Search

The lotus seed and lily bulb beverage (LLB) has a problem with solid particle sedimentation. To address this issue, LLB was homogenised twice at different pressures (0~100 MPa) using a homogeniser. This study aims to investigate the changes in the particle size distribution (PSD), microstructure, rheological behaviour, sedimentation index (IS), turbidity, physicochemical properties, and sensory quality of LLBs after homogenisation treatments. The results regarding PSD and microstructure showed that the suspended particles were decomposed at high pressure with increasing homogenisation pressure, forming small particles of cellular material, cell wall fragments, fibre fractions, and polymers. The LLB showed shear-thinning behaviour and weak gelation characteristics (G′ > G″) and rheological properties. Among all homogenisation pressures, the 60 MPa sample showed the lowest sedimentation rate and the highest turbidity. When the pressure was increased from 0 to 100 MPa, the total soluble solid (TSS) content showed an upward trend, while the ascorbic acid content (AAC) gradually decreased. The highest sensory evaluation was observed in the 60 MPa sample in terms of overall acceptability.

This study investigated the effects of thermosonication (TS) on the quality of blackcurrant juice, along with its physicochemical properties, bioactive compounds, antioxidant capacity, and microbiological and sensory qualities. The treatments included raw juice (RJ), pasteurized juice (90 °C, 1 min, PJ), and thermosonicated juice (480 W, 40 kHz at 40, 50, or 60 °C, for 10, 20, 30, or 40 min, TJ). The results indicated that the effects of pasteurization and thermosonication on the pH, total soluble solids, and titratable acidity of the juice were not significant (p > 0.05). However, the cloudiness, browning index, and viscosity were significantly increased (p < 0.05), and the color properties of the blackcurrant juice were improved. The total phenolic, flavonoid, and anthocyanin contents of TJ (treated at 50 °C for 30 min) were increased by 12.6%, 20.9%, and 40.4%, respectively, and there was a notable decline in ascorbic acid content after the pasteurization treatment, while the loss was minor in all TJ samples compared with RJ. The scavenging ability of 1,1-diphenyl-2-pyridyl and hydroxyl radicals increased to 52.77% and 50.52%, respectively, which were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than those in the RJ and PJ samples. In addition, both pasteurization and thermosonication resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in microbial counts, while there were no significant (p > 0.05) differences in the sensory parameters compared with the RJ samples. In conclusion, this study suggests that TS is an effective method that can be used as an alternative to pasteurization to improve the quality of blackcurrant juice.

[Objectives] To enrich the species resources of Tianjin, Aornia melanocarpa was introduced and cultivated in 4 districts of Tianjin. [Methods] Two consecutive years of observation in 2018-2019 and research on the phenological period, high yield and fruit economic traits in 4 districts of Tianjin were carried out. [Results] The A. melanooapa of the Linhai Jiayuan Experimental Site in Jinghai District has larger single fruit weight, higher nutrient composition, stronger plant growth, higher yield and storage stability, so this site can be used as a main planting base for large-scale planting of A. melanocarpa; the experimental site of Tianjin Agricultural University East Campus and the experimental site of Cuiping Lake Science Park of Jizhou District have a sour and astringent taste but relatively low yield, need to be processed as by-products in combination with market prices to determine whether to plant; the experimental site of Tianjin Agricultural University West Campus has low yield, small fruit and poor taste, and the planting effect is the worst among the four experimental sites. [Conclusions] From the overall economic traits of fruits, the fruits produced in the experimental site of Jinghai District have sufficient weight, high solid-acid ratio, and relatively high nutrient content, thus this experimental site can be used as large-scale cultivation base for A. melanocarpa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lonicera japonica Thunb. is a typical medicinal and edible plant in China. It has antibacterial, anti-oxidant, anti-endotoxin, and anti-inflammatory effects, etc. Its pharmacological action is closely related to its active components. Based on the results of previous studies, this paper summarized the effects of variety, origin, cultivation conditions, pruning, harvesting period and processing methods on the active components of L. japonica, in the hope of providing theoretical guidance for high-yield and high-quality cultivation of L. japonica. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the premise of simulating the growth environment of algae in natural conditions, the responses of Microcystis aeruginosa to stress of Rabbosia japonica were studied. The results showed that the maximum specific growth rate of M. aeruginosa inhibited by water extract from R. japonica was - 0.083 d-1, and the inhibition effects on the electrical conductivity and pH of M. aeruginosa solution were significant with long duration. When the concentration of water extract from R. japonica was low, the maximum inhibition rate of M. aeruginosa was lower than 20%. When the concentration wa 500 or 1 000 mg/L, the inhibition rate was higher than 50% after 144 h. It wa proved that the inhibition effect of high concentrations of R. japonica on M. aeruginosa was significant and stable, which can provide reference for the control of water bloom in aquaculture water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives] The content of astragaloside in Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.) Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.) Hisao from three different regions was determined.[Methods] Referring to the method recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2015 edition), the content of astragaloside IV in A.membranaceus was determined by HPLC. [Results] There were great differences in the astragaloside IV content of A.membranaceus among different regions.The content of astragaloside IV in A.membranaceus cultivated in Inner Mongolia was highest(0.155%), followed by that(0.143%) in A.membranaceus cultivated in Gansu, and the content of astragaloside IV in A.membranaceus cultivated in Shanxi was lowest(0.080%). The contents of astragaloside IV in A.membranaceus from different regions were all in line with the standard(not less than 0.040%) of Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2015 edition). [Conclusions]The content of astragaloside IV in A.membranaceus cultivated in three different regions met the medicinal standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standi. Var. hispisa (Thund. ) Hara is an annual creeping herb of the family Cucurbitaceae. It has high nutritional value and medicinal value, and it is a high-quality vegetable with low sugar and many kinds of vitamins. This paper introduced the current research situation of L. siceraria (Molina) Standi, from medicinal value, cultivation management technology and processing technology. Besides, it discussed main points of future researches on the basis of existing research, to promote the development of L. siceraria (Molina) Standi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to explore an analysis method for baicalin in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and make a reference for the analysis of the medicinal value of S. baicalensis cultivated in Jizhou District. The content of baicalin in S. baicalensis cultivated in Jizhou District was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography( HPLC) to judge whether it met the requirements of Chinese Pharmacopoeia; and according to the requirements of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia of 2015 edition, the contents of heavy metals were determined by ICP-MS. The results showed that the contents of baicalin, Cr, Cu, As, Cd and Pb in S. baicalensis planted in Jizhou District were 14. 625 05%,11. 360,12. 830, 0. 062 315, 0. 025 715 and 0. 176 65 μg/g,respectively. The content of baicalin in S. baicalensis planted in Jizhou District was much higher than the standard ( ≥ 9. 0%) of Chinese Pharmacopoeia of 2015 edition, and the contents of heavy metals were also below the limit( ≤20/1000 000) required by Chinese Pharmacopoeia of 2015 edition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives To provide basis for identification, development and use of (jimpsis grandijlora (Thunb. ) Schum. Methods Original plants, traits, microsIruclures and UV spectra were used for identification. Results For the first time, the pharmacognostical characteristics were elaborated about stems and leaves of Campsis grandijlora (Thunb. ) Schum. [ Conclusions This study is expected to provide basis for pharmacognostical quality standard of stems and leaves of Campsis grandijlora (Thunb.) Schum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The contents of chlorogenic acid and luteoloside in Flos Lonicerae from Binhai New Area and Jinnan District of Tianjin were determined to provide basis for the quality identification of this medicinal material. The content of chlorogenic acid was determined by HPLC. In Flos Lonicerae from Binhai New Area and in Flos Lonicerae harvested at different stages from Jinnan District, the contents of chlorogenic acid were 3. 804%, 5. 507% (three green stage), 4. 855% (silver flower stage) and 4. 220% (golden flower stage), respectively, and the contents of luteoloside were 5. 53 %, 12.405% (three green stage), 14. 370% ( silver flower stage) and 0. 917% (golden flower stage ), respectively. The contents of chlorogenic acid in Flos Lonicerae from Jinn an District were higher than that from Binhai New Area. Among different stages, the content of chlorogenic acid was highest in three green stage, followed by that in silver flower stage. As the flowers bloomed, the content of chlorogenic acid in the medicinal material showed a significant downward trend. In Flos Lonicerae from Jinnan District, the content of luteoloside was highest in silver flower stage and lowest in golden flower stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives] This study aimed to evaluate the quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza cultivated in Jizhou. [Methods] The contents of chemical ingredients (tanshinone II A, tanshinone I and salvianolic acid B) in S. miltiorrhiza were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the chemical composition of S. miltiorrhiza planted in Jizhou and purchased from market was compared. [Results] The contents of tanshinone II A, tanshinone I and salvianolic acid B in S. miltiorrhiza planted in Jizhou were 0. 014%, 0.421 2% and 3. 018%, respectively, higher than the standards of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia of the 2015 edition. [Conclusions] The chemical composition of S. miltioorhiza planted in Jizhou meets the standards of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia of the 2015 edition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With seeds as experimental materials, MS was used as the basic medium to combine different species and concentrations of auxin and mitogen for proliferation, elongation and rooting culture. The best combination of medium and the most suitable medium were selected. The results showed that the best formula for the medium was MS + 0. 5 mg/L BA + 0. 5 mg/L IAA + 30 g/L sucrose in the proliferation culture, MS + 0. 25 mg/L BA + 0. 5 mg/L IAA + 30 g/L sucrose in the elongation culture, and MS + 0. 5 mg/L IAA + 20 g/L sucrose in the rooting culture respectively. The experimental results will be applied in the rapid propagation and breeding of high-quality seedlings of Platycodon grandiflorus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] To research the physiological response of Carthamus tinctorius L. under saline-alkali stress, so as to screen, introduce and cultivate new varieties. [Methods] With C. tinctorius seeds as the research material, saline-alkali stress treatments by different concentrations of NaCl, NaHCO3, NaCl and NaHCO3 (1:1) mixed solutions were carried out. The saline-alkali tolerance abilities were researched by detecting the germination percentage, germination energy, relative germination percentage, vigor index and so on. [Results] With the concentration increase of NaCl, NaHCO3, NaCl and NaHCO3 ( 1: 1) mixed solutions, the germination percentage, germination energy, relative germination percentage, radical length and seedling fresh weight of C. tinctorius seeds gradually declined. Under NaCl stress, the salt-tolerance concentration, median inhibitory concentration and limiting concentration of C. tinctorius seeds were 9.663‰, 14. 721‰ and 19.779‰, respectively. Under NaHCO3 stress, the salt-tolerance concentration, median inhibitory concentration and limiting concentration of C. tinctorius seeds were 10.573%c, 14.515%c and 18.457%c, respectively. Under the stress of NaCl and NaHCO3(l: 1) mixed solution, the salt-tolerance concentration, median inhibitory concentration and limiting concentration of C. tinctorius seeds were 10.239‰,14. 858‰ and 19.477‰, respectively. [Conclusions] C. tinctorius had relatively strong ability of saline-alkali tolerance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Galla chinensis (nutgall), used in traditional Chinese medicine, is a product extracted from nutgall trees in Chinese forests. In this study, Microcystis aeruginosa, a cyanobacterium, was exposed to different concentrations of nutgall extract obtained from Galla chinensis. With increased exposure concentration, and time, the cell density of M. aeruginosa was significantly reduced. After 72 h of exposure, the chlorophyll a content of M. aeruginosa significantly decreased; superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased at a low nutgall concentration but decreased at higher concentrations. Cellular ultrastructure was observed by electron microscopy. With increased nutgall concentrations, M. aeruginosa cell walls became wrinkled, collapsed, and ruptured. The photosynthetic thylakoid lamellae were fractured and dispersed, fewer phycobilisomes attached to the photosynthetic thylakoid membrane and were dispersed into the cytoplasm, and the number of lipid particles and cyanophycin granules increased. A large void appeared in the nuclear area and most of the algal cells died. In conclusion, these observations indicate that Galla chinensis has a significant allelopathic effect, and can effectively inhibit the growth of M. aeruginosa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives] To evaluate the quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza cultivated in Jizhou District. [Methods] With Salvia miltiorrhiza cultivated in Jizhou District as test material, HPLC was used to study the content of its pharmacological constituents (tanshinone II A, tanshinone I and danshinolic acid B). [Results] For Salvia miltiorrhiza cultivated in Jizhou District, tanshinone el A content was 0.014%, tanshinone I content was 0. 4212%, and danshinolic acid B content was 3. 018%, higher than the standard specified in Pharmacopoeia (2015). [ Conclusions] The quality of SaIvia miltiorrhiza met the requirements of medication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]