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To improve the storage stability and conductivity of aluminum powder in an aqueous environment, the surface of aluminum powder was treated to form silica film by the sol–gel method, then was treated with conductive modification to introduce nanocarbon black particles so that conductive aluminum powder could be prepared to solve the application bottleneck of aluminum powder in water-borne heavy-duty anticorrosive coatings. The structure, surface morphology, and composition of the modified aluminum powder were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The corrosion resistance and electrochemical properties were measured using a hydrogen evolution test and an 2electrochemical test. The results showed that there was a compact SiO2 film formed on the surface of the prepared conductive aluminum powder, and the conductive filler nanocarbon black was uniformly grafted on the surface. According to the hydrogen evolution test at 100 h/50 °C, conductive aluminum powder with 5 wt% carbon black exhibited the best hydrogen evolution effect, with a hydrogen evolution amount of only 0.5 mL. The prepared conductive aluminum powder was applied to the water-borne coatings, and the storage stability test, electrochemical polarization test, and neutral salt spray test were further conducted. The water-borne coatings prepared with conductive aluminum powder still showed good performance and had no reaction after 6 months of storage. Compared with the coating containing SiO2-modified aluminum powder, the coating exhibited better corrosion resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The generation of construction and demolition waste1 (CDW) in China has increased dramatically in recent decades due to the rapid urbanization. Yet there is a very limited utilization of this waste, meaning that there is an urgent need to address this issue in order to reduce the reliance on virgin materials and improve the lived environment in China. This problem contrasts with the EU experience where many member states already exceed an 80% utilization rate of CDW due to extensive policy measures. We argue that the supervision of CDW is an important and underestimated element in addressing this waste stream, and that China and other rapidly developing states can build on the EU experience to address this issue rapidly and efficiently. This paper took a comparative policy analytical approach to summarize advanced experiences promoting CDW utilization, highlighting 14 advanced policy measures. We then conducted a case study approach applied to a Chinese metropolitan city, Wuhan, to identify the key measures to promote CDW utilization in the local area by questionnaire. On this basis, we then proposed a whole process supervision framework for the six most important policy measures, to cover the whole process of the generation, transport and recycling of this waste. This approach provides a mode for policymakers to prioritize the most important policy measures to address CDW problem in China through a timely and data-driven process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to use reconstructive methods for complex oral and maxillofacial defects, explore their feasibility, and evaluate the efficacy of defect reconstruction using anterolateral thigh (ALT) multiple paddle flaps., Patients and Methods: The authors performed a retrospective case series of 33 patients who underwent oral and maxillofacial defect reconstruction using the ALT multiple paddle flaps. The design and harvest of the flaps, methods for defects reconstruction, and reconstructive efficacy are described., Results: All 33 patients were men, with a mean age of 49.5 years. Of the flaps, triple skin paddles plus muscle paddles were included in 3 cases, triple skin paddles were included in 1 case, 2 skin paddles plus muscle paddles were included in 29 cases. The skin paddles measured 3×5 cm to 10×16 cm. Postoperatively, all flaps survived completely. Parotid salivary fistula and orocutaneous fistula occurred in 1 patient of each, thigh wound infection and effusion occurred in 1 and 2 patients, respectively. All patients were followed up for ~2 to 93 months; most patients' oral functions and appearance were acceptable, and thigh motor dysfunction was not observed., Conclusions: With separate skin paddles for defects of different positions, individualized muscle flap for dead spaces, combination of different skin paddles for larger defects, effective reduction or avoidance of wound complications, and acceptable donor site morbidity, the ALT multiple paddle flaps are an ideal candidate for complex oral and maxillofacial defects reconstruction., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 by Mutaz B. Habal, MD.)

Genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) are vital for elucidating gene function and disease mechanisms. An overwhelming number of GEMM lines have been generated, but endeavors to collect and organize the information of these GEMMs are seriously lagging behind. Only a few databases are developed for the information of current GEMMs, and these databases lack biological descriptions of allele compositions, which poses a challenge for nonexperts in mouse genetics to interpret the genetic information of these mice. Moreover, these databases usually do not provide information on human diseases related to the GEMM, which hinders the dissemination of the insights the GEMM provides as a human disease model. To address these issues, we developed an algorithm to annotate all the allele compositions that have been reported with Python programming and have developed the genetically modified mice information database (GMMID; http://www.gmmid.cn), a user-friendly database that integrates information on GEMMs and related diseases from various databases, including National Center for Biotechnology Information, Mouse Genome Informatics, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium, and Jax lab. GMMID provides comprehensive genetic information on >70 055 alleles, 65 520 allele compositions, and ∼4000 diseases, along with biologically meaningful descriptions of alleles and allele combinations. Furthermore, it provides spatiotemporal visualization of anatomical tissues mentioned in these descriptions, shown alongside the allele compositions. Compared to existing mouse databases, GMMID considers the needs of researchers across different disciplines and presents obscure genetic information in an intuitive and easy-to-understand format. It facilitates users in obtaining complete genetic information more efficiently, making it an essential resource for cross-disciplinary researchers. Database URL: http://www.gmmid.cn., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press.)