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Hydroelectric power plants have been a growth tool to supply communities with water resources and electricity. In the last seven decades, large dams increased their environmental and social impacts, which caused the fragmentation and transformation of rivers. It is estimated that around 80 million people are displaced by its construction and operation; and its greatest impact comes from reservoirs by flooding large tracts of land permanently. In this sense, this study seeks to determine the relationship between the main economic, environmental and social impacts of the construction of hydroelectric power plants.It addresses the different non-participatory methods, such as secondary data, documents, records and databases were reviewed. From this information, principal component analysis, simple regression, correlations, multivariate and 3D dispersion graphs were performed. Once the different methods were applied, a significant correlation was identified between the variables of installed capacity and number of displaced people. The study concludes that natural resources are a source of attraction for people to settle around them, the water resource is of special interest, therefore, it is not strange that when establishing a hydroelectric project, there is invariably displacement of people in order to benefit a greater number of them through the generation of energy, prevent floods and droughts among other benefits, depending on the category that the dam have, as there are single purpose and multiple purpose. It is undeniable that there is a very strong correlation between the construction of dams and the economic development of a region, however, the correlation that exists between the construction of dams and the displacement of people is also undeniable, hence the importance of this study that is presented, since it allows having clearer economic, environmental and social perspectives that allow identify whether large hydroelectric project construction projects succeed or fail in their purpose of sustainable regional development.The results indicate that by increasing the installed capacity, there is a social impact as it will increase the displacement of people due to the construction or operation of hydroelectric power plants.

There is increasing interest in kinetic models of catalytic refining processes, because of their importance in developing and improving these processes. In fact, the models can be used to predict process performance parameters and to determine the optimum operating conditions. In this work, a detailed reaction kinetic model was developed to describe light naphtha isomerisation reactions over different Pt/zeolite catalysts (Pt/mordenite, Pt/ZSM5, and Pt/BETA). The proposed kinetic model included 66 isomerisation, 28 ring opening, 1 olefin saturation, 22 dehydrogenation, and 90 hydrocracking reactions for 52 real light naphtha components graded from methane to n-octane. A power law reaction kinetics was assumed for all reactions, and 414 kinetic parameters were fine-tuned by comparing the predictions of the model with the results of light naphtha isomerisation experiments at six different temperatures (290, 310, 330, 350, 370, and 390 °C). The Matlab software (version 2015a) was used to perform all the calculations in the current study, and the optimum set of kinetic parameters was estimated using genetic algorithm optimisation. The mean absolute errors for all component compositions at different temperatures were found to be 0.003608, 0.004841, and 0.004757 for the Pt/mordenite, Pt/ZSM5, and Pt/BETA catalysts, respectively. The values of the mean absolute errors estimated from the comparison between the experimental and predicted results showed a very good agreement between the model predictions and the experimental data.

This paper describes the situation in which the Bachelor's Degree in Early Childhood Education (LEI) programme at the Autonomous University of Nayarit (UAN), under the circumstances and conditions experienced due to Covid- 19 has given follow-up and attention to the students. The confinement and online work has had significant repercussions in the area of health and emotions of our students that must be considered. There are many challenges they have faced due to lack of connectivity, time for online work, lack of working equipment, and lack of products for their learning units.

Purpose: To analyze the effectiveness of resistance training programs (RTP) on strength, functional capacity, balance, general health perception, and fatigue for people with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and to determine the most effective dose of RTP in this population. Methods: Studies examining the effect of RTP on strength, functional capacity, balance, general health perception, and fatigue in MS patients were included. 44 studies were included. The meta-analysis, subgroup analysis and meta-regression methods were used to calculate the mean difference and standardized mean difference. Results: Significant group differences were observed in knee extensor (p = 0.01) and flexor (p

The extractivism is an economic growth model based on the exploitation of primary natural resources, little transformed, including oil, to be sold on the world market. Several countries, including Mexico, were inserted into an extractivist model, to obtain the highest possible income, through which their industrialization and development were financed; on the other hand, these resources have also been used to pay for growing public spending. The objective of this research work is to determine the impact of oil extractivism on the economic growth of Mexico. For which an econometric model was developed, by ordinary least squares, analyzing the period of time 1990-2020. The results obtained show negative effects associated with a high dependence on public finances toward oil extractivism, in addition, derived from the lack of transformation and improvements of the Mexican extractivism model, negative impacts are generated in the economy that, if not addressed, can trigger a domino effect with greater losses for the oil sector, which could lead to increasing the country risk, an aggravating the economic and social situation of the country in the medium term.

The university stage is a good time to promote healthy eating strategies. The sociological and cultural changes experienced by students lead them to skip meals, increase their intake of fast food and energy-dense foods, decreasing adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD). Professionals related to food such as nutritionists and dietitians are also considered a population at risk of developing eating disorders due to the extensive knowledge they possess, which can be used for both good and bad practice. The objective was to analyze the impact of a 4-month educational program promoting the Mediterranean diet on risky eating behaviors, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and body composition in nutrition and dietetics students, studying the differences according to the group investigated (control group and educated group). The context of the research was 196 students (49 males and 147 females) from two consecutive years. The control group did not receive any type of intervention, while with the control group (educated) an educational program was carried out. Results showed that women with greater control over energy intake, carbohydrates, and sugar had a lower percentage of fat mass, while in men, the relationship was established with weight. Regarding adherence to the Mediterranean diet, at post, it is adequate in both men (8.25 ± 2.87) and women (7.90 ± 2.89), with no significant differences between the intervention groups. This work was supported by a grant from the University Teaching Research Networks Program of the Institute of Education Sciences of the University of Alicante (2021-22). Ref: 5628.

Non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs) based on biobased polyamines and polycarbonates are a sustainable alternative to conventional polyurethanes (PU). This article discloses a novel method to control the crosslinking density of fully biobased isocyanate-free polyurethanes, synthesized from triglycerides carbonated previously in scCO2 and different diamines, such as ethylenediamine (EDA), hexamethylenediamine (HMDA) and PriamineTM-1075 (derived from a dimerized fatty acid). As capping substances, water or bioalcohols are used in such a way that the crosslinking density can be adjusted to suit the requirements of the intended application. An optimization of the NIPU synthesis procedure is firstly carried out, establishing the polymerization kinetics and proposing optimal conditions set for the synthesis of the NIPUs. Then, the influence of the partial blocking of the active polymerization sites of the carbonated soybean oil (CSBO), using monofunctional amines, on the physical properties of the NIPUS is explored. Finally, the synthesis of fully biobased NIPUs with a targeted crosslinking density is achieved using hybrid NIPUs, employing partially carbonated oil and H2O or ethanol as blockers to achieve the desired physical properties in a very precise manner.

Este trabajo explora la vida de la historieta Hombres y Héroes publicada por Novedades Editores S.A. de C.V. de 1987 a 1994 y de 1998 al 2005 en México. Partiendo de la perspectiva de la nueva historia cultural y social de Peter Burke, se da cuenta de los antecedentes, características y de la forma de producción de la historieta, así como de las relaciones entre la historieta y otras industrias de la cultura impresa. Al atender algunos testimonios de sus lectores, la publicación puede ser catalogada como una obra que contribuyó a la educación informal en México, sin dejar de ser una obra de entretenimiento propia de su género. Asimismo, en el trabajo se reflexiona sobre la importancia de las historietas culturales y de sus rumbos en la actualidad en México.

The restrictions imposed during the management of the pandemic led to lack of care of other health problems.To assess changes in the health status of complex multimorbidity elderly, functional and cognitive capacities, perception of the social surroundings, care provided by the nurses, including nursing diagnosis and interventions, use of health services, adverse events, and use of devices and technical help during the first 6 months of the Covid-19 pandemic.A 1-year longitudinal cohort study was conducted.Ninety-seven complex multimorbid elderly attended in primary care were evaluated every 3 months in a health area of the Spanish National Health System (SNHS). The research was called "SAMAC3 study".Significant negative changes were observed in the functional and cognitive capacity of the elderly, and in several nursing diagnoses. A decrease was observed in the frequency of visit to the nurses, hospital admittance, length of hospital stays, and falls.The functional and cognitive capacities of the cohort became worse. However, a significant decrease in the frequency of use of health services was observed. The nurses detected significant changes in activity-exercise, cognitive-perception, and roles-relationships, but their interventions were mostly centered on resolving clinical matters that required immediate attention.The present study allowed us to observe that a situation of social and health stress has worsened the health indicators of multimorbid elderly, and the clinical care of community nurses was insufficient to providing care for the deterioration of the physical and cognitive domains.

Background. People with multiple sclerosis (MS) suffer from symptoms related to neural control, such as reduced central activation, lower muscle activity, and accentuated spasticity. A forced 9-week home confinement related to COVID-19 in Spain may have worsened these symptoms. However, no study has demonstrated the impact of home confinement on neuromuscular mechanisms in the MS population. This study was aimed at analyzing the effects of a 9-week home confinement on central activation, muscle activity, contractile function, and spasticity in MS patients. Methods. Eighteen participants were enrolled in the study. Left and right knee extensor maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), maximal neural drive via peak surface electromyography (EMG) of the vastus lateralis, central activation ratio (CAR), and muscle contractile function via electrical stimulation of the knee extensor muscles, as well as spasticity using the pendulum test, were measured immediately before and after home confinement. Results. Seventeen participants completed the study. CAR significantly decreased after lockdown ( ES = 1.271 , p < 0.001 ). Regarding spasticity, there was a trend to decrease in the number of oscillations ( ES = 0.511 , p = 0.059 ) and a significant decrease in the duration of oscillations ( ES = 0.568 , p = 0.038 ). Furthermore, in the left leg, there was a significant decrease in the first swing excursion ( ES = 0.612 , p = 0.027 ) and in the relaxation index ( ES = 0.992 , p = 0.001 ). Muscle contractile properties, MVIC, and EMG variables were not modified after confinement. Conclusions. The results suggest that a home confinement period of 9 weeks may lead to an increase in lower limb spasticity and a greater deficit in voluntary activation of the knee extensors.

Adaptation and validation of the BTI-St© to assess the level of competence in brief tobacco intervention in general practitioners and nurses in Primary Health Care.Cross-sectional study of adaptation and psychometric validation of a criterion-referenced test.Primary Health Care.One hundred fifty-five general practitioners and nurses working at Primary Health Care.Three clinical scenarios were designed. Using an online platform, participants first viewed each scenario in which brief tobacco intervention was given. Health professional had to assess whether or not the scenarios were carried out in accordance with the 5A+5R model.Competence in brief tobacco intervention measured by the BTI-Prof©.Results related to reliability were obtained through Kuder-Richardson coefficient, being for scenario 1, 0.880, for scenario 2, 0.829, and for scenario 3, 0.826. The test-retest shows adequate temporal stability: intraclass correlation coefficient for scenario 1 0.857 (95% CI 0.734-0.923), p0.0001, for scenario 2 0.829 (95% CI 0.676-0.909), p0.001, and for scenario 3 0.869 (95% CI 0.76-0.928), p0.0001.The BTI-Prof© is a robust tool with adequate psychometric properties to assess competence in brief tobacco intervention in Primary Health Care general practitioners and nurses.

La pandemia de COVID-19 está amenazando gravemente la salud de la humanidad provocando consecuencias de toda índole. Un sector bastante afectado, es el educativo. El aprendizaje del alumnado se ha visto reducido en el último cuatrimestre del curso escolar 2019-20, y probablemente los métodos de enseñanza que han tenido que forzarse en este tiempo tengan que repetirse para el curso próximo, si la ciencia no encuentra un remedio rápido para combatir el virus. En este contexto las administraciones públicas en el marco de sus competencias constitucionales están desarrollando distintos modelos educativos para que cada centro educativo gracias a su autonomía elija la mejor opción de acuerdo con el tipo de enseñanzas que ofertan y los distintos niveles educativos que desarrollan. El objetivo del presente estudio ha sido desarrollar un instrumento válido y fiable para evaluar la práctica docente no presencial en Formación Profesional. El enfoque metodológico corresponde a una investigación por encuesta transversal de carácter cuantitativo. Se ofrecen los diferentes resultados de los valores de alfa de Cronbach, así como una serie de estadísticos descriptivos. La estructura factorial de esta escala es analizada mediante análisis factorial exploratorio, análisis confirmatorio utilizando una muestra de 329 profesores. Los análisis realizados muestran que la escala se compone de seis factores: índice de actitud del alumnado-profesorado, atención a la diversidad, índice de coordinación docente, índice de eficacia virtual, índice de orientación y tutoría, índice de práctica docente virtual., The COVID-19 pandemic seriously threatens the health of humanity, causing all types of consequences. The education sector is one of the most affected. Student learning has been reduced in the last quarter of the 2019-20 school year, and if science doesn't find a quick solution to fight the virus, the teaching methods that have had to be forced during this time will likely have to be repeated over the next year. In this context, public administrations within the framework of their constitutional powers are developing different educational models so that each teaching center, thanks to its autonomy, chooses the best option according to the type of education they offer and the different educational levels they develop. The objective of this study has been to develop a valid and reliable instrument to evaluate teaching practice in times of pandemic. The methodological approach corresponds to a cross-sectional research survey of a quantitative nature. The different results of Cronbach's alpha values are offered, as well as a series of descriptive statistics. The factorial structure of this scale is analyzed by exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory analysis using a sample of 329 teachers. The studies carried out show that the scale is made up of six factors: student-teacher attitude index, attention to diversity, teacher coordination index, virtual efficiency index, orientation and tutoring index, virtual teaching practice index., Universidad Pablo de Olavide

En el presente estudio se realizó una valoración económica aplicando el método de valoración contingente para la conservación del bosque de la cuenca Laguna de Tecocomulco. Se eligió como caso de estudio los municipios de Almoloya, Apan y Tepeapulco. Se aplicaron 266 cuestionarios determinado por muestreo simple aleatorio y muestreo proporcional. Los resultados muestran que la DAP promedio fue de $13.33 mensual por persona obtenido mediante el modelo logit binomial, el valor económico para la conservación del bosque se estimó en $539,111.41 mensual. El 65% de los encuestados están dispuestos a pagar para conservar el bosque. El 85% conocen los beneficios que provee el bosque y el 88% están conscientes del deterioro ambiental que existe en la cuenca. Las variables que resultaron estadísticamente significativas con un nivel de confiabilidad del 95%, en la determinación de la DAP son: edad, educación, género y conocimiento sobre los beneficios del bosque.

Background Current literature provides poor information about the implementation of health-promoting clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) and their longitudinal monitoring. Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the longitudinal impact of a CPG implementation program that promotes breastfeeding, its associated quantitative and qualitative indicators, and direct costs. Design A mixed-methods design with a longitudinal approach was utilized, with an interrupted time series design and the analysis of reports from the implementation program as the qualitative approach. Methods The study setting was maternity and pediatric units of a health area in the Spanish health system. The implementation of a CPG for the promotion of breastfeeding was evaluated, which included a pre-implementation year (2011), 3 years of implementation (2012-2014), and 2 years of post-implementation (2015-2016). The sample was composed of mother-infant dyads. A segmented logistic regression analysis was utilized to evaluate the changes in the most important breastfeeding indicators. A deductive thematic content analysis was performed starting with quality indicators and a descriptive economic analysis. Findings In the 6 years of monitoring, 7,842 mother-infant dyads were recorded. The results of the quantitative indicators showed the presence of four stages: baseline, gain, adjustment, and sustainability or saturation. The breast milk at the first feeding had an increasing slope in the gain stage (24% per quarter; odds ratio [OR] = 1.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12-1.37). The exclusive breastfeeding at hospital discharge showed significant changes in the period of gain (OR = 2.45, 95% CI 1.95-3.08), which was maintained in the adjustment period, with an increase of 18% in the slope of the gain stage (OR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.06-1.32). The longitudinal distribution of the qualitative indicators showed a greater concentration of indicators towards the first half of each phase. The total cost was 209,575€ ($248,670.17). Conclusions The implementation of the breastfeeding CPG showed early, positive, and sustained results in the exclusive breastfeeding rates. The implementation implied the application of a complex intervention, with its qualitative indicators showing a wave-shaped dynamic. Clinical relevance Our findings contribute to the understanding and evolution of the main indicators of the implementation of a breastfeeding CPG, providing details on the magnitude of the effect, the process of change, and the associated costs.

Hyperbilirubinemia is one of the main causes of death in patients with severe hepatic problems, which justifies the research for bilirubin removal solutions. In this study, St-MMA particles with PEGMA and/or GMA brushes were synthesized. First, the recipe for St-MMA was optimized and then adapted for PEGMA and GMA incorporation. Different solvents were then assayed to improve the BSA immobilization capacity of the particles. Ethyl lactate proved to be the best solvent, reaching a BSA immobilization capacity improvement of up to 60% for St-MMA-GMA-PEGMA particles. These particles also presented the best results for BR removal from PBS. No significant differences in the final capacity for BR removal from PBS media were observed when BSA was attached to the particles; however, the kinetics were greatly improved, requiring half the time. Finally, St-MMA-GMA-PEGMA particles that were wetted in EL with BSA reduced the bilirubin concentration in plasma from levels that threaten the survival of critical patients to levels close to those of healthy individuals in less than 30 min. On the contrary, particles without BSA were unable to remove bilirubin from plasma. Thus, the attachment of albumin to the particles plays a key role in selectively reducing bilirubin levels.

AIM To evaluate the changes produced after the application of the Best Practice Spotlight Organization® (BPSO® ) Program on the attitude towards the evidence-based practice, the nurses' perception of the organisational climate and nurse outcomes in a health area of the Spanish National Health System. BACKGROUND There is limited research that associates strategies of evidence-based practice implementation with changes on the work environment and nurse outcomes. METHODS Cross-sectional study that compared data on the nurses' perception of the work environment. Five guidelines were implemented between 2012 and 2015 in a health area. Data were collected in 2012 and 2016/2017, using a questionnaire consisting of five previously validated tools. X2 , t test, ANOVA and multivariate analysis were carried out. RESULTS A total of 451 nurses participated. Compared with the baseline evaluation in 2012, several outcomes changed significantly (p

Background The availability of valid and reliable instruments, based on current competency frameworks, is essential to respond to the need for accurate measurement of the competency of registered nurses in evidence‐based practice (EBP). Aims To develop and validate a questionnaire capable of measuring EBP competencies in registered nurses following the competency framework developed by Melynk et al. (2014). Methods The study was developed in two stages: (a) creation of the questionnaire based on an operational definition of the construct, its face, and content validation by 10 experts, and cognitive piloting; (b) psychometric evaluation of the questionnaire by a cross‐sectional, and multicenter study between February and November 2018. Analyses were conducted of the questionnaire’s reliability and construct validity (exploratory [EFA] and confirmatory [CFA] factor analyses). Results First phase: The initial version of EBP‐COQ© Prof contained 50 items grouped into four dimensions (attitudes, knowledge, skills, and utilization). After two expert validation rounds, a 35‐item version was obtained with content validity index of 0.86. Second phase: The questionnaire was completed by 579 nurses; EFA with PROMAX rotation revealed that the four‐factor model had the best fit (χ2 = 311.32; p = .001, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.000, 90% confidence interval [CI] = 0.000 – 0.010; comparative fit index [CFI] = 1), and it showed a good CFA fit index: CFI = 0.932, and RMSEA = 0.093 (90% CI = 0.097 − 0.108). Cronbach’s α for each factor ranged from 0.817 (factor III) to 0.948 (factor II). Linking Evidence to Action EBP‐COQ Prof© is a valid, reliable, and easily administered questionnaire that measures the self‐perceived competency of registered nurses in EBP based on an updated and specific competency framework. It permits the independent evaluation of attitudes, knowledge, and skills related to EBP and of its utilization in hospital and primary care settings, allowing the monitoring of compliance with EBP.

Aim To examine the perceptions and experiences of health care professionals and mothers in relation to the implementation of a breastfeeding clinical practice guideline (CPG). Background Breastfeeding CPG applications remain limited, and qualitative studies have indicated the need to overcome the perception by professionals of difficulties in applying recommendations. Methods A qualitative study was conducted in a Spanish public hospital that implemented the Registered Nurses´ Association of Ontario breastfeeding CPG from 2012 through 2015. Between May and August 2017, 27 semi-structured interviews were conducted with managers, with professionals in maternity and paediatric departments and with mothers. Deductive content analysis was performed following the stages in the Knowledge-To-Action (KTA) Framework. Results We obtained five main categories: (a) problem as opportunity; (b) adequate context and adapted recommendations; (c) extent of implementation; (d) impact of results; and (e) knowledge use normalization. Conclusions The KTA Framework assists understanding of the participation of the main actors in breastfeeding CPG implementation. Implications for nursing management The nature of the interventions and the participation of managers, different professionals and mothers in a multi-unit setting generate a complex implementation process that reveals key factors to be taken into account in future CPG implementations.

INTRODUCCIÓN. El objetivo de este trabajo es profundizar en el conocimiento de las buenas prácticas en el ejercicio de la dirección escolar considerando las siguientes variables: las relaciones entre profesorado y equipo directivo, los procesos de retroalimentación, los resultados que debe tener una buena práctica, la respuesta a situaciones novedosas, las variables a tener en cuenta para alcanzar los objetivos, las actitudes del buen director, las dinámicas de proyecto e innovación, el intercambio de prácticas docentes y, por último, los procesos de autoevaluación. Sobre la dirección escolar se han realizado numerosos estudios en las últimas décadas, aunque esta investigación aporta un nuevo enfoque como es el de las buenas prácticas en la dirección escolar. MÉTODO. La metodología es cualitativa basada en la Grounded Theory a partir de la información obtenida mediante grupo focal y posterior codificación y triangulación de datos, con la ayuda de Atlas ti 5.0. RESULTADOS. Los resultados se presentan apoyados con ilustraciones específicas atendiendo a cada una de las variables estudiadas. DISCUSIÓN. Se organiza igualmente atendiendo a las variables estudiadas y se pone de manifiesto, como aspectos más destacables, que las relaciones entre profesorado y equipo directivo tienen que ser respetuosas, horizontales, bidireccionales y participativas, desarrolladas mediante estrategias de cooperación y colaboración. Deben tener en cuenta procesos de retroalimentación mediante la potenciación de la cultura de la autoevaluación como motor de los procesos de mejora en el centro, y no solo deben conseguir buenos resultados, sino mejorar los anteriores; no obstante, deberá tenerse en cuenta el contexto de aplicación.

(1) The COVID-19 pandemic has had many consequences on health systems worldwide. In the Spanish health system, telephone-based consultations were coupled to in-person consultations. This type of consultation was mainly a challenge for the primary care teams, who had to assume the greatest load of care provision. The objective of the present study was to discover the satisfaction and perception of health professionals related to a training program on efficient communication based on high-fidelity simulation. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study based on a convergent and parallel mixed method. The satisfaction and perception of 275 health professionals associated with COVID-19 training based on the structured communication model CERCAR© was analyzed. (3) Results: The assessment of the satisfaction with the training and methodology was high. With respect to the transfer of information, the participants gave a high score to the categories of consolidation of learning, applicability to their work, and benefits for the institution. The qualitative results supported these findings. (4) Conclusions: The training program and its virtual modality were well received, and had a high degree of transference. The application of active, online learning methodologies is a relevant format for continuous education.

The scale-up and the economic feasibility of the synthesis of St-MMA-GMA-PEGMA particles biofunctionalized with HSA were studied. First, the geometrical similarity of laboratory and pilot plant reactors was checked to develop the scale up of the process according to a criterion of partial similarity. The selected criterion was constant Re number. Then, a reaction in the pilot plant scale was carried out, confirming the suitability of the scale-up criterion, since particles with similar characteristics (same particle size with a deviation of just 6%) and functional groups were obtained. Finally, the design of an industrial plant able to produce 581 Tm/year of HSA functionalized St-MMA-GMA-PEGMA particles was addressed. The economic feasibility of this plant was confirmed by a value of internal rate of return (IRR) of 14.8% and a net present value (NPV) of 5452 M€, with a payback time between six and seven years, for the price of a cartridge 25% lower than that from the current treatments for bilirubin removal from patients with liver failure.

This work describes the development of styrene-divinylbenzene (St-DVB) particles with polyethylene glycol methacrylate (PEGMA) and/or glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) brushes for the removal of bilirubin from blood in haemodialyzed patients. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was immobilized onto the particles using ethyl lactate as a biocompatible solvent, which allowed the immobilization of up to 2 mg BSA/g of particles. The presence of albumin on the particles increased their capacity for bilirubin removal from phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) by 43% compared to particles without albumin. The particles were tested in plasma, finding that St-DVB-GMA-PEGMA particles that had been wetted in ethyl lactate with BSA reduced the concentration of bilirubin in plasma by 53% in less than 30 min. This effect was not observed in particles without BSA. Therefore, the presence of albumin on the particles enabled quick and selective removal of bilirubin from plasma. Overall, the study highlights the potential use of St-DVB particles with PEGMA and/or GMA brushes for bilirubin removal in haemodialyzed patients. The immobilization of albumin onto the particles using ethyl lactate increased their capacity for bilirubin removal and enabled quick and selective removal from plasma.