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Traditional bullying typically occurs in schools and has been associated with a myriad of mental health problems. Recent evidence has indicated that cyberbullying may just be traditional bullying that is extended to the online world, but this possibility has received only limited study in Asian countries. This study explored the co-occurrence of traditional and cybervictimization and its association with mental health among 3319 adolescents aged 12 to 17 years in Singapore. Victims of bullying were categorized into mutually exclusive groups: traditional-only victims, cyber-only victims, or combined traditional and cybervictims. Results indicated that there were substantial overlaps between victimization in traditional bullying and cyberbullying and that traditional victimization was more prevalent than cybervictimization. Being a victim of either form of bullying (i.e., traditional-only or cyber-only victims) was associated with higher reports of internalizing and externalizing problems, and combined traditional and cybervictims reported the most internalizing problems. However, there were no significant differences in problem scores between traditional-only victims and cyber-only victims. The findings highlight the need to consider the extensive overlap between traditional and cybervictimization when investigating their differential association with adolescents’ mental health. Prevention and intervention efforts by school staff and mental health practitioners need to target both traditional bullying and cyberbullying in an integrated manner, and extra attention should be provided to adolescents who are victims of both forms of bullying.

Background Social media use has constituted to significant time spent online by adolescents globally, with its untoward effects increasingly being reported in many countries. Bullying through the use of such media has afflicted many adolescents to cause severe mental health concerns including self-harm and suicide.Aims The aims of this study are to examine the prevalence of cyberbullying in Singapore adolescents, its associations with psychosocial issues including self-harm and suicidal behaviors, and how adolescents seek help after being cybervictimised.Methods A representative sample of 3,319 school students aged between 12 and 17 years were recruited in this cross-sectional study and responded to a survey with scales measuring cyberbullying, psychosocial difficulties, self-harm, suicidal and help-seeking behaviors. The prevalence rate of cyberbullying was first explored using descriptive statistics, followed by Pearson chi-square tests for independence, one-way ANOVA tests and multinomial logistics regressions to examine its associations with various psychosocial issues.Results In the present study, 7.3% of adolescents reported being cybervictims only, 1.8% were cyberbullies only and 4.8% were cyberbully-victims. Compared to the non-involved group, all three cyberbullying-involved groups were associated with higher externalising problems [ F (3, 3290) = 62.06, p

The present study extends the literature by investigating the relative salience of self- and collective efficacy in predicting group performance among early adolescents in Indonesia. A total of 435 early adolescents (mean age 11.70 years, 53% female) were randomly assigned to groups of three to four and completed three group tasks (task 1: puzzles; task 2: math; task 3: puzzles). Results indicated that collective efficacy was a more salient predictor of group performance than self-efficacy. Examination of the interaction effects suggested that the positive effects of collective efficacy on task performance were moderated by the levels of individual members’ self-efficacy, that is, when group members’ self-efficacy was high, task performance was lower. However, the debilitating effect disappears in the last task, where self-efficacy no longer undermines task performance when group members’ collective efficacy is high. Interestingly, heterogeneity of the group in terms of gender and ethnicity compos...