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Hard ceramic coatings were successfully prepared on the surface of ZM5 magnesium alloy by micro-arc oxidation (MAO) technology in silicate and aluminate electrolytes, respectively. The optimization of hard ceramic coatings prepared in these electrolyte systems was investigated through an orthogonal experimental design. The microstructure, elemental composition, phase composition, and tribological properties of the coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and tribological testing equipment. The results show that the growth of the hard ceramic coatings is significantly influenced by the different electrolyte systems. Coatings prepared from both systems have shown good wear resistance, with the aluminate electrolyte system being superior to the silicate system in performance. The optimized formulation for the silicate electrolyte solution has been determined to be sodium silicate at 8 g/L, sodium dihydrogen phosphate at 0.2 g/L, sodium tetraborate at 2 g/L, and potassium hydroxide at 1 g/L. The optimized formulation for the aluminate electrolyte solution consists of sodium aluminate at 5 g/L, sodium fluoride at 3 g/L, sodium citrate at 3 g/L, and sodium hydroxide at 0.5 g/L.

Pharmaceutical contaminants are causing great attention for the public people, urgently requiring to be eliminated from the environment. Herein, commercial pharmaceutical carbamazepine was chosen as a model to be degraded by a heterogeneous Fenton system using natural pyrite as catalyst. The catalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction apparatus, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The elements composition and chemical states of pyrite changed significantly after the Fenton reaction, which promoted the production of active species in the electron transfer process. The degradation efficiency of carbamazepine (2.5 mg/L) can reach 99.71% after 30 min with 0.3 g/L of pyrite and 5 mM of H2O2, respectively. The reaction system was suitable for a wide range of pH (3–9). The environmental adaptability examination of pyrite showed that humic acid (HA) had inhibitory effects on the degradation of carbamazepine. While the changes of degradation efficiency of carbamazepine were inconspicuous in the presence of NO3− and SO42−, indicating strong anti-interference to environment common anions. Free-radical capturers suggested that hydroxyl radical (∙OH), superoxide radical (∙O2−), and singlet oxygen (1O2) participated in the degradation of carbamazepine. This research has offered a new strategy of “treating wastes with wastes” to use pyrite to remove emerging pollutants.

Context Apigenin displays antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, effects of apigenin magnesium (AM) complex on these aspects remain unknown. Objective This study investigated the effects of AM complex on oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced rat hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Materials and methods The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of AM complex at concentrations of 0.625, 1.25, and 2.5 mg/mL were evaluated, comparing to HSCs treated by H2O2 alone. Cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS), the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) levels were measured. Moreover, cell apoptosis, mRNA expression levels of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), NF-κB, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were assessed. Results AM complex significantly inhibited oxidative stress and inflammatory response at concentrations of 0.625, 1.25, and 2.5 mg/mL (IC50 = 1.679 mg/mL). AM complex elevated the survival rate of H2O2-treated HSCs and had no toxic effects on HSCs. AM complex also promoted SOD activity and GSH levels but suppressed ROS, MDA, and NO levels. Additionally, AM complex decreased IL-6 and NF-κB levels, gene expression of TGF-β, NF-κB, and iNOS, as well as induced apoptosis of HSCs. Discussion and conclusions Data indicated that AM complex mitigated oxidative stress and inflammatory responses on H2O2-treated HSCs, suggesting that AM complex is a possible candidate for anti-hepatic diseases. Additional efforts, both in vivo and in humans, are required to assess of AM complex as a potential therapeutic drug in liver diseases.

Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a multifactorial systemic disorder that occurs in the absence of excessive alcohol consumption. The disease is characterized by fatty degeneration and fat accumulation in liver parenchymal cells, the incidence of which is increasing annually, particularly in younger adults. MAFLD is caused by genetic and metabolism related disorders, of which mitochondrial dysfunction is the major contributor. Natural products can relieve MAFLD through restoring mitochondrial function. In this article, we describe the relationship between mitochondria and MAFLD and discuss the beneficial effects of natural products as a future anti-MAFLD strategy. Significance Statement. We herein propose that the development of mitochondrial regulators/nutrients from natural products can remedy mitochondrial dysfunction which represents an attractive strategy for the treatment of MAFLD. Furthermore, the mitochondrial regulation of natural products can provide new insight into the underlying mechanisms of action of natural products used for future MAFLD therapeutics.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming one of the world's most common chronic liver diseases in childhood, yet no therapy is available that has been approved by the food and drug administration (FDA). Previous studies have reported that telomere and telomerase are involved the development and progression of NAFLD. This study was designed to investigate the potential beneficial effects of activated carbon N-acetylcysteine (ACNAC) microcapsules on the development of NAFLD in young rats as well as the underlying mechanism(s) involved. Three-week old male Sprague Dawley rats were given high-fat diet (HFD) with/without ACNAC treatment for 7 consecutive weeks. Liver pathologies were determined by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Oil Red O staining, as well as by changes in biochemical parameters of plasma alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels, respectively. Glucose homeostasis was evaluated by the glucose tolerance test and the liver telomere length and activity were measured by real time PCR and telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP). Western blot analysis was performed to determine the expression level of Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3. Our results demonstrated that ACNAC supplementation improved liver pathologies of rats that received long-term HFD feeding. ACNAC supplementation prevented HFD-induced telomere shortening and improved telomerase activity. Moreover, in comparison to HFD-fed rats, ACNAC supplementation markedly increased the expression of Bcl-2, but significantly decreased the expression of Bax and Caspase-3 in juvenile rats. Together, these results indicate that ACNAC may be a promising choice for preventing and treating NAFLD among children.

CD8 + T cells are considered to be critical in tumor surveillance and elimination. Increased CD8 + T cell frequency and function is associated with better prognosis in cancer patients. Interleukin 10 is a cytokine with controversial roles in CD8 + T cell–mediated anti-tumor immunity. We therefore examined the interleukin 10 expression and consumption in CD8 + T cells harvested from the peripheral blood and resected tumors of gastric cancer patients of stages II–IV. We found that the gastric cancer patients presented significantly elevated frequencies of interleukin 10–expressing cells in both CD4 + and CD8 + T cells compared to healthy controls. But distinctive from the interleukin 10–expressing CD4 + T cells, which increased in frequency in advanced cancer, the interleukin 10–expressing CD8 + T cells did not increase with cancer stage in the peripheral blood and actually decreased with cancer stage in resected tumor. Interleukin 10 and interleukin 10 receptor expression was also enriched in interferon gamma–expressing activated CD8 + T cells. Compared to interleukin 10–nonexpressing CD8 + T cells, interleukin 10 receptor–expressing CD8 + T cells secreted significantly elevated interferon gamma levels. Treatment of anti-CD3/CD28-stimulated, purified CD8 + T cells with interleukin 10 alone could significantly enhance CD8 + T cell survival, an effect dependent on interleukin 10 receptor expression. Interleukin 10 also increased CD8 + T cell proliferation synergistically with interferon gamma but not alone. Analysis of downstream signal transducer and activator of transcription molecules showed that interleukin 10 treatment significantly increased the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 to lesser extent. Together, these results demonstrate that interleukin 10 possessed stimulatory roles in activated CD8 + T cells from gastric cancer patients.

ObjectiveTo investigate personal total, indoor, outdoor exposure to particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) and health risks associated with the exposure among community-dwelling elderly in Fuzhou city. MethodsA total of 247 residents (≥ 60 years of age, living at the current residence for at least 3 years, without serious respiratory/circulatory disease and without disability) were recruited from a community in Fuzhou city, Fujian province, using random sampling stratified by residential floor. Three-day continuous sampling of PM2.5 was performed by using a personal particulate sampler, a constant-temperature, constant-flow particulate sampler in the living room, and an automatic outdoor particulate sampler within 2 km of the participants' homes during the winter season for 140 participants and during the summer season for 107 participants in 2021. All participants were interviewed with a questionnaire on demographics, living conditions, health status, lifestyle behaviors, and activities during the PM2.5 sampling period. PM2.5 concentration was measured with the weighing method; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and metal elemental components in collected PM2.5 were determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The health risk associated with PAHs and metals in PM2.5 was assessed by using the health risk assessment model recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. ResultsThe mean daily exposure concentrations of PM2.5 for the participants were 61.83 µg/m3 for personal exposure, 41.37 µg/m3 for indoor exposure, and 32.00 µg/m3 for outdoor exposure, with descending order of personal, indoor, and outdoor exposure concentrations. The total personal PM2.5 exposure concentration was higher in summer than in winter (71.78 µg/m3 vs. 50.72 µg/m3), while the personal indoor and outdoor PM2.5 exposure concentrations were lower in summer than in winter (indoor: 38.43 µg/m3 vs. 49.76 µg/m3, outdoor: 32.00 µg/m3 vs. 34.53 µg/m3). When personal indoor and outdoor PM2.5 concentrations were low (indoor < 57.95 µg/m3, outdoor < 49.38 µg/m3), the total personal exposure concentrations were significantly higher than the personal indoor and outdoor exposure concentrations; when personal indoor and outdoor PM2.5 concentrations were high, the total personal exposure concentration was close to the personal indoor and outdoor exposure concentrations. The health risks of exposure to PAHs and metal constituents in PM2.5 were higher for total personal exposure than for personal indoor and outdoor exposure, and higher in winter than in summer. Exposure to PAHs in PM2.5 posed a potential carcinogenic risk to the participants, with excess lifetime cancer risks (ELCRs) of 12.74 × 10 – 6 and 1.673 × 10 – 6 for winter and summer exposure, respectively. Exposure to manganese, arsenic, and cadmium in PM2.5 posed non-carcinogenic risks to the participants, all with health quotients greater than 1. Exposure to arsenic, nickel, cadmium, and lead in PM2.5 posed potential carcinogenic risks to the participants, with ELCRs of 128.272 × 10 – 6 and 226.214 × 10 – 6 for summer and winter arsenic exposure, respectively. ConclusionsWhen indoor and outdoor PM2.5 concentrations are low, taking indoor and outdoor concentrations as a surrogate for total personal exposure concentrations will underestimate actual personal exposure; when indoor and outdoor PM2.5 concentrations are high, using indoor and outdoor concentrations may approximate total personal exposure. Health risk assessment based on accurate personal exposure to PM2.5 and its constituents can reduce the bias in population health effects caused by inaccurate exposure assessment.

Abstract Background Workplace may not only increase the risk of heat-related illnesses and injuries but also compromise work efficiency, particularly in a warming climate. This study aimed to utilize machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) algorithms to quantify the impact of temperature discomfort on productivity loss among petrochemical workers and to identify key influencing factors. Methods A cross-sectional face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted among petrochemical workers between May and September 2023 in Fujian Province, China. Initial feature selection was performed using Lasso regression. The dataset was divided into training (70%), validation (20%), and testing (10%) sets. Six predictive models were evaluated: support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), Gaussian Naive Bayes (GNB), multilayer perceptron (MLP), and logistic regression (LR). The most effective model was further analyzed with SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). Results Among the 2393 workers surveyed, 58.4% (1,747) reported productivity loss when working in high temperatures. Lasso regression identified twenty-seven predictive factors such as educational level and smoking. All six models displayed strong prediction accuracy (SVM = 0.775, RF = 0.760, XGBoost = 0.727, GNB = 0.863, MLP = 0.738, LR = 0.680). GNB model showed the best performance, with a cutoff of 0.869, accuracy of 0.863, precision of 0.897, sensitivity of 0.918, specificity of 0.715, and an F1-score of 0.642, indicating its efficacy as a predictive tool. SHAP analysis showed that occupational health training (SHAP value: -3.56), protective measures (-2.61), and less physically demanding jobs (-1.75) were negatively associated with heat-attributed productivity loss, whereas lack of air conditioning (1.92), noise (2.64), vibration (1.15), and dust (0.95) increased the risk of heat-induced productivity loss. Conclusions Temperature discomfort significantly undermined labor productivity in the petrochemical sector, and this impact may worsen in a warming climate if adaptation and prevention measures are insufficient. To effectively reduce heat-related productivity loss, there is a need to strengthen occupational health training and implement strict controls for occupational hazards, minimizing the potential combined effects of heat with other exposures.

Abstract Background Global warming is raising increasing concerns about its impact on worker productivity, particularly in industries like construction where outdoor physically demanding jobs are prevalent. This study aimed to perform a meta-analysis to assess the existing evidence on the impact of heat exposure on productivity loss among construction workers. Methods We conducted a comprehensive literature search across six databases—Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and IEEE—covering the period from database inception to September 18, 2024. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist was used for quality assessment. A random-effect model meta-analysis was performed, and publication bias was evaluated by Egger’s and Begg’s tests. Results From an initial pool of 1209 studies, 14 met the inclusion criteria, representing data from 2387 workers. Our findings indicate that 60% (95% CI: 0.48–0.72, p

Abstract Background Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are heterogeneous and clonal hematological disorders. The role and mechanism of necroptosis in MDS remain poorly understood. Methods mRNA expression profiles and single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data were sourced from the GEO database. ScRNA-seq data were processed using the “Seurat” package. After cell annotation, necroptosis-related scores (NRscores) for each cell were calculated using the “UCell” package. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and their associated biological functions in NRscore-related cell populations were identified. Additionally, DEGs and necroptosis-related genes (DE-NRGs) between MDS patients and healthy controls were identified. Consensus clustering was employed to classify MDS patients into distinct subclusters based on DE-NRGs. The biological functions and immune characteristics of these classifications were analyzed. Prognostic gene signatures were determined using LASSO and SVM-RFE analyses, and a nomogram was constructed based on the prognostic gene signature. Results A total of 12 cell types were identified in MDS and healthy controls. NRscore was found to be elevated in monocytes and common lymphoid precursors (CLPs). Enrichment analysis revealed that monocytes and CLPs with high NRscore were associated with mitochondria-related and immune-related pathways. Eleven DEGs in monocytes and CLPs between MDS patients and healthy controls were identified. Additionally, 13 DE-NRGs were identified from 951 DEGs between MDS and healthy controls. MDS patients were classified into two distinct subclusters based on these 13 DE-NRGs, revealing several immune-related processes and signaling pathways. Differences in immune subpopulations between the two subclusters were observed. A necroptosis-related diagnostic gene signature (IRF9, PLA2G4A, MLKL, BAX, JAK2, and STAT3) was identified as predictive of MDS prevalence. Conclusion Necroptosis plays a role in MDS progression by inducing inflammation. A novel necroptotic gene signature has been developed to distinguish and diagnose MDS at early stages of the disease.

Abstract Background Data on long-term cancer survivors treated with apatinib are lacking. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of long-term cancer survivors after apatinib-based therapy, and to know about their satisfaction degree with apatinib and severity of depression and insomnia. Methods Patients with solid tumors who had received apatinib-based therapy for at least 5 years were invited to complete an online questionnaire. Characteristics of patients and treatment, knowledge of apatinib, satisfaction degree, and severity of depression and insomnia assessed by Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Insomnia Severity Index were collected. Results Between December 8, 2023 and March 1, 2024, a total of 436 patients completed the online questionnaire. Most patients were satisfied with the efficacy (96.6%) and safety (93.1%) of apatinib, were willing to continue apatinib treatment (99.5%), and would recommend apatinib to other patients (93.3%). Continuous apatinib treatment resulted in significant negative impact on daily life, work, or study in only two (0.5%) patients. Almost all patients currently had no or mild depression (97.0%) and insomnia (97.9%) problems. The most common patient-reported adverse events were hand-foot syndrome (21.3%) and hypertension (18.3%). Conclusions Our survey showed a high satisfaction degree with apatinib in long-term cancer survivors. Long-term apatinib treatment resulted in almost no negative impact on patient’s quality of life.

ObjectiveAutoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy (GFAP-A) is a novel steroid sensitive autoimmune disease, without a diagnostic consensus. The purpose of this study was to improve early GFAP-A diagnosis by increasing awareness of key clinical characteristics and imaging manifestations.MethodsMedical records of 13 patients with anti-GFAP antibodies in serum or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were reviewed for cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis of clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings.ResultsThe predominant GFAP-A clinical manifestations are limb weakness/numbness and fever. GFAP-A has a propensity in the early stage for meningeal and leptomeningeal lesions on the brainstem surface, with a typical pattern of periventricular linear radial and leptomeningeal enhancement. The clinical manifestations and leptomeningeal enhancement were rapidly alleviated after treatment with high doses of corticosteroids or/and intravenous immunoglobulin, although, there are patients who may present with increased brain parenchymal lesions. On 3T MRI, the spinal cord demonstrated extensive longitudinal T2-weighted hyper-intensity, central distribution, and gray matter involvement. Optic nerve involvement in some patients was also noted with optic nerve swelling and abnormal enhancement. In addition to the classic reversible splenium of corpus callosum syndrome (type I), this study found the much rarer type II with diffusion restriction on DWI (Diffusion Weighted Imaging) in the corpus callosum. Positive anti-GFAP antibodies in serum or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are important for GFAP-A diagnosis with overlapping antibodies commonly noted. This study found anti-GM3 antibodies, a rare finding also previously reported.ConclusionThis study correlates GFAP-A clinical and imaging features, noting a “delay” phenomenon between clinical manifestations, treatment response, and radiographic MRI findings. MRI T2-FLAIR brainstem hyperintensity and T2-FLAIR gadolinium enhanced images, and subtraction techniques were valuable for early lesion detection and accurate diagnosis.

Background The impact of heat waves and atmospheric oxidising pollutants on residential mortality within the framework of global climate change has become increasingly important. Objective In this research, the interactive effects of heat waves and oxidising pollutants on the risk of residential mortality in Fuzhou were examined. Methods We collected environmental, meteorological, and residential mortality data in Fuzhou from 1 January 2016, to 31 December 2021. We then applied a generalised additive model, distributed lagged nonlinear model, and bivariate three-dimensional model to investigate the effects and interactions of various atmospheric oxidising pollutants and heat waves on the risk of residential mortality. Results Atmospheric oxidising pollutants increased the risk of residential mortality at lower concentrations, and O3 and Ox were positively associated with a maximum risk of 2.19% (95% CI: 0.74–3.66) and 1.29% (95% CI: 0.51–2.08). The risk of residential mortality increased with increasing temperature, with a strong and long-lasting effect and a maximum cumulative lagged effect of 1.11% (95% CI: 1.01, 1.23). Furthermore, an interaction between atmospheric oxidising pollutants and heat waves may have occurred: the larger effects in the longest cumulative lag time on residential mortality per 10 µg/m3 increase in O3, NO2 and Ox during heat waves compared to non-heat waves were [−3.81% (95% CI: −14.82, 8.63)]; [−0.45% (95% CI: −2.67, 1.81)]; [67.90% (95% CI: 11.55, 152.71)]; 16.37% (95% CI: 2.43, 32.20)]; [−3.00% (95% CI: −20.80, 18.79)]; [−0.30% (95% CI: −3.53, 3.04)]. The risk on heat wave days was significantly higher than that on non-heat wave days and higher than the separate effects of oxidising pollutants and heat waves. Conclusions Overall, we found some evidence suggesting that heat waves increase the impact of oxidising atmospheric pollutants on residential mortality to some extent.

Abstract PANoptosis is a specific type of inflammatory programmed cell death (PCD) modality that can be involved in three key modes of cellular programmed cell death-pyroptosis, apoptosis and necroptosis. We analyzed PANoptosis activity in three common renal cell carcinoma subtypes (Clear cell renal cell carcinoma, Papillary renal cell carcinoma, and Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma) separately and constructed a new PANoptosis immunity index (PANII). In three renal cell carcinomas, we found that PANII was an effective predictor of immunotherapy efficacy in KIRC, KIRP and KICH, and the high PANII group was characterized by high immune infiltration and sensitivity to immunotherapy, while the low PANII group was prone to immune escape and immunotherapy resistance. We performed molecular docking prediction of each core protein comprising PANII and identified natural small molecule compounds with the highest affinity to target proteins. In addition, we found that down-regulation of PYCARD inhibited the proliferation and migration of renal clear cell carcinoma cells by in vitro functional assays, suggesting that PYCARD could be a novel target for renal clear cell carcinoma therapy. Our findings that the PANoptosis characterization-based index (PANII) helps to elucidate the tumor microenvironmental features of three common renal cell carcinoma subtypes and identify patient populations that will benefit from immunotherapy, providing a new tool for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of patients with intermediate- and advanced-stage renal cell carcinoma.

IntroductionGastric cancer, characterized by high incidence and substantial disease burden, has drawn continuous attention regarding its occurrence and prognosis. Genetics plays a crucial role in influencing the prognosis of gastric cancer, and single nucleotide polymorphisms are closely associated with the occurrence, development, and prognosis of this malignant tumor. Our study aims to conduct survival analysis on patients carrying different single nucleotide polymorphisms, exploring the relationship between miRNA single nucleotide polymorphisms and the prognosis of gastric cancer.MethodsGenetic data from 344 patients in Xianyou, Fujian, formed the basis of our study. We delineated the survival rate and median survival time, utilizing the log-rank test and COX regression analysis as statistical tools.ResultsUpon stratifying the data by sex or operation, it was discerned that the GG genotype at MSH2 rs17502941 independently posed a heightened risk for gastric cancer. Other stratification analyses suggested that the subsequent single nucleotide polymorphisms were correlated with patient prognosis: rs17502941, rs884225, rs1468063, rs7143252, and rs2271738.DiscussionThe outcomes of this study strongly suggest that miRNA polymorphisms significantly influence the survival time of gastric cancer patients and can serve as effective predictors for the prognosis of gastric cancer.

Abstract The meta-analysis aimed to assess the clinical efficacy of chemotherapeutic triplet‐drug regimen combined with anti‐EGFR antibody in patients with initially unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed Publisher. Studies evaluating FOLFOXIRI combine with panitumumab or cetuximab as the therapy for initially unresectable mCRC were included. The primary outcome was objective response rate (ORR) and rate of R0 resections. The secondary outcomes included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and grades 3 or 4 adverse events. R software (version 4.0.2) and RevMan (version 5.3) were used to analyze the extracted data. The studies included were published between 2010 and 2021, involving four single-arm phase II trials and two randomized phase II trials. A total of 6 studies with 282 patients were included. The data showed a significant benefit for the FOLFOXIRI + anti-EGFR antibody arm compared with FOLFOXIRI arm (RR 1.33; 95% CI, 1.13–1.58; I 2 = 0%, P

Water availability is an important issue all over the world, and membrane filtration technology is one of the most effective measures for remediation. As a sustainable and renewable biomass material, natural wood has a hierarchical and three-dimensional interconnected microstructure, which provides an alternative for water filter design. Longitudinal filtration could take advantage of the micropores, while the treatment speed is severely limited. This study examined a wood filter in which muddy wastewater can be transported into the microchannels and out of the vertically stacked micropores. The filter takes full advantage of the pores present in the wood without sacrificing the speed of hydraulic flow within the main transport channels, exhibiting excellent performance for mud removal. In this manner, water flux, decolorization, and turbidity are highly dependent on the groove number, groove depth, and thickness of the filter. Due to the reorientation of the water transport pathways, the clogging of micropores could be easily alleviated, thus promoting the filter lifecycle. The design of the cross-flow wood filter can provide an available platform for various wastewater treatment cases with different impurities, displaying an application prospect in the wastewater treatment field.

BackgroundPoyang Lake is the largest freshwater lake in China, and there are several studies on the composition and diversity of bacteria in Poyang Lake, while few quantitative studies were carried out on the response of the bacterial community to environmental factors during the extreme flood season in Poyang Lake.MethodsThe connected-lake heterogeneity of bacterial community composition (BCC) was investigated in Poyang Lake during the flood season in 2020. Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology was used in this study.ResultsThe bacterial community structure in the water was different from that in the sediment of Poyang Lake during extreme flood seasons. The bacterial diversity in water was much lower than that in sediment. In the water column, the dominant phyla were Actinobacteriota, while the composition of bacteria in sediment was more complex than that in water, and the dominant phyla in sediment were Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteriota, and Actinobacteriota. The bacterial diversity in the water of Poyang Lake showed seasonal dynamics, while no seasonal variation of bacterial communities in sediment was observed. The bacterial community structure in the sediment from the two bays and channel areas of Poyang Lake can be distinguished from each other. The microbial diversity in sediment gradually increased from the Sancha Bay to the Zhouxi Bay and then to the channel, but the total nitrogen (TN) concentration in sediment (STN) and the total phosphorus (TP) concentration in sediment (STP) showed opposite trends. This might be due to the anthropogenic disturbances from the extreme flood. The bacterial community structure in, water column was significantly correlated with WT, NH4-N, STP, SOM, Chl a, DO, TP, and Eh, while the bacterial community structure in sediment was significantly correlated with SOM and STP.ConclusionThe bacterial community structure in water was greatly different from that in sediment in Poyang Lake during extreme flood seasons. The bacterial community structure in the water column was not only sensitive to the geochemical characteristics of the water but also affected by some nutrient concentrations in the sediment. During the wet seasons, bacterial diversity was only affected by SOM and STP.

Background: Predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis (AP) early poses a challenge in clinical practice. While there are well-established clinical scoring tools, their actual predictive performance remains uncertain. Various studies have explored the application of machine-learning methods for early AP prediction. However, a more comprehensive evidence-based assessment is needed to determine their predictive accuracy. Hence, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the predictive accuracy of machine learning in assessing the severity of AP. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were systematically searched until December 5, 2023. The risk of bias in eligible studies was assessed using the Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST). Subgroup analyses, based on different machine learning types, were performed. Additionally, the predictive accuracy of mainstream scoring tools was summarized. Results: This systematic review ultimately included 33 original studies. The pooled c-index in both the training and validation sets was 0.87 (95 % CI: 0.84–0.89) and 0.88 (95 % CI: 0.86–0.90), respectively. The sensitivity in the training set was 0.81 (95 % CI: 0.77–0.84), and in the validation set, it was 0.79 (95 % CI: 0.71–0.85). The specificity in the training set was 0.84 (95 % CI: 0.78–0.89), and in the validation set, it was 0.90 (95 % CI: 0.86–0.93). The primary model incorporated was logistic regression; however, its predictive accuracy was found to be inferior to that of neural networks, random forests, and xgboost. The pooled c-index of the APACHE II, BISAP, and Ranson were 0.74 (95 % CI: 0.68–0.80), 0.77 (95 % CI: 0.70–0.85), and 0.74 (95 % CI: 0.68–0.79), respectively. Conclusions: Machine learning demonstrates excellent accuracy in predicting the severity of AP, providing a reference for updating or developing a straightforward clinical prediction tool.

Background: This study aimed to examine the epidemiological characteristics of imported infections and assess the effectiveness of border health screening in detecting imported diseases. Methods: We obtained infection data for 2016 to 2019 from the Fuzhou Changle International Airport Infection Reporting System. The demographic, temporal, and spatial characteristics of travel-related infections were analyzed using r×c contingency tables, the Cochran–Armitage trend test, and seasonal-trend decomposition using LOESS (STL). Detection rates were used as a proxy for the effectiveness of border health-screening measures. Results: Overall, 559 travel-related infections were identified during the study period, with 94.3% being imported infections. Airport health screening demonstrated an overall effectiveness of 23.7% in identifying travel-associated infections. Imported infections were predominantly identified in males, with 55.8% of cases occurring in individuals aged 20–49. The peak periods of infection importation were from January to February and from May to August. The infectious diseases identified were imported from 25 different countries and regions. All dengue fever cases were imported from Southeast Asia. Most notifiable infections (76.0%) were identified through fever screening at the airport. Conclusion: The increasing number of imported infections poses a growing challenge for public health systems. Multifaceted efforts including surveillance, vaccination, international collaboration, and public awareness are required to mitigate the importation and spread of infectious diseases from overseas sources.

BackgroundIt has become an alarming issue that older adults in China are facing mental health issues, causing severe depression. In this context, intergenerational care, in which grandparents care for young children instead of the young parents, is gaining importance. This study aims to explore the correlation between intergenerational care and depression among older adults, seeking alternative approaches to enhancing their quality of life. This study concludes that intergenerational care is an effective strategy for promoting active aging.MethodsThis study used multiple linear regression, propensity score matching, and additional analysis of heterogeneity, mediation, and moderation effects, with data from the 2018 CHARLS survey.ResultsThe results indicated a negative correlation between intergenerational care and depression among older adults. The correlation was stronger for females and younger older adults people. Additionally, social activities served as a mediator between intergenerational care and depression among older adults, and health satisfaction positively moderated this relationship.ConclusionThis study posits that intergenerational care serves as an effective approach for promoting active aging. It emphasizes the necessity for supportive government policies and community-family collaborations to encourage intergenerational care and its beneficial impact on mental health among older adults.

Drug resistance is one of the major causes of cancer treatment failures. In recent years, to combat the issue of drug resistance, a large volume of strategies has been established along the development of biomedical nanomaterials. Compared with traditional nanocarrier-based drug delivery strategies, in situ supramolecular self-assembly has emerged as a promising strategy to overcome drug resistance. This review first introduced the concept of in situ supramolecular self-assembly. The second part illustrated the mechanisms of constructing in situ supramolecular self-assembly as a multi-step process. The third part elucidated the role of in situ supramolecular self-assembly to reverse drug resistance, which included three categories: active self-assembly materials, drug-carrier self-assembly materials and drug-coupled self-assembly materials. At last, we summarized the current development of in situ supramolecular self-assembly for the reversal of drug resistance and the remaining concerns to be addressed.