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Micro-Vortex Generator (MVG) is a common device for turbulent flow separation control. In this paper, in order to better understand the mechanism of flow control by MVG, the flow data set obtained by an implicit implemented large eddy simulation (ILES) with fifth order WENO spatial discretization at Ma = 2.5 and Reθ = 5760 is analyzed in detail by a proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) method. The POD method with 120 snapshots using both velocity (u, v, w) and Liutex vector (Lx, Ly, Lz) directly as inputs is applied to analyze the vortex structure behind MVG. From the present study, the first 6 POD modes are suitable for the explanation of the vortex structures behind MVG. In addition, for the first time, the data loaded directly from Liutex vector instead of velocity are organized as the snapshot matrix and a correlation between the absolute strength of rotation (Liutex) and the cumulative rotation strength (Liutex magnitude) of rotation is discovered. Vortex pairing and co-rotating vortices merging were found in both data-input cases with velocity and Liutex respectively. When modes are ranked by energy, the first six modes are paired and the streamwise structures are dominant in modes 1-2. When modes are ranked by Liutex strength, the first two modes, which are mixed by streamwise and spanwise vortices, are not paired, but modes 3-4 and 5-6 are paired, which are all spanwise-structure dominant. The comparison also shows the spanwise vortices have higher frequencies.

To evaluate the effect of wrist-ankle acupuncture (WAA) in pain and functional recovery after total knee arthroplasty (TKA).From June to September 2020, 94 participants were included from the Second Hospital of Tangshan and randomly assigned to the WAA group (47 cases) and the sham WAA group (47 cases) by a random number table, receiving real or sham WAA treatment, respectively. The primary outcome measure involved the visual analogue scale (VAS) scores at rest and in motion. The secondary outcomes involved the range of motion (ROM) of the knee joints, straight-leg raising time, postoperative weight-bearing time, sufentanil consumption within 48 h of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump, length of hospital stay, and postoperative complications.The VAS scores on the 3rd, 5th, and 7th postoperative days at rest and in motion was significantly lower in the WAA group than that of the sham WAA group (P0.01). The ROM on the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd PODs was significantly higher in the WAA group than that of the sham WAA group (P0.01). In comparison to the sham WAA group, the sufentanil consumption within 48 h of PCA pump was significantly less in the WAA group (156.3 ± 12.2 µg vs. 128.8 ± 9.8 µg, P0.01). There was no significant difference in active straight-leg raising time, postoperative weight-bearing time, length of hospital stay, and postoperative complications between the two groups (P0.05).WAA could alleviate post-TKA pain, improve knee joint function, and reduce the sufentanil consumption within 48 h of PCA pump. WAA is a safe and effective treatment in the perioperative analgesic management for TKA.

π–π stacking interactions and C–H⋯X (X = O, F) interactions formed by counteranions help to enhance the rigidity of these structures and further improve their luminescence quantum yields.

The potential relationships between the weak interactions of polyoxometalate-based lanthanide complexes and their photocatalytic properties – a new discovery from THz.

The purpose of this investigation is to study the dynamic hardness of MCrAlY abradable coatings under different strain rates. A dynamic indentation device based on the split Hopkinson pressure bar system (SHPB) was used. The results show that the hardness of MCrAlY coating increased with the increase of the strain rate, which has a positive strain rate effect. In addition, the difference of the static hardness of MCrAlY coating prepared by HVOF and LPPS was only 4%, while the difference in dynamic hardness was 16%.

Objectives. Urinary stem cells (USCs) have the capacity for unlimited growth and are promising tools for the investigations of cell differentiation and urinary regeneration. However, the limited life span significantly restricts their usefulness. This study is aimed at exploring the effect of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) on the smooth muscle cells (SMCs) differentiation of the dog USCs and investigating its molecular mechanism. Methods. An immortalized USCs cell line with the molecular markers and biological functions was prepared. After successfully inducing the differentiation of USCs into SMCs, the expression level of the unique key factor and its mechanisms in this process was determined through real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, or Immunofluorescence staining. Results. We found that high cell density promoted USCs differentiation SMCs, and ILK was necessary for USCs differentiation into SMCs. Knocking down ILK decreased the expression of SMCs specific-marker, while using a selective ILK agonist increased the expression of SMCs specific-marker. Furthermore, ILK regulated SMCs differentiation in part through the activation of NF-κB pathway in USCs. A NF-κB activity assay showed overexpression of ILK could significantly upregulate NF-κB p50 expression, and NF-κB p50 acts as downstream signal molecular of ILK. Conclusion. High cell density induces the differentiation of USCs into SMCs, and ILK is a key regulator of myogenesis. Furthermore, NF-κB signaling pathway might play a crucial role in this process.

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the microstructure, high-temperature oxidation behaviour, and hardness of a seal coating under controlled exposures at 750 °C with different exposure times. The results reveal that the main phases in the coating are Ni, FeNi3, and hexagonal BN, with α-Al2O3 peaks appearing after 2-h oxidation. As the exposure time increases, the diffraction peak intensity of α-Al2O3 begins to decrease and Cr2O3 peaks appear after 200 h. After 1000 h, Cr2O3 becomes dominant with only small amounts of α-Al2O3 remaining. The high-temperature oxidation process of the coating includes three stages: the fast stage, transition stage, and slow stage. The oxidation rate is constant in each stage, and in the fast stage and slow stages with values of 7.59 × 10−4 and 8.37 × 10−5 mg2·cm−4·s−1, respectively. Initially, α-Al2O3 forms near the pores in the coating, followed by the formation of Cr2O3. As the exposure time increases, oxidation penetrates into the interior of the coating along phase boundaries to form island-shaped inner oxide layers with high concentrations of Cr, Ni, and Fe. Additionally, hardness increases with increasing oxide percentage.

The third-generation vortex identification method of Liutex (previously called Rortex) was introduced by the team led by Prof. Chaoqun Liu from University of Texas at Arlington to mathematically extract the rigid rotation part from the fluid motion, and thus to define and visualize vortices. Unlike the vorticity-based first generation and the scalar-valued second generation, Q, λ2, Δ and λci methods for example, the Liutex vector provides a unique, mathematical and systematic way to define vortices and visualize vortical structures from multiple perspectives without ambiguity. In this article, we summarize the recent developments of the Liutex framework and discuss the Liutex theoretical system including its existence, uniqueness, stability, Galilean invariance, locality and globality, decomposition in tensor and vector forms, Liutex similarity in turbulence, and multiple Liutex-based vortex visualization methods including Liutex lines, Liutex magnitude iso-surfaces, Liutex-Ω method, and Liutex core line method, etc.. Thereafter, the six core elements of vortex identification, including (1) absolute strength, (2) relative strength, (3) local rotational axis, (4) vortex rotation axes, (5) vortex core size, (6) vortex boundary, are used as touchstones against which the Liutex vortex identification system is examined. It is demonstrated with illustrative examples that the Liutex system is able to give complete and precise information of all six core elements in contrast to the failure and inaccuracy of the first and second-generation methods. The important concept that vorticity cannot represent vortex and the superiority of the Liutex system over previous methods are reiterated and stated in appropriate places throughout the paper. Finally, the article concludes with future perspectives, especially the application of the Liutex system in studying turbulence mechanisms encouraged by the discovery of Liutex similarity law. As a newly defined physical quantity, Liutex may open a door for quantified vortex and turbulence research including Liutex (vortex) dynamics and lead the community out of the shadow of turbulence research which traditionally relies on observations, graphics, assumptions, hypotheses, and other qualitative analyses. An optimistic projection is that the Liutex system could be critical to investigation of the vortex dynamics in applications from hydrodynamics, aerodynamics, oceanography, meteorology, etc. and to research of the generation, sustenance, modelling and controlling of turbulence.

To observe the effect of transcutaneous electric acupoints stimulation (TEAS) on vascular endothelial function and inflammatory factors after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients.A total of 94 patients with coronary heart disease and undergoing PCI were randomized into a TEAS group and a sham-TEAS group, 47 cases in each one. In the TEAS group, TEAS started at unilateral Neiguan (PC6) and Ximen (PC4) 30 min before PCI till the end of PCI. In the sham-TEAS group, the procedure and persistent time were same as the TEAS group, but no electric stimulation was performed. Before treatment and at 8 h and 24 h after PCI, the levels of serum endothelin-1 (ET-1), von Willebrand factor (vWF), nitric oxide (NO), blood flow dependent diastolic function (FMD), interleukin-6 (IL-6), inteleukin-10 (IL-10), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were detected in the patients successively.Compared with the levels before PCI, the levels of ET-1 and vWF were all increased at 8 h and 24 h after PCI in the two groups (TEAS effectively improves the vascular endothelial function and reduces serum inflammatory factors after PCI.

Kolmogorov’s 1941 theory (K41) of similarity hypotheses and the −5/3 law for energy spectrum are considered as the most important theoretical achievement in turbulence research and the success of the modern turbulence theory. The assumptions of sufficient high Reynolds number and isotropy of turbulence that K41 based upon, however, cannot generally be met in practice, and thus discrepancy is often observed between the κ−5/3 law and direct numerical simulation (DNS) results of boundary layers in wall bounded turbulence, especially for moderate to low Reynolds number flows. Liutex vector is a recently defined new physical quantity which is extracted from turbulent flow to represent the rigid rotation part of fluid motion. Actually, Liutex is free from viscous dissipation and thus independent of Reynolds number, relaxing the very high Reynold number assumption of K41. Liutex similarity has been solidly demonstrated by DNS for a moderate Reynolds number turbulent boundary layer (Reθ ≈1 000), both the frequency and wavenumber spectrum of Liutex accurately matches the −5/3 law, which is obviously much better than the turbulence energy spectrum, while vorticity and other popular vortex identification methods, Q criterion for example, do not possess such a distinguished feature due to stretching and shearing contamination.

This study investigated a magnetically recycled modified polishing powder (CMIO@PP) as an adsorbent of phosphate; the CMIO@PP was synthesized by combining the modified La/Ce-containing waste polishing powder with CaO2-modified Fe3O4 (CMIO). Results indicate that the CMIO@PP nanocomposite presents a crystal structure comprising La (OH)3, Ce (OH)3, and Fe3O4, and that CMIO is uniformly dispersed in the modified polishing powder. The CMIO@PP (1:3) is a suitable choice considering its magnetism and adsorption capacity. The magnetic adsorbent exhibits a high adsorption capacity of 53.72 mg/g, a short equilibrium time of 60 min, and superior selectivity for phosphate. Moreover, the adsorbent strongly depends on the pH during the adsorption process and maintains a large adsorption capacity when the pH level is between 2 and 6. The adsorption of phosphate by the CMIO@PP (1:3) accords with the Langmuir isotherm model, and the adsorption process follows the pseudo-second order model. Meanwhile, adsorption–desorption experiments show that the adsorbent could be recycled a few times and that a high removal efficiency of phosphate from civil wastewater was achieved. Finally, mechanisms show that the adsorption of phosphate by the CMIO@PP (1:3) is mainly caused by electrostatic attraction and ligand exchange.

Nine novel copper(I) complexes with diphosphine and diimine ligands, namely [Cu(dpq)(xantphos)]BF4 (1), [Cu(dpq)(xantphos)]I (2), [Cu(dpq)(dppp)]BF4 (3), [Cu(dppz)(dppp)]BF4 (4), [Cu(dppz)(dppp)]I (5), [Cu(dppz)(pop)]I (6), [Cu(dpq)(pop)]I (7), [Cu(dpq)(pop)]Br (8), [Cu(dpq)(pop)]SCN (9) (dpq = pyrazino[2,3-f][1,10]phenanthroline, dppz = dipyrido[3,2-a:2′,3′-c]phenazine, xantphos = 9,9-dimethyl-4,5-bis(diphenylphosphanyl)xanthene, dppp = 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane, pop = 1,1′-[(Oxydi-2,1-phenylene)]bis[1,1-diphenylphosphine]), were characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, IR, elemental analysis, 1H NMR, 31P NMR, fluorescence spectra and terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). These nine complexes were synthesized by the reactions of copper salts, diimine ligands and various of P-donor ligands through one-pot method. Single crystal X-ray diffraction reveals that complex 9 is of a simple mono-nuclear structure while complexes 6 and 7 are of dimer structures. For complex 8, hydrogen bonds and C H⋯π interactions lead to the formation of a 1D infinite chain structure. Interestingly, complexes 1–5 show novel 2D or 3D network structures through C H⋯π interactions. In addition, complexes 1–3 and 6–9 exhibit interesting fluorescence in the solid state at room temperature. Among the nine complexes, complex 1 shows the highest quantum yield up to 37% and the lifetime of 1 is 6.0 μs. The terahertz (THz) time-domain spectra of these complexes were also studied.

Vortices have been regarded as the building blocks and muscles of turbulence for a long time. To better describe and analyze vortices or vortical structures, recently a new physical quantity called Liutex (previously named Rortex) is introduced to present the rigid rotation part of fluid motion (Liu et al. 2018). Since turbulence is closely related to the vortex, it can be postulated that there exists no turbulence without Liutex. According to direct numerical simulations (DNS) and experiments, forest of hairpin vortices has been found in transitional and low Reynolds number turbulent flows, while one-leg vortices are predominant in full developed turbulent flows. This paper demonstrates that the hairpin vortex is unstable. The hairpin vortex will be weakened or lose one leg by the shear and Liutex interaction, based on the Liutex definition and mathematical analysis without any physical assumptions. The asymmetry of the vortex is caused by the interaction of symmetric shear and symmetric Liutex since the smaller element of a pair of vorticity elements determines the rotational strength. For a 2-D fluid rotation, if a disturbance shear effects the larger element, the rotation strength will not be changed, but if the disturbance shear effects the smaller element, the rotation strength will be immediately changed due to the definition of the Liutex strength. For a rigid rotation, if the shearing part of the vorticity and Liutex present the same directions, e.g., clockwise, the Liutex strength will not be changed. If the shearing part of the vorticity and Liutex present different directions, e.g., one clockwise and another counterclockwise, the Liutex strength will be weakened. Consequently, the hairpin vortex could lose the symmetry and even deform to a one-leg vortex. The one-leg vortex cannot keep balance, and the chaotic motion and flow fluctuation are doomed. This is considered as the mathematical foundation of turbulence formation. The DNS results of boundary layer transition are used to justify this theory.

Six core issues for vortex definition and identification concern with (1) the absolute strength, (2) the relative strength, (3) the rotational axis, (4) the vortex core center, (5) the vortex core size, and (6) the vortex boundary (Liu C. 2019). However, most of the currently popular vortex identification methods, including the Q criterion, the λ2 criterion and the λci criterion et al, are Eulerian local region-type vortex identification criteria and can only approximately identify the vortex boundary by somewhat arbitrary threshold. On the other hand, the existing Eulerian local line-type methods, which seek to extract line-type features such as vortex core line, are not entirely satisfactory since most of these methods are based on vorticity or pressure minimum that will fail in many cases. The key issue is the lack of a reasonable mathematical definition for vortex core center. To address this issue, a Liutex (previously named Rortex) based definition of vortex core center is proposed in this paper. The vortex core center, also called vortex rotation axis line here, is defined as a line where the Liutex magnitude gradient vector is aligned with the Liutex vector, which mathematically implies that the cross product of the Liutex magnitude gradient vector and the Liutex vector on the line is equal to zero. Based on this definition, a novel three-step method for extracting vortex rotation axis lines is presented. Two test cases, namely the Burgers vortex and hairpin vortices, are examined to justify the proposed method. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can successfully identify vortex rotation axis lines without any user-specified threshold, so that the proposed method is very straightforward, robust and efficient.

In the present study, the physical meaning of vorticity is revisited based on the Liutex-Shear (RS) decomposition proposed by Liu et al. in the framework of Liutex (previously called Rortex), a vortex vector field with information of both rotation axis and swirling strength (Liu et al. 2018). It is demonstrated that the vorticity in the direction of rotational axis is twice the spatial mean angular velocity in the small neighborhood around the considered point while the imaginary part of the complex eigenvalue (λci) of the velocity gradient tensor (if exist) is the pseudo-time average angular velocity of a trajectory moving circularly or spirally around the axis. In addition, an explicit expression of the Liutex vector in terms of the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of velocity gradient is obtained for the first time from above understanding, which can further, though mildly, accelerate the calculation and give more physical comprehension of the Liutex vector.

A new vortex identification method (Liu et al. 2016) was proposed to represent the rotation relative strength and capture and visualize the vortices in our previous study. The basic idea of the Ω method is that a ratio of the vorticity squared over the summation of the vorticity squared and the deformation squared should be used to measure the relative rotation strength. However, the vorticity tensor norm is not objective. Thus, a moving observer will observe different vortex structures in a moving reference frame, which will make people confused with the real vortex structures. In the present study, by the definitions of the net spin tensor and net vorticity vector, an objective omega vortex identification method is presented and the examples are presented to verify the vortex structures will still retain in a moving reference frame.

In the new vortex identification method (Liu et al. 2016) to represent the rotation level and capture and visualize the vortices, proposed in our previous study, the independence of the reference frame and the Galilean invariant were not proved. In the present study, the Galilean invariance of the omega vortex identification method is proved and several examples are presented to verify the conclusion.

A vortex is intuitively recognized as the rotational/swirling motion of fluids, but a rigorous and universally-accepted definition is still not available. Vorticity tube/filament has been regarded equivalent to a vortex since Helmholtz proposed the concepts of vorticity tube/filament in 1858 and the vorticity-based methods can be categorized as the first generation of vortex identification methods. During the last three decades, a lot of vortex identification methods, including Q, Δ, λ2 and λci criteria, have been proposed to overcome the problems associated with the vorticity-based methods. Most of these criteria are based on the Cauchy-Stokes decomposition and/or eigenvalues of the velocity gradient tensor and can be considered as the second generation of vortex identification methods. Starting from 2014, the Vortex and Turbulence Research Team at the University of Texas at Arlington (the UTA team) focus on the development of a new generation of vortex identification methods. The first fruit of this effort, a new omega (Ω) vortex identification method, which defined a vortex as a connected region where the vorticity overtakes the deformation, was published in 2016. In 2017 and 2018, a Liutex (previously called Rortex) vector was proposed to provide a mathematical definition of the local rigid rotation part of the fluid motion, including both the local rotational axis and the rotational strength. Liutex/Rortex is a new physical quantity with scalar, vector and tensor forms exactly representing the local rigid rotation of fluids. Meanwhile, a decomposition of the vorticity to a rotational part namely Liutex/Rortex and an anti-symmetric shear part (RS decomposition) was introduced in 2018, and a universal decomposition of the velocity gradient tensor to a rotation part (R) and a non-rotation part (NR) was also given in 2018 as a counterpart of the traditional Cauchy-Stokes decomposition. Later in early 2019, a Liutex/Rortex based Omega method called Omega-Liutex, which combines the respective advantages of both Liutex/Rortex and Omega methods, was developed. And a latest objective Omega method, which is still under development, is also briefly introduced. These advances are classified as the third generation of vortex identification methods in the current paper. To elaborate the advantages of the third-generation methods, six core issues for vortex definition and identification have been raised, including: (1) the absolute strength, (2) the relative strength, (3) the rotational axis, (4) the vortex core center location, (5) the vortex core size, (6) the vortex boundary. The new third generation of vortex identification methods can provide reasonable answers to these questions, while other vortex identification methods fail to answer all questions except for the approximation of vortex boundaries. The purpose of the current paper is to summarize the main ideas and methods of the third generation of vortex identification methods rather than to conduct a comprehensive review on the historical development of vortex identification methods.

A series of rare earth complexes containing (α-PW

Due to the shortage of phosphate and the eutrophication caused by phosphorus pollution, it is urgent to recover phosphate from wastewater. Given their high adsorption capacity and convenient separation from water to which a magnetic field is applied, ferrite composites have received increasing attention for phosphate recovery. In this study, Spinel La@MgFe

The premise of analyzing and researching robot technology is to establish a proper mathematical model and then to solve it with kinematics. In this study, a self-developed humanoid hydraulically driven dual-arm robot is taken as the research object, and the DH (Denavit–Hartenberg) parameter method and the rotational exponential formula (POE) are used to solve the kinematics of the robot. The calculation results are verified by simulation. The advantages and disadvantages of the two methods are analyzed. The differences between the two methods are compared. It lays a foundation for other scholars to choose mathematical models when analyzing the mechanism in the future.

Water pollution, which continuously threatens human health and the sustainable development of society, has become a major concern. Photocatalytic degradation is an effective strategy to remove organic dyes from wastewater. For this strategy, it is crucial to select the appropriate catalyst. Using triphenylphosphine oxide (OPPh3) as the ligand, phosphomolybdic acid as the anion template, three new lanthanide complexes [Ln(OPPh3)4(H2O)3](PMo12O40)∙4C2H5OH (1–3) (Ln = Sm, Gd, Tb) were synthesized. The raw materials for the reaction are cheap and readily available. The convenient synthesis method is environmentally friendly, with high yield (70%–80%). Complexes 1–3 are all seven-coordinated mononuclear structures centered on lanthanide ions, [PMo12O40]3- anions and solvent molecules are not coordinated with metal ions. These mononuclear structures eventually form complicated 3D supramolecular structures through hydrogen bonds, Mo–O … π or C–H … π weak interactions. Complexes 1–3 photocatalytic degradation of MB have high removal rates, as catalysts have enough stability to be reused, and can be used as excellent catalysts for the degradation of dye molecules in sewage. Among them, the removal rate of MB by photodegradation of complex 2 was highest (99.50%). In addition, the effects of different initial concentrations of MB solution and different types of organic dyes on the photocatalysis experiment were investigated. The photocatalytic reaction mechanism of complexes 1–3 was also studied. Due to the similar structures of complexes 1–3, they have almost the same THz absorption spectra with different absorption intensity, which may be attributed to the difference of the number of weak interactions. Therefore, terahertz spectroscopy can be used as a sensitive method to distinguish and determine small differences between lanthanide-organic complexes. This is the first time that this spectrum has been used to characterize lanthanide phosphine oxide complexes modified by [PMo12O40]3-.

Objectives Urinary stem cells (USCs) have the capacity for unlimited growth and are promising tools for the investigations of cell differentiation and urinary regeneration. However, the limited life span significantly restricts their usefulness. This study is aimed at exploring the effect of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) on the smooth muscle cells (SMCs) differentiation of the dog USCs and investigating its molecular mechanism. Methods An immortalized USCs cell line with the molecular markers and biological functions was prepared. After successfully inducing the differentiation of USCs into SMCs, the expression level of the unique key factor and its mechanisms in this process was determined through real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, or Immunofluorescence staining. Results We found that high cell density promoted USCs differentiation SMCs, and ILK was necessary for USCs differentiation into SMCs. Knocking down ILK decreased the expression of SMCs specific-marker, while using a selective ILK agonist increased the expression of SMCs specific-marker. Furthermore, ILK regulated SMCs differentiation in part through the activation of NF-κB pathway in USCs. A NF-κB activity assay showed overexpression of ILK could significantly upregulate NF-κB p50 expression, and NF-κB p50 acts as downstream signal molecular of ILK. Conclusion High cell density induces the differentiation of USCs into SMCs, and ILK is a key regulator of myogenesis. Furthermore, NF-κB signaling pathway might play a crucial role in this process.

The synthesis of four heteroleptic dinuclear Cu(i) complexes bearing tetraphosphine and diimine ligands was reported. Complexes 1-3 were successfully obtained through microwave synthesis while complex 4 was synthesized through traditionally stirring at room temperature. These complexes are listed as follows: [Cu2(Dpq)2(dppeda)](ClO4)2·1.5CH2Cl2 (1), [Cu2(neo)2(dppeda)](ClO4)2·1.3CH2Cl2·1.7C4H10O (2), [Cu2(batho)2(dppeda)](ClO4)2·C4H10O (3), and [Cu2(batho)2(dpppda)](ClO4)2·3CH2Cl2 (4) {(Dpq = pyrazino[2,3-f][1,10]phenanthroline, batho = 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, neo = 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline, dppeda = N1,N1,N2,N2-tetrakis[(diphenylphosphino)methyl]-1,2-ethanediamine, and dpppda = N1,N1,N4,N4-tetrakis[(diphenylphosphino)methyl]-1,4-benzenediamine}. Their crystal structures have been elucidated by X-ray crystallography and their photophysical properties have been investigated in detail. Photophysical studies and time domain density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations show that the luminescence performance of these four complexes is ascribed to metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) mixed with ligand-to-ligand charge transfer (LLCT), and complex 2 shows green emission at 574 nm with the highest quantum yield of up to 52.80%. In addition, the research of photoluminescence properties under the guidance of terahertz spectroscopy technology leads to the preliminary discovery of a correlation between crystal packing and luminescence. It is found that the terahertz spectrum and absorption peak are strongly interdependent on C-Hπ and ππ interactions, and the external weak interactions have negative effects on the luminescence performance. Herein, we predict that the terahertz spectroscopy analysis establishes a bridge between weak interactions (C-Hπ and ππ interactions) and the photoluminescence properties, and puts forward a problem that should be noticed in designing Cu(i) complexes.

To observe the prevention effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) for chemotherapy-related myelosuppression in non-small cell lung cancer.A total of 102 patients with non-small cell lung cancer who received initial chemotherapy were randomly divided into a conventional group, a medication group and a TEAS group, 34 cases in each one. The conventional group was treated with chemotherapy of gemcitabine combined with cisplatin and given routine care. On the basis of conventional group's treatment, the medication group was givenCompared with before chemotherapy, the leukocyte counts of three groups were decreased at various time points after chemotherapy (Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation can prevent chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression (leukocyte, platelets) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer and improve patient comfort situation.

β-galactosidases, commonly referred to as lactases, are used for producing lactose-free dairy products. Lactases are usually purified from microbial sources, which is a costly process. Here, we explored the potential that lies in using whole cells of a food-grade dairy lactic acid bacterium, Streptococcus thermophilus, as a substitute for purified lactase. We found that S. thermophilus cells, when treated with the antimicrobial peptide nisin, were able to hydrolyze lactose efficiently. The rate of hydrolysis increased with temperature; however, above 50 °C, stability was compromised. Different S. thermophilus strains were tested, and the best candidate was able to hydrolyze 80% of the lactose in a 50 g/L solution in 4 h at 50 °C, using only 0.1 g/L cells (dry weight basis). We demonstrated that it was possible to grow the cell catalyst on dairy waste, and furthermore, that a cell-free supernatant of a culture of a nisin-producing Lactococcus lactis strain could be used instead of purified nisin, which reduced cost of use significantly. Finally, we tested the cell catalysts in milk, where lactose also was efficiently hydrolyzed. The method presented is natural and low-cost, and allows for production of clean-label and lactose-free dairy products without using commercial enzymes from recombinant microorganisms. KEY POINTS: • Nisin-permeabilized Streptococcus thermophilus cells can hydrolyze lactose efficiently. • A low-cost and more sustainable alternative to purified lactase enzymes. • Reduction of overall sugar content. • Clean-label production of lactose-free dairy products.

A series of rare earth complexes containing (α-PW12O40)3- and P O ligand are synthesized by water bath in 70 °C, [Ln(OPPh3)4(H2O)3](PW12O40)·4CH3CN (Ln = La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Ho 1–7) (OPPh3 = Triphenylphosphine oxide, {PW12} = phosphotungstic acid). The precise structures are confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and the result shows all complexes are isostructural. Complexes 1–7 are fully characterized by PXRD, FT-IR, TGA, UV diffuse reflectance spectra and terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). Complex 3 exhibits the highest photocatalytic degradation efficiency for methylene blue (MB) in this series of complexes. The experimental results showed that the photodegradation efficiency can remain constant at the level of 95% after five consecutive cycles. The photocatalytic reaction kinetics and mechanism of complexes were investigated. Additionally, complexes also exhibit photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity. THz-TDS was used to characterize the complexes and its raw materials, the characteristic peaks of OPPh3 (broad peak at 1.20 THz) and phosphotungstic acid (sharp peaks at 0.23, 0.32 THz) were obtained.

With the development of endoscopic technique, Caldwell-Luc approach has more wide applications and becomes a common method of pterygopalatine fossa (PPF) surgery. Few data can be used in this approach to avoid injuring the vessels and nerves within this area. In this study, the authors used computed tomography to get the coordinates of inferior orbital fissure, foramen rotundum, sphenopalatine foramen, internal opening of pterygoid canal, the strangulation of PPF, and the greater palatine foramen with canine fossa as the origin. Parameters of 60 patients (120 observations) between 35 and 55 years who have no experience of trauma or surgery before were involved in this study. The data were analyzed by SPSS, statistical software with the comparison between sexes and sides. After calculating the relative distances and angles between these points and canine fossa, the authors get the proportions of the upper part of PPF, and the pterygopalatine canal to PPF, respectively. The authors finally got the safety surgical range. The results are meaningful to safety in surgery and complication avoidance, which can be great references in clinical applications.

Good application of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) on uranium adsorption has attracted increasing attention recently. MIL-53(Al)-AO, synthesized by introducing amidoxime groups to MIL-53(Al)-NH2 aimed to adsorb U(VI), was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis and fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy. The sorption capacity of MIL-53(Al)-AO for U(VI) in aqueous solutions has been enhanced to 2.36 times compared with MIL-53(Al)-NH2 at pH 6.0 under the same conditions according to the experimental results, possibly due to the strong chelation of amidoxime. Effects of contact time, pH, interfering ions, and U(VI) concentration on the sorption of U(VI) for MIL-53(Al)-AO were also investigated. The sorption was strongly dependent on pH and independent of coexist ions. Result of this study shows that the MIL-53(Al)-AO was a kind of potential material to enrich U(VI) from aqueous solutions, and amidoxime could be introduced to MOFs sorbent by transforming the grafted amino groups on MIL-53(Al)-NH2.

In this work, five [Cu(dppp)(phen)]X complexes (X=BF4 ( 1 ), SO3CF3 ( 2 ), NO3 ( 3 ), SCN ( 4 ), I ( 5 )) have been synthesized from 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) and 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane (dppp) ligands, which show strong phosphorescence between 560–600 nm in the solid state at room temperature. Complexes 1 – 5 show a broad solid state emission in the green region of the spectrum. As commendable emitter, complex 5 exhibits extraordinary quantum yield ( Φ p) as high as 18% with lifetime ( τ p) of 10.1–11.2 μs at room temperature. Time-dependent density functional theory calculation (TD-DFT) was performed on complexes 1 ~ 5 to rationalize their experimental absorption and emission spectra. Complex 2 displays a favorable π - π stacking and can be simplified as two-dimensional topology.

C61H52Ag2N2O6P2, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 14.4634(11) Å, b = 17.7866(18) Å, c = 20.5509(19) Å, V = 5286.8(8) Å3, Z = 4, R gt(F) = 0.0424, wR ref(F 2) = 0.0997, T = 298(2) K.

Adsorption is an economical and effective method for recovering phosphate from wastewater. In order to improve the adsorption capacity of Fe

We extend the ordinary binomial theorem to the case which involves two-variable Hermite polynomials in the context of quantum optics, and analytically obtain several new generalized binomial theorems whose results exactly equal the single- or two-mode Hermite polynomials. As their applications in the field of quantum optics, we analytically prove that the multiple-photon-subtracted squeezed state ambnesa†b†+ra†+tb† |00⟩ is equivalent to the Hermite-polynomial-weighted quantum state serving as an easily produced non-Gaussian entangled information resource, and the Wigner functions of spin coherent states and their marginal distributions are respectively the Laguerre polynomials and the Hermite polynomials.

UIO-66 and UIO-66-NH2 were synthesized by a solvent thermal method, and their textures were characterized. The adsorption selectivity, kinetics, isotherms, and mechanism of the two MOFs in a single solute system for phenol, 4-nitrophenol, 2,4-dinitrophenol, and 2,4,6-trinitrophenol were studied. At pH 4.0, the two MOFs exhibited a greater adsorption capacity for 2,4-dinitrophenol than for other nitrophenols; however, at lower substrate concentrations (C0 < 100 mg/L), the adsorption capacity of UiO-66-NH2 for 2,4-dinitrophenol was greater than that of UiO-66. The study of the adsorption mechanism showed that the electrostatic attraction is the main way in which UIO-66 and UiO-66-NH2 adsorb nitrophenols. Moreover, there was π-electron accumulation at a certain angle between the benzene ring of the adsorbents and the benzene ring of nitrophenols, whereas UiO-66-NH2 could also combine the nitrophenols through the hydrogen bonds originating from the amino groups. The fitting results of adsorption data showed t...

To study the clinical application value of the penile erectile strength measurement (PESM) band in the differentiation of psychogenic from organic erectile dysfunction (ED).Eighty ED patients unable to achieve or maintain adequate penile erection to complete sexual intercourse were included in the experimental group and another 40 healthy subjects with normal erectile function enrolled as controls. The ED cases were classified into mild, moderate and severe ED according to the IIEF-5 scores and divided into psychogenic and organic ED based on the results of the nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT) test. Then all the subjects underwent a three-night continuous monitoring with the PESM band and, according to the band fracture rate, the ED cases were also classified into psychogenic and organic ED. The rates of missed diagnosis, misdiagnosis and diagnostic coincidence of PESM were calculated with the results of NPT as the standard for differentiating psychogenic from organic ED.The results of NPT tests revealed 51 cases of psychogenic and 29 cases of organic ED in the experimental group. The band fracture rate in PESM was 95.0% in the mild, 80.9% in the moderate and 52.8% in the severe ED patients. Of the 51 cases of psychogenic ED detected by NPT test, 43 were diagnosed as psychogenic and the other 8 as organic ED with the PESM band, with a coincidence rate of 84.3%. Of the 29 cases of organic ED revealed by NPT test, 5 were diagnosed as psychogenic and the other 24 as organic ED by PESM, with a coincidence rate of 82.8%. Normal erectile function with three-level fracture of the band was observed in the PESM of the normal controls, which showed a coincidence rate of 100% with the results of NPT tests. Based on the standard of the NPT test, the rates of missed diagnosis, misdiagnosis and diagnostic coincidence of the PESM band in differentiating psychogenic from organic ED were 15.7%, 17.2%, and 83.8%, respectively, with a Kappa value of 0.656 (P0.05).The penile erectile strength measurement band can be used as a screening tool for initial differentiation of psychogenic from organic ED.目的： 研究阴茎勃起强度测量带在鉴别心理性勃起功能障碍（ED）和器质性ED的临床应用价值。方法： 通过病史、体格检查、国际勃起功能指数问卷(IIEF-5)和夜间阴茎勃起功能(NPT)检测, 选取80例以“阴茎持续不能达到或维持足够的勃起以完成满意的性生活”为主诉的患者作为试验组；40例勃起功能正常的健康婚检者作为对照组。根据IIEF-5评分，将试验组分为轻度ED、中度ED和重度ED 3类，同时根据NPT检测结果将试验组分心理性ED及器质性ED。随后应用阴茎勃起强度测量带对所有研究对象连续检测3晚，根据条带断裂结果将试验组分为心理性ED及器质性ED,比较2种诊断方法的符合率。最后以NPT结果为评估标准，统计分析阴茎勃起强度测量带鉴别心理性ED和器质性ED的漏诊率、误诊率及总符合率。结果： NPT检测发现试验组中心理性ED 51例，器质性ED共29例；阴茎勃起强度测量带检测发现试验组中轻度ED患者断带率为95.0%，中度为80.9%，重度为52.8%；NPT检测心理性ED患者应用阴茎勃起强度测量带连续检测3晚，诊断为心理性ED 43例，诊断为器质性ED 8例，2种诊断方法的符合率为84.3%；器质性ED患者应用阴茎勃起强度测量带连续检测3晚，诊断为心理性ED 5例，诊断为器质性ED 24例，2种诊断方法的符合率为82.8%；NPT检测对照组均考虑为正常勃起；阴茎勃起强度测量带连续检测3晚均可见3档全断裂，2种方法诊断符合率为100%。以NPT结果为评估标准，阴茎勃起强度测量带鉴别心理性ED和器质性ED的漏诊率为15.7%，误诊率为17.2%，总符合率为83.8%。Kappa值为0.656，P0.05。结论： 阴茎勃起强度测量带可作为鉴别心理性ED和器质性ED的初筛工具。.

To investigate the association of circumcision with the incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in men.We collected the samples from the surface of the coronal sulcus, glans penis, penile shaft and scrotum of 351 males examined for HPV infection in our hospital from January 2016 to August 2017, of whom 118 had received circumcision while the other 233 had not. We compared the incidence rate of HPV infection between the circumcision and non-circumcision groups and analyzed the association of the age of circumcision with the incidence of HPV infection.HPV infection was found in 135 (38.46%) of the males, 29 (24.58%) in the circumcision group and 106 (45.49%) in the non-circumcision group, significantly lower in the former than in the latter (χ² = 14.48, P0.01). The incidence rate of HPV infection was also remarkably lower in the males circumcised at ≤17 years (13.16% ［5/38］) than in those circumcised at17 years of age (30.0% ［24/80］) (χ² = 3.942, P = 0.047).Male circumcision helps reduce the incidence rate of HPV infection in men and earlier surgery may achieve even better effect.目的: 观察包皮环切术对男性人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染的影响。方法: 选取2016年1月至2017年8月我院门诊351例HPV检测男性患者，收集每例患者的阴茎头、阴茎体和阴囊部位分泌物送检。分析患者行包皮环切与HPV感染率之间的相关性，以及进一步分析行包皮环切术时的年龄对HPV感染的影响。 结果： 351例中HPV感染为135例（38.46%），其中观察组（已行包皮环切术组）HPV感染29例(24.58%)，对照组（未行包皮环切术组）106例(45.49%)，观察组HPV感染率明显低于对照组，两者差异具有统计学意义（χ²=14.48，P0.01）。进一步发现，在观察组中，年龄≤17岁行包皮环切术组HPV感染为5例（13.16%），明显低于年龄17岁手术组感染的24 例(30.0%)，差异具有统计学意义（χ²=3.942，P = 0.047）。 结论： 包皮环切术能明显降低男性HPV感染率，并且较早进行包皮环切术效果更显著。.