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A chip-sized passively Q-switched laser is demonstrated, in which a solid-state gain medium is intra-cavity pumped and vertically integrated with a semiconductor laser. A laser chip volume of 1 mm3 and peak power of 50 kW are achieved simultaneously.

We present a coupled-wave model for a triangular-lattice two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystal (PC) with a transverse electric (TE) polarization and derive a set of coupled-wave equations. We use these equations to obtain analytic expressions that describe the relations between the resonant mode frequencies and the coupling constants. We calculate the resonant mode frequencies for a PC composed of circular holes. These agree well with the frequencies calculated using the 2D plane wave expansion method. We also evaluate the coupling constants of fabricated samples using their measured resonant mode frequencies. Our analytic expressions allow the design and evaluation of feedback strength in triangular-lattice 2D PC cavities.

We demonstrate 2.6 MW peak power at 1560 nm from Nd:YAG/Cr4+:YAG micro giant-pulse laser/amplifier with PPMgLN optical parametric generation. It is the first report of micro giant-pulse laser exceeding 2 MW peak power in eye-safe wavelength.