Search

Intravenous chemotherapy is one of the most common treatments for hematological tumors, a major threat to human health and life. Due to its safety, comfort, and convenience, a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) is the preferred route of administration of intravenous chemotherapy. However, some PICC-related complications are drawing increasing attention. In this study, we investigated the use and role of sterile chitosan-based dressing in PICC-related complications in patients with hematological tumors.We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 205 patients with hematological tumors who had a PICC placed. The patients were divided into two groups, the observation group (sterile chitosan-based dressing, n=105) and the control group (sterile gauze dressing; n=100). The incidences of bleeding, infection, poor healing, and phlebitis, as well as the risk of bleeding, infection, and poor healing at the puncture site within a week of PICC placement, were analyzed.The overall incidences of bleeding, infection, and poor healing were, respectively, 42.9%, 6.7%, and 6.7% in the observation group and 63.0%, 22.0%, and 34% in the control group (all P0.05). The risk of local bleeding was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group [odds ratio (OR) 0.366; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.211-0.634; P0.001]. The risk of local bleeding was significantly higher in the platelets50×109/L group than in the platelets100×109/L group (OR 3.068; 95% CI: 1.397-6.740; P=0.005), while no significant difference was observed in the risk of bleeding between the platelets 50×109-100×109/L group and the platelets100×109/L group (OR 0.839; 95% CI: 0.404-1.742; P=0.638). The risk of infection (OR 0.214; 95% CI: 0.088-0.522; P0.001) and the risk of poor healing (OR 0.139; 95% CI: 0.058-0.331; P0.001) were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group.For patients with hematological tumors, sterile chitosan-based dressing after PICC placement reduces the risk of bleeding and infection and promotes healing at the puncture site.

Rice is affected by several plant diseases and insects that can cause severe yield losses. In this study, it is reported the introgression of resistance genes to brown planthopper (BPH) and rice stripe disease (RSD) in the japonica cultivars. Initially, four backcross (BC) lines were obtained using B5 as donor parent. Molecular markers linked to the resistance genes were used to identify the plants containing the genes of interest. In the present research, two BPH resistance genes (Bph14 and Bph15) and one RSD resistance gene (Stv-b i) were successfully transferred into three japonica varieties via a marker-aided backcrossing procedure. The progeny lines with Bph14 and Bph15 genes showed high resistance to BPH, while the progeny lines with Stv-b i gene showed high resistance to RSD. Yield research showed this is an effective way in rice breeding to control the damage from BPH and RSD, by using MAS of BPH genes and Stv-b i gene. Arroz é afetado por diversas doenças e insetos-praga causadores de grandes perdas de produção. Este estudo reportou a introgressão de genes de resistência a cigarrinha parda (BPH) e a virose do enrolamento (RSD) em cultivares japonica. Inicialmente, quatro linhagens retrocruzadas foram obtidas usando o parental doador B5. Marcadores moleculares ligados aos genes de resistência foram usados para identificar plantas contendo genes de interesse. Dois genes de resistência a BPH (Bph14 e Bph15) e um gene de resistência a RSD (Stv-b i) foram transferidos para três variedades japonica por retrocruzamento assistido por marcador (SAM). A linhagem com genes Bph14 e Bph15 e aquela com gene Stv-b i mostraram alta resistência a BPH e a RSD, respectivamente. A pesquisa demonstrou que este é um caminho efetivo no melhoramento do arroz visando controle de danos a BPH e RSD, por uso de SAM com os genes BPH e Stv-b i.

A dwarf mutant, designated LB4D, was obtained among the progeny of backcrosses to a wild rice introgression line. Genetic analysis of LB4D indicated that the dwarf phenotype was controlled by a single semidominant dwarfing gene, which was named LB4D. The mutants were categorized as dn-type dwarf mutants according to the pattern of internode reduction. In addition, gibberellin (GA) response tests showed that LB4D plants were neither deficient nor insensitive to GA. This study found that tiller formation by LB4D plants was decreased by 40% compared with the wild type, in contrast to other dominant dwarf mutants that have been identified, indicating that a different dwarfing mechanism might be involved in the LB4D dominant mutant. The reduction of plant height in F(1) plants ranged from 27.9% to 38.1% in different genetic backgrounds, showing that LB4D exerted a stronger dominant dwarfing effect. Using large F(2) and F(3) populations derived from a cross between heterozygous LB4D and the japonica cultivar Nipponbare, the LB4D gene was localized to a 46 kb region between the markers Indel 4 and Indel G on the short arm of chromosome 11, and four predicted genes were identified as candidates in the target region.

Plant mechanical strength is an important agronomic trait of rice. An ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS)-induced rice mutant, fragile plant 2 (fp2), showed morphological changes and reduced mechanical strength. Genetic analysis indicated that the brittle of fp2 was controlled by a recessive gene. The fp2 gene was mapped on chromosome 10. Anatomical analyses showed that the fp2 mutation caused the reduction of cell length and cell wall thickness, increasing of cell width, and the alteration of cell wall structure as well as the vessel elements. The consequence was a global alteration in plant morphology. Chemical analyses indicated that the contents of cellulose and lignin decreased, and hemicelluloses and silicon increased in fp2. These results were different from the other mutants reported in rice. Thus, fp2 might affect the deposition and patterning of microfibrils, the biosynthesis and deposition of cell wall components, which influences the formation of primary and secondary cell walls, the thickness of cell walls, cell elongation and expansion, plant morphology and plant strength in rice.

A mutant with abnormal hull was first discovered from a twin-seedling strain W2555 in rice (Oryza sativa L.). The mutant had sparse branches and decreased number of florets from the base to the peak. Frequently, the florets at the top of the panicle did not develop completely. The underdeveloped florets often showed slender and white in their life cycle. Genetic analysis indicated that the mutant traits were controlled by a single recessive gene (temporarily designated as ah). ah gene controlled the development of inflorescence meristem and the flower organ. The florets of mutant showed degenerated lemma and palea. Stamens and lodicules were homeoticly transformed into pistils and palea/lemma-like structures, respectively. It seemed that ah mutant phenotypes of the homeotic conversions in lodicules and stamens were very similar to that of the B loss-of-function spw1 gene reported previously in rice.

A dwarf mutant, designated LB4D, was obtained among the progeny of backcrosses to a wild rice introgression line. Genetic analysis of LB4D indicated that the dwarf phenotype was controlled by a single semidominant dwarfing gene, which was named LB4D. The mutants were categorized as dn-type dwarf mutants according to the pattern of internode reduction. In addition, gibberellin (GA) response tests showed that LB4D plants were neither deficient nor insensitive to GA. This study found that tiller formation by LB4D plants was decreased by 40% compared with the wild type, in contrast to other dominant dwarf mutants that have been identified, indicating that a different dwarfing mechanism might be involved in the LB4D dominant mutant. The reduction of plant height in F(1) plants ranged from 27.9% to 38.1% in different genetic backgrounds, showing that LB4D exerted a stronger dominant dwarfing effect. Using large F(2) and F(3) populations derived from a cross between heterozygous LB4D and the japonica cultivar Nipponbare, the LB4D gene was localized to a 46 kb region between the markers Indel 4 and Indel G on the short arm of chromosome 11, and four predicted genes were identified as candidates in the target region.

With Jingkang No.5 (PiA), calli of the PiA induced for 10-15 days were transferred into amino acid liquid culture medium, to establish excellent rice suspension cell lines successfully in a relative short time. The growth characteristics and differentiation conditions of suspension cells were measured at different phases. Results revealed that the optimal subculture time was 7-10 days, and the cells cultured for 30-120 days had the best differentiation ability (57.1%) and regeneration ability (20%). This study is promising in further using the suspension cell for genetic transformation and protoplasm isolation.