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Ferroelectric materials are fascinating for their non-volatile switchable electric polarizations induced by the spontaneous inversion-symmetry breaking. However, in all of the conventional ferroelectric compounds, at least two constituent ions are required to support the polarization switching1,2. Here, we report the observation of a single-element ferroelectric state in a black phosphorus-like bismuth layer3, in which the ordered charge transfer and the regular atom distortion between sublattices happen simultaneously. Instead of a homogenous orbital configuration that ordinarily occurs in elementary substances, we found the Bi atoms in a black phosphorous-like Bi monolayer maintain a weak and anisotropic sp orbital hybridization, giving rise to the inversion-symmetry-broken buckled structure accompanied with charge redistribution in the unit cell. As a result, the in-plane electric polarization emerges in the Bi monolayer. Using the in-plane electric field produced by scanning probe microscopy, ferroelectric switching is further visualized experimentally. Owing to the conjugative locking between the charge transfer and atom displacement, we also observe the anomalous electric potential profile at the 180° tail-to-tail domain wall induced by competition between the electronic structure and electric polarization. This emergent single-element ferroelectricity broadens the mechanism of ferroelectrics and may enrich the applications of ferroelectronics in the future.

With the rapid changes in the field of information, the research and development of optical storage materials with high security and large storage capacity is particularly important in the development of contemporary society. However, conventional memory materials with static fluorescent outputs have the disadvantages of easy simulation and forgery, which limits their practical application in the protection of confidential information. In this research, a dual-stimuli-responsive intelligent fluorescent material based on a Tb3+ and Eu3+ ions doped layered lanthanide hydroxide (LYH:EuxTb1–xDPA) was fabricated, which can realize reversible multi-color luminescence conversion (from green to red) by varying the pH and temperature. Combined with the Morse code and security pattern, the multiple encryption and decryption of confidential information and anti-counterfeiting can also be realized. Therefore, the obtained intelligent fluorescent material has a great application prospect for information security. In addition, due to the excellent color tunability, the material can provide the possibility to obtain potential fingerprints with high contrast and no background interference on different color substrates. The unique dual-stimuli-responsive behavior of this material provides more ingenious design inspiration for the design of multi-color intelligent fluorescent devices.

In the present study, the excretion of four active components(qingyangshengenin, deacylmetaplexigenin, baishouwu benzophenone, and scopoletin) in Cynanchum auriculatum extract in the urine and feces of normal and functional dyspepsia(FD) rats was investigated. Rats were divided into a normal group and an FD model group. The FD model was induced by oral administration of ice hydrochloric acid combined with irregular feeding. The C. auriculatum extract was administered orally at a dose of 1 g·kg~(-1). The rat urine and feces were collected at 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, and 84 h for UPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis. The differences in excretion of the four components were compared between normal and FD rats. The results showed that except for the baishouwu benzophenone in the feces, the components such as qingyangshengenin in the urine and feces did not reach the plateau value within 84 h. Qingyangshengenin was mainly excreted through defecation, and the cumulative excretion rates in the normal state and FD were 0.32% and 0.66%, respectively. Deacylmetaplexigenin was mainly excreted through urination, and the cumulative excretion rates in the normal state and FD were 6.70% and 7.56%, respectively. Baishouwu benzophenone was mainly excreted through defecation in the normal state, but mainly excreted through urination in the FD state, with cumulative excretion rates of 0.41% and 0.52%, respectively. Scopoletin was mainly excreted through urination, with cumulative excretion rates of 0.83% and 2.13% in the normal state and FD, respectively. In general, the components were mainly excreted in the urine in the FD state. Compared with the normal group, the FD group showed decreased cumulative excretion rates of qingyangshengenin, baishouwu benzophenone, and scopoletin in the urine(Plt;0.05). Therefore, FD had a certain influence on the excretion of the main components of C. auriculatum extract, and the excretion of each component through urination and defecation was low, suggesting that there might be a wide range of metabolic pathways after oral administration and components were mainly excreted in the form of metabolites. This experiment provides a reference for the new drug development and clinical application of C. auriculatum.

The present study aimed to investigate the intestinal absorption characteristics of six components(syringic acid, scopoletin, baishouwu benzophenone, caudatin, qingyangshengenin, and deacylmetaplexigenin) in Cynanchum auriculatum extract. In situ intestinal circulation perfusion model was employed to investigate the differences in intestinal absorption characteristics of C. auriculatum extract under the influence of different intestinal segments, different drug concentrations, and bile in the normal and functional dyspepsia(FD) states. The results showed that the absorption of baishouwu benzophenone decreased with the increase in the concentration of C. auriculatum extract(Plt;0.01), while the absorption of syringic acid and other components increased in a dose-independent manner, suggesting that baishouwu benzophenone might follow active absorption, while other components might not be on a single absorption pattern. The main absorption sites of each component in the normal state were different from those in the FD state. The cumulative absorption conversion rates in the FD state were generally lower than those in the normal state, and bile inhibited the absorption of other components except for scopoletin in both states(Plt;0.05). As revealed, the small intestine showed selectivity to the absorption of drugs, and the pathological state(such as FD) and bile both affected the absorption of the main components, which provides a theoretical basis for the development of new drugs and further development of C. auriculatum.

Thinning crystalline materials to two dimensions (2D) creates a rich playground for electronic phases, including charge, spin, superconducting, and topological order. Bulk materials hosting charge density waves (CDWs), when reduced to ultrathin films, have shown CDW enhancement and tunability. However, charge order confined to only 2D remains elusive. Here we report a distinct charge ordered state emerging in the monolayer limit of $1T$-VSe$_2$. Systematic scanning tunneling microscopy experiments reveal that bilayer VSe$_2$ largely retains the bulk electronic structure, hosting a tri-directional CDW. However, monolayer VSe$_2$ -- consistently across distinct substrates -- exhibits a dimensional crossover, hosting two CDWs with distinct wavelengths and transition temperatures. Electronic structure calculations reveal that while one CDW is bulk-like and arises from the well-known Peierls mechanism, the other is decidedly unconventional. The observed CDW-lattice decoupling and the emergence of a flat band suggest that the new CDW could arise from enhanced electron-electron interactions in the 2D limit. These findings establish monolayer-VSe$_2$ as a host of coexisting charge orders with distinct origins, and enable the tailoring of electronic phenomena via emergent interactions in 2D materials., 8 pages, 5 figures

Owing to its inherent non-trivial geometry, the unique structural motif of the recently discovered kagome topological superconductor AV

A multicolor fluorescent nanoprobe has been prepared by loading bovine serum albumin-stabilized copper nanoclusters (BSA-Cu NCs) onto amino clay (AC) and grafting Eu

The study investigated the difference of intestinal absorption characteristics of root tuber of Cynanchum auriculatum extract between normal and functional dyspepsia(FD) model rats with everted intestine sac model.The content of syringic acid, scopoletin, caudatin, baishouwu benzophenone, qingyangshengenin and deacyhmetaplexigenin in the C.auriculatum extract in different intestinal segments was detected by UPLC-MS/MS.The cumulative absorption amount(Q) and absorption rate constant(K_a) of the six chemical constituents were calculated.The results showed that the six components could be absorbed into the intestinal sac and were unsaturated, which indicated that the absorption mechanism of scopoletin was active transport in the intestine, while that of the other five components were passive diffusion.For normal group, the syringic acid and baishouwu benzophenone in ileum, qingyangshengenin and deacyhmetaplexigenin in ileum and duodenum, and caudatin in colon were well absorbed and scopoletin at low, medium and high concentrations was found excellent absorption in jejunum, ileum, and colon, respectively.Whereas the best absorption site of each component was ileum in model group.The absorption characteristics of each component between normal group and model group were complex at different concentrations, showing inconsistent tendency of absorption, which suggested that the components of root tuber of C.auriculatum extract were selectively absorbed in small intestine, and the absorption characteristics of the six components could be changed under FD status.This study provided theoretical basis for the clinical drug application and development of root tuber of C.auriculatum.

A novel multicolor fluorescent nano-probe based on the hybridization of Tb

The degree of buckling of two-dimensional (2D) materials can have a dramatic impact on their corresponding electronic structures. Antimonene (β-phase), a new 2D material with air stability and promising electronic properties, has been engineered to adopt flat or two-heights-buckling geometries by employing different supporting substrates for epitaxial growth. However, studies of the antimonene monolayer with a more buckled configuration are still lacking. Here, we report the synthesis of an antimonene monolayer with a three-heights-buckling configuration overlaid on SbAg2 surface alloy-covered Ag(111) by molecular beam epitaxy, in which the underlying surface alloy provides interfacial interactions to modulate the structure of the antimonene monolayer. The atomic structure of the synthesized antimonene has been precisely identified through a combination of low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and density functional theory calculations. The successful fabrication of a buckled antimonene monolayer could provide a promising way to modulate the structures of 2D materials for future electronic and optoelectronic applications.

Exposure to oxygen alters the physical and chemical properties of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). In particular, oxygen in the ambient may influence the device stability of 2D TMDs over time. Engineering the doping of 2D TMDs, especially hole doping is highly desirable towards their device function. Herein, controllable oxygen-induced p-type doping in a range of hexagonal (MoTe2, WSe2, MoSe2 and PtSe2) and pentagonal (PdSe2) 2D TMDs are demonstrated. Scanning tunneling microscopy, electrical transport and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy are used to probe the origin of oxygen-derived hole doping. Three mechanisms are postulated that contribute to the hole doping in 2D TMDs, namely charge transfer from absorbed oxygen molecules, surface oxides, and chalcogen atom substitution. This work provides insights into the doping effects of oxygen, enabling the engineering of 2D TMDs properties for nanoelectronic applications.

Atomic-scale defects in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) often dominate their physical and chemical properties. Introducing defects in a controllable manner can tailor properties of TMDs. For example, chalcogen atom defects in TMDs were reported to trigger phase transition, induce ferromagnetism, and drive superconductivity. However, reported strategies to induce chalcogen atom defects including postgrowth annealing, laser irradiation, or plasma usually require high temperature (such as 500 °C) or cause unwanted structural damage. Here, we demonstrate low-temperature (60 °C) partial surface oxidation in 2D PdSe2 with low disorder and good stability. The combination of scanning tunneling microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations provide evidence of atomic-scale partial oxidation with both atomic resolution and chemical sensitivity. We also experimentally demonstrate that this controllable oxygen incorporation effectively tailors the electronic, optoelectronic, and catalytic activity of PdSe2. This work provides a pathway toward fine-tuning the physical and chemical properties of 2D TMDs and their applications in nanoelectronics, optoelectronics, and electrocatalysis.

A family of new dinuclear lanthanide complexes as the simplest entities showing intramolecular magnetic interactions, [Ln2(dbm)2(L)2(CH3OH)2] (Ln = Tb (1), Dy (2), Ho (3), Er (4), Yb (5), Lu (6)), [Ln2(acac)2(L)2(EtOH)2] (Ln = Dy (7), Er (8)), [Dy2(TTA)2(L)2(CH3OH)2]·2CH2Cl2 (9) and [Dy2(tfa)2(L)2(CH3OH)2] (10) (H2L = N'-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-pyrazine-2-carbohydrazide, Hdbm = 1,3-diphenyl-1,3-propanedione, Hacac = acetylacetone, HTTA = 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone, Htfa = trifluoroacetylacetone), were constructed successfully by the reaction of a Schiff base ligand H2L and four different β-diketonate salts. As for complexes 4, 5 and 8, all exhibit the characteristic emission peaks of the corresponding Er3+, Yb3+ and Er3+ ions, respectively. Meanwhile, the excitation wavelength (510 nm) of 5 is located in the visible region, confirming its significant potential application value. Magnetic studies indicate that complexes 9 and 10 exhibit characteristic slow relaxation of magnetization with the energy barriers (Ueff) of 102 K for 9 and 140 K for 10 under a zero dc field. Under the optimized dc fields, slow magnetic relaxations are present in 2 and 7, and the Ueff values of 9 and 10 have been improved. This proves that the β-diketonate co-ligands deserve an important role in regulating Dy-SMMs influenced by the diverse perturbations of the axial crystal field originating from minor changes in the coordination environment.

Seven phenoxo–O and carbonyl–O bridged dinuclear rare earth complexes have been assembled utilizing 3-methoxysalicylaldehyde-2-aminobenzoylhydrazone (H2L) and three β-diketone ligands (Hdbm = 1,3-diphenyl-1,3-propanedione, Hacac = acetylacetone, Hbeac = 1-phenyl-1,3-butanedione): [RE2L(HL)(acac)3]·3CH3CH2OH (RE(III) = Eu (1), Tb (2), Dy (3), Ho (4), Er (5)), [Yb2L2(dbm)2(CH3OH)2]·CH3OH (6), [Dy2L(HL)(beac)3] (7). Complexes 5 and 6 show the characteristic emission peaks of the corresponding Er3+ and Yb3+ ions, respectively. Studies on the magnetic properties of the complexes reveal that complexes 3 and 7 exhibit slow magnetic relaxation behaviors, typical of SMM behaviors, resulting in an energy barrier of 140 K for 3 and 75 K for 7. Meanwhile, this research demonstrates that the magnetic properties can be modulated by subtle changes in the coordination environment resulting from the changes in the co-ligand substituents.

Thinning crystalline materials to two dimensions (2D) creates a rich playground for electronic phases, including charge, spin, superconducting, and topological order. Bulk materials hosting charge density waves (CDWs), when reduced to ultrathin films, have shown CDW enhancement and tunability. However, charge order confined to only 2D remains elusive. Here we report a distinct charge ordered state emerging in the monolayer limit of 1

Thickness-dependent magnetic behavior has previously been observed in chemical vapor deposition-grown chromium selenide. However, the low-dimensional structure in nonlayered chromium selenide, which plays a crucial role in determining the low-dimensional magnetic order, needs further study. Here, we report the structure-dependent magnetic properties in monolayer CrSe2 and Cr2Se3 grown by molecular beam epitaxy. In the monolayer CrSe2, 1T-CrSe2 with a lattice constant of 3.3 A has a metallic character, coexisting with the 1T″ phase with 2 × 2 surface periodicity. Monolayer CrSe2 can be transformed into Cr2Se3 with a lattice constant of 3.6 A by annealing at 300 °C. X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) measurements combined with DFT calculations reveal that while the MBE-grown monolayer CrSe2 is antiferromagnetic, monolayer Cr2Se3 is ferromagnetic with a Curie temperature of ∼200 K. This work demonstrates the structural diversity in nonlayered chromium selenide and the critical effect of different structures on its electronic and magnetic properties.

The realization of long-range magnetic ordering in 2D systems can potentially revolutionize next-generation information technology. Here, the successful fabrication of crystalline Cr3 Te4 monolayers with room temperature (RT) ferromagnetism is reported. Using molecular beam epitaxy, the growth of 2D Cr3 Te4 films with monolayer thickness is demonstrated at low substrate temperatures (≈100 °C), compatible with Si complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology. X-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements reveal a Curie temperature (Tc ) of v344 K for the Cr3 Te4 monolayer with an out-of-plane magnetic easy axis, which decreases to v240 K for the thicker film (≈7 nm) with an in-plane easy axis. The enhancement of ferromagnetic coupling and the magnetic anisotropy transition is ascribed to interfacial effects, in particular the orbital overlap at the monolayer Cr3 Te4 /graphite interface, supported by density-functional theory calculations. This work sheds light on the low-temperature scalable growth of 2D nonlayered materials with RT ferromagnetism for new magnetic and spintronic devices.

By introducing different ancillary ligands and solvent molecules, four lanthanide complexes [Yb2(L)2(acac)2(CH3OH)2]·CH3OH·H2O (1), [Lu2(L)2(acac)2(CH3OH)2]·2CH3OH (2), [Yb2(L)2(dbm)2(CH3OH)2]·CH3OH (3), and [Lu2(L)2(dbm)2(C2H5OH)2] (4) (where H2L = 2-(hydroxyimino)-2-[(5-methyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)methylene]hydrazide, Hacac = acetylacetonate and Hdbm = 1,3-diphenyl-1,3-propanedione) have been synthesized and characterized. The X-ray structural analyses show that complexes 1 and 2 are isostructural in the Triclinic system, space group Pī, complex 3 crystallizes in Monoclinic system, space group P21/c, and complex 4 crystallizes in Orthorhombic system, space group Pbca. The metal ions in complexes 1–4 are all eight-coordinated and show a similar distorted triangular dodecahedron coordination geometry. The fluorescence properties of complexes 1–4 were also investigated. Complexes 1 and 3 showed characteristic emission peaks of Yb(III) ion, while complexes 2 and 4 exhibited emission peaks consistent with that of the ligand when they were excited at the same wavelength.

The successful fabrication of a two-dimensional boron sheet, which features a triangular lattice with periodic hole arrays, has stimulated great interest in its specific structure as well as properties such as possible superconductivity. Here, we report a study on the vibrational spectra and electron–phonon coupling (EPC) in monolayer boron sheets by in situ Raman and tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) at low temperature and ultrahigh vacuum. The gap-mode TERS gives a 3 × 109 selective enhancement on vertical vibrational Raman modes. A spatial resolution of 1 nm is achieved in this system. Combined with first-principle calculations, the vibrational properties as well as EPC in borophene are determined. The results are helpful for further study on the mechanical, electronic, and possible superconducting properties of two-dimensional boron.

Atomically thin Bismuth (Bi) films are predicated to be candidates for high temperature quantum spin hall materials. Here, we reported the structural evolutions and the corresponding electronic properties of Bi ultrathin films on Au(111) at initial stage as a function of coverage using low-energy electron diffraction (LEED), scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and photoemission spectroscopy (PES). The small window for a stable two dimensional (2D) Bi in Kagome and honeycomb lattice on Au(111) has been optimized. LEED and STM results show that Bi atoms self-assemble into dimered (5 × 5) superdots, ( 37 × 37 ) R 25 . 3 ∘ in a Kagome lattice and (p × √3) stripes sequentially in the first monolayer regime and into bi-layered Bi (110) islands afterwards. UPS results show the disappearance of Au(111) surface states at coverage of 0.18 ML, revealing the Van der Waals interactions between Au(111) and Bi adatoms. The repulsive interactions between Bi atoms prevent the 2D Bi structure from islands forming at initial stage and benefit large domains in ( 37 × 37 ) R 25 . 3 ∘ Kagome lattice. Such 2D Bi may be interesting because of its relevance in terms of novel physical properties.

The reaction of 5-(2-furanimino)-8-hydroxylquinoline (HL) and RE(dbm)3·2H2O (Hdbm = 1,3-diphenyl-1,3-propanedione) afforded [RE4(dbm)4(L)6(μ3-OH)2] (RE = Y (1), Dy (2)), while under the same reaction conditions, but with the replacement of the co-ligand, another series of tetranuclear complexes, [RE4(acac)4(L)6(μ3-OH)2]·(CH3CN)n (n = 2 for RE = Y (3), Dy (4), Ho (5); n = 0 for RE = Tb (6); Hacac = acetylacetone), were obtained. Alternating current susceptibility measurements reveal that 2 displays single-molecule-magnet behavior with an effective energy barrier of Ueff = 117.4 K (τ0 = 1.79 × 10−8 s) under a zero direct-current field, while 4 presents two distinct slow magnetic relaxation processes with effective energy barriers of Ueff = 162.1 K for the fast relaxation (FR) process (τ0 = 8.53 × 10−11 s) and Ueff = 165.3 K for the slow relaxation (SR) process (τ0 = 1.14 × 10−9 s), which demonstrates that subtle changes of the coordination environment can drastically influence the overall magnetic properties.

Six lanthanide-containing complexes, with the structural formula of [Ln 4 (acac) 4 (L) 6 ( μ 3 -OH) 2 ]·m(CH 3 CN) (m= 2 for Ln = Lu ( 1 ); m= 0 for Ln = Eu ( 2 ); m= 1 for Ln = Er ( 3 ); m= 8 for Ln = Yb ( 4 )), [Eu 4 (dbm) 4 (L) 6 ( μ 3 -OH) 2 ]·CH 3 CN ( 5 ) and [Yb 2 (dbm) 4 (L) 2 ]·2CH 3 CN ( 6 ), were obtained and characterized by X-ray single crystal structure determination, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (HL = 5-(2-furanimino)-8-hydroxylquinoline). The solid-state near-infrared fluorescence was also tested. Complex 3 emits characteristic near-infrared luminescence of the corresponding Er 3+ ions when excited by ultraviolet spectrum of 350 nm, which demonstrates the efficient energy transfer from the excited triplet states of the ligands to the central Er 3+ ions.

Creating and manipulating multiple charge states of solitary defects in semiconductors is of essential importance for solitary defect electronics, but is fundamentally limited by Coulomb's law. Achieving this objective is challenging, due to the conflicting requirements of the localization necessary for the sizable band gap and delocalization necessary for a low charging energy. Here, using scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy experiments and first-principles calculations, we realized exotic quinary charge states of solitary defects in two-dimensional intermetallic semiconductor Sn2Bi. We also observed an ultralow defect charging energy that increases sublinearly with charge number rather than displaying the usual quadratic behavior. Our work suggests a promising route for constructing multiple defect-charge states by designing intermetallic semiconductors, and opens new opportunities for developing quantum devices with charge-based quantum states.

Aims Investigate the involvement of 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE), an anti-inflammatory molecule, on the beneficial effects of exercise therapy for osteoarthritis (OA). Main methods 15-HETE (10 μM, twice a week) and monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) (1 mg) were injected into rat knee joints. Treadmill exercise was applied on OA rat. Primary rat chondrocytes were treated with 15-HETE, LY294002 and interleukin (IL)-1β. Rats undergo a 1 hour single session treadmill exercise once. 15-HETE levels in the knee joint were evaluated using ELISA after a single session of treadmill exercise on healthy and OA rats. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)3, MMP-13, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif (ADAMTS)-5, p-Akt, Akt, and collagen type 2 (COL2) expression were evaluated using RT-PCR and western blotting. OA degree was evaluated using X-ray, scored by Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) and Mankin scores. COL2 and MMP-13 expression in articular was evaluated using immunohistochemistry. Key findings Medium intensity exercise alleviated OA. 15-HETE levels after exercise was increased. 15-HETE inhibited IL-1β-induced inflammation in primary chondrocytes and increased p-Akt levels. LY294002 blocked the effect of 15-HETE in vitro. Finally, 15-HETE alleviated cartilage damage, inhibited MMP-13 expression, and increased COL2 expression in joint cartilage tissue. Significance Treadmill exercise alleviates OA and increases 15-HETE levels in the knee joint, which suppresses inflammation in chondrocytes via PI3k-Akt signalling in vitro and in vivo.

Monolayer iron-oxide films are attractive for both spintronic application and surface chemical catalysis. However, the detailed atomic structure of the FeO monolayer which is crucial for understanding the physical and chemical properties of the films is not well understood. In this work, we fabricate high-quality monolayer FeO films on the Au(111) substrate by molecular-beam epitaxy. High-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy measurements simultaneously reveal the close-packed atomic arrangement and hexagonal moir\'e pattern of the monolayer FeO and were combined with hexagonal commensurate mode calculations to establish the atomic structure of the monolayer FeO(111) with respect to the Au(111) substrate. The identification of this stable commensurate arrangement of FeO(111) monolayer on Au(111) paves the way for the exploration of its fundamental science and its applications in industry.

Moiré superstructure–induced edge state modulation has been observed in bismuthene homojunctions., Creating and controlling the topological properties of two-dimensional topological insulators is essential for spintronic device applications. Here, we report the successful growth of bismuth homostructure consisting of monolayer bismuthene and single-layer black phosphorus–like Bi (BP-Bi) on the HOPG surface. Combining scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy with noncontact atomic force microscopy, moiré superstructures with twist angles in the bismuth homostructure and the modulation of topological edge states of bismuthene were observed and studied. First-principles calculations reproduced the moiré superlattice and indicated that the structure fluctuation is ascribed to the stacking modes between bismuthene and BP-Bi, which induce spatially distributed interface interactions in the bismuth homostructure. The modulation of topological edge states is directly related to the variation of interlayer interactions. Our results suggest a promising pathway to tailor the topological states through interfacial interactions.