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This paper deals with fractional stochastic nonlocal partial differential equations driven by multiplicative noise. We first prove the existence and uniqueness of solution to this kind of equations with white noise by applying the Galerkin method. Then, the existence and uniqueness of tempered pullback random attractor for the equation are ensured in an appropriate Hilbert space. When the fractional nonlocal partial differential equations are driven by colored noise, which indeed are approximations of the previous ones, we show the convergence of solutions of Wong–Zakai approximations and the upper semicontinuity of random attractors of the approximate random system as [Formula: see text].

In this paper, the asymptotic behavior of a semilinear heat equation with long time memory and non-local diffusion is analyzed in the usual set-up for dynamical systems generated by differential equations with delay terms. This approach is different from the previous published literature on the long time behavior of heat equations with memory which is carried out by the Dafermos transformation. As a consequence, the obtained results provide complete information about the attracting sets for the original problem, instead of the transformed one. In particular, the proved results also generalize and complete previous literature in the local case.

Linear active disturbance rejection control (LADRC) is applied as power system stabilizer (PSS) in power systems to damp the low-frequency oscillations. A tuning method for second-order LADRC is pr...

This paper is concerned with the asymptotic behavior of solutions to nonlocal stochastic partial differential equations with multiplicative and additive noise driven by a standard Brownian motion, respectively. First of all, the stochastic nonlocal differential equations are transformed into their associated conjugated random differential equations, we then construct the dynamical systems to the original problems via the properties of conjugation. Next, in the case of multiplicative noise, we establish the existence of the random attractor when it absorbs every bounded deterministic set. Particularly, it is shown the pullback random attractor, which is also forward attracting, becomes a singleton when the external forcing term vanishes at zero. Eventually, in the case of additive noise, two approaches are applied to prove the existence of pullback random attractors with the help of energy estimations. Actually, these two attractors turn out to be the same one.

In this paper, the well-posedness of stochastic time fractional 2D-Stokes equations of order $$\alpha \in (0,1)$$ containig finite or infinite delay with multiplicative noise is established, respectively, in the spaces $$C([-h,0];L^2(\varOmega ;L^2_{\sigma }))$$ and $$C((-\infty ,0];L^2(\varOmega ;L^2_{\sigma }))$$. The existence and uniqueness of mild solution to such kind of equations are proved by using a fixed-point argument. Also the continuity with respect to initial data is shown. Finally, we conclude with several comments on future research concerning the challenging model: time fractional stochastic delay 2D-Navier–Stokes equations with multiplicative noise. Hence, this paper can be regarded as a first step to study this challenging topic.

In the frequency modulation process of the heavy power generation gas turbine, the variation of output power will cause the fluctuation of the operating parameters. In order to detect the anomaly of the true performance deterioration accurately, a novel statistical anomaly detection model was developed. First, the mathematical description of the operating parameters under three different operating conditions—unsteady-state, steady-state and normal, steady-state and anomaly—was presented according to the characteristics of parameters and output power. Second, the new characteristic test statistic P-ratio based on the T-statistic was proposed for the anomaly detection under the steady-state condition. Then, the on-line steady-state detection algorithm based on the Gaussian mixture model was built for the unsteady-state identification. Finally, the efficacy of the model was examined on the synthetic deterioration data, which superimposes the anomaly simulation signal data on the real healthy data from a real power generation gas turbine. The testing result is shown to be satisfactory with respect to the false positive rate and the true positive rate. Future research is required to further improve the accuracy of the proposed model.

The paper addresses a kind of non-autonomous nonlocal parabolic equations when the external force contains hereditary characteristics involving bounded and unbounded delays. First, well-posedness of the problem is analyzed by the Galerkin method and energy estimations in the phase space Cρ(X). Moreover, some results related to strong solutions are proved under suitable assumptions. The existence of stationary solutions is then established by a corollary of the Brower fixed point theorem. By constructing appropriate Lyapunov functionals in terms of the characteristic delay terms, a deep analysis on stability and attractive-ness of the stationary solutions is established. Furthermore, the existence of pullback attractors in L2( ), with bounded and unbounded delays, is shown. We emphasize that, to prove the existence of pullback attractors in the unbounded delay case, a new phase space, Eγ, has to be constructed. Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MCIU). España Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI). España Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) Junta de Andalucía (Consejería de Economía y Conocimiento)

In this paper, it is first addressed the well-posedness of weak solutions to a nonlocal partial differential equation with long time memory, which is carried out by exploiting the nowadays well-known technique used by Dafermos in the early 70's. Thanks to this Dafermos transformation, the original problem with memory is transformed into a non-delay one for which the standard theory of autonomous dynamical system can be applied. Thus, some results about the existence of global attractors for the transformed problem are {proved}. Particularly, when the initial values have higher regularity, the solutions of both problems (the original and the transformed ones) are equivalent. Nevertheless, the equivalence of global attractors for both problems is still unsolved due to the lack of enough regularity of solutions in the transformed problem. It is therefore proved the existence of global attractors of the transformed problem. Eventually, it is highlighted how to proceed to obtain meaningful results about the original problem, without performing any transformation, but working directly with the original delay problem.

In order to explore a cathode material with high electrochemical performance for lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs), a novel core-shell structured tubular amorphous carbon@sulfur@polypyrrole (TAC@S@PPy) composite with a dual-conductive layer is synthesized by in-situ chemical precipitation and chemical oxidation polymerization, including a TAC conductive matrix layer, an intermediate sulfur layer, and an external PPy coating layer with a certain conductivity and adsorptivity for polysulfides. Compared to pure sulfur and TAC@S composite, the core-shell structured TAC@S@PPy composite exhibits a higher discharge specific capacity of 1111 mAh g− 1, and still maintains at 731 mAh g− 1 after 100 cycles at a current density of 335 mA g− 1. Whereas, TAC@S composite and pure sulfur only retain 472 and 224 mAh g− 1 after 100 cycles at the same current density, respectively. Therefore, these results indicate that the core-shell structured TAC@S@PPy composite with a dual-conductive layer would be a promising cathode for LSBs.

Recently, lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) have received extensive attention due to its high energy density of 2600 Wh kg−1. At the same time, sulfur is earth-abundant, economical and non-poisonous. Nevertheless, the poor electrochemical performance restricts its commercial application, including the inferior cycling stability caused by the significant dissolution of lithium polysulfides and the low specific capacity because of the poor electrical conductivity of sulfur. In this work, we adopt a simple and amicable process to prepare sulfur/alumina/polypyrrole (S/Al2O3/PPy) ternary hybrid material to overcome these defects. In this strategy, each composition of the ternary hybrid material plays an essential role in cathode: alumina and PPy can provide strong adsorption for the dissolved intermediate polysulfides. Meanwhile, PPy also works as a conductive and flexible additive to expedite electron transport, and is coated on the surface of the as-prepared S Al2O3 composite by in situ chemical polymerization. The sulfur is encapsulated uniformly and perfectively by the two components, which is confirmed by field emission scanning electron microscope. The ternary hybrid material manifests good electrochemical performance as expected, and displays high initial discharge capacity of 1088 mA h g−1 and a discharge capacity of 730 mA h g−1 after 100 cycles at a current density of 200 mA g−1. Besides, S/Al2O3/PPy also shows good rate capability. The synergy between alumina and PPy is the decisive factor, which gives rise to good electrochemical performance of cathode for high-performance LSBs.

The asymptotic behavior of a stochastic lattice system with a Caputo fractional time derivative is investigated. In particular, the existence of a global forward attracting set in the weak mean-square topology is established. A general theorem on the existence of solutions for a fractional SDE in a Hilbert space under the assumption that the nonlinear term is weakly continuous in a given sense is established and applied to the lattice system. The existence and uniqueness of solutions for a more general fractional SDEs is also obtained under a Lipschitz condition.

High-throughput sequencing technology is a revolutionary technological innovation of sequencing technology. This technology, with low cost and high throughput data, brought new research methods and solutions for genomics and post genomics research. In plant and animal research, the high-throughput sequencing, leading a landmark innovation in scientific research model, can improve researches in the genome, transcriptome and epigenome, and multi-level system. In this review, we described the research progress of high-throughput sequencing applications in plant and animal genomics and functional genomics, and the current status and hot points of high-throughput sequencing technology. We also discussed the trends in the further application of high-throughput sequencing.

High-throughput sequencing is a revolutionary technological innovation in DNA sequencing. This technology has an ultra-low cost per base of sequencing and an overwhelmingly high data output. High-throughput sequencing has brought novel research methods and solutions to the research fields of genomics and post-genomics. Furthermore, this technology is leading to a new molecular breeding revolution that has landmark significance for scientific research and enables us to launch multi-level, multi-faceted, and multi-extent studies in the fields of crop genetics, genomics, and crop breeding. In this paper, we review progress in the application of high-throughput sequencing technologies to plant molecular breeding studies.

The Brassicaceae family which includes Arabidopsis thaliana, is a natural priority for reaching beyond botanical models to more deeply sample angiosperm genomic and functional diversity. Here we report the draft genome sequence and its annoation of Brassica rapa, one of the two ancestral species of oilseed rape. We modeled 41,174 protein-coding genes in the B. rapa genome. B. rapa has experienced only the second genome triplication reported to date, with its close relationship to A. thaliana providing a useful outgroup for investigating many consequences of triplication for its structural and functional evolution. The extent of gene loss (fractionation) among triplicated genome segments varies, with one copy containing a greater proportion of genes expected to have been present in its ancestor (70 percent) than the remaining two (46 percent and 36 percent). Both a generally rapid evolutionary rate, and specific copy number amplifications of particular gene families, may contribute to the remarkable propensity of Brassica species for the development of new morphological variants. The B. rapa genome provides a new resource for comparative and evolutionary analysis of the Brassicaceae genomes and also a platform for genetic improvement of Brassica oil and vegetable crops.

A soybean MADS box gene GmGAL2 (Glycine max AGAMOUS Like 2), a homolog of AGL11/STK, was investigated in transgenic Arabidopsis lines. Ectopic expression of GmGAL2 in Arabidopsis enhanced flowering, under both long-day and short-day conditions, by promoting expression of key flowering genes, CONSTANS (CO) and FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), and lowering expression of floral inhibiter FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC). Moreover, frequency of silique pod set was also lower in transgenic compared to control Arabidopsis plants. RT-PCR results revealed that GmGAL2 was primarily expressed in the flowers and pods of soybean plants, GmGAL2 expressed higher in SD than LD in soybean.

Summary Soybean is a typical short-day crop, and its photoperiodic response of flowering is critical to its yield. This phenomenon was well studied during the last century, but the molecular mechanism governing it is unknown. The clock-gene homologs, GmLCL1 and GmLCL2 ( Glycine max LHY/CCA1 Like 1 and 2 ) and GmTOC1 ( Glycine max TOC1 ) were cloned from Glycine max L. KN18, and their expression patterns were analyzed using a system developed in this study. We employed 8 h light/16 h dark and 18 h light/6 h dark as short- and long-day conditions, respectively, because in these conditions soybean plants had significant indexes of flowering time. We also used unifoliolates, not the whole plant as Arabidopsis , as target organs for gene expression analysis. GmLCL1 and GmLCL2 had similar circadian expression patterns and both were morning genes, while GmTOC1 was an evening gene and peaked in the evening. The expressions of GmLCL1 and GmLCL2 were obviously antiphase to that of GmTOC1 .Our study provided a system that simplified the experiments without compromising the quality of data obtained and was suitable for analyzing the molecular mechanism of flowering in soybean. GmLCL1 , GmLCL2 and GmTOC1 may be the components of central clock in soybean.

As an economic crop, pepper satisfies people's spicy taste and has medicinal uses worldwide. To gain a better understanding of Capsicum evolution, domestication, and specialization, we present here the genome sequence of the cultivated pepper Zunla-1 (C. annuum L.) and its wild progenitor Chiltepin (C. annuum var. glabriusculum). We estimate that the pepper genome expanded similar to 0.3 Mya (with respect to the genome of other Solanaceae) by a rapid amplification of retrotransposons elements, resulting in a genome comprised of similar to 81% repetitive sequences. Approximately 79% of 3.48-Gb scaffolds containing 34,476 protein-coding genes were anchored to chromosomes by a high-density genetic map. Comparison of cultivated and wild pepper genomes with 20 resequencing accessions revealed molecular footprints of artificial selection, providing us with a list of candidate domestication genes. We also found that dosage compensation effect of tandem duplication genes probably contributed to the pungent diversification in pepper. The Capsicum reference genome provides crucial information for the study of not only the evolution of the pepper genome but also, the Solanaceae family, and it will facilitate the establishment of more effective pepper breeding programs.

Tigers and their close relatives (Panthera) are some of the world’s most endangered species. Here we report the de novo assembly of an Amur tiger whole-genome sequence as well as the genomic sequences of a white Bengal tiger, African lion, white African lion and snow leopard. Through comparative genetic analyses of these genomes, we find genetic signatures that may reflect molecular adaptations consistent with the big cats’ hypercarnivorous diet and muscle strength. We report a snow leopard-specific genetic determinant in EGLN1 (Met39>Lys39), which is likely to be associated with adaptation to high altitude. We also detect a TYR260G>A mutation likely responsible for the white lion coat colour. Tiger and cat genomes show similar repeat composition and an appreciably conserved synteny. Genomic data from the five big cats provide an invaluable resource for resolving easily identifiable phenotypes evident in very close, but distinct, species., Tigers are an endangered species and therefore understanding their genetic architecture could aid conservation efforts. Here, the authors report the first genome sequence of the Amur tiger and, through close species comparative genomic analysis, provide insight into the genome organization, evolutionary divergence and diversity of big cats.

The analysis and implementation of UDP-based cross-platform data shows that the advantages of UDP protocol are better understood and it's the best places of application. Further, master the knowledge of data transmission and the operation to XML file. By parsing an XML document, which will extract the data stored, and then packaged in these data through the UDP protocol, send data to the receiving program, After the receiving program receives the data, the data in the package open, extract original data, and then use these data to generate relevant content of the XML file, in the end output. In addition, the article also reflects the advantage of Java language: cross-platform.

This paper describes the impact of lightning on grid line, based on corridor radius algorithm, realize the grid lines surrounding lightning location analysis methods, including lightning occurs time, latitude and longitude, electricity, etc. Through comprehensive analysis of the lightning information and grid lines transmission information, fault information to judge whether lightning cause grid line fault. Through the data mining, and then analyzes the lightning and grid line fault correlation relationship. According to this research result, we have developed the ‘lightning automatic statistic analysis system’, it can show the location and polarity of lightning in GIS system as image, providing reference basis for electric power dispatching.

According to the System Theory and the requirement in the oil depot area, combined with the application integration of OA, HSE, GIS system, the article describes The Security emergency command system in oil depot. It may realize the HSE management information, the visualization and integration conformity of the storehouse district security hardware, therefore, it is very important to improve the emergency command ability and safety management of the oil depot area.

1. Fumin Lei is no longer listed as an author of this article. Instead, his helpful input is noted in the acknowledgements section. 2. The provisional version of this article mistakenly stated that zebra finch belongs to the Paridae family. We have now corrected this error to reflect the classification of this species to the Estrildidae family. 3. In the abstract of the provisional version of the article we stated that the phylogeny of the ground tit was confirmed as belonging to the Paridae family. We have now re-phrased this sentence to say that ground tit phylogeny was confirmed as not belonging to the Corvidae family. 4. In the conclusions of the provisional version of the article we stated that the phylogeny of the ground tit was confirmed as not belonging to the Corvidae family but to the Paridae family. We have now re-phrased this conclusion to say that ground tit phylogeny was confirmed as not belonging to the Corvidae family.

Background: The mechanism of high-altitude adaptation has been studied in certain mammals. However, in avian species like the ground tit Pseudopodoces humilis, the adaptation mechanism remains unclear. The phylogeny of the ground tit is also controversial. Results: Using next generation sequencing technology, we generated and assembled a draft genome sequence of the ground tit. The assembly contained 1.04 Gb of sequence that covered 95.4% of the whole genome and had higher N50 values, at the level of both scaffolds and contigs, than other sequenced avian genomes. About 1.7 million SNPs were detected, 16,998 protein-coding genes were predicted and 7% of the genome was identified as repeat sequences. Comparisons between the ground tit genome and other avian genomes revealed a conserved genome structure and confirmed the phylogeny of ground tit as not belonging to the Corvidae family. Gene family expansion and positively selected gene analysis revealed genes that were related to cardiac function. Our findings contribute to our understanding of the adaptation of this species to extreme environmental living conditions. Conclusions: Our data and analysis contribute to the study of avian evolutionary history and provide new insights into the adaptation mechanisms to extreme conditions in animals.