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Effective online monitoring of the spatial distribution of high‐energy radiation is of significant importance in various fields such as medical imaging, high‐energy physics, and homeland security. However, achieving radiation detectors with both high sensitivity and minimal disturbance is an enormous challenge. The present study introduces a solution to this bottleneck issue through the development of a full‐inorganic scintillating fiber, successfully demonstrating its application in constructing a radiation monitoring device. The scintillating fiber, activated with Ce3+ and fabricated using the melt‐in‐tube approach, is lightweight with a density of 2.5 g cm−3 and exhibits efficient scintillating emission with a light yield of 4000 photons MeV−1. These characteristics enable the achievement of radiation detection with high sensitivity while keeping disturbance to the incident radiation beam at a minimum. Furthermore, 2D and 3D radiation beam monitors are constructed based on these scintillating fibers, facilitating spatial radiation monitoring. The findings demonstrate that full‐inorganic scintillating fibers and devices offer a synergistic combination of high sensitivity and negligible disturbances. This progress not only introduces a novel full‐inorganic fiber for radiation detection but also suggests promising applications in various nuclear fields where 3D radiation beam tracking is essential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to investigate the impairments in quadriceps neuromuscular function, including strength, rate of torque development (RTD) and activation failure (QAF) early after an ACL injury. A cross-sectional study was conducted. Thirty physically active patients with a primary ACL injury within three months, aged 18 to 40 years old, and who were scheduled for ACL reconstruction were included. Thirty matched healthy controls were also recruited. All the outcomes were measured on an isokinetic dynamometer with knee flexion at 45°. Quadriceps strength was measured by maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC). Early (RTD0-50) and late (RTD100-200) phases of RTD were retrieved from the MVIC test from 0 to 50 ms and 100–200 ms, respectively. QAF was quantified by the central activation ratio (CAR) measured by superimposed burst technique. The results of Mann–Whitney U test showed that compared with the healthy limbs, the injured limbs of the ACL group showed lower quadriceps strength (P < 0.001), RTD0-50 (P < 0.001) and RTD100-200 (P < 0.001); the uninjured limbs showed lower quadriceps strength (P = 0.009), RTD0-50 (P = 0.006) as well as greater QAF (P = 0.010). To conclude, bilateral quadriceps suffered from neuromuscular impairments early after an ACL injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundWith the increasing complexity, integration level and data volume of nuclear instrumentation and control system, conventional data buses, such as peripheral component interconnect (PCI) or controller area network (CAN), are difficult to meet the needs of rapid data transmission.PurposeThis study aims to design and implement a Gigabit Ethernet transmission system based on the Xilinx's Zynq-7000 system on chip (SoC) and user datagram protocol (UDP).MethodsFirst of all, the system architecture of UDP Gigabit Ethernet transmission system for nuclear instrumentation and control system was introduced in detail. Then the ModelSim toolkit was employed to verify designed system functions by simulation. Finally, the Gigabit Ethernet transmission system was implemented using ZC706 development board, and tested by experiment.ResultsExperimental results show that the data transmission speed can reach 870 Mbps.ConclusionsThe Gigabit Ethernet transmission system can meet the actual transmission requirements of most nuclear instruments and control system.

Thermal neutron detection with scintillating fibers has excellent scientific and technological potential for remote and spatially resolved detection. However, most fibers are polymers, and developing all‐inorganic scintillating fibers remains a significant challenge. Herein, all‐inorganic scintillating fibers and prototype neutron detection devices are successfully constructed for neutron detection. The scintillating fibers with a perfect waveguide configuration and tunable size have been fabricated through the melt‐in‐tube method. The interactions between the thermal neutron and scintillating fiber have been theoretically analyzed. The dependence of the neutron absorption ability on the core diameter, cladding thickness, and 6Li abundance has been investigated. Guided by the above experimental and theoretical results, the configuration of the scintillating fiber and the corresponding neutron detection prototype device has been built. Its practical application for neutron detection has been demonstrated, and importantly, the single thermal neutron event can be successfully monitored. The device shows great promise for neutron detection applications in special scenarios such as tiny space and electromagnetic interference environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is crucial to explore the intrinsic mechanisms that influence thermometric sensitivity. This study investigates the optical performance of materials with the same crystal structure but different phonon energies. Ln 2 O 2 S:Er 3+ /Yb 3+ (Ln = La/Gd/Y) phosphors with similar morphology and particle sizes were prepared to systematically study the influence of different phonon energy matrices on optical properties. The intrinsic mechanism was elucidated through the matching degree between the energy gap and phonon energy, Judd-Ofelt (J-O) theory, and quantum dielectric theory. It was ultimately concluded that the combination of high phonon energy with a large Ω 2 and a small Ω 6 is beneficial for enhancing the sensitivity of temperature sensing materials.