50 results on '"Ji-Yeong Bae"'
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2. 6-Oxofurostane and (iso)Spirostane Types of Saponins in Smilax sieboldii: UHPLC-QToF-MS/MS and GNPS-Molecular Networking Approach for the Rapid Dereplication and Biodistribution of Specialized Metabolites
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Bharathi Avula, Ji-Yeong Bae, Jongmin Ahn, Kumar Katragunta, Yan-Hong Wang, Mei Wang, Yongsoo Kwon, Ikhlas A. Khan, and Amar G. Chittiboyina
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phytochemicals ,steroidal saponins ,hyphenated methods ,liquid chromatography ,molecular networking ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Identifying novel phytochemical secondary metabolites following classical pharmacognostic investigations is tedious and often involves repetitive chromatographic efforts. During the past decade, Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole Time of Flight-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-QToF-MS/MS), in combination with molecular networking, has been successfully demonstrated for the rapid dereplication of novel natural products in complex mixtures. As a logical application of such innovative tools in botanical research, more than 40 unique 3-oxy-, 3, 6-dioxy-, and 3, 6, 27-trioxy-steroidal saponins were identified in aerial parts and rhizomes of botanically verified Smilax sieboldii. Tandem mass diagnostic fragmentation patterns of aglycones, diosgenin, sarsasapogenin/tigogenin, or laxogenin were critical to establishing the unique nodes belonging to six groups of nineteen unknown steroidal saponins identified in S. sieboldii. Mass fragmentation analysis resulted in the identification of 6-hydroxy sapogenins, believed to be key precursors in the biogenesis of characteristic smilaxins and sieboldins, along with other saponins identified within S. sieboldii. These analytes’ relative biodistribution and characteristic molecular networking profiles were established by analyzing the leaf, stem, and root/rhizome of S. sieboldii. Deducing such profiles is anticipated to aid the overall product integrity of botanical dietary supplements while avoiding tedious pharmacognostic investigations and helping identify exogenous components within the finished products.
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- 2023
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3. Daphne jejudoensis Attenuates LPS-Induced Inflammation by Inhibiting TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, iNOS, and COX-2 Expression in Periodontal Ligament Cells
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Ji-Yeong Bae, Dong-Seol Lee, You Kyoung Cho, Ji-Yeon Lee, Joo-Hwang Park, and Sang Ho Lee
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Daphne jejudoensis ,anti-inflammatory activity ,Thymelaeaceae ,periodontitis ,lipopolysaccharide ,Medicine ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
Periodontitis is a common disease involving inflammation and tissue destruction in the periodontal region. Although uncontrolled long-term inflammation in the gingiva may lead to loss of the periodontal ligament, treatments or preventive solutions for periodontitis are scarce. The aim of this study is to find anti-inflammatory material from a natural source that can be used to treat or protect against periodontitis. Daphne species (Thymelaeaceae) are important and popular components of traditional Chinese medicine and are used as anti-inflammatory agents. Daphne jejudoensis is an endemic plant that grows on Jeju Island and was identified as a new species in 2013. In this study, for the first time, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of D. jejudoensis leaf extract (DJLE) on human periodontal ligament cells. The gene expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β and 6 and tumor necrosis factor-α) and inflammation-inducible enzymes (inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2) were reduced after DJLE treatment with/without lipopolysaccharide stimulation. The findings of this study indicate that D. jejudoensis possesses anti-inflammatory activities, suggesting that DJLE may be a potential preventive and therapeutic agent for periodontitis.
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- 2022
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4. Metabolism of primaquine in normal human volunteers: investigation of phase I and phase II metabolites from plasma and urine using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry
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Bharathi Avula, Babu L. Tekwani, Narayan D. Chaurasiya, Pius Fasinu, N. P. Dhammika Nanayakkara, H. M. T. Bhandara Herath, Yan-Hong Wang, Ji-Yeong Bae, Shabana I. Khan, Mahmoud A. Elsohly, James D. McChesney, Peter A. Zimmerman, Ikhlas A. Khan, and Larry A. Walker
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Primaquine ,Antimalarial ,Malaria ,Plasmodium vivax ,8-aminoquinoline ,Drug metabolism ,Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,RC955-962 ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Background Primaquine (PQ), an 8-aminoquinoline, is the only drug approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for radical cure and prevention of relapse in Plasmodium vivax infections. Knowledge of the metabolism of PQ is critical for understanding the therapeutic efficacy and hemolytic toxicity of this drug. Recent in vitro studies with primary human hepatocytes have been useful for developing the ultra high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometric (UHPLC-QToF-MS) methods for simultaneous determination of PQ and its metabolites generated through phase I and phase II pathways for drug metabolism. Methods These methods were further optimized and applied for phenotyping PQ metabolites from plasma and urine from healthy human volunteers treated with single 45 mg dose of PQ. Identity of the metabolites was predicted by MetaboLynx using LC–MS/MS fragmentation patterns. Selected metabolites were confirmed with appropriate standards. Results Besides PQ and carboxy PQ (cPQ), the major plasma metabolite, thirty-four additional metabolites were identified in human plasma and urine. Based on these metabolites, PQ is viewed as metabolized in humans via three pathways. Pathway 1 involves direct glucuronide/glucose/carbamate/acetate conjugation of PQ. Pathway 2 involves hydroxylation (likely cytochrome P450-mediated) at different positions on the quinoline ring, with mono-, di-, or even tri-hydroxylations possible, and subsequent glucuronide conjugation of the hydroxylated metabolites. Pathway 3 involves the monoamine oxidase catalyzed oxidative deamination of PQ resulting in formation of PQ-aldehyde, PQ alcohol and cPQ, which are further metabolized through additional phase I hydroxylations and/or phase II glucuronide conjugations. Conclusion This approach and these findings augment our understanding and provide comprehensive view of pathways for PQ metabolism in humans. These will advance the clinical studies of PQ metabolism in different populations for different therapeutic regimens and an understanding of the role these play in PQ efficacy and safety outcomes, and their possible relation to metabolizing enzyme polymorphisms.
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- 2018
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5. Protective Effect of Carotenoid Extract from Orange-Fleshed Sweet Potato on Gastric Ulcer in Mice by Inhibition of NO, IL-6 and PGE2 Production
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Ji-Yeong Bae, Woo-Sung Park, Hye-Jin Kim, Ho-Soo Kim, Kwon-Kyoo Kang, Sang-Soo Kwak, and Mi-Jeong Ahn
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carotenoid ,orange-fleshed sweet potato ,gastric ulcer ,anti-inflammatory activity ,Medicine ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam., Convolvulaceae is widely distributed in Asian areas from tropical to warm-temperature regions. Their tubers are known for their antioxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-diabetic, wound healing, anti-inflammatory, and anti-ulcer activities. The preventive and therapeutic effects of orange-fleshed sweet potato on gastric ulcers have not been investigated. In this study, the carotenoid extract (CE) of orange-fleshed sweet potato was found to protect against gastric ulcers induced by HCl/ethanol in mice. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of the carotenoid pigment extract were also evaluated as possible evidence of their protective effects. Administration of CE reduced gastric ulcers. Oral administration of CE (100 mg/kg) protected against gastric ulcers by 78.1%, similar to the positive control, sucralfate (77.5%). CE showed potent reducing power and decreased nitric oxide production in a mouse macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7, in a concentration-dependent manner. The production of the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 and prostaglandin E2 was also reduced by CE in a dose-dependent manner. The high carotenoid content of orange-fleshed sweet potato could play a role in its protective effect against gastric ulcers. This result suggests the possibility of developing functional products using this nutrient-fortified material.
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- 2021
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6. Dibenzocyclooctadiene Lignans in Plant Parts and Fermented Beverages of Schisandra chinensis
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Woo Sung Park, Kyung Ah Koo, Ji-Yeong Bae, Hye-Jin Kim, Dong-Min Kang, Ji-Min Kwon, Seung-Mann Paek, Mi Kyeong Lee, Chul Young Kim, and Mi-Jeong Ahn
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Schisandra chinensis ,Omija ,dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans ,seed ,flower ,fermented beverage ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
The fruit of Schisandra chinensis, Omija, is a well-known traditional medicine used as an anti-tussive and anti-diarrhea agent, with various biological activities derived from the dibenzocyclooctadiene-type lignans. A high-pressure liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) method was used to determine seven lignans (schisandrol A and B, tigloylgomisin H, angeloylgomisin H, schisandrin A, B, and C) in the different plant parts and beverages of the fruit of S. chinensis grown in Korea. The contents of these lignans in the plant parts descended in the following order: seeds, flowers, leaves, pulp, and stems. The total lignan content in Omija beverages fermented with white sugar for 12 months increased by 2.6-fold. Omija was fermented for 12 months with white sugar, brown sugar, and oligosaccharide/white sugar (1:1, w/w). The total lignan content in Omija fermented with oligosaccharide/white sugar was approximately 1.2- and 1.7-fold higher than those fermented with white sugar and brown sugar, respectively. A drink prepared by immersion of the fruit in alcohol had a higher total lignan content than these fermented beverages. This is the first report documenting the quantitative changes in dibenzocyclooctadiene-type lignans over a fermentation period and the effects of the fermentable sugars on this eco-friendly fermentation process.
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- 2021
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7. Decaffeinated Green Tea Extract Does Not Elicit Hepatotoxic Effects and Modulates the Gut Microbiome in Lean B6C3F1 Mice
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Bill J. Gurley, Isabelle R. Miousse, Intawat Nookaew, Laura E. Ewing, Charles M. Skinner, Piroon Jenjaroenpun, Thidathip Wongsurawat, Stefanie Kennon-McGill, Bharathi Avula, Ji-Yeong Bae, Mitchell R. McGill, David Ussery, Ikhlas A. Khan, and Igor Koturbash
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catechins ,green tea extract ,herbal dietary supplements ,hepatotoxicity ,microbiome ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to investigate the hepatotoxic potential and effects on the gut microbiome of decaffeinated green tea extract (dGTE) in lean B6C3F1 mice. Gavaging dGTE over a range of 1X–10X mouse equivalent doses (MED) for up to two weeks did not elicit significant histomorphological, physiological, biochemical or molecular alterations in mouse livers. At the same time, administration of dGTE at MED comparable to those consumed by humans resulted in significant modulation of gut microflora, with increases in Akkermansia sp. being most pronounced. Results of this study demonstrate that administration of relevant-to-human-consumption MED of dGTE to non-fasting mice does not lead to hepatotoxicity. Furthermore, dGTE administered to lean mice, caused changes in gut microflora comparable to those observed in obese mice. This study provides further insight into the previously reported weight management properties of dGTE; however, future studies are needed to fully evaluate and understand this effect.
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- 2019
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8. A Comprehensive Workflow for the Analysis of Bio-Macromolecular Supplements: Case Study of 20 Whey Protein Products
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Mei Wang, Amar G. Chittiboyina, Ji-Yeong Bae, Jianping Zhao, Anter A Shami, Bharathi Avula, Yan-Hong Wang, Ikhlas A. Khan, Joshua S. Sharp, Mohammad Riaz, Natascha Techen, and Iffat Parveen
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Proteomics ,0301 basic medicine ,Whey protein ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Chemistry ,030229 sport sciences ,Product characteristics ,Mass Spectrometry ,Workflow ,Protein profiling ,Protein content ,03 medical and health sciences ,Whey Proteins ,0302 clinical medicine ,Dietary Supplements ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Food science ,Bradford protein assay ,Food Science ,Total protein - Abstract
The presence of bio-macromolecules as major ingredients is a primary factor in marketing many biologically derived macromolecular supplements. Workflows for analyzing these supplements for quality assurance, adulteration, and other supply-chain difficulties must include a qualitative assessment of small-molecule and macromolecular components; however, no such integrated protocol has been reported for these bio-macromolecular supplements. Twenty whey protein supplements were analyzed using an integrated workflow to identify protein content, protein adulteration, inorganic elemental content, and macromolecular and small-molecule profiles. Orthogonal analytical methods were employed, including NMR profiling, LC-DAD-QToF analysis of small-molecule components, ICP-MS analysis of inorganic elements, determination of total protein content by a Bradford assay, SDS-PAGE protein profiling, and bottom-up shotgun proteomic analysis using LC-MS-MS. All 20 supplements showed a reduced protein content compared to the claimed content but no evidence of adulteration with protein from an unclaimed source. Many supplements included unlabeled small-molecule additives (but nontoxic) and significant deviations in metal content, highlighting the importance of both macromolecular and small-molecule analysis in the comprehensive profiling of macromolecular supplements. An orthogonal, integrated workflow allowed the detection of crucial product characteristics that would have remained unidentified using traditional workflows involving either analysis of small-molecule nutritional supplements or protein analysis.
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- 2021
9. Quantification and Characterization of Phenolic Compounds from Northern Indian Propolis Extracts and Dietary Supplements
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Ikhlas A. Khan, Bharathi Avula, S Sagi, Ji-Yeong Bae, Mubashir Hussain Masoodi, and Adil Farooq Wali
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Pharmacology ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Traditional medicine ,Plant Extracts ,Quality assessment ,Chemistry ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Fatty acid ,Propolis ,Antimicrobial ,01 natural sciences ,Reference Daily Intake ,0104 chemical sciences ,Analytical Chemistry ,Terpene ,010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry ,Phenols ,Dietary Supplements ,Animals ,Environmental Chemistry ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Chemical fingerprinting ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ,Food Science - Abstract
Background Propolis is a resinous substance produced by bees. Propolis extracts have been used for anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities. The use of propolis dietary supplements has been increasing in the United States and the rest of the world. Objective A simple, economic, and valid analytical method is needed for quality assessment of dietary supplements and extracts claiming to contain propolis. Methods A ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) quadropole time-of-flight-MS method was used to characterize the chemical composition of northern Indian propolis. Fourteen major phenolic compounds were quantified using a UHPLC-DAD method. An HPTLC method was used to develop chemical fingerprinting profiles for propolis extracts and dietary supplements. The seven propolis extracts and 14 dietary supplements purchased in the U.S. were analyzed using the UHPLC-DAD-QToF method. Results Fifty-seven compounds belonging to phenolic, coumarin, fatty acid, and terpene classes were identified in propolis extracts. Based on quantification results, the content of 14 phenolic compounds in propolis extracts varied from 19–32% in dietary supplements, a significant variation to the recommended daily intake (0.2–94 mg/day). Conclusions/Highlights The developed analytical methods can be used for quality assessment of propolis extracts and dietary supplements.
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- 2020
10. The scoop on brain health dietary supplement products containing huperzine A
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Ji-Yeong Bae, Patricia A. Deuster, Yan-Hong Wang, Ikhlas A. Khan, Bharathi Avula, and Cindy Crawford
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medicine.medical_specialty ,SCOOP ,Dietary supplement ,Context (language use) ,Product Labeling ,Toxicology ,Mass Spectrometry ,Cognitive health ,03 medical and health sciences ,Alkaloids ,0302 clinical medicine ,Environmental health ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Huperzine A ,computer.programming_language ,biology ,Public health ,Brain ,030208 emergency & critical care medicine ,General Medicine ,Huperzia serrata ,biology.organism_classification ,Dietary Supplements ,Drug Contamination ,Psychology ,Sesquiterpenes ,computer ,Chromatography, Liquid ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Context: Public health concerns are emerging surrounding huperzine A commonly found in dietary supplements. We sought to determine the actual content of products claiming to contain huperzine A and...
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- 2020
11. Chemometric analysis and chemical characterization for the botanical identification of Glycyrrhiza species (G. glabra, G. uralensis, G. inflata, G. echinata and G. lepidota) using liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (LC-QToF)
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Bharathi Avula, Ji-Yeong Bae, Amar G. Chittiboyina, Yan-Hong Wang, Mei Wang, Jianping Zhao, Zulfiqar Ali, Josef A. Brinckmann, Jing Li, Charles Wu, and Ikhlas A. Khan
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Food Science - Published
- 2022
12. Anthraquinone-Based Specialized Metabolites from Rhizomes of Bulbine natalensis
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Ji-Yeong Bae, Yan-Hong Wang, Ikhlas A. Khan, Ahmed A. Zaki, Zulfiqar Ali, Alvaro M. Viljoen, and Amar G. Chittiboyina
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Pharmacology ,Circular dichroism ,biology ,010405 organic chemistry ,Stereochemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Bulbine ,Antimicrobial ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,Anthraquinone ,0104 chemical sciences ,Analytical Chemistry ,Rhizome ,010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,chemistry ,Drug Discovery ,Molecular Medicine ,Anthraquinone Derivatives ,Specific rotation ,Two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy - Abstract
The rhizomes of Bulbine natalensis furnished six previously unreported anthraquinone derivatives (1-6), together with eight known specialized metabolites. Their structures were determined by interpretation of 1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS data. The absolute configurations of compounds 1-6 were determined by specific rotation and circular dichroism experiments. The isolated compounds were evaluated for antimicrobial activities, and compound 1 was found to be a moderate inhibitor (IC50 0.02 μM) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
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- 2019
13. Quantitative determination and pharmacokinetic study of fusaricidin A in mice plasma and tissues using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
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Mohammad K. Ashfaq, Qiu Shi, Bharathi Avula, Ji-Yeong Bae, Ikhlas A. Khan, Mona H. Haron, Xing-Cong Li, Shaohua Guan, Shabana I. Khan, and Maud Hinchee
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Male ,Electrospray ionization ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Cmax ,Pharmaceutical Science ,01 natural sciences ,Analytical Chemistry ,Mice ,Plasma ,Bacterial Proteins ,Pharmacokinetics ,Limit of Detection ,Tandem Mass Spectrometry ,Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry ,Depsipeptides ,Drug Discovery ,Animals ,Tissue Distribution ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ,Spectroscopy ,Volume of distribution ,Detection limit ,Chromatography ,010405 organic chemistry ,Chemistry ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Selected reaction monitoring ,Reproducibility of Results ,0104 chemical sciences ,Calibration ,Quantitative analysis (chemistry) - Abstract
Fusaricidins are a family of cyclic lipodepsipeptides that convey antifungal and antibacterial activity. Fusaricidin A (FA) is one of the Fusaricidins major compounds and it is showing promising activity against fungi and bacteria. In the present study, a fast and sensitive ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method was developed for the analysis of FA in mice plasma, liver, kidney and brain tissues. The instrument was operated in positive electrospray ionization mode. Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode was performed with ion pairs of m/z: 883.5→256.3, 883.5→197.2 and 883.5→72.1 for FA. The method was validated for linearity, repeatability, accuracy, stability, limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantification (LOQ). The LOD and LOQ were 0.01 and 0.05 ng/mL for plasma and tissues, respectively. The calibration curve (10-200 ng/mL) was linear ( r2 = 0.99). Precision and accuracy values were found to be < 10% (within acceptable limit). The pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution characteristics of FA were determined in plasma, liver, kidney and brain of CD1 mice after I.V. administration of a single dose of 15 mg/kg body weight. Highest plasma concentration (Cmax) was calculated to be 4169.97 ± 50 ng/mL with a tmax of 0.08 h. The plasma clearance rate of FA was 397.6 ± 203 mL/h with a t1/2 of 2.2 ± 0.5 h and apparent volume of distribution during the terminal phase (Vz) of 979.2 ± 318 mL. The highest tissue concentration (Cmax) was found in the liver (219 ± 14 ng/mg) at a tmax of 0.08 h followed by the kidneys (38.6 ± 16 ng/mg) at tmax of 0.2 h. FA was poorly distributed to the brain with a Cmax of 0.45 ± 0.2 ng/mg and a tmax of 0.08 h. The method for quantitative analysis and pharmacokinetic data provided will support the development of various formulation approaches and therapeutic application for future clinical studies.
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- 2019
14. A new anti-Helicobacter pylori juglone from Reynoutria japonica
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Atif Ali Khan Khalil, Mi-Jeong Ahn, Jeehoon Lee, Hye Jin Kim, Kazi-Marjahan Akter, Ji-Yeong Bae, Woo Sung Park, Man-Seog Chun, Young-Min Goo, and Jung-Hwan Kim
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0301 basic medicine ,Stereochemistry ,Chemical structure ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,Plant Roots ,Anthraquinone ,Japonica ,Phthalide ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Clarithromycin ,Drug Discovery ,Anthraquinones ,medicine ,Ethanol ,Helicobacter pylori ,biology ,Plant Extracts ,Organic Chemistry ,biology.organism_classification ,Polygonaceae ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Molecular Medicine ,Antibacterial activity ,Juglone ,Naphthoquinones ,medicine.drug - Abstract
A 70% ethanol extract from the root portion of Reynoutria japonica afforded one new and three known juglone derivatives, namely, 2-methoxy-6-acetyl-7-methyljuglone (1), 2-ethoxy-6-acetyl-7-methyljuglone (2), 2-methoxy-7-acetonyljuglone (3), and 3-acetyl-7-methoxy-2-methyljuglone (4) together with two phenolics (5 and 6), an anthraquinone (7), a stilbene (8) and a phthalide (9). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of comprehensive spectroscopic studies including IR, MS, and 1H, 13C, 2D NMR spectra. Compound 3 is a new compound in nature, and compounds 4–6 have been isolated for the first time from R. japonica. The isolates were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against three strains (43504, 51, and 26695) of Helicobacter pylori. The four isolated juglone derivatives (1–4) showed potent growth inhibitory activity. Among them, compounds 1–3 exhibited stronger inhibitory activity than those of the positive controls, juglone and metronidazole, for the three strains and that of another reference, clarithromycin, for the 43504 and 51 strains. Specifically, the new juglone compound 3 displayed the most potent antibacterial activity against all three strains, 43504, 51, and 26695, with MIC values of 0.06, 0.06 and 0.13 μM, respectively, and MIC50 values of 0.14, 0.11 and 0.15 μM, respectively.
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- 2019
15. Microscopic characterization and HPTLC of the leaves, stems and roots of Fadogia agrestis – an African folk medicinal plant
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Ji-Yeong Bae, Jane Manfron Budel, Ahmed Galal Osman, Zulfiqar Ali, Jianping Zhao, Vijayasankar Raman, Bharathi Avula, and Ikhlas A. Khan
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0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Total phenolics ,Flavonoid ,Vangueria agrestis ,lcsh:RS1-441 ,01 natural sciences ,lcsh:Pharmacy and materia medica ,Dietary supplement ,03 medical and health sciences ,Botany ,General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics ,Fadogia ,Medicinal plants ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Authentication ,Microscopy ,Rubiaceae ,biology ,Epidermis (botany) ,fungi ,Quality control ,food and beverages ,biology.organism_classification ,Trichome ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Phloem ,Anatomy ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Fadogia agrestis Schweinf. ex Hiern (Vangueria agrestis (Schweinf. ex Hiern) Lantz), Rubiaceae, is an African traditional medicinal plant also used as a dietary supplement in the US. The present paper is the first report of the pharmacognostic study of the leaf, stem and root of F. agrestis by microscopy, HPTLC and total phenolic/flavonoid content analyses. Noteworthy microscopic features that can help in identification and quality control are septate and lignified non-glandular trichomes on leaf and stem epidermises, paracytic stomata on leaf abaxial epidermis, numerous cells containing yellow substances of presumably phenolic compounds in leaf and stem, calcium oxalate druses and prismatic crystals in leaf and styloids in stem, primary phloem fibers in stem, brachysclereids in stem and root, spherical starch grains in root, and vessels with vestured pits and simple perforated end walls. In addition to microscopy, a total phenolic/flavonoid content determination and an HPTLC method were also developed for rapid chemical fingerprint analyses of Fadogia samples and dietary supplements. Keywords: Authentication, Quality control, Anatomy, Microscopy, Total phenolics, Dietary supplement
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- 2018
16. Chemical Profiling and Characterization of Anthraquinones from Two Bulbine Species and Dietary Supplements Using Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry
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Yan-Hong Wang, Ikhlas A. Khan, Bharathi Avula, Ji-Yeong Bae, Zulfiqar Ali, and Mei Wang
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Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ,Asphodelaceae ,Bulbine ,Anthraquinones ,Mass spectrometry ,01 natural sciences ,Mass Spectrometry ,Analytical Chemistry ,Human health ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Chemical marker ,Environmental Chemistry ,Humans ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ,Pharmacology ,Chromatography ,biology ,010405 organic chemistry ,Quality assessment ,Plant Extracts ,biology.organism_classification ,0104 chemical sciences ,010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry ,chemistry ,Dietary Supplements ,Bulbine frutescens ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Food Science ,Chromatography, Liquid - Abstract
Background Bulbine natalensis Baker and Bulbine frutescens (L.) Willd., belonging to the family Asphodelaceae, are widely distributed in South Africa and traditionally used as an aphrodisiac and skin remedies. Objective The aim of this study is to develop an analytical method for chemical profiling and identification of components in Bulbine species, which would be useful for herbal identification and understanding of the biological activity of B. natalensis in terms of safety and benefits to human health. Method The anthraquinone-type compounds were structurally characterized from the extracts of dried stem and roots of Bulbine species and dietary supplements using liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QToF) with negative and positive ion electrospray. The calculated accurate masses of the protonated and deprotonated molecules and fragment ions were used for identification of the components from two Bulbine species. Results A total of 55 anthraquinone-type compounds, including 11 standard compounds, were identified in the crude extracts of two Bulbine species. Two Bulbine species and dietary supplements were clustered into different groups and possible chemical markers were identified. Conclusions The developed analytical method provided a fast and economic method for quality assessment of Bulbine species in dietary supplements based on anthraquinone-type compounds. Highlights This study reports holistic chemical profiling of Bulbine species using LC-QToF. The developed analytical method enabled non-targeted analysis of components in B. natalensis and B. frutescens, and is recommended for commercial and regulatory purposes.
- Published
- 2021
17. Dibenzocyclooctadiene Lignans in Plant Parts and Fermented Beverages of Schisandra chinensis
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Mi-Jeong Ahn, Kyung Ah Koo, Seung-Mann Paek, Hye Jin Kim, Ji-Yeong Bae, Woo Sung Park, Ji-Min Kwon, Dong-Min Kang, Chul Kim, and Mi Kyeong Lee
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Schisandra chinensis ,Omija ,030309 nutrition & dietetics ,Plant Science ,engineering.material ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Food science ,Sugar ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,030304 developmental biology ,Lignan ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,0303 health sciences ,Ecology ,Schisandrol A ,Tigloylgomisin H ,biology ,Chemistry ,Pulp (paper) ,Botany ,food and beverages ,Oligosaccharide ,biology.organism_classification ,flower ,QK1-989 ,fermented beverage ,engineering ,Fermentation ,seed ,dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans - Abstract
The fruit of Schisandra chinensis, Omija, is a well-known traditional medicine used as an anti-tussive and anti-diarrhea agent, with various biological activities derived from the dibenzocyclooctadiene-type lignans. A high-pressure liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) method was used to determine seven lignans (schisandrol A and B, tigloylgomisin H, angeloylgomisin H, schisandrin A, B, and C) in the different plant parts and beverages of the fruit of S. chinensis grown in Korea. The contents of these lignans in the plant parts descended in the following order: seeds, flowers, leaves, pulp, and stems. The total lignan content in Omija beverages fermented with white sugar for 12 months increased by 2.6-fold. Omija was fermented for 12 months with white sugar, brown sugar, and oligosaccharide/white sugar (1:1, w/w). The total lignan content in Omija fermented with oligosaccharide/white sugar was approximately 1.2- and 1.7-fold higher than those fermented with white sugar and brown sugar, respectively. A drink prepared by immersion of the fruit in alcohol had a higher total lignan content than these fermented beverages. This is the first report documenting the quantitative changes in dibenzocyclooctadiene-type lignans over a fermentation period and the effects of the fermentable sugars on this eco-friendly fermentation process.
- Published
- 2021
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18. Quantitative determination and characterization of polyphenols from Cissus quadrangularis L. and dietary supplements using UHPLC-PDA-MS, LC-QToF and HPTLC
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Ji-Yeong Bae, Zhihao Zhang, Jianping Zhao, Bharathi Avula, Yan-Hong Wang, Ikhlas A. Khan, Zulfiqar Ali, Mei Wang, and Amar G. Chittiboyina
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Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ,Phytochemistry ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Vitaceae ,Stem-and-leaf display ,01 natural sciences ,Analytical Chemistry ,Pallidol ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Drug Discovery ,Cissus quadrangularis ,Cissus ,Spectroscopy ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ,Chromatography ,biology ,010405 organic chemistry ,Plant Extracts ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Polyphenols ,Catechin ,biology.organism_classification ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry ,Polyphenol ,Africa ,Dietary Supplements - Abstract
Stem and leaf of Cissus quadrangularis L. (Vitaceae), indigenous to Asia and Africa, were used for medicinal and dietary purposes with limited information about the plant's phytochemistry. Stem and leaf samples were assessed for the simultaneous determination of polyphenolic compounds (catechin, epicatechin, quercetin-3-O-β-glucopyranoside, kaempferol-3-O-β-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-β-rhamnoside, leachianol F, amurensin A, pallidol, resveratrol, and quadrangularin A), using UHPLC-PDA-MS. The validation data showed that the method is precise, specific, accurate, and linear over the range of 0.5-100 μg/mL. Reversed-phase ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) fingerprints of the crude methanolic stem and leaf extracts of C. quadrangularis were obtained at different wavelengths based on their λmax. Polyphenolics were characterized using both UHPLC-PDA-MS and LC-QToF analysis. From liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-QToF) spectra, over 40 components were structurally correlated, and confirmation was based on the fragmentation characteristics and also from the information available in the literature. In addition to the LC-QToF method, a simple, fast HPTLC method was developed as a visual aid for the rapid qualitative analytical tool to help establish the quality assessment of botanical raw materials and dietary supplements claiming to contain Cissus.
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- 2021
19. Comparative analysis of five Salvia species using LC-DAD-QToF
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Bharathi Avula, Ji-Yeong Bae, Amar G. Chittiboyina, Yan-Hong Wang, Mei Wang, Radhakrishnan Srivedavyasasri, Zulfiqar Ali, Jing Li, Charles Wu, and Ikhlas A. Khan
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Plant Leaves ,Terpenes ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Drug Discovery ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Salvia miltiorrhiza ,Salvia ,Spectroscopy ,Analytical Chemistry - Abstract
Several Salvia species, commonly known as sage plants, are an integral part of various culinary and folklore preparations for the perceived wide range of effects from organoleptic to psychological. As a result, many of these species are an integral part of botanical drug applications, highlighting the need for accurate identification and quality control for consumer's safety. Five closely related Salvia species (S. officinalis, S. miltiorrhiza, S. divinorum, S. mellifera, and S. apiana) within a same botanical family were analyzed and differentiated using LC-QToF. Accurate mass measurement (5 ppm) of protonated and deprotonated molecules together with resulting fragments and product ions allowed unequivocal or tentative identification of more than 180 compounds either by comparison with reference standards or literature data. The leaf part were identified based on various phenolic acids, flavonoids as well as di- and tri-terpenoids. Polyphenolics, viz., salvianolic A/B and rosmarinic acids in S. officinalis, lipophilic diterpenoids, viz., tanshinones in S. miltiorrhiza, abietatriene diterpenes and triterpenoids (ursane-/olean-type) in S. mellifera, and S. apiana were identified as characteristic, significant components. In comparison, salvinorins and divinorins representing a class of neoclerodane diterpenoids were detected only in S. divinorum. The presented methodology can successfully be applied to qualitatively assess sage-based ingredients in various finished products and formulations.
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- 2022
20. Modulation of CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 activity by Bulbine natalensis and its constituents: An assessment of HDI risk of B. natalensis containing supplements
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Islam Husain, Bharathi Avula, Ji-Yeong Bae, Bill J. Gurley, Olivia R. Dale, Vamshi K. Manda, Amar G. Chittiboyina, Ikhlas A. Khan, Shabana I. Khan, and Manal Alhusban
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Male ,Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 Inhibitors ,Asphodelaceae ,Herb-Drug Interactions ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Bulbine ,Pharmacology ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Drug Discovery ,Anthraquinones ,Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A ,Humans ,CYP2C9 ,030304 developmental biology ,EC50 ,Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,0303 health sciences ,Pregnane X receptor ,Plants, Medicinal ,CYP3A4 ,biology ,Plant Extracts ,Pregnane X Receptor ,Cytochrome P450 ,Hep G2 Cells ,biology.organism_classification ,Molecular Docking Simulation ,Enzyme ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,chemistry ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Dietary Supplements ,biology.protein ,Molecular Medicine ,Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inhibitors - Abstract
Background Bulbine natalensis is an African-folk medicinal plant used as a dietary supplement for enhancing sexual function and muscle strength in males by presumably boosting testosterone levels, but no scientific information is available about the possible herb-drug interaction (HDI) risk when bulbine-containing supplements are concomitantly taken with prescription drugs. Purpose This study was aimed to investigate the HDI potential of B. natalensis in terms of the pregnane X receptor (PXR)-mediated induction of major drug-metabolizing cytochrome P450 enzyme isoforms (i.e., CYP3A4 and CYP2C9) as well as inhibition of their catalytic activity. Results We found that a methanolic extract of B. natalensis activated PXR (EC50 6.2 ± 0.6 µg/ml) in HepG2 cells resulting in increased mRNA expression of CYP3A4 (2.40 ± 0.01 fold) and CYP2C9 (3.37 ± 0.3 fold) at 30 µg/ml which was reflected in increased activites of the two enzymes. Among the constituents of B. natalensis, knipholone was the most potent PXR activator (EC50 0.3 ± 0.1 µM) followed by bulbine-knipholone (EC50 2.0 ± 0.5 µM), and 6′-methylknipholone (EC50 4.0 ± 0.5 µM). Knipholone was also the most effective in increasing the expression of CYP3A4 (8.47 ± 2.5 fold) and CYP2C9 (2.64 ± 0.3 fold) at 10 µM. Docking studies further confirmed the unique structural features associated with knipholones for their superior inductive potentials in the activation of PXR compared to other anthraquinones. In a CYP inhibition assay, the methanolic extract as well as the anthraquinones strongly inhibited the catalytic activity of CYP2C9 while, inhibition of CYP3A4 was weak. Conclusions These results suggest that consumption of B. natalensis may pose a potential risk for HDI if taken with conventional medications that are substrates of CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 and may contribute to unanticipated adverse reactions or therapeutic failures. Further studies are warranted to validate these findings and establish their clinical relevancy.
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- 2020
21. Chemical profiling and characterization of phenolic acids, flavonoids, terpene glycosides from Vangueria agrestis using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography/ion mobility quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry and metabolomics approach
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Ahmed Galal Osman, J Yuk, Bharathi Avula, Kerri M. Smith, Robert S. Plumb, Giorgis Isaac, Yan-Hong Wang, Ikhlas A. Khan, Ji-Yeong Bae, Zulfiqar Ali, and Mei Wang
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Clinical Biochemistry ,Vangueria agrestis ,Decoction ,Mass spectrometry ,030226 pharmacology & pharmacy ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,Analytical Chemistry ,Chemometrics ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Metabolomics ,Triterpene ,Drug Discovery ,Molecular Biology ,Pharmacology ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Chromatography ,biology ,Chemistry ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Glycoside ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,0104 chemical sciences ,Mass - Abstract
Vangueria agrestis is a shrub indigenous to tropical Africa, belonging to family Rubiaceae and is traditionally used as a decoction for treatment of fever, pain, and malaria. This study was undertaken to investigate the chemical constituents based on precursor exact mass and fragment ion information. The chemical profiling and structural characteristics of chemical constituents from methanolic extracts of dried aerial parts and roots of V. agrestis and dietary supplements were analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry coupled with UNIFI platform and multivariate analysis in both negative and positive ion modes. A non-targeted ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis was carried out to profile the chemical constituents of crude extracts of V. agrestis, and 73 compounds, including reference compounds, were identified. The fragments of flavonoids, monoterpene, and triterpene glycosides revealed the characteristic cleavage of glycosidic linkages, and the fragmentation pattern provided the identity of the sugars. This analytical method provides a quick method for quality assessment of dietary supplements. Finally, a chemometrics approach with multivariate statistical tools was used to visualize the differences between root and aerial parts of plant samples and to find the potential chemical markers that differentiate among these parts of V. agrestis samples and dietary supplements.
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- 2020
22. Chemical profiling and characterization of phenolic acids, flavonoids, terpene glycosides from Vangueria agrestis using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and metabolomics approach
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Bharathi, Avula, Ji-Yeong, Bae, Yan-Hong, Wang, Mei, Wang, Ahmed Galal, Osman, Kerri, Smith, Jimmy, Yuk, Zulfiqar, Ali, Robert, Plumb, Giorgis, Isaac, and Ikhlas A, Khan
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Flavonoids ,Phenols ,Plant Extracts ,Terpenes ,Dietary Supplements ,Rubiaceae ,Glycosides ,Plant Components, Aerial ,Plant Roots ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ,Mass Spectrometry - Abstract
Vangueria agrestis is a shrub indigenous to tropical Africa, belonging to family Rubiaceae and is traditionally used as a decoction for treatment of fever, pain, and malaria. This study was undertaken to investigate the chemical constituents based on precursor exact mass and fragment ion information. The chemical profiling and structural characteristics of chemical constituents from methanolic extracts of dried aerial parts and roots of V. agrestis and dietary supplements were analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry coupled with UNIFI platform and multivariate analysis in both negative and positive ion modes. A non-targeted ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis was carried out to profile the chemical constituents of crude extracts of V. agrestis, and 73 compounds, including reference compounds, were identified. The fragments of flavonoids, monoterpene, and triterpene glycosides revealed the characteristic cleavage of glycosidic linkages, and the fragmentation pattern provided the identity of the sugars. This analytical method provides a quick method for quality assessment of dietary supplements. Finally, a chemometrics approach with multivariate statistical tools was used to visualize the differences between root and aerial parts of plant samples and to find the potential chemical markers that differentiate among these parts of V. agrestis samples and dietary supplements.
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- 2020
23. The scoop on brain health dietary supplement products containing huperzine A
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Crawford, Cindy, Wang, Yan-Hong, Bharathi Avula, Ji-Yeong Bae, Ikhlas A. Khan, and Deuster, Patricia A.
- Abstract
Context: Public health concerns are emerging surrounding huperzine A commonly found in dietary supplements. We sought to determine the actual content of products claiming to contain huperzine A and whether the ingredients on the supplement facts labels matched the analyses. Methods: We identified and analyzed 22 dietary supplement products listing huperzine A on product labels. We found these products were listed in Natural Medicines and Dietary Supplement Databases and being queried by Military Service Members for enhanced mental focus, alertness and energy. Analyses were conducted by using Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry. Results: Sixteen (73%) products had at least one ingredient claimed on the supplement facts label not detected through analysis. Compounds not reported on the label were detected in 16 (73%) products analyzed. Nine products (41%) listed ingredients not meeting the regulations for being a dietary supplement ingredient according to the FDA. Ingredients of most concern detected include stimulants: demelverine, 1,5-dimethylhexylamine, 1,3-dimethylhexylamine, N-phenethyl dimethylamine, halostachine, higenamine, noopept, β-PEA, vinpocetine, sulbutiamine; and hordenine, currently on the FDA advisory list. Quantitative analysis showed the presence of huperzine A in the range from detected under the limits of quantification (DUL) to 267.1 µg/serving. Only two supplements showed huperzine A content within 10% of the declared amount. Conclusions: In a study of dietary supplements claiming to contain huperzine A, we found products that had at least one ingredient claimed on the supplement facts label not detected through analysis. Moreover, some ingredients not on the label could be dangerous and likely do not meet the definition of a dietary supplement ingredient according to the FDA. Quantitative analysis of huperzine A showed the amount detected was not in line with what appeared on the product label. Consumers should be aware of deceptive label claims and warned not to purchase products containing potentially dangerous ingredients.
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- 2020
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24. Quantification of Phenolic Compounds from Fadogia agrestis and Dietary Supplements using UHPLC-PDA-MS
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Ahmed Galal Osman, Vijayasankar Raman, Mei Wang, Yan-Hong Wang, Bharathi Avula, Ikhlas A. Khan, Ji-Yeong Bae, Zulfiqar Ali, and Omer I. Fantoukh
- Subjects
Formic acid ,Electrospray ionization ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Rubiaceae ,Mass spectrometry ,Plant Roots ,01 natural sciences ,Mass Spectrometry ,Analytical Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Phenols ,Limit of Detection ,Drug Discovery ,Acetonitrile ,Medicine, African Traditional ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ,Pharmacology ,Detection limit ,Plants, Medicinal ,Chromatography ,Plant Stems ,010405 organic chemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,Repeatability ,0104 chemical sciences ,Plant Leaves ,010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,chemistry ,Dietary Supplements ,Fadogia agrestis ,Molecular Medicine ,Quantitative analysis (chemistry) - Abstract
Fadogia agrestis is used in traditional African medicine as an analgesic and for anti-inflammatory and aphrodisiac activities. An ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed for the determination of 11 chemical constituents from roots and aerial parts of F. agrestis. The separation was achieved within 7 min by using C-18 column material and a water/acetonitrile mobile phase, both containing 0.1% formic acid gradient system with a temperature of 45 °C. The method was validated for linearity, repeatability, limits of detection, and limits of quantification. The limits of detection of phenolic compounds were found to be in the range from 0.025 to 0.1 µg/mL. The wavelengths used for quantification with the photodiode array detector were 238, 254, 291, and 325 nm. Twelve of 17 dietary supplements contained phenolic compounds in the range from 0.3 to 2.7 mg/d. The phenolic compounds were not detected in five dietary supplements. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry coupled with electrospray ionization interface method is described for the identification and confirmation of compounds from plant samples and dietary supplements claiming to contain F. agrestis. This method involved the use of [M + H]+ and [M + Na]+ ions in the positive mode and [M − H]− ions in the negative mode with extractive ion monitoring. The developed method is simple, economic, rapid, and especially suitable for quality control and chemical fingerprint analysis of F. agrestis.
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- 2018
25. Development and Validation of a UHPLC-PDA-MS Method for the Quantitative Analysis of Anthraquinones in Bulbine natalensis Extracts and Dietary Supplements
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Yan-Hong Wang, Ikhlas A. Khan, Bharathi Avula, Zulfiqar Ali, Alvaro M. Viljeon, Mei Wang, and Ji-Yeong Bae
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Electrospray ,Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ,Asphodelaceae ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Anthraquinones ,Mass spectrometry ,01 natural sciences ,Anthraquinone ,Analytical Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Limit of Detection ,Drug Discovery ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ,Pharmacology ,Detection limit ,Chromatography ,Molecular Structure ,010405 organic chemistry ,Plant Extracts ,Organic Chemistry ,Repeatability ,0104 chemical sciences ,010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,chemistry ,Chromone ,Dietary Supplements ,Molecular Medicine ,Quantitative analysis (chemistry) - Abstract
A UHPLC-photodiode array-MS method was developed and validated for the quantification of one chromone and six anthraquinone type of compounds from Bulbine natalensis plant samples and dietary supplements. Metabolites 1 – 7 were identified based on their retention times and electrospray ionization-MS spectra compared with a mix of previously isolated compounds. The quantification of 1 – 7 was based on photodiode array detection. The optimized separation was achieved using a CORTECS C18 column with a gradient of water/acetonitrile as the mobile phase. Seven compounds were separated within 15 minutes with detection limits of 50 pg on the column. The analytical method was validated for linearity, repeatability, accuracy, limits of detection, and limits of quantification. The relative standard deviations for intra- and inter-day experiments were less than 5% and the recovery efficiency was 98 – 101%. Nine dietary supplements labeled as containing B. natalensis were examined. Anthraquinone-type compounds were detected in only five out of nine dietary supplements, with the total amount ranging from 11.3 to 90.4 mg per daily dose. The analytical method is simple, economic, rapid, and can be applied for quality assessment of B. natalensis and dietary supplements. Electrospray ionization-MS was used for the identification of these compounds in plant samples and dietary products.
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- 2019
26. Decaffeinated Green Tea Extract Does Not Elicit Hepatotoxic Effects and Modulates the Gut Microbiome in Lean B6C3F1 Mice
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Bharathi Avula, Thidathip Wongsurawat, Isabelle R. Miousse, Intawat Nookaew, David W. Ussery, Bill J. Gurley, Charles M. Skinner, Ji-Yeong Bae, Igor Koturbash, Stefanie Kennon-McGill, Mitchell R. McGill, Laura E. Ewing, Ikhlas A. Khan, and Piroon Jenjaroenpun
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0301 basic medicine ,hepatotoxicity ,Future studies ,herbal dietary supplements ,microbiome ,lcsh:TX341-641 ,Green tea extract ,Pharmacology ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Microbiome ,green tea extract ,catechins ,Gut microflora ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,biology ,Catechin ,Akkermansia ,respiratory system ,biology.organism_classification ,Gut microbiome ,3. Good health ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Toxicity ,lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,Food Science - Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to investigate the hepatotoxic potential and effects on the gut microbiome of decaffeinated green tea extract (dGTE) in lean B6C3F1 mice. Gavaging dGTE over a range of 1X&ndash, 10X mouse equivalent doses (MED) for up to two weeks did not elicit significant histomorphological, physiological, biochemical or molecular alterations in mouse livers. At the same time, administration of dGTE at MED comparable to those consumed by humans resulted in significant modulation of gut microflora, with increases in Akkermansia sp. being most pronounced. Results of this study demonstrate that administration of relevant-to-human-consumption MED of dGTE to non-fasting mice does not lead to hepatotoxicity. Furthermore, dGTE administered to lean mice, caused changes in gut microflora comparable to those observed in obese mice. This study provides further insight into the previously reported weight management properties of dGTE, however, future studies are needed to fully evaluate and understand this effect.
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- 2019
27. Liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometric method for targeted analysis of 111 nitrogen-based compounds in weight loss and ergogenic supplements
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Ji-Yeong Bae, Amar G. Chittiboyina, Mei Wang, Yan-Hong Wang, Ikhlas A. Khan, and Bharathi Avula
- Subjects
Clinical Biochemistry ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Phenethylamines ,Electrons ,Performance-Enhancing Substances ,Mass spectrometry ,01 natural sciences ,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ,Analytical Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Evodiamine ,Limit of Detection ,Drug Discovery ,medicine ,Ephedrine ,Amines ,Nitrogen Compounds ,Spectroscopy ,Detection limit ,Ions ,Chromatography ,010405 organic chemistry ,Chemistry ,Hordenine ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Synephrine ,Reproducibility of Results ,Repeatability ,0104 chemical sciences ,Dietary Supplements ,Solvents ,Central Nervous System Stimulants ,Anti-Obesity Agents ,medicine.drug ,Chromatography, Liquid - Abstract
The use of supplements for weight loss and in sports as pre-workout (ergogenic) products is widespread. Many of these supplements were found to contain active components, which were not claimed on the products labels. A validated liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry quadrupole time-of-flight (LC-QToF-MS) method was developed for the simultaneous analysis of 111 amine-based compounds belonging to ergogenics, anorectics and other active components including phenethylamines (amphetamines, ephedrines), sibutramine or yohimbine. This method involves the detection of [M+H]+ ions and the separation was achieved using a C18 column, water/acetonitrile gradient as the mobile phase. The method was validated for linearity, repeatability, accuracy, stability, system suitability, limits of quantification (LOQ) and limits of detection (LOD). The limits of detection were in the range from 0.001-0.5 μg/mL. The validated method was applied to the analysis of twenty-seven weight loss and ergogenic dietary supplements. Two-thirds of the supplements contained compounds that were not listed on the product’s label. These include several phenethylamines (PEA) such as demelverine, hordenine, N, N-dimethyl-phenethylamine, synephrine, N-methyl-β-phenethylamine, and methylsynephrine. In addition, the PEA mimics such as dimethylamylamine, dimethylbutylamine other stimulants including fursultiamine, evodiamine, phenibut and theophylline were also observed. One or more of the ingredients listed on the labels were not detected in forty-four percent of the products analyzed. Positive identification was based on retention time, accurate mass and fragment ions in comparison with the respective reference standards. Development of such methods is anticipated to be of aid to regulatory agencies for the identification of undeclared exogenous components that are found in many dietary supplement products.
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- 2018
28. Chemical Profiling and Characterization of Anthraquinones from Two Bulbine Species and Dietary Supplements Using Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry.
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Avula, Bharathi, Ji-Yeong Bae, Yan-Hong Wang, Mei Wang, Ali, Zulfiqar, and Khan, Ikhlas A.
- Subjects
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DIETARY supplements , *MASS spectrometry , *TIME-of-flight mass spectrometry , *ANTHRAQUINONES , *DAUGHTER ions - Abstract
Background: Bulbine natalensis Baker and Bulbine frutescens (L.) Willd., belonging to the family Asphodelaceae, are widely distributed in South Africa and traditionally used as an aphrodisiac and skin remedies. Objective: The aim of this study is to develop an analytical method for chemical profiling and identification of components in Bulbine species, which would be useful for herbal identification and understanding of the biological activity of B. natalensis in terms of safety and benefits to human health. Method: The anthraquinone-type compounds were structurally characterized from the extracts of dried stem and roots of Bulbine species and dietary supplements using liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QToF) with negative and positive ion electrospray. The calculated accurate masses of the protonated and deprotonated molecules and fragment ions were used for identification of the components from two Bulbine species. Results: A total of 55 anthraquinone-type compounds, including 11 standard compounds, were identified in the crude extracts of two Bulbine species. Two Bulbine species and dietary supplements were clustered into different groups and possible chemical markers were identified. Conclusions: The developed analytical method provided a fast and economic method for quality assessment of Bulbine species in dietary supplements based on anthraquinone-type compounds. Highlights: This study reports holistic chemical profiling of Bulbine species using LC-QToF. The developed analytical method enabled non-targeted analysis of components in B. natalensis and B. frutescens, and is recommended for commercial and regulatory purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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29. Analysis of prenylflavonoids from aerial parts of Epimedium grandiflorum and dietary supplements using HPTLC, UHPLC-PDA and UHPLC-QToF along with chemometric tools to differentiate Epimedium species
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Wei Feng, Vijayasankar Raman, Yan-Hong Wang, Ikhlas A. Khan, Zulfiqar Ali, Naohito Abe, Mei Wang, Bharathi Avula, Jianping Zhao, Fazila Zulfiqar, Jong Hee Park, and Ji-Yeong Bae
- Subjects
Quality Control ,Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Mass spectrometry ,01 natural sciences ,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ,Analytical Chemistry ,Berberidaceae ,Limit of Detection ,Uhplc pda ,Epimedium grandiflorum ,Drug Discovery ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ,Spectroscopy ,Epimedium ,Flavonoids ,Detection limit ,Chromatography ,biology ,010405 organic chemistry ,Chemistry ,Quality assessment ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Reproducibility of Results ,Repeatability ,Plant Components, Aerial ,biology.organism_classification ,0104 chemical sciences ,Dietary Supplements ,Feasibility Studies - Abstract
An UHPLC method was developed for the determination of 15 prenylflavonoids from aerial parts of Epimedium grandiflorum and related species (Berberidaceae). The separation was achieved using a reverse phased column and water/acetonitrile gradient as a mobile phase at a temperature of 40°C. The developed analytical method was validated for linearity, limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantification (LOQ), stability and repeatability. The LOD and LOQ were found to be in the range from 0.1-0.5 μg/mL and 0.3–1 μg/mL, respectively. The wavelength used for quantification with the photodiode array detector was 269 nm. The total content of 15 prenylflavonoids was 9.1–20.6 mg/g for E. grandiflorum (except for sample #2899 and #20862), 5.6–35.4 mg/g for E. brevicornu and 10.8–30.5 mg/g for E. sagittatum. Twenty dietary supplements contained in the range from 0.1 to 81.7 mg/day. The developed method is simple, rapid and especially suitable for quality assessment of E. grandiflorum and dietary supplements containing E. grandiflorum. Liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (LC-QToF) is described for the identification and confirmation of compounds in plant samples and dietary supplements. This technique is also used for chemical profiling of Epimedium samples. This method involved the use of protonated ions in the positive ion mode and deprotonated ions in the negative ion mode with extracted ion chromatogram (EIC). Chemometric analytical tools for visualizing the plant and commercial samples quality were used for discriminating between Epimedium species and dietary supplements with regards to the relative content or presence of components. A HPTLC method was also developed for the fast chemical fingerprint analysis of Epimedium species.
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- 2020
30. The power of hyphenated chromatography-Time of flight mass spectrometry for unequivocal identification of spirostanes in bodybuilding dietary supplements
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Saqlain Haider, Jianping Zhao, Yan-Hong Wang, Ji-Yeong Bae, Ikhlas A. Khan, Bharathi Avula, Mei Wang, Amar G. Chittiboyina, and Patricia A. Deuster
- Subjects
Quality Control ,Phytosteroid ,Anabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Saponin ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Diosgenin ,Mass spectrometry ,01 natural sciences ,Proof of Concept Study ,Mass Spectrometry ,Analytical Chemistry ,Steroid ,Ingredient ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Anabolic Agents ,Drug Discovery ,medicine ,Spirostans ,Spectroscopy ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Doping in Sports ,Chromatography ,010405 organic chemistry ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Reference Standards ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry ,Dietary Supplements ,Time-of-flight mass spectrometry ,Drug Contamination - Abstract
A previously unidentified purported botanical ingredient was found in dietary supplements marketed for anabolic benefits. In an attempt to assess the 'naturalness' of a group of steroid-like compounds called laxogenins, a UHPLC-QToF method was developed. Several dietary supplements claim to contain 5α-hydroxy laxogenin, which is a derivative of a naturally occurring spirostane-type steroid, laxogenin. Although laxogenin has been isolated from the rhizomes of Smilax sieboldii, 5α-hydroxy laxogenin has not been isolated or reported from any natural source. These derivatives of laxogenins have untested anabolic properties. Due to the low UV absorbance of the spirostanes, a mass spectrometric method in positive ion mode was developed for unambiguous identification of laxogenin and closely related compounds. To show the utility of the developed method, twelve dietary supplements labeled to contain 5α-hydroxy laxogenin or laxogenin as 5α-hydroxy laxogenin were analyzed as a proof-of-concept. Five supplements did not contain any 5α-hydroxy laxogenin, whereas in the remaining seven samples, spirostane-type contaminants were identified along with the labeled 5α-hydroxy laxogenin. The identity of some of these contaminants was established based on reference standards along with mass fragmentation patterns. One of the unlabeled contaminants was identified as the phytosteroid saponin, diosgenin, a common starting precursor of several steroidal drugs. Several synthetic derivatives of diosgenin were identified in the eight products. These findings indicate that the labeled 5α-hydroxy laxogenin along with other spirostanes found in supplements are synthetic and signify a lack of quality controls. Additionally, an unlabeled, anabolic androgenic steroid, arimistane, an aromatase inhibitor, was also identified in one product. Laxogenin, was not detected in any of the samples analyzed during this investigation.
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- 2018
31. Metabolism of primaquine in normal human volunteers: investigation of phase I and phase II metabolites from plasma and urine using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry
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Babu L. Tekwani, H. M.T. Bhandara Herath, James D. McChesney, N. P. Dhammika Nanayakkara, Mahmoud A. ElSohly, Ji-Yeong Bae, YH Wang, Bharathi Avula, Peter A. Zimmerman, Narayan D. Chaurasiya, Ikhlas A. Khan, Shabana I. Khan, Larry A. Walker, and Pius S. Fasinu
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Adult ,Male ,0301 basic medicine ,lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,lcsh:RC955-962 ,Metabolite ,030106 microbiology ,Antimalarial ,Cytochrome P450 ,Primaquine ,Mass Spectrometry ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,Hydroxylation ,Antimalarials ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,8-aminoquinoline ,Humans ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Drug metabolism ,Chromatography ,biology ,Research ,Oxidative deamination ,Metabolism ,Middle Aged ,Malaria ,UHPLC-QToF-MS ,Infectious Diseases ,Enzyme ,chemistry ,biology.protein ,Female ,Parasitology ,Plasmodium vivax ,Glucuronide - Abstract
Background Primaquine (PQ), an 8-aminoquinoline, is the only drug approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for radical cure and prevention of relapse in Plasmodium vivax infections. Knowledge of the metabolism of PQ is critical for understanding the therapeutic efficacy and hemolytic toxicity of this drug. Recent in vitro studies with primary human hepatocytes have been useful for developing the ultra high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometric (UHPLC-QToF-MS) methods for simultaneous determination of PQ and its metabolites generated through phase I and phase II pathways for drug metabolism. Methods These methods were further optimized and applied for phenotyping PQ metabolites from plasma and urine from healthy human volunteers treated with single 45 mg dose of PQ. Identity of the metabolites was predicted by MetaboLynx using LC–MS/MS fragmentation patterns. Selected metabolites were confirmed with appropriate standards. Results Besides PQ and carboxy PQ (cPQ), the major plasma metabolite, thirty-four additional metabolites were identified in human plasma and urine. Based on these metabolites, PQ is viewed as metabolized in humans via three pathways. Pathway 1 involves direct glucuronide/glucose/carbamate/acetate conjugation of PQ. Pathway 2 involves hydroxylation (likely cytochrome P450-mediated) at different positions on the quinoline ring, with mono-, di-, or even tri-hydroxylations possible, and subsequent glucuronide conjugation of the hydroxylated metabolites. Pathway 3 involves the monoamine oxidase catalyzed oxidative deamination of PQ resulting in formation of PQ-aldehyde, PQ alcohol and cPQ, which are further metabolized through additional phase I hydroxylations and/or phase II glucuronide conjugations. Conclusion This approach and these findings augment our understanding and provide comprehensive view of pathways for PQ metabolism in humans. These will advance the clinical studies of PQ metabolism in different populations for different therapeutic regimens and an understanding of the role these play in PQ efficacy and safety outcomes, and their possible relation to metabolizing enzyme polymorphisms. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12936-018-2433-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
- Published
- 2018
32. Targeted and non-targeted analysis of annonaceous alkaloids and acetogenins from Asimina and Annona species using UHPLC-QToF-MS
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Tung Ying Wu, Taghreed A. Majrashi, Yang Chang Wu, Bharathi Avula, Ikhlas A. Khan, Ji-Yeong Bae, YH Wang, Zulfiqar Ali, and Mei Wang
- Subjects
Asimina ,Collision-induced dissociation ,Acetogenins ,Stereochemistry ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Mass spectrometry ,01 natural sciences ,Annona ,Mass Spectrometry ,Analytical Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Alkaloids ,Drug Discovery ,Medicinal plants ,Spectroscopy ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ,biology ,010405 organic chemistry ,Plant Extracts ,Uhplc qtof ms ,Alkaloid ,010401 analytical chemistry ,biology.organism_classification ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry ,Dietary Supplements ,Magnoflorine - Abstract
In current work, targeted and non-targeted analysis of alkaloids and acetogenins from methanolic extracts of Asimina, Annona species and dietary supplements have been performed using UHPLC-QToF in positive ion mode. Thirty-five standard compounds (twelve alkaloids and twenty-three acetogenins) were used for the analysis. The fragment ions produced by collision induced dissociation (CID) revealed the characteristic cleavage and provided structural information. Aporphine alkaloids and acetogenins are the major groups found in Asimina and Annona species. An untargeted analysis based on high-resolution mass spectrometry was carried out to profile the alkaloids and acetogenins from Asimina species (As. triloba, As. parviflora). Magnoflorine, being a major alkaloid from twigs of As. triloba samples, was used as an example to discuss the fragmentation patterns. In (+)-ESI-MS, magnoflorine gave [M]+ ions at m/z 342.1705. The fragment ions at m/z 297.1127 [M-(CH3)2NH]+, 282.0886 [M-(CH3)3NH]+, 265.0865 [M-(CH3)2NH-CH3OH]+, 237.0916 [M-(CH3)2NH-CH3OH-CO]+, and 222.0681 [M-(CH3)2NH-CH3OH-CO-CH3]+ resulted from the [M]+ molecular ion. One dietary supplement claiming to contain paw paw (As. triloba) was also analyzed and showed a similar profile to twigs of As. triloba. A total of 131 compounds including standard compounds were identified from the different parts of As. triloba and As. parviflora samples. These compounds can be used to distinguish Asimina species. However, for definite identification of these unknown components, further investigation is required. This may provide a model for the rapid screening and structural characterization of bioactive constituents from plant extracts in a single analysis.
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- 2018
33. MOESM1 of Metabolism of primaquine in normal human volunteers: investigation of phase I and phase II metabolites from plasma and urine using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry
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Bharathi Avula, Tekwani, Babu, Chaurasiya, Narayan, Fasinu, Pius, N. Dhammika Nanayakkara, H. Bhandara Herath, Wang, Yan-Hong, Ji-Yeong Bae, Khan, Shabana, Elsohly, Mahmoud, McChesney, James, Zimmerman, Peter, Ikhlas Khan, and Walker, Larry
- Abstract
Additional file 1: Fig. 1S. Key fragments of PQ and other metabolites using LC/ESI-QToF
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- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Variations in the carotenoid and anthocyanin contents of Korean cultural varieties and home-processed sweet potatoes
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Haeng-Soon Lee, Ji-Yeong Bae, Hye Jin Kim, Woo Sung Park, Sang-Soo Kwak, So Young Kang, Min Hye Yang, Mi-Jeong Ahn, and Sanghyun Lee
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Industrial crop ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Carotene ,Food composition data ,Orange (colour) ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Dry weight ,Anthocyanin ,medicine ,Cultivar ,Food science ,Carotenoid ,Food Science - Abstract
The sweet potato is an important industrial crop and a source of food that contains useful dietary fiber and vitamins. Recently, orange- and purple-fleshed varieties have come under the spotlight due to their healthful components, carotenoids and anthocyanins, respectively. In this study, an HPLC-DAD method was applied to determine the carotenoid composition and content in nine Korean cultural varieties of sweet potato. Changes in carotenoid contents and composition were also observed during home-processing of an orange-fleshed cultivar with high carotenoid content (530 ± 60 μg/g of dry weight, DW as all- trans - β -carotene). A loss of the carotenoids was observed for all of the home-processing methods examined; the baked or boiled or steamed sweet potatoes had higher amounts of all- trans - β -carotene (246 ± 34, 253 ± 29 and 240 ± 21 μg/g DW, respectively) than pressure-cooked, sauteed and fried ones (194 ± 21, 201 ± 28 and 111 ± 19 μg/g DW, respectively). Interestingly, cis -isomer of the all- trans - β -carotene, 13 Z - β -carotene was found in elevated amounts in all of the processed samples, particularly in baked, pressure-cooked and steamed sweet potatoes compared to control. Variations in anthocyanin content in the nine cultural varieties and home-processed sweet potatoes were also determined by an HPLC-DAD method.
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- 2015
35. Differences in the Chemical Profiles and Biological Activities of Paeonia lactiflora and Paeonia obovata
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Jong Hee Park, Hyun-Jin Kim, Ji-Yeong Bae, Mi-Jeong Ahn, and Chul Young Kim
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Male ,Paeonia lactiflora ,DPPH ,Monoterpene ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Nitric Oxide ,Paeonia ,Plant Roots ,Cell Line ,law.invention ,Mice ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Picrates ,law ,Animals ,Butylated hydroxytoluene ,Glycosides ,Stomach Ulcer ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Mice, Inbred ICR ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Ethanol ,Phenol ,biology ,Traditional medicine ,Plant Extracts ,Biphenyl Compounds ,Glycoside ,Butylated Hydroxytoluene ,biology.organism_classification ,Paeonia obovata ,Biphenyl compound ,Disease Models, Animal ,chemistry ,Monoterpenes ,Indicators and Reagents ,Full Communications ,Phytotherapy ,Drugs, Chinese Herbal - Abstract
Paeonia lactiflora and P. obovata are perennial herbs, each root of which has been consumed as a major oriental medicine, Paeoniae Radix and a famous folk medicine, Mountain Paeony Root, respectively. Although morphological studies have been performed comparing these two plants, there is insufficient scientific evidence that characterizes the differences in their chemical profiles and biological activities. Hence, the present study was undertaken to compare these two medicinal foods using a high-performance liquid chromatography–diode-array detector (HPLC-DAD) analysis and a gastric ulcer model in mice. HPLC analysis employed to assess the nine components revealed that P. lactiflora exhibited higher contents of phenolic compounds than P. obovata. Although a monoterpene glycoside, 6′-O-acetylpaeoniflorin was identified in P. obovata, it was not detected in P. lactiflora. Multivariate statistical analysis for HPLC data revealed that the orthogonal projections to latent structure-discriminant analysis is more appropriate than principal component analysis for differentiating the two groups. Moreover, the 50% methanol P. lactiflora extract (PL) was more effective against experimental gastric ulcer than P. obovata extract (PO) in the HCl/ethanol-induced ulcer model. In addition, PL displayed higher 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and lower nitric oxide production in a murine macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7, than PO. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of PL was as high as that of the positive control, butylated hydroxytoluene, at a concentration of 25 μg/mL.
- Published
- 2015
36. Overexpression of theIbMYB1gene in an orange-fleshed sweet potato cultivar produces a dual-pigmented transgenic sweet potato with improved antioxidant activity
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Jae Cheol Jeong, Mi-Jeong Ahn, Sun Ha Kim, Cha Young Kim, Ji-Yeong Bae, Haeng-Soon Lee, Joon Seol Lee, Yun-Hee Kim, Sang-Soo Kwak, Yu Jeong Jeong, and Sung-Chul Park
- Subjects
Physiology ,Transgene ,Cyanidin ,Gene Expression ,Plant Science ,Genetically modified crops ,Biology ,Ipomoea ,Plant Roots ,Antioxidants ,Anthocyanins ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Tobacco ,Botany ,Genetics ,Cultivar ,Food science ,Ipomoea batatas ,Promoter Regions, Genetic ,Carotenoid ,Plant Proteins ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Peonidin ,fungi ,food and beverages ,Cell Biology ,General Medicine ,Plants, Genetically Modified ,biology.organism_classification ,Carotenoids ,Plant Leaves ,chemistry ,Organ Specificity ,Anthocyanin ,Oxidation-Reduction ,Transcription Factors - Abstract
The R2R3-type protein IbMYB1 is a key regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis in the storage roots of sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam]. Previously, we demonstrated that IbMYB1 expression stimulated anthocyanin pigmentation in tobacco leaves and Arabidopsis. Here, we generated dual-pigmented transgenic sweet potato plants that accumulated high levels of both anthocyanins and carotenoids in a single sweet potato storage root. An orange-fleshed cultivar with high carotenoid levels was transformed with the IbMYB1 gene under the control of either the storage root-specific sporamin 1 (SPO1) promoter or the oxidative stress-inducible peroxidase anionic 2 (SWPA2) promoter. The SPO1-MYB transgenic lines exhibited higher anthocyanin levels in storage roots than empty vector control (EV) or SWPA2-MYB plants, but carotenoid content was unchanged. SWPA2-MYB transgenic lines exhibited higher levels of both anthocyanin and carotenoids than EV plants. Analysis of hydrolyzed anthocyanin extracts indicated that cyanidin and peonidin predominated in both overexpression lines. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated that IbMYB1 expression in both IbMYB1 transgenic lines strongly induced the upregulation of several genes in the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway, whereas the expression of carotenoid biosynthetic pathway genes varied between transgenic lines. Increased anthocyanin levels in transgenic plants also promoted the elevation of proanthocyanidin and total phenolic levels in fresh storage roots. Consequently, all IbMYB1 transgenic plants displayed much higher antioxidant activities than EV plants. In field cultivations, storage root yields varied between the transgenic lines. Taken together, our results indicate that overexpression of IbMYB1 is a highly promising strategy for the generation of transgenic plants with enhanced antioxidant capacity.
- Published
- 2014
37. Anti-inflammatory Triterpenes from Euonymus alatus Leaves and Twigs on Lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW264.7 Macrophage Cells
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Jung-Rae Rho, Eun Ju Jeong, Mi-Jeong Ahn, Sang Hyun Sung, Ji-Yeong Bae, and Young Choong Kim
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Lipopolysaccharide ,biology ,medicine.drug_class ,Inflammation ,General Chemistry ,biology.organism_classification ,Anti-inflammatory ,Nitric oxide ,Terpene ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Euonymus ,Triterpene ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,Phytochemical ,medicine ,medicine.symptom - Abstract
As a part of ongoing phytochemical research on Euonymus alatus leaves and twigs, we have isolated one new reissantane-type triterpene (1), together with eight known triterpenes, isoarborinol (2), ffiedelin (3), abruslactone A (4), 3 beta,22 alpha-dihydroxyolean-12-en-29-oic acid (5), 3 alpha,22 alpha-dihydroxyolean-12-en-29-oic acid (6), 3 alpha,22 beta-dihydroxyolean-12-en-29-oic acid (7), 22 alpha-hydroxy-3-oxoolean-12-en-29-oic acid (8), demethylregelin (9). The structure of 1 has been elucidated as 24,24-dimethyl-reissant-7(8),25-dien-3 alpha-ol, by extensive 1D and 2D spectroscopic methods including H-1-NMR, C-13-NMR., H-1-H-1 COSY, HSQC, 1-11/ffiC and NOESY. Anti-inflammatory activities of the isolated compounds were determined as potential regulating excessive inflammatory responses in RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Particularly, abruslactone A (4) and demethylregelin (9) showed the most potent activity, which effectively reduced the expression of iNOS protein and subsequent nitric oxide production induced by lipopolysaccharide in RAW264.7 cells.
- Published
- 2014
38. Tectoridin from Maackia amurensis modulates both estrogen and thyroid receptors
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Mi-Jeong Ahn, Myeongkuk Shim, Ji-Yeong Bae, and Young Joo Lee
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Transcriptional Activation ,endocrine system ,medicine.medical_specialty ,endocrine system diseases ,medicine.drug_class ,Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Estrogen receptor ,Tectoridin ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Estrogen Receptor Modulators ,Internal medicine ,Drug Discovery ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Maackia ,Cell Proliferation ,Pharmacology ,Plants, Medicinal ,Receptors, Thyroid Hormone ,Thyroid hormone receptor ,Hormone activity ,Plant Extracts ,Thyroid ,Estrogen Receptor alpha ,Isoflavones ,Rats ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,chemistry ,Estrogen ,MCF-7 Cells ,Plant Bark ,Molecular Medicine ,Estrogen receptor alpha ,Hormone - Abstract
Aim The stem bark of Maackia amurensis has been used as folk medicine for the treatment of cancer, cholecystitis, arthritis, and hyperthyroidism in females. In this study we examined the effects of the ethyl acetate fraction obtained from the 70% ethanol extract of M. amurensis and tectoridin, an active constituent isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction on thyroid and estrogen hormone activity. Methods The effect of the ethanolic extract of M . amurensis stem bark on thyroid hormone activity was evaluated using thyroid hormone responsive-luciferase assay. We isolated tectoridin from the ethyl acetate fraction using a recrystallization method. T-screen assays were used to confirm thyroid hormone activity. The estrogenic activity of the ethyl acetate fraction of M . amurensis and tectoridin was evaluated by estrogen responsive-luciferase assay and estrogen receptor alpha regulation as compared to 17β-estradiol. Results Both the ethyl acetate fraction and tectoridin activated thyroid-responsive reporters and increased thyroid hormone-dependent proliferation of rat pituitary GH3 cells, indicating modulation of thyroid hormone receptors. In parallel, the estrogenic activity of the fraction and tectoridin were characterized in a transient transfection system using estrogen-responsive luciferase plasmids in MCF-7 cells. The ethyl acetate fraction and tectoridin activated reporter gene expression and decreased the estrogen receptor protein level. Conclusions These data indicate that tectoridin acts as a weak phytoestrogen as well as a thyroid hormone-like agent by activating both estrogen and thyroid hormone receptors.
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- 2014
39. A Comparison between Water and Ethanol Extracts of Rumex acetosa for Protective Effects on Gastric Ulcers in Mice
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Mi Kyeong Lee, Ji-Yeong Bae, Dong Hoon Lee, Kyeong Jae Cho, Sun-Young Han, Yoon Seok Lee, Eun Ju Jeong, Jae Yang Kong, Haeng Soon Lee, and Mi Jeong Ahn
- Subjects
Pharmacology ,Ethanol ,Traditional medicine ,business.industry ,DPPH ,Gastric ulcer ,Inflammation ,Articles ,Rumex acetosa ,Biochemistry ,Anthraquinone ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Anti-inflammatory activity ,chemistry ,Antioxidant activity ,Edema ,Drug Discovery ,medicine ,Molecular Medicine ,medicine.symptom ,Emodin ,Gastritis ,business - Abstract
Rumex acetosa is a perennial herb that is widely distributed across eastern Asia. Although the hot water extract of R. acetosa has been used to treat gastritis or gastric ulcers as a folk medicine, no scientific report exists for the use of this plant to treat gastric ulcers. Hence, the present study was undertaken to assess the anti-ulcer activity of water and 70% ethanol extracts obtained from R. acetosa, using an HCl/ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model in mice. Anti-inflammatory and free radical-scavenging activities of these two extracts were also evaluated and compared. As a result, the administration of R. acetosa extracts significantly reduced the occurrence of gastric ulcers. However, significant differences in protective activity against gastric ulcers were observed between the two samples. In the case of the group pretreated with an ethanol extract dosage of 100 mg/kg, the protective effect (90.9%) was higher than that of water extract (41.2%). Under histological evaluation, pretreatment with R. acetosa extracts reversed negative effects, such as inflammation, edema, moderate hemorrhaging and loss of epithelial cells, presented by HCl/ ethanol-treated stomachs. Meanwhile, R. acetosa extracts showed potent DPPH radical-scavenging activity and decreased NO production in a murine macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7, in a dose-dependent manner without affecting cellular viability. The greater anti-ulcer and NO production inhibitory activities exhibited by ethanol extracts compared to water extracts could be ascribed to the higher emodin levels, a major anthraquinone component of this plant.
- Published
- 2012
40. Cyclopiperettine, A New Amide from Piper nigrum
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Shun-Xiang Li, Wei Wang, Amar G. Chittiboyina, Ji-Yeong Bae, Ikhlas A. Khan, Jie Ren, Zulfiqar Ali, Mei Wang, and Ting Zeng
- Subjects
Pharmacology ,Piper ,biology ,010405 organic chemistry ,Chemistry ,Chemical structure ,Plant composition ,Caryophyllene ,Plant Science ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,law.invention ,010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,law ,Amide ,Drug Discovery ,Organic chemistry ,Medicinal plants ,Chemical composition ,Essential oil - Abstract
Cyclopiperettine, a new amide, was isolated from essential oil of Piper nigrum L. together with ten known compounds, including amides, monoterpenoids, and sesquiterpenoids. The structure of cyclopiperettine was established by 1D- and 2D- NMR and GC-MS techniques. Known compounds were identified as α-humulene, β-caryophyllene, caryophyllenol-II, β-elemene, elemol, 1-terpinen-4-ol, nerolidol, pellitorine, piperolein B and piperine. The crude oil and isolated compounds exhibited no antimicrobial activity against seven microbial strains up to 20 μg/mL.
- Published
- 2017
41. ChemInform Abstract: Antiinflammatory Triterpenes from Euonymus alatus Leaves and Twigs on Lipopolysaccharide-Activated RAW264.7 Macrophage Cells
- Author
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Eun Ju Jeong, Ji-Yeong Bae, Sang Hyun Sung, Young Choong Kim, Jung-Rae Rho, and Mi-Jeong Ahn
- Subjects
Terpene ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Euonymus ,Lipopolysaccharide ,chemistry ,biology ,Traditional medicine ,Triterpene ,Macrophage ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification - Abstract
The new reissantane-type triterpene (I) is isolated from the leaves and twigs of Euonymus alatus together with 8 known triterpenes.
- Published
- 2015
42. Down-regulation of sweetpotato lycopene β-cyclase gene enhances tolerance to abiotic stress in transgenic calli
- Author
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Mi-Jeong Ahn, Sun Ha Kim, Haeng-Soon Lee, Sang-Soo Kwak, Ji-Yeong Bae, Jae Cheol Jeong, and Seyeon Park
- Subjects
Antioxidant ,Transgene ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Down-Regulation ,Biology ,Cyclase ,Polyethylene Glycols ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Lycopene ,Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ,Stress, Physiological ,Botany ,Genetics ,medicine ,Ipomoea batatas ,Intramolecular Lyases ,Molecular Biology ,Carotenoid ,Abscisic acid ,Plant Proteins ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Abiotic stress ,fungi ,food and beverages ,General Medicine ,Salt Tolerance ,Monooxygenase ,Plants, Genetically Modified ,Carotenoids ,Biochemistry ,chemistry ,Abscisic Acid - Abstract
Lycopene β-cyclase (LCY-β) is a key enzyme involved in the synthesis of α- and β-branch carotenoids such as α-carotene and β-carotene through the cyclization of lycopene. IbLCY-β had a length of 1,506 bp and approximately 80 % nucleotide sequence identity with that of tomato LCY-β. IbLCY-β was strongly expressed in leaves, and expression was enhanced by salt-stress and osmotic-stress conditions. To characterize the LCY-β gene (IbLCY-β) of sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas), it was isolated and transformed into calli of white-fleshed sweetpotato using an IbLCY-β-RNAi vector. Transgenic IbLCY-β-RNAi calli had yellow to orange color and higher antioxidant activity compared to that of white, nontransgenic (NT) calli. Transgenic cells had significantly higher contents of total carotenoids, although lycopene was not detected in transgenic or NT cells. All transgenic calli had strongly activated expression of carotenoid biosynthetic genes such as β-carotene hydroxylases (CHY-β), cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450), and carotenoid cleavage dioxigenase 1 (CCD1). Transgenic cells exhibited less salt-induced oxidative-stress damage compared to that of NT cells, and also had greater tolerance for polyethylene glycol (PEG)-mediated drought compared to that of NT cells, due to the higher water content and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) content. The abscisic acid content was also higher in transgenic cells. These results show that a study of IbLCY-β can facilitate understanding of the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway in sweetpotato. IbLCY-β could be useful for developing transgenic sweetpotato enriched with nutritional carotenoids and with greater tolerance to abiotic stresses.
- Published
- 2014
43. Enhanced antioxidant and protective activities on retinal ganglion cells of carotenoids-overexpressing transgenic carrot
- Author
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Ji-Yeong Bae, Jung Myung Bae, Il-Suk Kim, Cheol Ho Lee, Insurk Jang, Suk-Nam Kang, Haeng-Soon Lee, Shin Woo Lee, Mi-Jeong Ahn, Kee Dong Yoon, and Sang-Soo Kwak
- Subjects
Retinal Ganglion Cells ,Programmed cell death ,Antioxidant ,DPPH ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Glutamic Acid ,medicine.disease_cause ,Protective Agents ,Retinal ganglion ,Plant Roots ,Antioxidants ,Cell Line ,Acetone ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Picrates ,Superoxides ,Drug Discovery ,medicine ,Humans ,Carotenoid ,Buthionine Sulfoximine ,Pharmacology ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Cell Death ,Hydroxyl Radical ,Plant Extracts ,Biphenyl Compounds ,food and beverages ,Plants, Genetically Modified ,Carotenoids ,Daucus carota ,Biphenyl compound ,Oxidative Stress ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Retinal ganglion cell ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,Molecular Medicine ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
Carotenoids are considered to act as antioxidants and protect humans from serious disorders such as skin degeneration and ageing, cardiovascular disease, certain types of cancer, and age-related diseases of the eye. In this study, these chemopreventive activities of a carotenoids-overexpressing transgenic carrot were evaluated. The results of DPPH, hydroxyl, and superoxide radical scavenging tests demonstrate that the acetone extract obtained from the taproots of the carrot plants exhibits significant antioxidant activity. A higher activity was detected in the transgenic carrot extract compared with the wild-type extract. A chemopreventive activity test for degenerative diseases of the eye revealed that pretreatment with the carrot extract reduced cell death in a retinal ganglion cell line, RGC-5 cells exposed to 1-buthionine- (R,S)-sulfoximine and L-glutamic acid.
- Published
- 2013
44. Suppression of gastric ulcer in mice by administration of Erigeron canadensis extract
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Mi Jeong Ahn, M. S. Chun, Sun-Young Han, Ji-Yeong Bae, Woo Sung Park, and Hye Jin Chung
- Subjects
Nutrition and Dietetics ,Traditional medicine ,Chemistry ,Erigeron canadensis extract ,Medicine (miscellaneous) - Published
- 2013
45. Quantification of Phenolic Compounds from Fadogia agrestis and Dietary Supplements using UHPLC-PDA-MS.
- Author
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Avula, Bharathi, Ji-Yeong Bae, Raman, Vijayasankar, Fantoukh, Omer I., Yan-Hong Wang, Osman, Ahmed G., Mei Wang, Ali, Zulfiqar, and Khan, Ikhlas A.
- Subjects
- *
ANALGESICS , *ANTI-inflammatory agents , *APHRODISIACS , *DIETARY supplements , *HIGH performance liquid chromatography , *MASS spectrometry , *MEDICINAL plants , *PHENOLS , *PLANT extracts ,RESEARCH evaluation - Abstract
Fadogia agrestis is used in traditional African medicine as an analgesic and for anti-inflammatory and aphrodisiac activities. An ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed for the determination of 11 chemical constituents from roots and aerial parts of F. agrestis. The separation was achieved within 7min by using C-18 column material and a water/acetonitrile mobile phase, both containing 0.1% formic acid gradient system with a temperature of 45°C. The method was validated for linearity, repeatability, limits of detection, and limits of quantification. The limits of detection of phenolic compounds were found to be in the range from 0.025 to 0.1 µg/mL. The wavelengths used for quantification with the photodiode array detector were 238, 254, 291, and 325 nm. Twelve of 17 dietary supplements contained phenolic compounds in the range from 0.3 to 2.7mg/d. The phenolic compounds were not detected in five dietary supplements. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry coupled with electrospray ionization interface method is described for the identification and confirmation of compounds fromplant samples and dietary supplements claiming to contain F. agrestis. This method involved the use of [M+ H]+ and [M+ Na]+ ions in the positive mode and [M - H]- ions in the negative mode with extractive ion monitoring. The developed method is simple, economic, rapid, and especially suitable for quality control and chemical fingerprint analysis of F. agrestis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Corrigendum to 'Tectoridin from Maackia amurensis modulates both estrogen and thyroid receptors' [Phytomedicine 21 (5) (2014) 602–606]
- Author
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Mi-Jeong Ahn, Ji-Yeong Bae, Myeongkuk Shim, and Young Joo Lee
- Subjects
Pharmacology ,Phytomedicine ,Maackia amurensis ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,biology ,Political science ,Drug Discovery ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Molecular Medicine ,Library science ,Christian ministry ,biology.organism_classification - Abstract
A grant was inadvertently omitted from the grant information footnote, which should read as follows: 1 This research was financially supported by theMinistry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE), Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology 2 (KIAT) through the Inter-ER Cooperation Projects (grant no. A004500005), and Basic Science Research Program through the National Research 3 Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2012R1A1B5001291; 2012R1A2A2A06044458). 4 The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused. 5
- Published
- 2015
47. Overexpression of the IbMYB1 gene in an orange-fleshed sweet potato cultivar produces a dual-pigmented transgenic sweet potato with improved antioxidant activity.
- Author
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Sung‐Chul Park, Yun‐Hee Kim, Sun Ha Kim, Yu Jeong Jeong, Cha Young Kim, Joon Seol Lee, Ji‐Yeong Bae, Mi‐Jeong Ahn, Jae Cheol Jeong, Haeng‐Soon Lee, and Sang‐Soo Kwak
- Subjects
SWEET potato genetics ,GENETIC overexpression ,TRANSGENIC plants ,ANTIOXIDANTS ,ANTHOCYANINS ,BIOSYNTHESIS - Abstract
The R2R3‐type protein IbMYB1 is a key regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis in the storage roots of sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam]. Previously, we demonstrated that IbMYB1 expression stimulated anthocyanin pigmentation in tobacco leaves and Arabidopsis. Here, we generated dual‐pigmented transgenic sweet potato plants that accumulated high levels of both anthocyanins and carotenoids in a single sweet potato storage root. An orange‐fleshed cultivar with high carotenoid levels was transformed with the IbMYB1 gene under the control of either the storage root‐specific sporamin 1 (SPO1) promoter or the oxidative stress‐inducible peroxidase anionic 2 (SWPA2) promoter. The SPO1‐MYB transgenic lines exhibited higher anthocyanin levels in storage roots than empty vector control (EV) or SWPA2‐MYB plants, but carotenoid content was unchanged. SWPA2‐MYB transgenic lines exhibited higher levels of both anthocyanin and carotenoids than EV plants. Analysis of hydrolyzed anthocyanin extracts indicated that cyanidin and peonidin predominated in both overexpression lines. Quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated that IbMYB1 expression in both IbMYB1 transgenic lines strongly induced the upregulation of several genes in the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway, whereas the expression of carotenoid biosynthetic pathway genes varied between transgenic lines. Increased anthocyanin levels in transgenic plants also promoted the elevation of proanthocyanidin and total phenolic levels in fresh storage roots. Consequently, all IbMYB1 transgenic plants displayed much higher antioxidant activities than EV plants. In field cultivations, storage root yields varied between the transgenic lines. Taken together, our results indicate that overexpression of IbMYB1 is a highly promising strategy for the generation of transgenic plants with enhanced antioxidant capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Effect of 6% Hydroxyethyl Starch Solution on Coagulation Function in Patients with Major Burns
- Author
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Ji-Yeong Bae, In-Suk Kwak, and Kwang Min Kim
- Subjects
Prothrombin time ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Perioperative ,Hydroxyethyl starch ,Bleeding time ,Anesthesia ,medicine ,Intravascular volume status ,Platelet ,Hemoglobin ,business ,medicine.drug ,Partial thromboplastin time - Abstract
Background: Patients with major burns require replacement of intravascular volume. Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) solutions are widely used to replace intravascular volume. Dilution with crystalloids or colloids and corresponding platelet dysfunction are known causes of perioperative bleeding tendencies. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of crystalloid and colloid solutions on platelet function in patients with major burns. Methods: Forty patients scheduled for burn surgery were divided into 4 groups. The infusion was started with a Hartman solution infusion (group 1) from 7 A.M. until surgery. HES (6%, Voluven Ⓡ ) was infused in the following concentrations: 7 ml/kg (group 2), 10 ml/kg (group 3), and 15 ml/kg (group 4). The bleeding time (BT), prothrombin time (PT), prothrombin time international ratio (PT INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), hemoglobin (Hb), platelet function analyzer-100 closing time (PFA CT), and platelet count (Plt) were measured. Results: Hartmann solution and HES had no significant effect on the BT, PT, PT INR, a PTT, Hb, and Plt. The post-operative PFA CT was significantly higher in group 4 than in group 3. In group 4, the PFA CT was significantly higher post-operatively compared to pre-operatively. Conclusions: The use of high dose HES may increase the risk of bleeding tendencies in burn patients.
- Published
- 2008
49. Anti-inflammatory Triterpenes from Euonymus alatus Leaves and Twigs on Lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW264.7 Macrophage Cells.
- Author
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Eun Ju Jeong, Ji-Yeong Bae, Jung-Rae Rho, Young Choong Kim, Mi-Jeong Ahn, and Sang Hyun Sung
- Subjects
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LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES , *NITRIC oxide , *TRITERPENES , *MACROPHAGES , *PHYTOCHEMICALS - Abstract
As a part of ongoing phytochemical research on Euonymus alatus leaves and twigs, we have isolated one new reissantane-type triterpene (1), together with eight known triterpenes, isoarborinol (2), friedelin (3), abruslac- tone A (4), 3β,22α-dihydroxyolean-12-en-29-oic acid (5), 3α,22α-dihydroxyolean-12-en-29-oic acid (6), 3α,22β-dihydroxyolean-12-en-29-oic acid (7), 22α-hydroxy-3-oxoolean-12-en-29-oic acid (8), demethyl- regelin (9). The structure of 1 has been elucidated as 24,24-dimethyl-reissant-7(8),25-dien-3α-ol, by extensive 1D and 2D spectroscopic methods including ¹H-NMR, 13C-NMR, ¹H-¹H COSY, HSQC, HMBC and NOESY. Anti-inflammatory activities of the isolated compounds were determined as potential regulating excessive inflammatory responses in RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Particularly, abruslactone A (4) and demethylregelin (9) showed the most potent activity, which effectively reduced the expression of iNOS protein and subsequent nitric oxide production induced by lipopolysaccharide in RAW264.7 cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Quantification and Characterization of Phenolic Compounds from Northern Indian Propolis Extracts and Dietary Supplements.
- Author
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Avula, Bharathi, Sagi, Satyanarayanaraju, Masoodi, Mubashir H., Ji-Yeong Bae, Wali, Adil F., and Khan, Ikhlas A.
- Subjects
- *
DIETARY supplements , *PROPOLIS , *PHENOLS , *EXTRACTS , *LIQUID chromatography , *FATTY acids - Abstract
Background: Propolis is a resinous substance produced by bees. Propolis extracts have been used for anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities. The use of propolis dietary supplements has been increasing in the United States and the rest of the world. Objective: A simple, economic, and valid analytical method is needed for quality assessment of dietary supplements and extracts claiming to contain propolis. Methods: A ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) quadropole time-of-flight-MS method was used to characterize the chemical composition of northern Indian propolis. Fourteen major phenolic compounds were quantified using a UHPLC-DAD method. An HPTLC method was used to develop chemical fingerprinting profiles for propolis extracts and dietary supplements. The seven propolis extracts and 14 dietary supplements purchased in the U.S. were analyzed using the UHPLC-DAD-QToF method. Results: Fifty-seven compounds belonging to phenolic, coumarin, fatty acid, and terpene classes were identified in propolis extracts. Based on quantification results, the content of 14 phenolic compounds in propolis extracts varied from 19–32% in dietary supplements, a significant variation to the recommended daily intake (0.2–94 mg/day). Conclusions/Highlights: The developed analytical methods can be used for quality assessment of propolis extracts and dietary supplements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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