery ,Medicine ,Animals ,Medicine, Chinese Traditional ,Expectorant ,Expectorants ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Mice, Inbred ICR ,biology ,Traditional medicine ,business.industry ,Plant Extracts ,Alkaloid ,Plant Components, Aerial ,biology.organism_classification ,Acetylcholine ,Bronchodilator Agents ,Trachea ,Antitussive Agents ,chemistry ,Cough ,Herb ,Aminophylline ,Female ,Peganum ,Capsaicin ,business ,medicine.drug ,Histamine ,Phytotherapy - Abstract
Ethnopharmacological relevance Aerial parts of Peganum harmala Linn (APP) is used as traditional medical herb in Uighur medicine in China, and it is traditionally used for treatment of cough and asthma.The aim of the present study is to evaluate the antitussive, expectorant and bronchodilating effects of extract and fractions (alkaloids and flavonoids) from APP, and to support its folk use with scientific evidence, and lay a foundation for its further researches. Materials and methods APP was extracted with 50% ethanol by reflux, extracts were concentrated in vacuum to afford total extract of APP (EXT). EXT was separated to provide alkaloid fraction (ALK) and flavonoid fraction (FLA) by macroporous resin. Antitussive evaluations were carried out with cough models in mice and guinea pigs induced by ammonia liquor, capsaicin, and citric acid. Phenol red secretion experiments in mice were performed to evaluate the expectorant activity. Bronchodilating activities were evaluated with a bronchoconstrictive challenge induced by acetylcholine chloride and histamine in guinea pigs. Results In all the three antitussive tests, the EXT and ALK could significantly inhibit the frequency of cough, and prolong the cough latent period in animals. High dose of EXT (1650 mg/kg) and ALK (90 mg/kg) in mice and in guinea pigs created therapeutic activities as good as that of codeine phosphate (30 mg/kg). EXT could significantly increase phenol red secretion in mice for 0.64, 1.08 and 1.29 fold averagely at dosages of 183, 550, and 1650 mg/kg, ALK for 0.63, 0.96, 1.06 fold averagely at dosages of 10, 30, and 90 mg/kg, and ammonium chloride (1500 mg/kg, standard expectorant drug) for 0.97 fold, comparing with control group. Aminophylline could dramatically prolong the preconvulsive time for 162.28% in guinea pigs, EXT for 67.34%, 101.96% and 138.00% at dosages of 183, 550, and 1650 mg/kg, ALK for 55.47%, 97.74% and 126.77% at dosages of 10, 30, and 90 mg/kg, and FLA for 84.69%, 95.94% and 154.52% at dosages of 10, 30, and 90 mg/kg, comparing with pretreatment. Conclusions APP is an effective traditional folk medicine for the treatment of cough with potent antitussive, expectorant and bronchodilating activities. The alkaloid fraction is proved to be the most effective components of APP. The alkaloids from APP may be valuable lead compounds for drug development of respiratory diseases.
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- 2014
41. Jmjd3/IRF4 axis aggravates myeloid fibroblast activation and m2 macrophage to myofibroblast transition in renal fibrosis
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Hua Liang, Benquan Liu, Ying Gao, Jiayi Nie, Shuyun Feng, Wenqiang Yu, Shihong Wen, and Xi Su
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Jmjd3 ,IRF4 ,renal fibrosis ,fibroblast ,macrophage ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
Renal fibrosis commonly occurs in the process of chronic kidney diseases. Here, we explored the role of Jumonji domain containing 3 (Jmjd3)/interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) axis in activation of myeloid fibroblasts and transition of M2 macrophages into myofibroblasts transition (M2MMT) in kidney fibrosis. In mice, Jmjd3 and IRF4 were highly induced in interstitial cells of kidneys with folic acid or obstructive injury. Jmjd3 deletion in myeloid cells or Jmjd3 inhibitor reduced the levels of IRF4 in injured kidneys. Myeloid Jmjd3 depletion impaired bone marrow-derived fibroblasts activation and M2MMT in folic acid or obstructive nephropathy, resulting in reduction of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins expression, myofibroblasts formation and renal fibrosis progression. Pharmacological inhibition of Jmjd3 also prevented myeloid fibroblasts activation, M2MMT, and kidney fibrosis development in folic acid nephropathy. Furthermore, IRF4 disruption inhibited myeloid myofibroblasts accumulation, M2MMT, ECM proteins accumulation, and showed milder fibrotic response in obstructed kidneys. Bone marrow transplantation experiment showed that wild-type mice received IRF4-/- bone marrow cells presented less myeloid fibroblasts activation in injured kidneys and exhibited much less kidney fibrosis after unilateral ureteral obstruction. Myeloid Jmjd3 deletion or Jmjd3 inhibitor attenuated expressions of IRF4, α-smooth muscle actin and fibronectin and impeded M2MMT in cultured monocytes exposed to IL-4. Conversely, overexpression IRF4 abrogated the effect of myeloid Jmjd3 deletion on M2MMT. Thus, Jmjd3/IRF4 signaling has a crucial role in myeloid fibroblasts activation, M2 macrophages to myofibroblasts transition, extracellular matrix protein deposition, and kidney fibrosis progression.
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- 2022
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42. Probiotics reduce symptoms of antibiotic use in a hospital setting: a randomized dose response study
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Cai DongLian, Arthur C. Ouwehand, Larry E. Miller, Jiayi Ni, Tad Stewart, Morgan E. Stewart, and Xu Weijian
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Adult ,Diarrhea ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Abdominal pain ,medicine.drug_class ,Antibiotics ,Placebo ,Gastroenterology ,law.invention ,Probiotic ,Bloating ,law ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous ,Aged ,General Veterinary ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,business.industry ,Clostridioides difficile ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Probiotics ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Middle Aged ,Hospitals ,Surgery ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Infectious Diseases ,Molecular Medicine ,Female ,Antibiotic-associated diarrhea ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Probiotics are known to reduce antibiotic associated diarrhea (AAD) and Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD) risk in a strain-specific manner. The aim of this study was to determine the dose-response effect of a four strain probiotic combination (HOWARU(®) Restore) on the incidence of AAD and CDAD and severity of gastrointestinal symptoms in adult in-patients requiring antibiotic therapy. Patients (n=503) were randomized among three study groups: HOWARU(®) Restore probiotic 1.70×10(10) CFU (high-dose, n=168), HOWARU(®) Restore probiotic 4.17×10(9) CFU (low-dose, n=168), or placebo (n=167). Subjects were stratified by gender, age, and duration of antibiotic treatment. Study products were administered daily up to 7 days after the final antibiotic dose. The primary endpoint of the study was the incidence of AAD. Secondary endpoints included incidence of CDAD, diarrhea duration, stools per day, bloody stools, fever, abdominal cramping, and bloating. A significant dose-response effect on AAD was observed with incidences of 12.5, 19.6, and 24.6% with high-dose, low-dose, and placebo, respectively (p=0.02). CDAD was the same in both probiotic groups (1.8%) but different from the placebo group (4.8%; p=0.04). Incidences of fever, abdominal pain, and bloating were lower with increasing probiotic dose. The number of daily liquid stools and average duration of diarrhea decreased with higher probiotic dosage. The tested four strain probiotic combination appears to lower the risk of AAD, CDAD, and gastrointestinal symptoms in a dose-dependent manner in adult in-patients.
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- 2012
43. Identification of circular RNA expression profiles in renal fibrosis induced by obstructive injury
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Jiangju Huang, Zhihao Zhang, Benquan Liu, Ying Gao, Jiayi Nie, Shihong Wen, Xiaohong Lai, and Hua Liang
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renal fibrosis ,uuo ,circrnas ,cerna ,bioinformatics analysis ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
Introduction Advancing renal fibrosis is the common histopathological feature of chronic obstructive nephropathy, representing the final pathway of nearly all chronic and progressive nephropathies. Increasing evidences suggest that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are crucial regulatory molecules present at virtually every level of the cellular pathophysiological process. Nonetheless, there are a few evidences for the role of circRNAs in renal fibrosis induced by obstructive nephropathy. Aims We performed RNA-seq analysis to analyze the expression profiles of circRNAs in the obstructed kidneys to identify the potential circRNAs and their network. Methods With silk ligated the left ureter to establish a mice unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model. Renal tissue circRNAs were obtained and were screened by a circRNA microarray. The circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network and the target genes were visualized using Cytoscape software. Results The microarray results showed that 5454 and 2935 circRNAs were detected in the control and UUO group, respectively. There were 605 circRNAs up-regulated and 745 circRNAs down-regulated in the obstructive kidneys. The top 5 up-regulated and down-regulated circRNAs were chosen for predicting the circRNA/miRNA/target mRNAs triple network. The GO (Gene Ontology) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) analysis showed that these circRNAs and the triple network were enriched in the process of apoptosis, p53 signaling pathway, cell growth and cell death, which might participate in the pathogenesis of obstructive nephrology. Conclusion Our results show that the dis-regulated circRNAs might play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of obstructive nephropathy, which proceeds to identify novel therapeutic targets for chronic kidney disease.
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- 2021
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44. Clinical evaluation of glutathione concentrations after consumption of milk containing different subtypes of β-casein: results from a randomized, cross-over clinical trial.
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Deth, Richard, Clarke, Andrew, Jiayi Ni, and Trivedi, Malav
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PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of glutathione ,CASEINS ,EPITHELIAL cells ,CELL lines ,CYSTEINE - Abstract
This study reports the plasma glutathione concentrations in a double-blind, randomized, controlled, 2 × 2 cross-over study in which healthy participants consumed conventional milk (2 × 250 mL per day) containing both A1 and A2 types of β-casein, or milk containing only A2 type β-casein. Beta-casomorphin-7 (BCM-7), a peptide uniquely derived from the A1 type of β-casein, was previously reported to downregulate glutathione expression in human gut epithelial and neuronal cell lines by limiting cysteine uptake. The current human study demonstrates that consumption of milk containing only A2 β-casein was associated with a greater increase in plasma glutathione concentrations compared with the consumption of milk containing both β-casein types, and did not increase plasma BCM-7 concentrations compared with the washout diet in the study participants. Thus, milk containing only A2 β-casein and not A1 β-casein has the potential to promote the production of the antioxidant glutathione in humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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45. Effects of milk containing only A2 beta casein versus milk containing both A1 and A2 beta casein proteins on gastrointestinal physiology, symptoms of discomfort, and cognitive behavior of people with self-reported intolerance to traditional cows' milk.
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Sun Jianqin, Xu Leiming, Xia Lu, Yelland, Gregory W., Jiayi Ni, Clarke, Andrew J., Jianqin, Sun, Leiming, Xu, Lu, Xia, and Ni, Jiayi
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MILK ,CASEIN genetics ,PROTEIN genetics ,COGNITIVE therapy ,LACTOSE intolerance ,GENETICS ,PHYSIOLOGY ,ANIMAL experimentation ,ASIANS ,CASEINS ,CATTLE ,COGNITION ,COMPARATIVE studies ,CROSSOVER trials ,DIGESTION ,ENDORPHINS ,FECES ,GASTROINTESTINAL system ,INFLAMMATION ,RESEARCH methodology ,MEDICAL cooperation ,PEPTIDES ,RESEARCH ,SELF-evaluation ,EVALUATION research ,RANDOMIZED controlled trials ,BLIND experiment - Abstract
Background: Cows' milk generally contains two types of β-casein, A1 and A2 types. Digestion of A1 type can yield the peptide β-casomorphin-7, which is implicated in adverse gastrointestinal effects of milk consumption, some of which resemble those in lactose intolerance. This study aimed to compare the effects of milk containing A1 β-casein with those of milk containing only A2 β-casein on inflammation, symptoms of post-dairy digestive discomfort (PD3), and cognitive processing in subjects with self-reported lactose intolerance.Methods: Forty-five Han Chinese subjects participated in this double-blind, randomized, 2 × 2 crossover trial and consumed milk containing both β-casein types or milk containing only A2 β-casein. Each treatment period was 14 days with a 14-day washout period at baseline and between treatment periods. Outcomes included PD3, gastrointestinal function (measured by smart pill), Subtle Cognitive Impairment Test (SCIT), serum/fecal laboratory biomarkers, and adverse events.Results: Compared with milk containing only A2 β-casein, the consumption of milk containing both β-casein types was associated with significantly greater PD3 symptoms; higher concentrations of inflammation-related biomarkers and β-casomorphin-7; longer gastrointestinal transit times and lower levels of short-chain fatty acids; and increased response time and error rate on the SCIT. Consumption of milk containing both β-casein types was associated with worsening of PD3 symptoms relative to baseline in lactose tolerant and lactose intolerant subjects. Consumption of milk containing only A2 β-casein did not aggravate PD3 symptoms relative to baseline (i.e., after washout of dairy products) in lactose tolerant and intolerant subjects.Conclusions: Consumption of milk containing A1 β-casein was associated with increased gastrointestinal inflammation, worsening of PD3 symptoms, delayed transit, and decreased cognitive processing speed and accuracy. Because elimination of A1 β-casein attenuated these effects, some symptoms of lactose intolerance may stem from inflammation it triggers, and can be avoided by consuming milk containing only the A2 type of beta casein.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT02406469. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2016
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46. α-Galacto-oligosaccharides Dose-Dependently Reduce Appetite and Decrease Inflammation in Overweight Adults.
- Author
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Morel, Fanny B., Qiuping Dai, Jiayi Ni, Thomas, Doneal, Parnet, Patricia, and Fança-Berthon, Pascale
- Subjects
DIETARY supplements ,OLIGOSACCHARIDES ,METABOLIC disorders ,INFLAMMATION ,OVERWEIGHT persons - Abstract
Background: Dietary fibers have been associated with a reduction in appetite and energy intake. Although a few studies suggest that nonviscous fibers can exert such effects, likely through colonic fermentation, limited data are available. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether α-galacto-oligosaccharides (α-GOSs), fermentable soluble fibers extracted from legumes, could reduce appetite, food intake, and inflammation in overweight subjects. Methods: In 2 single-center, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials, 88 overweight adults [50% men and 50% women; 18-60 y old; body mass index (in kg/m²): 25-28] were supplemented for 14 d with tea that contained α-GOSs with different α-GOS dosages (6, 12, or 18 g α-GOSs/d), formulas (12 g α-GOSs/d with >80% of molecules with a degree of polymerization of 2, 3, or 4), or a control substance (glucose syrup). Appetite scores (5 appetite dimensions were assessed on visual analog scales during a preload test meal), food intake (test meal and 24-h food recall), and inflammatory markers [plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and C-reactive protein (CRP)] were evaluated at day 0 (baseline) and day 15. Results: Changes in appetite scores from day 0 to day 15 were significantly higher after α-GOS intake, with areas under the curve for the satiety score of +121 ± 108, +218 ± 218, and +306 ± 205 score ⋅ min for 6, 12, and 18 g α-GOSs/d, respectively, and -5 ± 64 score ⋅ min for the control group. We observed dose-dependent effects that did not vary by α-GOS composition. The administration of 6, 12, or 18 g α-GOSs/d significantly and dose-dependently increased the change in energy intake from day 0 to day 15 during a test meal (-13 ± 19, -26 ± 22, and -32 ± 22 kcal, respectively; +6 ± 21 kcal for the control group). Reductions in energy intake during lunch and dinner were also higher in the α-GOS groups in the doseeffect study. At day 15, LPS was dose-dependently reduced without an association with α-GOS composition (0.16 ± 0.02, 0.12 ± 0.08, and 0.08 ± 0.05 EU/mL for 6, 12, and 18 g α-GOSs/d, respectively, and 0.06 ± 0.04 EU/mL for the control group) and CRP was significantly lower in the α-GOS groups than in the control group in the formulation-effect study. Conclusions: Consumption of α-GOSs for 14 d dose-dependently reduced appetite, food intake, and inflammation in overweight adults with no impact of α-GOS composition. Consequently, α-GOSs appear to promote long-term weight loss and mitigate metabolic disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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47. Effects of milk containing only A2 beta casein versus milk containing both A1 and A2 beta casein proteins on gastrointestinal physiology, symptoms of discomfort, and cognitive behavior of people with self-reported intolerance to traditional cows’ milk
- Author
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Sun Jianqin, Xu Leiming, Xia Lu, Gregory Wayne Yelland, Andrew John Clarke, and Jiayi Ni
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Physiology ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Clinical nutrition ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Casein ,medicine ,Cows’ milk ,Lactose ,Adverse effect ,A2 milk ,Lactose intolerance ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,β-casein ,business.industry ,Research ,food and beverages ,medicine.disease ,Crossover study ,Gastrointestinal function ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Cognitive processing ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,business - Abstract
Background Cows’ milk generally contains two types of β-casein, A1 and A2 types. Digestion of A1 type can yield the peptide β-casomorphin-7, which is implicated in adverse gastrointestinal effects of milk consumption, some of which resemble those in lactose intolerance. This study aimed to compare the effects of milk containing A1 β-casein with those of milk containing only A2 β-casein on inflammation, symptoms of post-dairy digestive discomfort (PD3), and cognitive processing in subjects with self-reported lactose intolerance. Methods Forty-five Han Chinese subjects participated in this double-blind, randomized, 2 × 2 crossover trial and consumed milk containing both β-casein types or milk containing only A2 β-casein. Each treatment period was 14 days with a 14-day washout period at baseline and between treatment periods. Outcomes included PD3, gastrointestinal function (measured by smart pill), Subtle Cognitive Impairment Test (SCIT), serum/fecal laboratory biomarkers, and adverse events. Results Compared with milk containing only A2 β-casein, the consumption of milk containing both β-casein types was associated with significantly greater PD3 symptoms; higher concentrations of inflammation-related biomarkers and β-casomorphin-7; longer gastrointestinal transit times and lower levels of short-chain fatty acids; and increased response time and error rate on the SCIT. Consumption of milk containing both β-casein types was associated with worsening of PD3 symptoms relative to baseline in lactose tolerant and lactose intolerant subjects. Consumption of milk containing only A2 β-casein did not aggravate PD3 symptoms relative to baseline (i.e., after washout of dairy products) in lactose tolerant and intolerant subjects. Conclusions Consumption of milk containing A1 β-casein was associated with increased gastrointestinal inflammation, worsening of PD3 symptoms, delayed transit, and decreased cognitive processing speed and accuracy. Because elimination of A1 β-casein attenuated these effects, some symptoms of lactose intolerance may stem from inflammation it triggers, and can be avoided by consuming milk containing only the A2 type of beta casein. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT02406469 Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12937-016-0147-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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- View/download PDF
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