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The Yellow River holds significant developmental and historical importance for China. Over the past decade, there has been a growing recognition of the river basin's complexity as a hydrological, ecological, economic, political, and social system. Therefore, analyzing its research hotspots and trends helps to anticipate future research directions. This study utilized bibliometric software (such as VOSviewer and CiteSpace) to analyze the articles and research trends related to the ecological environment of the Yellow River Basin over the past 11 years (2014–2024). The results indicate that a total of 2096 articles have been published on this topic, with an almost annual increase in publications. Keyword co-occurrence and clustering network analysis indicate that the middle and lower reaches of the Loess Plateau, the delta, and the water quality and flow changes in the Yellow River Basin have been long-term research focuses. Climate change plays a dominant role in Yellow River runoff variation. In recent years, water quality has steadily improved, although delta erosion issues remain unresolved. Research on the sustainable development and ecosystem services of the Yellow River Basin has become a recent trend. With continuous policy development, refinement, and advancements in research, significant progress has been made in enhancing ecosystem services and achieving sustainable development in the Yellow River Basin. Regarding international collaboration, China, the United States, Australia, the United Kingdom, and Germany rank among the top five, with the most intensive collaborations occurring between China and the US, the UK, and Germany. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acid mine drainage (AMD), containing large quantities of heavy metals and acidic components, poses a severe threat to the environment and human health. Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (A. ferrooxidans) plays a crucial role in the treatment of AMD, but its activity is significantly influenced by environmental conditions. This study systematically analyzes the stress effect of high phosphorus concentration on A. ferrooxidans during AMD treatment and its biomineralization effect. The results indicate that with phosphorus concentrations ranging from 0 g/L to 2 g/L, the system's pH and Fe2+ oxidation rate initially decrease and then increase, with higher phosphorus concentrations delaying the time of increase. When the phosphorus concentration exceeds 2 g/L, both pH and Fe2+ oxidation rates generally show a downward trend. The morphology and elemental composition of the precipitates obtained under different phosphorus concentrations exhibit significant differences, indicating that phosphorus concentration notably affects the oxidation activity of A. ferrooxidans and its mediated biomineralization process. Under high phosphorus concentrations, the activity of A. ferrooxidans is inhibited, hindering the Fe2+ oxidation process and resulting in the formation of a large quantity of amorphous ferric phosphate precipitates. The findings provide a scientific basis for optimizing AMD treatment technologies, suggesting that reasonable control of phosphorus concentration in practical applications can improve AMD treatment efficiency and pretreatment effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the construction of deep foundation pits with rich water straight grooves, instability of deep foundation pits due to groundwater frequently occurs, posing a huge challenge to construction safety and economy. Based on the deep foundation pit of the intercity connecting line of Beijing New Airport, the technical method of combining theoretical analysis and on-site monitoring is adopted to analyze the influencing factors of groundwater on the retaining structure of deep foundation pit, and control and analyze the influencing factors. The deformation control technology for deep foundation pit is proposed. The following conclusions are obtained: (1) Based on the on-site geological conditions and the mechanism of groundwater level change, the deformation and failure forms and precipitation forms of deep foundation pits are obtained through theoretical analysis. (2) Based on the Deformation monitoring technology of deep foundation pit, the change of groundwater level and Deformation monitoring of retaining structure are carried out. (3) Combining on-site monitoring with theoretical calculation, conducting comparative analysis of data, summarizing the influencing factors of deep foundation pit damage, obtaining targeted deformation control technology for deep foundation pit, guiding the construction of practical projects, and providing reference for similar projects.

With the development of modern chemical synthesis technology, toxic and harmful compounds increase sharply. In order to improve the removal efficiency of refractory organic matter in waste water, the method of adding powdered activated carbon (PAC) to the system for adsorption was adopted. Through the analysis of organic matter removal rule before and after waste water treatment, it can be found that PAC is easy to adsorb hydrophobic organic matter, while activated sludge is easy to remove hydrophilic and weakly hydrophobic neutral organic matter. Powdered activated carbon-activated sludge SBR system (PAC-AS) system is obviously superior to AS and PAC system in removing organic matter of hydrophilic and hydrophobic components, that is, biodegradation and PAC adsorption are additive. Compared with the control system, the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removal rate of refractory substances increased by 8.36%, and PAC had a good adsorption effect on small molecular weight organic compounds, but with the increase of molecular weight of organic compounds, the adsorption effect of PAC gradually weakened, and it had no adsorption effect on macromolecular organic compounds. Based on the research of fuzzy control theory, an Agent control system for ozone oxidation process of industrial waste water based on Mobile Agent Server (MAS) theory was established, which was realized by fuzzy control method. The simulation results showed strong stability and verified the feasibility and adaptability of the distributed intelligent waste water treatment system based on MAS theory in the actual control process.