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Phytoplankton play a critical role in marine food webs and biogeochemical cycles, and their abundance must be monitored to prevent disasters and improve the marine environment. Although existing algorithms for automatic phytoplankton identification at the image level are available, there are currently no video-level algorithms. This lack of datasets is a significant obstacle to the development of video-level automatic identification algorithms for phytoplankton observations. Deep learning-based algorithms, in particular, require high-quality datasets to achieve optimal results. To address this issue, we propose the PMOT2023 (Phytoplankton Multi-Object Tracking), a multi-video tracking dataset based on 48,000 micrographs captured by in situ observation devices. The dataset comprises 21 classes of phytoplankton and can aid in the development of advanced video-level identification methods. Multi-object tracking algorithms can detect, classify, count, and estimate phytoplankton density. As a video-level automatic identification algorithm, multi-object tracking addresses trajectory tracking, concentration estimation, and other requirements in original phytoplankton observation, helping to prevent marine ecological disasters. Additionally, the PMOT2023 dataset will serve as a benchmark to evaluate the performance of future phytoplankton identification models and provide a foundation for further research on automatic phytoplankton identification algorithms.

Background and Hypothesis Mounting evidence supports cerebrovascular contributions to schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD) but with unknown mechanisms. The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is at the nexus of neural-vascular exchanges, tasked with regulating cerebral homeostasis. BBB abnormalities in SSD, if any, are likely more subtle compared to typical neurological insults and imaging measures that assess large molecule BBB leakage in major neurological events may not be sensitive enough to directly examine BBB abnormalities in SSD. Study Design We tested the hypothesis that neurovascular water exchange (Kw) measured by non-invasive diffusion-prepared arterial spin label MRI (n = 27 healthy controls [HC], n = 32 SSD) is impaired in SSD and associated with clinical symptoms. Peripheral vascular endothelial health was examined by brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (n = 44 HC, n = 37 SSD) to examine whether centrally measured Kw is related to endothelial functions. Study Results Whole-brain average Kw was significantly reduced in SSD (P = .007). Exploratory analyses demonstrated neurovascular water exchange reductions in the right parietal lobe, including the supramarginal gyrus (P = .002) and postcentral gyrus (P = .008). Reduced right superior corona radiata (P = .001) and right angular gyrus Kw (P = .006) was associated with negative symptoms. Peripheral endothelial function was also significantly reduced in SSD (P = .0001). Kw in 94% of brain regions in HC positively associated with peripheral endothelial function, which was not observed in SSD, where the correlation was inversed in 52% of brain regions. Conclusions This study provides initial evidence of neurovascular water exchange abnormalities, which appeared clinically associated, especially with negative symptoms, in schizophrenia.

Hypertrophic scar (HS) is a severe skin fibrotic disorder with unclear pathogenesis. Interferon-α2b (IFN-α2b) exerts inhibitory effects on HS

The current study explored the feasibility of a newly developed self-guided digital intervention program TEA (Training for Emotional Adaptation) in alleviating depressive and anxiety symptoms, corresponding to the urgent call for remote mental health service. It is one of a few studies which adapted from theoretical models with effective intervention techniques. The first part involved 11 professional mental health practitioners giving feedback on the feasibility; while the second part involved a single-arm study with 32 participants recruited online, who went through the seven intervention sessions. The questionnaires were collected before, after, 14-days after and 30-days after the intervention. Moreover, 10 participants were invited to semi-structured interviews. Practitioners thought the TEA showed high professionalism (8.91/10) and is suitable for treating emotional symptoms (8.09/10). The Generalized estimating equation (GEE) model showed that the TEA significantly reduced their psychological symptoms, while the effects of the intervention were retained for 30-day post intervention (Cohen’s d >1). Thematic analysis revealed three main themes about future improvement, including content improvement, interaction improvement and bug-fixing. Taken together, current study supported the effectiveness of TEA, with the potential to address the urgent need for remote mental health service. Future randomized controlled trials to confirm the effectiveness are required.

Ginsenoside Rc is one of the cardinal bioactive components of Panax ginseng. The present study aimed to investigate whether ginsenoside Rc exerted protective effects against acute cold exposure-induced myocardial injury in rats. Forty rats were randomly assigned into four groups: Control, model, ginsenoside Rc 10 mg/kg, and 20 mg/kg groups. Rats were intragastrically administrated with ginsenoside Rc (10, 20 mg/kg) or vehicle daily for 7 days. On the seventh day, all rats except the control group were exposed to low temperature. Cardiac function, myocardial enzyme activities, hemorheology, and inflammatory response were detected. Histopathological examination and apoptosis of cardiac tissues were performed. The expressions of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), B-cell lymphoma (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X (Bax), procaspase-3, and the mRNA (messenger RNA) level of SIRT1 were measured by western blot and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. Ginsenoside Rc significantly improved cardiac function, diminished the activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase, and creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), and regulated abnormal hemorheology in acute cold-exposed rats (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). Furthermore, ginsenoside Rc could attenuate myocardial histological changes and structural abnormalities, decrease apoptotic cells and reduce the mRNA levels and activity of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-6 (p < 0.01). In addition, ginsenoside Rc upregulated the expressions of SIRT1, Bcl-2, and procaspase-3 and downregulated that of Bax (p < 0.01). The changes in both the mRNA and protein expression levels of SIRT1 were similar. The results of the current study suggested that ginsenoside Rc could alleviate acute cold exposure-induced myocardial injury in rats by inhibiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis via regulating SIRT1 expression and attenuating the inflammatory responses. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The current study indicated that ginsenoside Rc could alleviate acute cold exposure-induced myocardial injury in rats. Ginsenoside Rc could be potentially used as a bioactive ingredient in processed functional food products or food supplements to prevent from acute cold exposure-induced myocardial injury.

With the development of network communication technology, large number of log data will be generated during the operation of systems. The logs of the application system record the execution track of the system and exist in all components of the system, so it is possible to detect the abnormal behaviors of the system by processing logs data. However, it is very inefficient and difficult to detect and evaluate abnormal data by manual method, the existing research on system log analysis is limited and scattered, and there is a lack of unified platform to detect and manage system log files. Meanwhile, for maintenance personnel, the analysis of log data is too specialized and complex, and there is a lack of user-friendly platform for operation and maintenance decision makers to use and analyze. This project aims to build some scientific anomaly detection event models based on deep learning by mining rules from large number of complex data. And then give the design and implementation of a user-friendly abnormal behavior detection platform of operating system log files.

Wastewater surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 has become a promising tool to estimate population-level changes in community infections and the prevalence of COVID-19 disease. Although many studies have reported the detection and quantification of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater, remarkable variation remains in the methodology. In this study, we validated a molecular testing method by concentrating viruses from wastewater using ultrafiltration and detecting SARS-CoV-2 using one-step RT-qPCR assay. The following parameters were optimized including sample storage condition, wastewater pH, RNA extraction and RT-qPCR assay by quantification of SARS-CoV-2 or spiked human coronavirus strain 229E (hCoV-229E). Wastewater samples stored at 4 °C after collection showed significantly enhanced detection of SARS-CoV-2 with approximately 2–3 PCR-cycle threshold (Ct) values less when compared to samples stored at −20 °C. Pre-adjustment of the wastewater pH to 9.6 to aid virus desorption followed by pH readjustment to neutral after solid removal significantly increased the recovery of spiked hCoV-229E. Of the five commercially available RNA isolation kits evaluated, the MagMAX-96 viral RNA isolation kit showed the best recovery of hCoV-229E (50.1 ± 20.1%). Compared with two-step RT-qPCR, one-step RT-qPCR improved sensitivity for SARS-CoV-2 detection. Salmon DNA was included for monitoring PCR inhibition and pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), a fecal indicator indigenous to wastewater, was used to normalize SARS-CoV-2 levels in wastewater. Our method for molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater provides a useful tool for public health surveillance of COVID-19., Graphical abstract Unlabelled Image

Mounting evidence suggests that solids are a reliable matrix for SARS-CoV-2 detection in wastewater, yet studies comparing solids-based methods and common concentration methods using the liquid fraction remain limited. In this study, we developed and optimized a method for SARS-CoV-2 detection in wastewater using moderate-speed centrifuged solids and evaluated it against an ultrafiltration reference method. SARS-CoV-2 was quantified in samples from 12 wastewater treatment plants from Alberta, Canada, using RT-qPCR targeting the N2 and E genes. PCR inhibition was examined by spiking salmon DNA. The effects of using different amounts of solids, adjusting the sample pH to 9.6–10, and modifying the elution volume at the final step of RNA extraction were evaluated. SARS-CoV-2 detection rate in solids from 20 mL of wastewater showed no statistically significant difference compared to the ultrafiltration method (97/139 versus 90/139, p = 0.26, McNemar’s mid-p test). The optimized wastewater solids-based method had a significantly lower rate of samples with PCR inhibition versus ultrafiltration (3% versus 9.5%, p = 0.014, Chi-square test). Our optimized moderate-speed centrifuged solids-based method had similar sensitivity when compared to the ultrafiltration reference method but had the added advantages of lower costs, fewer processing steps, and a shorter turnaround time.

An equivalent circuit model of double hexagonal loops frequency selective surface (FSS) was established. The formulas of LC parameters were proposed with equivalent repetition period. The reflection frequency, transmission frequency, and the location of first modal interaction null were simulated, and the results showed a good agreement in full-wave simulation result. On this basis, an ultra-wideband composite absorbing material (CAM) was proposed, and its equivalent circuit model was also established. A sample was fabricated and measured to verify the validity of the model. The results showed a good ultra-wideband absorbing performance in the range of 1.9–8.9 GHz.

Based on the purpose of proactive anti-reconnaissance, the essential characteristics of several typical pulse repetition interval (PRI) sorting algorithms were analysed and the feasibility of counter-deinterleaving was discussed. A method for disturbing arrival time sequence by using interference pulse was proposed, which changes the statistical properties of the radar PRI to disturb the deinterleaving results. The simulation results show that the pulse jamming method proposed in this paper can influence PRI sorting process effectively, which let signal processer make a misjudgment on PRI pattern of radar.

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3) is a negative regulator of NF-κB activity. We previously reported that the paired tandem polymorphic dinucleotides TT > A (rs148314165, rs200820567 of TNFAIP3) conferred the risk for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in European and Korean populations. We investigated the genetic association of the TT > A variants, as well as the functional coding variant rs2230926 in exon 3 of TNFAIP3 in 1229 Chinese Han SLE patients and 1608 matched population controls. We further evaluated the role of these variants in regulating expression of the TNFAIP3 gene and NF-κB signaling pathway in their peripheral blood mononuclear cells from Chinese SLE patients. The TT > A variants and the TNFAIP3 exon 3 coding variant rs2230926 demonstrated significant associations in SLE (PTT > A = 8.96 × 10−12, odds ratio [OR] = 2.07, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.68–2.55). SLE patients carrying the risk A allele showed reduced messenger RNA expression of the TNFAIP3 gene and increased expression of NF-κB1 in PBMCs. Conditional analyses revealed that the TT > A variants are likely to be causal variants in Chinese Han SLE patients. The TT > A variants associated with Chinese Han SLE and negatively regulate the expression of the TNFAIP3 gene resulting in enhanced NF-κB activity.

To introduce the treatment experience of fractional COCesarean scar patients receiving fractional COAltogether, 79 cesarean scar patients were involved in this study, with the average age of 28.1 years, the average scar age and length of 26.5 (range, 24-30) months and 8.5 (range, 7-11) cm, respectively. Significant improvements were observed in VSS (t = 16.75, P .05), UNC4P (t = 15.63, P .05), and Antera3D score (color:t = 13.19, P .05; texture: t = 13.12, P .05; melanin: t = 3.89, P .05; hemoglobin: t = 2.28, P .05). No long-term complication was reported during the follow-up visits.Fractional CO

The design of a hydrogel material with cold-adaptation and switchable properties is incredibly significant for developing flexible electronics to accommodate diverse application requirements. Herein, an anti-freezing and biocompatible hydrogel sensor with adjustable performance was constructed by incorporating natural fish antifreeze proteins into a hydrogel system consisting of chemical crosslinking poly(acrylamide/sodium methacrylate) and physical crosslinking polyvinyl alcohol. The biocompatible hydrogels with conductivity and shape-adaptability demonstrated tunable features between extraordinary self-adhesion and robust mechanical strength for adapting personalized application requirements. Meanwhile, breaking through the conventional anti-icing strategy, the ice crystals inhibition ability of antifreeze proteins endowed hydrogels with an anti-freezing performance at low-temperature conditions. Additionally, the hydrogels exhibited fast and extremely sensitive responsiveness to mechanical deformation, together with insignificant asynchronism of input/output signals. As a result, the hydrogel sensors could attach directly to human skin for perceiving various body motions and physiological movements, with the advantages of perfect accuracy and reproducibility. Besides, the sensors were competent for capturing unpredictable animal behavior in real-time. The property-tunable design strategy and fish-inspired anti-icing method fuel an exciting new direction for wearable devices for serving in diverse fields.

During the work of sports competitions and social groups, it is necessary to evaluate and optimize their teamwork capabilities, so that they can effectively improve related capabilities. First, this paper establishes a Bayesian algorithm model, analyzes and simulates the formation of teams in different dimensions and analyzes multi-dimensional analysis of time and space to determine the effectiveness of team cooperation. Different players have their own emphasis on two-person combinations, three-person combinations and other combinations, so they should be arranged according to the actual performance of the players. But on the whole, the three-person combination is more suitable for most players. Under different time scales, their performance is also relatively a big difference. For most players, a match time of 100–1000 is reasonable. Finally, the paper makes error analysis and evaluation of the model to make it more perfect.

Recently, Ag NWs have attracted great attention as the functional layer of flexible and transparent devices. The quality of Ag NWs network is a precondition for the conductivity and transmittance in practical applications. In this paper, we demonstrate the mechanism of water bath pulling method for preparing a transparent conductive film with a two-layer vertical directional silver nanowire network on the flexible transparent PDMS substrate that was applied to resistive sensor. The resistive sensor showed a high transmittance (87.2%), a low sheet resistance (26.9 Ω/sq) and a fast response (GF=90.3) at the tensile strain of 30%. These outstanding performances demonstrate its potential for human motion monitoring.

Accurate detection of copy number variations (CNVs) from short-read sequencing data is challenging due to the uneven distribution of reads and the unbalanced amplitudes of gains and losses. The direct use of read depths to measure CNVs tends to limit performance. Thus, robust computational approaches equipped with appropriate statistics are required to detect CNV regions and boundaries. This study proposes a new method called CNV_IFTV to address this need. CNV_IFTV assigns an anomaly score to each genome bin through a collection of isolation trees. The trees are trained based on isolation forest algorithm through conducting subsampling from measured read depths. With the anomaly scores, CNV_IFTV uses a total variation model to smooth adjacent bins, leading to a denoised score profile. Finally, a statistical model is established to test the denoised scores for calling CNVs. CNV_IFTV is tested on both simulated and real data in comparison to several peer methods. The results indicate that the proposed method outperforms the peer methods. CNV_IFTV is a reliable tool for detecting CNVs from short-read sequencing data even for low-level coverage and tumor purity. The detection results on tumor samples can aid to evaluate known cancer genes and to predict target drugs for disease diagnosis.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been suspected to contribute to several autoimmune diseases, including Sjögren's syndrome (SS), although the exact mechanism is unknown. The 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS1) is one of the most important components of the immune system and has significant antiviral functions. We studied a polymorphism rs10774671 of OAS1 gene in Han Chinese descent. The minor allele G was significantly associated with a decreased risk for SS, anti-SSA-positive SS, and anti-SSA-positive SS complicated with HBV infection, which have not been seen in anti-SSA-negative SS and HBcAb-negative SS patients. Gene expression analysis showed that the risk-conferring A allele was correlated with lower expression of p46 and increased expression of p42, p48, and p44. A functional study of enzymatic activities revealed that the p42, p44, and p48 isoforms display a reduced capacity to inhibit HBV replication in HepG2 cells compared to the normal p46 isoform. Our data demonstrated that the functional variant, rs10774671, is associated with HBV infection and anti-SSA antibody-positive SS. The SAS variant switches the primary p46 isoform to three alternatives with decreased capacities to inhibit HBV replication. These data indicated that individuals harboring the risk allele might be susceptible to hepatitis B infection and SS development.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes the global COVID-19 pandemic. Limited studies have been performed on various types of disinfectants utilized to control the spread of this highly contagious virus. This study aimed to investigate the inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus, hCoV-229E using an in vitro to test the anti-infectivity activity of the humidifier buffers (A and B, LumichemTM). A real-time reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assay was used to evaluate the effectiveness of these disinfectants on the degradation of viral RNA in a time dependent manner. The effects of disinfectants on viral infectivity were determined using a tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50) assay of a surrogate virus, hCoV-229E, in MRC-5 cell culture. The results demonstrated that the LumichemTM buffers A and B had a 2 to 3-log10 reduction inactivation using cell culture after a short exposure compared to the control, indicating the disinfection efficacy of the tested anti-infectivity compounds. The LumichemTM buffers A and B in addition did not affect the viral genomic RNA of a surrogate virus, hCoV-229E, thus representing an additional benefit with a negligible impact to operators and those in close contact when providing in-situ operational cleaning.

a miniature circularly polarized horn antenna is designed and implemented. The radiation part of the antenna is a single-arm spiral (SAS) structure, which is directly fed by 50Ω coaxial line through a small disc/ground-plane, and this feeding method replaces the traditional balun which often used in conventional two-arm balanced-mode spiral antenna. The gain of the antenna is increased by the back cavity and the conical horn, the beam width is controlled, and the phenomenon of beam pointing deviation is improved. It is revealed that the designed antenna has a good circularly polarized (CP) radiation performance over a design frequency range of 8 GHz to 12 GHz, and the overall dimension of the antenna is 40×40×24mm.

To introduce a novel method for evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of fractional COA total of 72 patients after incision healing for at least 2 years were included in the series, with scars on neck, thyroid, chest, and limb from September 2013 to September 2016. The image of scar was taken by Antrea 3D camera before the treatment, VSS, and UN4P were also applied for scar evaluation. A total of four sessions at 4-6 intervals were conducted to each patient. After 3 months of last session, a final assessment was carried out by Antera 3D and VSS, UN4P independently.The Antera scores for color after 4 sessions were 8.78 ± 2.11, which were significantly lower than the prior treatment (9.62 ± 1.90, t = 2.51, P 0.05). The Antera scores for texture after four sessions were 22.80 ± 5.23, which was significantly lower than the prior treatment (30.33 ± 5.41, t = 8.48, P 0.05). The Antera scores for melanin levels after four sessions were 0.52 ± 0.05, which was significantly lower than the prior treatment (0.54 ± 0.05, t = 2.4, P 0.05). The Antera scores for hemoglobin levels after four sessions were 1.88 ± 0.50, which was significantly lower than the prior treatment (2.11 ± 0.45, t = 2.90, P 0.05). The Vancouver Scar scores after four sessions were 7.1 ± 2.0, which showed no statistically significant differences with the prior treatment (7.5 ± 2.4, t = 1.09, P = 0.25 0.05). The University of North Carolina "4P" Scar scores after four sessions were 6.6 ± 1.5, which also showed no statistically significant differences with the prior treatment (7.0 ± 1.9, t = 1.40, P = 0.15 0.05).For scar therapeutic evaluation, Antera 3D camera is objective and accurate, and is worthy of wide promotion.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been suspected to contribute to several autoimmune diseases, including Sjögren’s syndrome (SS), although the exact mechanism is unknown. The 2′–5′ oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS1) is one of the most important components of the immune system and has significant antiviral functions. We studied a polymorphism rs10774671 of OAS1 gene in Han Chinese descent. The minor allele G was significantly associated with a decreased risk for SS, anti-SSA-positive SS, and anti-SSA-positive SS complicated with HBV infection, which have not been seen in anti-SSA-negative SS and HBcAb-negative SS patients. Gene expression analysis showed that the risk-conferring A allele was correlated with lower expression of p46 and increased expression of p42, p48, and p44. A functional study of enzymatic activities revealed that the p42, p44, and p48 isoforms display a reduced capacity to inhibit HBV replication in HepG2 cells compared to the normal p46 isoform. Our data demonstrated that the functional variant, rs10774671, is associated with HBV infection and anti-SSA antibody-positive SS. The SAS variant switches the primary p46 isoform to three alternatives with decreased capacities to inhibit HBV replication. These data indicated that individuals harboring the risk allele might be susceptible to hepatitis B infection and SS development.