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In this work, a series of CoCrFeNiCeX (x = 0.1, 0.3, 0.5) high-entropy alloys (HEAs) were designed and prepared through vacuum induction melting. The microstructure, wear resistance and antibacterial behaviors of the HEAs were systematically investigated. The results showed that the HEAs are composed of FCC phase with dendrite structure and CeNi3 phase between dendrites. With the increase of Ce content, the mechanical property and antibacterial rate of the alloys was improved gradually. Due to the combined effect of CeNi3 phase and fine grain strengthening, the CoCrFeNiCe0.5 HEA exhibited high hardness of approximately 382 HV0.2 and the wear rate of only 1.11 × 10−4 mm3/N·m under the loading force of 5 N. The CoCrFeNiCe0.5 HEA also showed excellent antibacterial ability, which presented a 97.4% antibacterial rate against Escherichia coli and 89.6% antibacterial rate against Staphylococcus aureus after 3 days. This work provided a new strategy for designing a high performance alloy with excellent antibacterial behaviors and good wear resistance, which makes it meet the needs of long-term antibacterial application in harsh environments.

BackgroundThe correlation between gut microbiota and interstitial cystitis has garnered significant attention in previous studies. Nevertheless, the causal relationship between them remains to be clarified.MethodsGenetic variation serves as a tool in Mendelian randomization analyses, facilitating the inference of causal relationships between exposure factors and disease outcomes. In this study, summary statistics derived from a comprehensive genome-wide association study conducted by the MiBioGen consortium were utilized as exposure factors, while interstitial cystitis data sourced from the GWAS Catalog served as the disease outcome. Then, a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was performed by applying inverse variance-weighted, MR-Egger, Weighted Median, Simple Mode, and Weighted Mode. In addition, heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy were excluded by sensitivity analysis.ResultsIVW results confirmed that genus Haemophilus (OR = 2.20, 95% CI: 1.16–4.15, p = 0.015), genus Butyricimonas (OR = 2.26, 95% CI: 1.15–4.45, p = 0.018), genus Bacteroides (OR = 4.27, 95% CI: 1.36–13.4, p = 0.013) and Coprococcus1 (OR = 3.39, 95% CI: 1.28–8.99, p = 0.014) had a risk effect on interstitial cystitis. Sensitivity analysis did not find outlier SNPs.ConclusionOur analysis has identified a causal relationship between specific genera and interstitial cystitis. However, further validation through randomized controlled trials is essential to substantiate these findings.

The microbiologically influenced corrosion of CoCrMnNi high entropy alloy induced by P. aeruginosa was investigated in this work. The results of electrochemical tests, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that the thickness of passive film was significantly decreased in the presence of P. aeruginosa and the corrosion of HEA was accelerated. When the organic nutrients were deficient, the extracellular electron transfer process was promoted and the corrosion resistance of the HEA was further decreased according to the results of potentiodynamic polarization and Mott-Schottky. The effect of nutrients deficiency on MIC acceleration was more prominent after the degradation of the passive film. Mn metal in the HEA substrate preferentially participated in the bacterial metabolism as an alternative energy source due to the high activity.

BackgroundEvidence shows that there is a high prevalence of mental health challenges including depression and anxiety, among Chinese university students. Providing mental health care providers with professional training is crucial to implementing effective mental health promotion initiatives in university settings. Globally, the focus of the mental health system is shifting to recovery and the importance of empowerment is increasingly being emphasized. There is a call to integrate empowerment education into professional training programs for health service providers with the goal of mobilizing them to become mental health champions capable of advancing mental health care.MethodThe ACE-LYNX (Acceptance and Commitment to Empowerment–Linking Youth and Xin i.e., “heart(s)” in Chinese) intervention took place at six universities in Jinan, Shandong Province, China. It aimed to promote mental health literacy and build capacity among mental health service providers (MHSPs) to enable them to become mental health champions at their universities and beyond. A total of 139 university MHSPs participated. We collected pre-, immediate post- and three-month-post-surveys. In addition, we recruited forty-five participants to take part in three-month- post-intervention focus group interviews to explore their experiences taking part in ACE-LYNX and applying the knowledge, skills, and insights they gained from the intervention.ResultThis paper reports on the effects of empowerment education, which is a key component of ACE-LYNX, on the MHSPs. Four themes were identified: 1) conscious awareness and behavioral change through psychological empowerment users; 2) professional insights and motivation for organizational empowerment; 3) non-self in the continuum of collective empowerment; and 4) interdisciplinary challenges and divergences in empowerment action.DiscussionWe found that it is critical to integrate empowerment education into professional training. The process of MHSPs developing their empowerment practice is characterized by their moving from individual to collective empowerment along a continuum, with organizational and collective empowerment taking place in a longer time frame. Experiential learning, empathy education, and critical reflection accelerated the continuous iterative transformative process of empowerment practices. To advance the integration of empowerment into mental health care, the engagement of organizational decision-makers and policy makers in empowerment training is critical to ensure alignment of empowerment values and competence at all levels of service provision.

To constrain the late Triassic tectonic evolution of the Songpan-Ganzi orogenic belt, we present new whole-rock and in situ apatite geochemistry for plutonic rocks in its eastern margin. The Taiyanghe pluton can be classified into two rock types: dioritic and granitic rocks. The former exhibits low SiO2 and MgO contents but high Al2O3, Th, LREE contents, and Th/Yb and Th/Nb ratios, as well as low Ba/La and Ba/Th ratios and enriched Sr-Nd isotopic compositions, which, together with apatite geochemistry and Nd isotopes, indicate that they were derived from low degrees of partial melting of lithospheric mantle metasomatized by sediment-derived melts. The latter is characterized by high Sr and low Y and Yb, with elevated Sr/Y and (La/Yb)N ratios, implying an adakitic affinity. Notably, their similar Sr-Nd isotopic compositions indicate an origin from partial melts of a newly underplated lower crust. The Maoergai granitic rocks, characterized by high Sr and low Y and Yb contents with high Sr/Y and (La/Yb)N ratios, are indicative of adakitic rocks. In combination with the enriched whole-rock Sr-Nd isotopes and the apatite Nd isotopic data, we suggest that they were generated by the partial melting of the ancient thickened mafic lower crust. The Markam and Yanggonghai felsic granitoid rocks are peraluminous and similar to typical S-type granitoids, indicating an origin from remelting of the Triassic metasedimentary rocks. Based on the temporal-spatial relationship of the late Triassic plutonic rocks in the orogenic belt, we suggest that these rocks were formed in association with the roll-back and subsequent break-off of a subducted slab of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean. During the subduction, the formation of the Maoergai adakitic rocks was triggered by slab roll-back, whereas the magmatic “flare up” (ca. 216–200 Ma) was likely caused by slab break-off. This indicates that the final closure of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean happened in the end of the Triassic or Early Jurassic.

In this paper, the images of tunnel surface are obtained by tunnel lining rapid inspection system, and tunnel crack forest dataset (TCFD) is established. The disaster characteristics of tunnel cracks are analyzed and summarized. Solutions of tunnel crack segmentation (TCS) method are developed for the detection and recognition of cracks on tunnel lining. According to the image features of the tunnel lining and the optical principal of detection equipment, effective image pre-processing steps are carried out before crack extraction. The tunnel image of TCFD is divided into appropriate number of blocks to magnify the local features of tunnel cracks. Local threshold segmentation method is used to traverse the blocks successively, and the first target block with crack is obtained. The seed in the target block were obtained by adaptive localization method and mapped to the whole image. Region growing is performed through crack seed until complete tunnel crack is extracted. The results show that the precision, recall rate and F-measure of tunnel cracks under the TCS method can reach 92.58%, 93.07% and 92.82% without strong interference. According to the binary images processed by TCS method, the projection images of different types of tunnel cracks and their respective laws are obtained. Furthermore, the TCS method is implemented and deployed as a GUI software application.

Achieving the effective joining between Al alloy and stainless steel with a large cross-section was meaningful in the significant industry field. For this, the Al/steel dissimilar bimetal materials were manufactured by a novelty hybrid technology, named thermo-compensated resistance brazing welding. The effect of the single Zn foil and the deposited Zn coatings with cold spray technology on the bonding interface, interfacial microstructure, and mechanical properties of the final Al/steel resultant joints were systematically investigated by the relevant analysis method. The results revealed that the obvious reaction layer with main components of Al(s.s) was formed at the Al/steel joints with the single Zn foil as the interlayer. Meanwhile, the introduction of the Zn interlayer improved the temperature field of the joint, which enhanced the lap-shear load of the weld. Besides, the Zn coating was deposited at the top surface of the 304ss substrate as the interlayer to increase joint performance further. The advantage of the pre-deposition formed a better metallurgical bond between the coating and 304ss. The subsequent lap-shear load of the weld was improved with the increase of the Zn coating thickness. The maximum lap-shear load of the final joints reached 2087.6N with a Zn coating thickness of 500 μm and the interfacial structure of the joint was changed: Al alloy, reaction layer I, Al(s.s) + Al2O3, and 304ss from top to bottom. The main composition was Al(s.s) at the reaction layer I between Al alloy and coating.

The 6061 aluminum alloy/304 stainless steel dissimilar materials with a certain area were successfully achieved by a novelty welding method, named thermo-compensated resistance brazing welding, in which, the high-resistivity graphite was inserted as the auxiliary electrode. The effect of the welding current and welding time on the temperature field of the graphite, mechanical properties, and the fracture surface of the final Al/steel weld was investigated. The results revealed that the temperature field was generated by Joule heat based on graphite, Al alloy, and stainless steel in the welding process. The generated Joule heat was gradually extended from one point to the entire interface in the whole welding process. The temperature field and tensile-shear load of the joint were also improved with the increase of the welding parameters. The degree of diffusion surface was illustrated at the fracture, indicating the “brazing” feature. There were three diffusion regions A, B, and C on the fracture surface with the steel side of the optimal parameters. The mechanical properties of the weld mainly depended on regions B and C. The effective connection was formed at a local area of the entire interface between Al alloy and 304ss at this parameter. Al(s.s) and Fe2Al5 IMC were generated at the interface. The typical inclined interfacial failure was formed after the tensile-shear test due to the heat generation mechanism. The Al(s.s), Fe(s.s), and Fe2Al5 IMC were presented on the fracture surface, which was consistent with the above contents.

Introduction Symptom monitoring and alerting based on patient-reported outcomes have proven valuable in a postoperative setting. However, the parameters of the implemented patient-centred symptom management system for patients with prostate cancer (PC) remain unclear. This study aims to develop a perioperative symptom scale (PSS) to monitor symptoms, determine the appropriate timing for symptom assessment and establish intervention criteria for physicians.Methods and analysis We will prospectively recruit 387 patients undergoing PC surgery in 3 hospitals. The Chinese version of the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI) will be used for longitudinal symptom data collection, presurgery and 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42 and 90 days post surgery. A PSS will be generated when symptoms change significantly over time. A linear mixed model will be used to determine appropriate follow-up time points. The functional status determined by MDASI interference can then be used to establish alarm thresholds.Ethics and dissemination This study was approved by the Lishui Municipal Central Hospital Ethics Committee on 13 April 2022 (No. LSMCHEC-2022-54) and the Ethics Committee of Huzhou Central Hospital on 5 July 2023 (No. HZCHEC-202306017-01), the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou Normal College on 20 June 2023 (No. HZYYEC-2023KYLL055). The latest protocol used in this study was V.2.0, dated on 25 February 2023. Before publication in a peer-reviewed journal, our findings will be presented and discussed at relevant medical conferences.Trial registration number ChiCTR2200059110.

The microbiologically influenced corrosion of 201 stainless steel by Shewanella algae was investigated via modulating the concentration of fumarate (electron acceptor) in the medium and constructing mutant strains induced by ΔOmcA. The ICP-MS and electrochemical tests showed that the presence of S. algae enhanced the degradation of the passive film; the lack of an electron acceptor further aggravated the effect and mainly affected the early stage of MIC. The electrochemical tests and atomic force microscopy characterization revealed that the ability of ΔOmcA to transfer electrons to the passive film was significantly reduced in the absence of the c-type cytochrome OmcA related to EET progress, leading to the lower corrosion rate of the steel.

A novel plasma-pulsed GMAW hybrid welding (plasma-GMAW-P) process is proposed for joining 6061 aluminum and zinc-coated steel. The results show that the change in welding heat input has little effect on the microstructure of the joint and the composition of the intermetallic compounds (IMCs) but only changes the thickness of the reaction layer (increased from 5 μm to 12 μm). when the plasma arc current is 20 A and the MIG current is 80 A, the welded joint obtained has the highest tensile-shear force. With the optimal process parameters, the weld strength obtained by filling ER4043 welding wire is the highest, accounting for 65% of the tensile-shear force of the base material. The effect of the plasma arc acting on the joint properties is studied through the microstructure and a tensile-shearing test. The action position of the plasma arc plays a significant role in the Al/steel interface, which directly influences the strength of the welded joints. Regardless of the plasma-GMAW-P style used to obtain the joints, Fe-Al IMCs appear at the interface. When the plasma arc is in front of the welding direction and the GMAW-P arc is in the rear, the tensile-shear force reaches the maximum of 3322 N.

This paper explores the typological attributes, practical characteristics, and policy connotations of Christian social service organizations in present China. This is achieved from the perspectives of religion, public administration, social work, and history. Data collection and analysis are based on the literature research and field research methods. The main points are as follows: (1) Christian social service organizations are simultaneously faith-based organizations, legal-person organizations, and professional organizations. These different types of characteristics put forward different requirements for their service functions and performance standards. It is necessary to understand their corresponding boundaries in theory and coordinate or optimize their corresponding functions in the system; (2) Christian social service organizations present the characteristics of pluralism and transition in the practice process, as well as form complex symbiosis and embedded relationships with non-religious professional service systems. Further, they have begun to reach a consensus on industry codes of practice, service concepts, and clinical models, especially in regard to the culturally sensitive service centered on the clients; and (3) the triple-type attributes of Christian social service organizations require government departments and professional circles to direct more attention to the “matrix” of policy tools—in other words, formulate more discerning and diverse policy measures in line with policy objectives, as well as strengthen the legalization of the policy implementation mechanism and the level of collaborative governance of religious social service organizations.

DNA polymerase delta 1 catalytic subunit (POLD1) plays a vital role in genomic copy with high fidelity and DNA damage repair processes. However, the prognostic value of POLD1 and its relationship with tumor immunity in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remains to be further explored. Transcriptional data sets and clinical information were obtained from the TCGA, ICGC, and GEO databases. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were derived from the comparison between the low and high POLD1 expression groups in the TCGA–KIRC cohort. KEGG and gene ontology (GO) analyses were performed for those DEGs to explore the potential influence of POLD1 on the biological behaviors of ccRCC. The prognostic clinical value and mutational characteristics of patients were described and analyzed according to the POLD1 expression levels. TIMER and TISIDB databases were utilized to comprehensively investigate the potential relevance between the POLD1 levels and the status of the immune cells, as well as the tumor infiltration of immune cells. In addition, RT-qPCR, Western blot, immunohistochemistry and several functional and animal experiments were performed for clinical, in vitro and in vivo validation. POLD1 was highly expressed in a variety of tumors including ccRCC, and further verified in a validation cohort of 60 ccRCC samples and in vitro cell line experiments. POLD1 expression levels in the ccRCC samples were associated with various clinical characteristics including pathologic tumor stage and histologic grade. ccRCC patients with high POLD1 expression have poor clinical outcomes and exhibit a higher rate of somatic mutations than those with low POLD1 expression. Cox regression analysis also showed that POLD1 could act as a potential independent prognostic biomarker. The DEGs associated with POLD1 were significantly enriched in the immunity-related pathways. Moreover, further immune infiltration analysis indicated that high POLD1 expression was associated with high NK CD56bright cells, Treg cells, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells’ (MDSCs) infiltration scores, as well as their marker gene sets of immune cell status. Meanwhile, POLD1 exhibited resistance to various drugs when highly expressed. Finally, the knockdown of POLD1 inhibited the proliferation and migration, and promoted the apoptosis of ccRCC cells in vitro and in vivo, as well as influenced the activation of oncogenic signaling. Our current study demonstrated that POLD1 is a potential prognostic biomarker for ccRCC patients. It might create a tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment and inhibit the susceptibility to ferroptosis leading to a poor prognosis.

Tourist subjectivities have an important effect on behavioral intentions. Under the background of normalization, tourism decision-making manifests primarily in tourists’ individual preferences, which has led much research to ignore the importance of other subjective factors, as well as objective environmental factors. In the COVID-19 era, tourism behavior’s social attributes have become more prominent; the effect of important others or organizations’ attitudes toward tourism behavior, as well as personal knowledge, ability, and experience in preventing and controlling tourism risks, are evident. This study integrates knowledge-attitude-behavior (KAB), Theory of Perceived Risk (TPR), Social Identity Theory (SIT), and Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), along with a comprehensive framework method, to construct an integrated model exploring the impact of knowledge, identity, and perceived risk on travel intention, to analyze its pathways and effects, to resolve the issue of mechanism, to analyze the moderating effect of past travel experience, and to answer the problem of boundary conditions. It finds that knowledge, perceived risk, and identity have a significant positive impact on travel intention; travel attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived control mediate the influence of knowledge, perceived risk, and identity on travel intention; these mechanism pathways do not always exist. The positive adjustment of past travel experiences shows that repeat visitors have a greater impact than newcomers and potential tourists.

Keyholes are very important to the Plasma-MIG hybrid welding process, weld formation, and quality. With the purpose of studying the effect of the main welding parameters (plasma current, MIG current, magnetic field intensity, and welding velocity) on keyhole depth and the interaction among parameter factors, the experiment was designed by the response surface method. In addition, the prediction model with keyhole depth as the response value was obtained. The model shows the important degree of influence of each factor on keyhole depth. It shows that there is an obvious interaction between plasma current and MIG current, while there is no obvious correlation between other parameters. The temperature field of the Plasma-MIG welding process under certain parameters was obtained by using Fluent software for numerical simulation, and the evolution behavior of the keyhole was analyzed. Based on the simulation results, the metal flow mode and the movement mechanism of the keyhole are described.

China’s religious social services complement the statutory welfare. Clarifying the situations and characteristics of different types of religious social services is conducive to promoting their better integration into public welfare. With the help of existing policy texts, research documents, and website data, this paper employs the thematic framework analysis method to analyze texts and documents and uses NVivo12 and SPSS26 to analyze website data. We explore the similarities and differences between contemporary Chinese Protestant social services and Buddhist social services from the perspectives of the service program, service organizations, and service resources, starting from multiple dimensions such as vertical and horizontal, similarity and difference. The main findings include the following: (a) In terms of service programs, Protestant social services are more inclusive than Buddhist social services and more public in terms of participant selection, religious environment, and the use of spiritual methods. Protestant social services are more open in terms of service value and public expression, while Buddhist social services are more localized and are politically consistent with the government. (b) In terms of service organizations, Protestant social services and Buddhist social services are based on three main types of legal persons. Protestant social services were the first to register organizational legal persons. Protestant social organizations differentiated into special service institutions and have core organizations with strong mobilization capabilities (CCC/TSPM). There is little difference between Protestant and Buddhist social services in private non-enterprise units and foundations (transparency index, business scope). (c) In terms of service resources, both Protestant and Buddhist social services rely on donations. The sources of funds for Protestant social services are more international, diversified, and market-oriented. In terms of government resource acquisition, Protestant social services actively “adapt”, while Buddhist social services passively “rely”.

In the magnetically controlled Plasma-GMAW welding process, the composite arc forms a keyhole in the workpiece to be welded. In order to explore the effect of process parameters on arc coupling, weld pool and keyhole, and the behavior characteristics of keyhole, the arc behavior and side weld pool information were collected using a welding arc acquisition system and a high-speed camera during bead-on-plate welding. The arc image is processed by pseudo-color enhancement technology, and the collected molten pool information is analyzed by boundary extraction algorithm and coordinate conversion algorithm, and the molten pool boundary and keyhole entrance width are obtained. It is found that the coupling degree of the two arcs increases with the increase in plasma current, GMAW current and magnetic field intensity. With the increase in plasma current, the size of keyhole inlet increases; with the increase of GMAW current, the size of keyhole inlet decreases, and the wave crest increases. With the increase of magnetic field intensity, the intensity of metal oscillation between the two arcs increases, and so does the wave crest.

This note gives a supplement to the recent work of Wang and Wang (2019) in the sense that: (ⅰ) for the critical case where $\Re_{0} = 1$, cholera-free steady state is globally asymptotically stable; (ⅱ) in a homogeneous case, the positive constant steady-state is globally asymptotically stable with additional condition when $\Re_{0}>1$. Our first result is achieved by proving the local asymptotic stability and global attractivity. Our second result is obtained by Lyapunov function.

Perceived risk clearly impacts travel behavior, including destination selection and satisfaction, but it is unclear how or why its effect is only significant in certain cases. This is because existing studies have undervalued the mediating factors of risk aversion, government initiatives, and media influence as well as the multiple forms or dimensions of risk that can mask its direct effect. This study constructs a structural equation model of perceived risk's impact on destination image and travel intention for a more nuanced model of the perceived risk mechanism in tourism, based on 413 e-questionnaires regarding travel to Chengdu, China during the COVID-19 pandemic, using the Bootstrap method to analyze suppressing effect. It finds that while perceived risk has a significant negative impact on destination image and travel intention, this is complexly mediated so as to appear insignificant. Furthermore, different mediating factors and dimensions of perceived risk operate differently according to their varied combinations in actual circumstances. This study is significant because it provides a theoretical interpretation of tourism risk, elucidates the mechanisms or paths by which perceived risk affects travel intention, and expands a framework for research on destination image and travel intention into the realms of psychology, political, and communication science. It additionally encourages people to pay greater attention to the negative impact of crises and focuses on the important role of internal and external responses in crisis management, which can help improve the effectiveness of crisis management and promote the sustainable development of the tourism industry.

ABSTRACTThe mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 virus genome during COVID-19 dissemination are unclear. In 788 COVID-19 patients from Zhejiang province, we observed decreased rate of severe/critical cases compared with patients in Wuhan. For mechanisms exploration, we isolated one strain of SARS-CoV-2 (ZJ01) from a mild COVID-19 patient. Thirty-five specific gene mutations were identified. Phylogenetic and relative synonymous codon usage analysis suggested that ZJ01 may be a potential evolutionary branch of SARS-CoV-2. We classified 54 global virus strains based on the base (C or T) at positions 8824 and 28247 while ZJ01 has T at both sites. The prediction of the Furin cleavage site (FCS) and sequence alignment indicated that the FCS may be an important site of coronavirus evolution. ZJ01 mutations identified near the FCS (F1-2) caused changes in the structure and electrostatic distribution of the S surface protein, further affecting the binding capacity of Furin. Single-cell sequencing and ACE2-Furin co-expression results confirmed that the Furin expression was especially higher in glands, liver, kidneys, and colon. The evolutionary pattern of SARS-CoV-2 towards FCS formation may result in its clinical symptom becoming closer to HKU-1 and OC43 caused mild flu-like symptoms, further showing its potential in differentiating into mild COVID-19 subtypes.

Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) has been increasingly used in aviation industry since it significantly enhances the performance of aircraft. However, imperfections inside the CFRP structures pose a threat to aviation safety. Apart from the defect shape and size, flaw depth is crucial to assess the defect severity. In this work, we utilize a laser infrared thermography (LIT) system to inspect an aviation CFRP sheet and adopt a long-short term memory recurrent neural network (LSTM-RNN) to determine the defect depth. Thermographic sequences obtained by LIT are processed using thermographic signal reconstructions (TSR) method. Raw data and TSR processed data are separately used to train and test the LSTM-RNN. Results show that background noises in the original thermal signals can be effectively reduced by the TSR method, which is helpful for the models to learn the signal characteristics. Compared with two traditional methods, recurrent neural network (RNN) and convolutional neural network (CNN), we find the LSTM-RNN outperforms.

BackgroundRapid urbanization, academic pressures, and developmental life transition stressors contribute to mental health stress for postsecondary students in China. Effective prevention, early identification, and timely intervention are challenged by stigma, a lack of mental health literacy, and inadequate mental health resources. ObjectiveOur implementation science (IS) research project is aimed at evaluating the use of an evidence-informed mental health promotion intervention named Acceptance and Commitment to Empowerment – Linking Youth and ‘Xin’ (hearts) (ACE-LYNX) to promote university student mental health in Jinan, China. MethodsWe will engage and collaborate with Shandong Mental Health Center, the provincial mental health center, and six local universities in different regions of Jinan. The ACE-LYNX intervention aims to reduce social stigma against mental illness, enhance mental health literacy, and improve access to quality mental health care by increasing interdisciplinary collaboration and forming a mental health network. It is based on two evidence-based approaches, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Group Empowerment Psychoeducation (GEP), and it will be delivered through online learning and in-person group training. The project will train 90 interdisciplinary professionals using the model. They will in turn train 15 professionals and 20 students at each university. The project will adopt the Reach, Efficacy, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework, which provides a structure to examine the process and outcomes of implementation using mixed methods comprising quantitative and qualitative approaches along five dimensions: reach, efficacy, adoption, implementation, and maintenance. ResultsOver the course of the project, 720 champions will be directly trained. They will contribute to developing a formal and informal mental health network, strengthened by student-led mental health initiatives and professional-led initiatives to promote collaborative care and facilitated care pathways. We anticipate that our project will reach out to 11,000 to 18,000 students. ConclusionsThis IS protocol will outline our unique intervention model and key steps to contextualize, implement, and evaluate community-based mental health intervention. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)PRR1-10.2196/25592

The Q235 steel plate butt joint was successfully welded by the laser K-TIG hybrid welding method. The effects of hybrid welding process parameters such as welding current, the distance between heat sources, laser power, laser defocusing amount, and welding speed on the coupled arc profile and welding process stability were studied. The results indicated that the laser deflects the K-TIG arc, and the deflection angle becomes smaller as the arc current increases. After K-TIG generates small holes, if the laser beam acts on the bottom of the keyhole, the welded depth can be further increased; however, the laser power has little effect on the welded depth. The distance between heat sources is the main factor affecting the state of laser-arc coupling. Optical microstructures of welded joints showed that the grains in the arc zone were coarser than those in the laser zone, and there are more columnar crystals in the fusion zone. The microhardness of the weld center is significantly higher than that of the base metal, up to 220 HV. At the same time, the change of tensile strength of the weld under the influence of a single parameter was analyzed, and it was found that tensile properties of the weld first increased and then decreased with the increase of K-TIG arc current I, heat source distance D, and welding speed V, respectively. With the increase of laser power P, it first decreased and then increased, and with the increase of laser defocusing amount δf, it showed a downward trend.

Transpiration through stomata in tree canopies plays an important role in terrestrial water cycles. However, the empirical relationship between leaf stomata anatomy and canopy stomatal conductance (Gs) is surprisingly rare, thereby the underlying biological mechanisms of terrestrial water flux are not well elucidated. To gain further insight into these mechanisms, we reanalyzed the dataset of Gs previously reported by Gao et al. (2015) using a quantile regression model. The results indicated that the reference Gs (Gsref, Gs at 1 kPa) was negatively correlated with wood density at each quantile, which confirmed previous data; however, Gsref was significantly correlated with stomatal density at the 0.6 quantile, i.e., 450 stomata mm−2. This highlighted the potential of using stomatal density as a trait to predict canopy water flux. A conceptual model of co-determinants of xylem and stomatal morphology suggests that these traits and their coordination may play a critical role in determining tree growth, physiological homeostatic response to environmental variables, water use efficiency, and drought resistance. Keywords: Gsref, Quantile regression, Stomatal density, Water flux, Wood density

Abstract This paper is concerned with chaos control and bifurcations of the Leslie–Gower type generalist predator model in a tri-trophic food web system with the time-delayed feedback control. First, the distribution of the roots of the related characteristic equations is analyzed by the polynomial theorem, the conditions to guarantee the existence of Hopf bifurcation are given by choosing the time delay as a bifurcation parameter. Then, the explicit formula for direction of Hopf bifurcation and stability of periodic solutions bifurcating are determined by using the normal form theory and center manifold theorem. Finally, the correctness of our theoretical analysis is verified by some numerical simulation.

The use of a Zn/Ag–Cu–Zn/Zn multi-interlayer was observed to avoid the formation of Mg–Al binary intermetallic compounds (IMCs), which cause embrittlement and low strength of bonding when dissimilar metals such as Mg/Al are joined using ultrasound-assisted transient liquid phase bonding (U-TLP). The change in the microstructure and mechanical properties of the AZ31B/LY12 joints at 410, 440, and 460 °C with prolonging ultrasonic treatment (UST) time was investigated. The results showed that the diffusion of Ag and Cu was faster into the brazing seam on the LY12 side than that on the AZ31B side with increasing UST and temperature. The IMCs on both sides of the joints were transformed with the diffusion of Ag and Cu. The transformation made the fracture path shift from the AZ31B side (410, 440 °C) to the LY12 side (460 °C), and the maximum shear strength of the joints from 43.3 (410 °C) to 65.7 (440 °C) to 84.7 MPa (460 °C). The IMCs on the surface of the fracture path corresponding to the joints with optimal mechanical properties changed from Mg7Zn3+MgZn2+α-Mg (410 °C) to MgZnCu+Mg7Zn3 (440 °C) to Al2Cu (460 °C).

Reproductive phenology is sensitive to climatic changes and is associated with species functional types, distribution ranges, and their corresponding climatic niches. Phylogenetic niche conservatism in reproductive phenology also constrains its diversity and the distribution of species. Therefore, we assessed the effects of photosynthetic pathway, life history, phylogeny, and climatic niche on reproductive phenology. For 190 Poaceae species in subtropical China, we compiled data on flowering onset and reproductive period, functional type (photosynthetic pathway and life history), and 18 climatic variables across the species’ global distributions and used phylogenetic models to determine associations. We found strong phylogenetic signals in flowering onset but not in reproductive period. Photosynthetic pathway and life history have significant interactive effects on both flowering onset and reproductive period, such that C3 annual grasses flowered the earliest and had the longest reproductive period. We found that species with wider climatic niches would flower earlier and have longer reproductive periods. Specifically, species that experience wider ranges of mean annual precipitation and coldest-month temperatures would flower earlier, and species with higher mean annual temperature and wider ranges of wettest-quarter precipitation have a longer reproductive period. This study finds that the diversity of reproductive phenology among subtropical grasses is constrained by evolution and climatic niche and that photosynthetic pathway and life history have an interactive effect on the timing and the duration of reproduction.

This paper discusses the types, faith attributes, development characteristics, and limitations of Christian social organizations in China. China’s religious social service organizations mainly include four types of organizations: associations, private non-enterprise units, foundations, and venues for religious activities. From the perspective of faith attributes, they can be divided into faith-permeated organizations, faith-centered organizations, faith-affiliated organizations, faith-background organizations, and faith–secular partnerships. Since the reform and opening up in 1978, China’s Christian social services have been in a period of organizational reconstruction. The main development characteristics are as follows: (a) social services have begun to take on multiple forms; (b) institutional services have transferred their original focus on those with disabilities to the elderly, and the services have been gradually extended from the low-income populations to other target groups; and (c) the basic functions of social services are still in the recovery stage, and the organizational system and service scale are not complete and sufficient. The multiple limitations of Christian social services involve (a) the social development stage and institutional background; (b) government policy text and implementation; and (c) maturity of its own organizational structure and service ability. There is still a long way to go to achieve the basic goals of reconstruction and development.

An increasing body of evidence has shown that nighttime sap flux occurs in most plants, but the physiological implications and regulatory mechanism are poorly known. The significance of corticular photosynthesis has received much attention during the last decade, however, the knowledge of the relationship between corticular photosynthesis and nocturnal stem sap flow is limited at present. In this study, we divided seven tree species into two groups according to different photosynthetic capabilities: trees of species with (Castanopsis hystrix, Michelia macclurei, Eucalyptus citriodora, and Eucalyptus grandis × urophylla) and without (Castanopsis fissa, Schima superba, and Acacia auriculiformis) photosynthetic stems, and the sap flux (Js) and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters for these species were measured. One-way ANOVA analysis showed that the Fv/Fm (Maximum photochemical quantum yield of PSII) and ΦPSII (effective photochemical quantum yield of PSII) values were lower in non-photosynthetic stem species compared to photosynthetic stem species. The linear regression analysis showed that Js,d (daytime sap flux) and Js,n (nighttime sap flux) of non-photosynthetic stem species was 87.7 and 60.9% of the stem photosynthetic species. Furthermore, for a given daytime transpiration water loss, total nighttime sap flux was higher in species with photosynthetic stems (SlopeSMA = 2.680) than in non-photosynthetic stems species (SlopeSMA = 1.943). These results mean that stem corticular photosynthesis has a possible effect on the nighttime water flow, highlighting the important eco-physiological relationship between nighttime sap flux and corticular photosynthesis.

In this paper, coupled with Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations and ballistic equations, the numerical simulations of high-speed water entry of projectiles under different conditions have been conducted. The water-gas flow was modeled by the mixture multiphase model. The numerical results indicated that the simulations agree well with analytical solutions by two cavity models, which validates the model applied. Then the effects of variations of project length, entry angle and velocity on the entry process of projectiles were further investigated. The results show that, for small water entry angles, the cavity wall interacts with the projectile, affects the trajectory of the projectile, and even ricochets for projectiles with small length (5D). On the other hand, the projectile vibrates during the whole process of water entry; the vibration amplitude decreases with the increase of projectile length and entry angle; however, it is the contrary for the vibration period. Furthermore, after the initial impact period, the influence of these parameters on the drag coefficient is not obvious.

The dynamics of discrete SI epidemic model, which has been obtained by the forward Euler scheme, is investigated in detail. By using the center manifold theorem and bifurcation theorem in the interior R+2, the specific conditions for the existence of flip bifurcation and Neimark-Sacker bifurcation have been derived. Numerical simulation not only presents our theoretical analysis but also exhibits rich and complex dynamical behavior existing in the case of the windows of period-1, period-3, period-5, period-6, period-7, period-9, period-11, period-15, period-19, period-23, period-34, period-42, and period-53 orbits. Meanwhile, there appears the cascade of period-doubling 2, 4, 8 bifurcation and chaos sets from the fixed point. These results show the discrete model has more richer dynamics compared with the continuous model. The computations of the largest Lyapunov exponents more than 0 confirm the chaotic behaviors of the system x→x+δ[rN(1-N/K)-βxy/N-(μ+m)x], y→y+δ[βxy/N-(μ+d)y]. Specifically, the chaotic orbits at an unstable fixed point are stabilized by using the feedback control method.

A discrete two-species competitive model is investigated. By using some preliminary lemmas and constructing a Lyapunov function, the existence and uniformly asymptotic stability of positive almost periodic solutions of the system are derived. In addition, an example and numerical simulations are presented to illustrate and substantiate the results of this paper.

The main purpose of this study was to optimize the preparation of lysozyme nanoliposomes using response surface methodology and measure their stability. The stabilities of lysozyme nanoliposomes in simulated gastrointestinal fluid (SGF), simulated intestinal fluid (SIF), as well as pH, temperature and sonication treatment time were evaluated. Reverse-phase evaporation method is an easy, speedy, and beneficial approach for nanoliposomes’ preparation and optimization. The optimal preparative conditions were as follows: phosphatidylcholine-to-cholesterol ratio of 3.86, lysozyme concentration of 1.96 mg/mL, magnetic stirring time of 40.61 min, and ultrasound time of 14.15 min. At the optimal point, encapsulation efficiency and particle size were found to be 75.36% ± 3.20% and 245.6 nm ± 5.2 nm, respectively. The lysozyme nanoliposomes demonstrated certain stability in SGF and SIF at a temperature of 37 °C for 4 h, and short sonication handling times were required to attain nano-scaled liposomes. Under conditions of high temperature, acidity and alkalinity, lysozyme nanoliposomes are unstable.

The aim of the present study was to compare flexible ureteroscopy and laparoscopy in the treatment of peripelvic renal cysts, so as to determine the best treatment method for patients with peripelvic renal cysts. A systematic search of the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CONAHL, Clinicaltrials.gov, Google Scholar, CNKI and WanFang DATA databases was conducted for articles published over 22 years (December 1980-December 2022) using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. By searching the database, a total of 594 studies were found, of which eight were analyzed as evidence. A total of 394 patients were included in the present study. Of these, 193 were treated laparoscopically and 201 were treated by flexible ureteroscopy. In terms of analysis results, radiation reexamination after laparoscopic therapy had a higher success rate. Ureteroscopy has advantages in the time spent in the operation, the amount of blood lost during the operation, the time to recover the anal exhaust after the operation and the length of postoperative hospital stay. There were no significant difference in postoperative recurrence or complications between the two surgical methods. After comprehensive analysis, it was considered that flexible ureteroscopy has more advantages in the treatment of peripelvic renal cyst, which is mainly manifested in the duration of operation, the total amount of blood loss during operation, the interval of recovery of anal exhaust after operation and the total length of postoperative hospital stay. It is worth further exploration and promotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is limited research on the interaction mechanism between the buckling load of the side pile top and the soil pressure behind pile (SPP) with the side pile. As the side pile serves as a crucial component of the lining structure in the metro, using the pile-beam-arch (PBA) method, it plays a vital role in maintaining the mechanical stability and deformation control of the station's lining system. Based on the Guangzhou Metro Line 11 project, this paper delves into the impact of mechanical characteristics and deformation of the side pile using the PBA method. It considers various factors such as different buckling loads, including horizontal load of arch (HLA), vertical load of arch (VLA) and SPP and offers corresponding construction suggestions. Our findings indicate that the lateral displacement and deformation of the side pile are primarily influenced by the HLA. The optimal HLA value stands at 1200kN. As the HLA increases, the side pile undergoes a transformation from a forward-inclined deformation mode to a belly distension deformation mode when moving towards the station's interior. The influence of HLA on bending moments about the side pile surpasses that of axial force. The VLA exerts a more significant effect on vertical settlement of the side pile, yet its impact on lateral pile body deformation is minimal. An increase in HLA significantly impacts the axial force of the side pile, but has minimal effects on bending moments. The SPP holds significant influence on the stability of the side pile; hence, it is recommended to implement appropriate lining measures to guarantee stability when dealing with exceptionally high SPP values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]