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ObjectiveTo optimize a nutrition and health literacy questionnaire (NHLQ) for Chinese primary school students previously developed by domestic researchers and empirically apply the modified NHLQ in evaluating nutrition health literacy among pupils in Ningbo city, Zhejiang province. MethodsThe NHLQ with 3 subscales for pupils of grade 1 – 2, 3 – 4, and 5 – 6 were modified according to Rash model-based assessment and the optimized HHLQ was evaluated with Winsteps 3.66.0 software. Then the optimized NHLQ was self-administered during June 2023 among 1 868 grade 1 – 6 pupils conveniently recruited at 3 urban and 3 township primary schools in a district of Ningbo city with stratified cluster random sampling. SPSS software was used in data analysis. ResultsValid responses were collected from 99.6% (1 861) of the pupils surveyed. The discrimination of the NHLQ subscales for low- (1 – 2), middle- (3 – 4), and high- (5 – 6) grade pupils were 11.95, 10.41, and 10.14, the reliabilities for the three subscales were of the same value of 0.99. For all the pupils, the average overall score of the NHLQ was 73.8 ± 13.1, with the average scores of 71.4 ± 16.5, 74.8 ± 23.7, and 67.7 ± 23.6 for dietary nutrition knowledge, dietary behavior and habit, and food nutrition label recognition, respectively. The average overall score of the NHLQ for low-, middle-, and high-grade pupils were 77.5 ± 11.5, 75.7 ± 13.4, and 70.9 ± 12.1, showing a downward trend with the schooling grade. The average overall score of the NHLQ of the girl pupils was higher than that of the boy pupils (74.0 ± 12.6 vs. 73.5 ± 13.5) and there was no significant difference in the average overall score between urban and township pupils. The highest correlation was observed between the score of dietary nutrition knowledge and that of food nutrition label recognition, with a correlation coefficient of 0.213. ConclusionThe optimized NHLQ could be used in the assessment on nutrition and health literacy of primary school students in China. The empirical survey with the optimized NHLQ resulted in a relatively low nutrition and health literacy score for the primary school students in Ningbo city and the scores of nutrition cognition, eating habits and nutrition skills differed by schooling grade. The results suggest that targeted education on nutrition and health need to be promoted in the pupils.

Abstract Purpose The primary objective of this study was to explore the association of vitamin D with the monocyte to HDL-C ratio (MHR) among medical staff in Chengdu, China. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study involved 538 medical staff, including 393 females and 145 males, and included data on gender, age, body mass index, and laboratory parameters (including complete blood count, vitamin D levels, lipid, etc.). According to serum 25 (OH)D

Abstract Background China has the world’s highest rail transportation network density, and the prevalence of obesity among railway workers in China is more than twice that of adults in the world. Carotid artery plaque (CAP) is a simple and noninvasive predictor of early atherosclerosis, while the association between different obese phenotypes and CAP risk among Chinese male railway drivers is unclear. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed among 8,645 Chinese male railway drivers. Obese phenotypes were assessed based on the obesity status (the body mass index ≥ 28 kg/m2 as obesity vs.

Abstract Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a genital infection that frequently presents in women infected with human papillomavirus (HPV), but the correlation between BV, HPV and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) development is still elusive. We organized a cross-sectional analysis which enrolled 624 participants and obtained 423 samples of vaginal secretions from them, including 193 HPV-negative samples and 230 HR-HPV-positive samples. We used 16S rRNA sequencing to measure the vaginal microbiota diversity in women with different BV, HPV and CIN status, and then calculated risk factors for CIN by logistic regression. We found that the diversity of vaginal microbiota was significantly increased after BV, HPV and BV-infected CIN group. The Observed species and Chao1 index of H.C group showed little difference with normal group, while its Shannon index was considerable higher than normal group. L. iners enriched in HPV infection group compared with others significantly. BV (OR = 0.358; 95% CI = 0.195–0.656; P

Dry microbursts in weak weather backgrounds, due to their small scale and general lack of precipitation, are often difficult to observe using weather radar. On the night of 26 April 2023, a dry microburst occurred at the Yinchuan Airport. Based on conventional meteorological observations, Automated Weather Observing System (AWOS) data, and the Doppler Wind Lidar data, an analysis was conducted on the causes and wind field structure of this microburst. It was found that (1) the sounding data indicated a DCAPE value of 880 J·kg−1, which is important for forecasting the potential for dry microburst events; (2) the foehn from the Helan Mountains contributed to the occurrence of microburst weather at the Yinchuan Airport; (3) the Doppler Wind Lidar wind data showed distinct characteristics of the wind field during this microburst event, including a symmetric horizontal wind field structure, significant vertical downdraft velocities (reaching −5.76 m·s−1), and low-level wind shear over the airport runway and its vicinity; and (4) effective monitoring of such microburst weather events with the Doppler Wind Lidar wind measurements is crucial for ensuring aviation safety.

This work systematically investigates the effects of coarse aggregate (CA) type, dosage, and slurry concentration on the backfill slurry's setting, bleeding, and hardening strength properties. Rod milling sand (RMS) and waste rock (WR) were selected as CA, the backfill slurry's concentration ranged from 76% to 79%, its replacement rate of tailings with RMS and WR was between 40% and 60%, and its cure period was 3, 14 and 28 days. Then, the fresh backfill slurry was subject to setting and bleeding experiments, and the hardened backfill slurry was submitted to UCS tests. Finally, a CPB curing time of 28 days was chosen for microstructure experiments to reveal the mechanism of the effect of slurry concentration and CA dosage on CPB hardened strength. The results showed that the initial and final setting times reduce as concentration increases and increase as tailings/CA (T/CA) decreases. The effect of concentration and CA dosage on the bleeding properties of backfill slurry is not apparent. Increasing the slurry concentration increases the amount of C-S-H gel inside the CPB, which improves its mechanical behavior. The CPB has optimal physical properties when the slurry concentration is 77%− 78%, and the amount of WR is 50%. The study results can provide a theoretical basis for the preferential selection of backfill materials in mines.

Locomotion and manipulation are two essential skills in robotics but are often divided or decoupled into two separate problems. It is widely accepted that the topological duality between multi-legged locomotion and multi-fingered manipulation shares an intrinsic model. However, a lack of research remains to identify the data-driven evidence for further research. This paper explores a unified formulation of the loco-manipulation problem using reinforcement learning (RL) by reconfiguring robotic limbs with an overconstrained design into multi-legged and multi-fingered robots. Such design reconfiguration allows for adopting a co-training architecture for reinforcement learning towards a unified loco-manipulation policy. As a result, we find data-driven evidence to support the transferability between locomotion and manipulation skills using a single RL policy with a multilayer perceptron or graph neural network. We also demonstrate the Sim2Real transfer of the learned loco-manipulation skills in a robotic prototype. This work expands the knowledge frontiers on loco-manipulation transferability with learning-based evidence applied in a novel platform with overconstrained robotic limbs.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases. After studying 602 unvaccinated Chinese women using 16S rRNA to detect cervical-vaginal microecology, we analyzed the relationship between HPV infection and vaginal microecology including 20 HPV types. In Chinese women, L. gasseri–dominated and L. jensenii–dominated clusters were significantly absence. Microbial alpha diversity was significantly higher in HPV-infected and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)–diagnosed groups than in healthy control group. Certain bacteria were associated with HPV infection and CIN, including Streptococcus, Prevotella, Chlamydia, Bifidobacterium, Ralstonia, and Aerococcus. With the development of disease, the proportions of community state type III (CST-III) and CST-IV-B gradually increased, whereas the proportions of CST-I and CST-IV-A gradually decreased. In addition, age was an influential factor for HPV infection. With aging, the probability of HPV infection and the proportion of CST-IV-B increase. In conclusion, our study was a large cross-sectional study that evaluated the relationship between vaginal microbiota and HPV infection, and brought essential comparable data.

Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become a global challenge faced by people all over the world. Social distancing has been proved to be an effective practice to reduce the spread of COVID-19. Against this backdrop, we propose that the surveillance robots can not only monitor but also promote social distancing. Robots can be flexibly deployed and they can take precautionary actions to remind people of practicing social distancing. In this paper, we introduce a fully autonomous surveillance robot based on a quadruped platform that can promote social distancing in complex urban environments. Specifically, to achieve autonomy, we mount multiple cameras and a three dimensional light detection and ranging sensor (3D LiDAR) on the legged robot. The robot then uses an onboard real-time social distancing detection system to track nearby pedestrian groups. Next, the robot uses a crowd-aware navigation algorithm to move freely in highly dynamic scenarios. The robot finally uses a crowd-aware routing algorithm to effectively promote social distancing by using human-friendly verbal cues to send suggestions to over-crowded pedestrians. We demonstrate and validate that our robot can be operated autonomously by conducting several experiments in various urban scenarios.

Recently, there have been many advances in autonomous driving society, attracting a lot of attention from academia and industry. However, existing studies mainly focus on cars, extra development is still required for self-driving truck algorithms and models. In this article, we introduce an intelligent self-driving truck system. Our presented system consists of three main components, 1) a realistic traffic simulation module for generating realistic traffic flow in testing scenarios, 2) a high-fidelity truck model which is designed and evaluated for mimicking real truck response in real world deployment, and 3) an intelligent planning module with learning-based decision making algorithm and multi-mode trajectory planner, taking into account the truck's constraints, road slope changes, and the surrounding traffic flow. We provide quantitative evaluations for each component individually to demonstrate the fidelity and performance of each part. We also deploy our proposed system on a real truck and conduct real world experiments which show our system's capacity of mitigating sim-to-real gap. Our code is available at https://github.com/InceptioResearch/IITS.

Objective. The active ingredients extracted from natural plants have anti-GC actions and can slow down gastric carcinoma (GC) progression. To investigate the impact of Amarogentin (AG) on GC cell multiplication, apoptosis and migration and the possible mechanisms. Methods. qRT-PCR quantification of circKIF4A and miR-152-3p in GC tissues and normal counterparts as well as HGC-27 (human GC cell strain) and GES-1 (human gastric mucosal epithelial cell strain) was performed. HGC-27 cells were intervened by AG of various concentrations. si-NC, si-circKIF4A were further transfected into HGC-27 cells. Besides, pcDNA and pcDNA-circKIF4A were transfected into HGC-27 cells, after which 60 mmol/L AG was added for intervention. Cell multiplication, clone formation, as well as apoptosis and migration measurements were made by MTT, plate clone formation, flow cytometry and Transwell assays, respectively; Double luciferase reporter assay was performed for targeting relationship identification between circKIF4A and miR-152-3p; Western blots were carried out to measure Bax and Bcl-2 protein levels. Results. circKIF4A increased (P

Tactile perception is a primary sensing channel for both humans and robots to be conscious of the surface properties of an object. Due to the unique functionalities of mechanoreceptors in human skin, humans can easily distinguish materials with different surface characteristics (e.g., compressibility, roughness, etc.) by simply pressing and sliding the fingertip over the samples. However, how to achieve such delicate texture recognition for robots remains an open challenge due to the lack of skin‐comparable tactile sensing systems and smart pattern recognition algorithms. Herein, a novel texture recognition method is proposed by designing an arc‐shaped soft tactile sensor and a bidirectional long short‐term memory (LSTM) model with the attention mechanism. By using the proposed method, a respective recognition accuracy of 97% for Braille characters and 99% for 60 types of fabrics have been achieved, revealing the effectiveness of our method in surface texture recognition and the potential benefit to various applications, such as Braille reading for visually impaired people and defect detection in the textile industry.

Understanding the evolution of mechanical properties and pore structure of semirigid base under large temperature difference is of great significance for evaluating the durability and safety of semirigid base structure and studying the damage cracking mechanism and prevention technology of semirigid base induced by large temperature difference climate. This paper studies the variation law of peak stress and dynamic modulus, the evolution characteristics of pore structure, and the pore size distribution of semirigid base after different cycles at different temperature intervals. Based on the analysis of peak stress and dynamic modulus test results, the degradation effect of freeze-thaw environment (−20°C∼20°C) on semirigid base is far greater than that of high-temperature environment (20°C∼60°C) and low-temperature environment (−5°C∼−30°C). There are significant decreases in peak stress and dynamic modulus of semirigid base in the late cycle (12 to 15 cycles). Under low-temperature and freeze-thaw environments, the axial load resistance of semirigid base is significantly correlated with the deformation resistance, and the correlation between the two is not significant under high-temperature environment. The variability of the thermal expansion and contraction characteristics of the internal microscopic phases of the semirigid base and the force characteristics of the pore interface phases are the root causes of the damage and cracking of the pavement base in a large temperature difference climate.

Hypersonic aircraft design is an enabling technology. However, many problems are encountered, including the design of the hood. The aircraft optical dome can become heated due to aerodynamic effects. Since the optical dome of a hypersonic aircraft should satisfy optical imaging requirements, a conventional ablative coating cannot be adopted. The aerodynamic heating characteristics during the whole flight must be studied. In this study, a numerical simulation method for the aerodynamic heat of hypersonic aircraft under long-term variable working conditions is proposed. In addition, the numerical simulation of the external flow field and structure coupling of the aerodynamic heat problem is performed. The dynamic parameters of temperature and pressure are obtained, and the thermal protection basis of the internal equipment is obtained. Numerical results indicate that the average temperature and maximum temperature of the optical dome for inner and outer walls exhibit an “M” shape with time, with two high-temperature cusps and one low-temperature cusp. The time of average temperature coincides with that of maximum wall temperature. During the flight, the wall pressure changes with time, exhibiting the characteristics of higher temperature at both ends of the flight and lower temperature in the middle. The structural temperature of the hypersonic aircraft is higher than that of the external flow behind the shock wave after 310 s. Therefore, this study provides a reliable reference for the preliminary design and parameter research of optical domes of hypersonic aircraft.

The success of a robotic pick and place task depends on the success of the entire procedure: from the grasp planning phase, to the grasp establishment phase, then the lifting and moving phase, and finally the releasing and placing phase. Being able to detect and recover from grasping failures throughout the entire process is therefore a critical requirement for both the robotic manipulator and the gripper, especially when considering the almost inevitable object occlusion by the gripper itself during the robotic pick and place task. With the rapid rising of soft grippers, which rely heavily on their under-actuated body and compliant, open-loop control, less information is available from the gripper for effective overall system control. Tackling on the effectiveness of robotic grasping, this work proposes a hybrid policy by combining visual cues and proprioception of our gripper for the effective failure detection and recovery in grasping, especially using a proprioceptive self-developed soft robotic gripper that is capable of contact sensing. We solved failure handling of robotic pick and place tasks and proposed (1) more accurate pose estimation of a known object by considering the edge-based cost besides the image-based cost; (2) robust object tracking techniques that work even when the object is partially occluded in the system and achieve mean overlap precision up to 80%; (3) contact and contact loss detection between the object and the gripper by analyzing internal pressure signals of our gripper; (4) robust failure handling with the combination of visual cues under partial occlusion and proprioceptive cues from our soft gripper to effectively detect and recover from different accidental grasping failures. The proposed system was experimentally validated with the proprioceptive soft robotic gripper mounted on a collaborative robotic manipulator, and a consumer-grade RGB camera, showing that combining visual cues and proprioception from our soft actuator robotic gripper was effective in improving the detection and recovery from the major grasping failures in different stages for the compliant and robust grasping.

OBJECTIVES: Geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) might predict the all-cause mortality in patients with heart failure (HF). We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the correlation between GNRI and all-cause mortality in patients with HF. METHODS: We searched the PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases for clinical trials investigating the association between GNRI and all-cause mortality in patients with HF, having the primary endpoint as all-cause mortality. RESULTS: In total, nine studies involving 7,659 subjects were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The results indicated that major risk and moderate risk GNRI (GNRI

The elderly population has rapidly increased in past years, bringing huge demands for elderly serving devices, especially for those with mobility impairment. Present assistant walkers designed for elderly users are primitive with limited user interactivity and intelligence. We propose a novel smart robotic walker that targets a convenient-to-use indoor walking aid for the elderly. The walker supports multiple modes of interactions through voice, gait or haptic touch, and allows intelligent control via learning-based methods to achieve mobility safety. Our design enables a flexible, initiative and reliable walker due to the following: (1) we take a hybrid approach by combining the conventional mobile robotic platform with the existing rollator design, to achieve a novel robotic system that fulfills expected functionalities; (2) our walker tracks users in front by detecting lower limb gait, while providing close-proximity walking safety support; (3) our walker can detect human intentions and predict emergency events, e.g., falling, by monitoring force pressure on a specially designed soft-robotic interface on the handle; (4) our walker performs reinforcement learning-based sound source localization to locate and navigate to the user based on his/her voice signals. Experiment results demonstrate the sturdy mechanical structure, the reliability of multiple novel interactions, and the efficiency of the intelligent control algorithms implemented. The demonstration video is available at: https://sites.google.com/view/smart-walker-hku.

Background: The purpose of this study was to review recent research related to the analgesic effect of ablation therapy combined with cementoplasty, as well as to identify the duration of analgesic effect and risk for cement leaks. Methods: A systematic literature search using PubMed, Web of Science, and annual meeting proceedings of the oncology society and other organizations were conducted. Results: Twelve retrospective studies met the inclusion criteria. Four of the studies included in the review assessed the changes immediately after treatment. Five studies were subjected to analyses of analgesic effect of combined percutaneous thermal ablation and Cementoplasty at 24 weeks after treatment. Incidences of leakage of bone cement during surgery were detected in 4 out of 12 studies. The change of mean pain scores at 1 days, at 1 week, and at 4 weeks, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks after treatment were −3.90 (95% CI: −4.80 to −3.00), −4.55 (95% CI:−5.46 to −3.64), −4.78 (95% CI: −5.70 to −3.86), −5.16 (95% CI: −6.39 to −3.92), and −5.91 (95% CI: −6.63 to −5.19). The relative risk of cement leakage was 0.10 (95% CI: −6.63 to −5.19). Conclusions: Our systematic review suggested that thermal ablation combined with cementoplasty could be a safe and effective intervention for the management of bone metastases-induced pain. Keywords: Thermal ablation, Cementoplasty, Bone metastases, Analgesia, Pain management, Palliative care

Objective: To signal, FGF19 and FGF21 require co-receptor βKlotho (KLB) to act in concert with FGF receptors, and yet there is appreciable variance in the C-terminal sequences of these two novel metabolic hormones where binding is believed to be primary. We seek to determine the functional consequences for these amino acid differences and determine whether such information can be used to design high potency antagonists and agonists. Methods: We employed a functional in vitro assay to identify C-terminal protein fragments capable of fully blocking KLB-mediated FGF19 and 21 receptor signaling. The key residues in each hormone responsible for support full bioactivity were identified through peptide-based Ala-scanning. Chemical optimization of the peptides was employed to increase their antagonistic potency. An optimized sequence as a substituted part of a full length FGF21 was assessed for enhanced FGFR/KLB-mediated agonism using tissue culture and obese mice. Results: C-terminal FGF19 and FGF21 peptides of relatively short length were observed to potently inhibit the activity of these two hormones, in vitro and in vivo. These FGFs of different sequence also demonstrated a striking conservation of structural determinants to maintain KLB binding. A single C-terminal amino acid in FGF19 was observed to modulate relative activity through FGFR1 and FGFR4. The substitution of native FGF21 C-terminal sequence with a peptide optimized for the highest antagonistic activity resulted in significantly enhanced FGF potency, as measured by in vitro signaling and improvements in metabolic outcomes in diet-induced obese mice. Conclusions: We report here the ability of short C-terminal peptides to bind KLB and function as antagonists of FGF19 and 21 actions. These proteins maintain high conservation of sequence in those residues central to KLB binding. An FGF21 chimeric protein possessing an optimized C-terminal sequence proved to be a super-agonist in delivery of beneficial metabolic effects in obese mice. Keywords: FGF19, FGF21, KLB, FGFR isoforms, FGF antagonism, Structure-activity-relationship, Alanine-scan

The purpose of automatic speech recognition (ASR) is to make the machine to be able to “understand” the human speech and transform it to readable text information.ASR is one of the key technologies of human machine interaction and also a hot research domain for a long time.In recent years,due to the application of deep neural networks,the use of big data and the popularity of cloud computing,ASR has made great progress and break through the threshold of application in many industries.More and more products with ASR have entered people’s daily life,such as Apple’s Siri,Amazon’s Alexa,IFLYTEK speech input method and Dingdong intelligent speaker and so on.The development status and key breakthrough technologies in recent years were introduced.Also,a forecast of ASR technologies’ trend of development was given.

Optimal motion planning becomes more and more important these days and is critical for motion planning algorithms developed in the academia to be applicable to real-world applications. The objective of this article is to survey the current state-of-the-art on optimal motion planning algorithms in terms of their three main components: the decision variables and problem formulation, constraints, and objectives. A selection of proposed techniques is reviewed along with a discussion of their effectiveness and limitations. The side-by-side comparison presented in this survey helps to gain insight into the strengths and limitations of the reviewed approaches and assists with system-level design choices.

The electric upsetting process is an excellent electrically assisted preforming technique with electrical-thermal-mechanical multi-field coupling characteristic. The secondary upsetting defect in electric upsetting with inappropriate parameters combinations could result in folds in subsequent forging process. In order to analyze the formation process of the secondary upsetting defect, the finite element model of electric upsetting was constructed based on the multi-field coupling solver platform, MSC.Marc. It is concluded through the numerical simulation with inappropriate parameters combination that the main factor causing the secondary upsetting defect is the large temperature decrease of the deformed portion after the formation of drum-shape in the preliminary stage of electric upsetting. Subsequently, the secondary upsetting defect has been successfully avoided via a three-stage current mode. Finally, a novel optimization method based on close-cycle control of current in numerical simulation was established by developing a current subroutine in MSC.Marc, which was proved to be effective for the elimination of the secondary upsetting defect.

Hot compressions of as-cast AZ80 magnesium alloy in a wide temperature range of 523-673 K and strain rate range of 0.01-10 s–1 with a height reduction of 60% were conducted by a Gleeble-1500 thermo-mechanical test simulator. The hot flow behaviors show highly non-linear intrinsic relationships with temperature, strain and strain rate. In order to model the complicated flow behaviors, error back-propagation algorithm, a representative method to minimize the target error, was selected to train the artificial neural network. A comparative study was made on the predictabilities of the improved Arrhenius-type and BP-ANN model by using two standard statistical parameters including correlation coefficient (R) and average absolute relative error (AARE). Comparison results show that the well-trained BP-ANN has higher prediction accuracy. Three highlight applications were presented. Firstly, the strain-stress data volume was expanded by BP-ANN predictions above experimental conditions. Secondly, the expanded data were applied in the simulations of isothermal compressions, and high simulation accuracy for the load-stroke curve was achieved. Thirdly, a three-dimensional (3D) interaction space of stress, strain, temperature and strain rate was constructed based on the intensive data, which supplies the stress data to arbitrary temperature, strain rate, and strain.

The configuration space is a fundamental concept that is widely used in algorithmic robotics. Many applications in robotics, computer-aided design, and related areas can be reduced to computational problems in terms of configuration spaces. In this paper, we survey some of our recent work on solving two important challenges related to configuration spaces: how to efficiently compute an approximate representation of high-dimensional configuration spaces; and how to efficiently perform geometric proximity and motion planning queries in high-dimensional configuration spaces. We present new configuration space construction algorithms based on machine learning and geometric approximation techniques. These algorithms perform collision queries on many configuration samples. The collision query results are used to compute an approximate representation for the configuration space, which quickly converges to the exact configuration space. We also present parallel GPU-based algorithms to accelerate the performance of optimization and search computations in configuration spaces. In particular, we design efficient GPU-based parallel k-nearest neighbor and parallel collision detection algorithms and use these algorithms to accelerate motion planning.

The study was designed to explore the mechanism of tunicamycin-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress in human esophageal cancer EC9706 cells and EC109 cells, as well as its effects on cell autophagy, apoptosis, and chemoresistance. Tunicamycin-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress model was established in EC9706 and EC109 cell lines. Western blotting was employed to detect the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress iconic protein GRP78. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was used to evaluate the effect of different cisplatin and tunicamycin concentrations on survival rate of EC9706 cells and EC109 cells. Autophagy was monitored using monodansylcadaverin and apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Western blotting was used to detect the expressions of endoplasmic reticulum stress–related proteins (PERK, eIF2α, and CHOP), PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway–related proteins, autophagy-related proteins (LC3-I/LC3-II, Beclin-1, and p62), and apoptosis-related proteins (Bcl-2, Bax, and cleaved caspase-3). Tunicamycin led to increased expression of GRP78. With tunicamycin treatment, phosphorylation of PERK and eIF2α and CHOP expression increased. Meanwhile, the increase in cytolysosome was concentration and time dependent. With the increased tunicamycin concentration, there were increased expressions of Bax and cleaved caspase-3, decreased expression of Bcl-2, and lower phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway–related proteins. Therefore, it can be concluded that the combination of tunicamycin and cisplatin could improve the sensitivity of EC9706 cells and EC109 cells to cisplatin; PI3K inhibitor BEZ235 could enhance cell autophagy and apoptosis and increase cell sensitivity to cisplatin.

In order to predict hot deformation behavior of superalloy nimonic 80A, a back-propagational artificial neural network (BP-ANN) and strain-dependent Arrhenius-type model were established based on the experimental data from isothermal compression tests on a Gleeble-3500 thermo-mechanical simulator at temperatures ranging of 1050–1250 °C, strain rates ranging of 0.01–10.0 s−1. A comparison on a BP-ANN model and modified Arrhenius-type constitutive equation has been implemented in terms of statistical parameters, involving mean value of relative (μ), standard deviation (w), correlation coefficient (R) and average absolute relative error (AARE). The μ -value and w -value of the improved Arrhenius-type model are 3.0012% and 2.0533%, respectively, while their values of the BP-ANN model are 0.0714% and 0.2564%, respectively. Meanwhile, the R-value and ARRE-value for the improved Arrhenius-type model are 0.9899 and 3.06%, while their values for the BP-ANN model are 0.9998 and 1.20%. The results indicate that the BP-ANN model can accurately track the experimental data and show a good generalization capability to predict complex flow behavior. Then, a 3D continuous interaction space for temperature, strain rate, strain and stress was constructed based on the expanded data predicted by a well-trained BP-ANN model. The developed 3D continuous space for hot working parameters articulates the intrinsic relationships of superalloy nimonic 80A.

In the title compound, C16H17FN2O4·H2O, the dihedral angle between the heterocyclic ring and the benzene ring is 5.77 (9)°, that between the heterocycle and the ethoxycarbonyl plane is 15.5 (1)°, and that between the heterocyclic ring and the cyclopropane ring is 67.75 (13)°. In the crystal structure, molecules are linked into a ribbon-like structure along the c axis by N—H...O and O—H...O hydrogen bonds.