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1. Chemical, Physical and Mechanical Analysis of Explanted Breast Implants

Author

Wolf, C. J., Brandon, H. J., Young, V. L., Jerina, K. L., Srivastava, A. P., Compans, R. W., editor, Cooper, M., editor, Koprowski, H., editor, Melchers, F., editor, Oldstone, M., editor, Olsnes, S., editor, Potter, M., editor, Saedler, H., editor, Vogt, P. K., editor, Wagner, H., editor, Potter, Michael, editor, and Rose, Noel R., editor

Published
1996
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7. Scavenging in the Anthropocene: Human impact drives vertebrate scavenger species richness at a global scale

Author

Sebastián-González, E, primary, Barbosa, JM, primary, Pérez-García, JM, primary, Morales-Reyes, Z, primary, Botella, F, primary, Olea, PP, primary, Mateo-Tomás, P, primary, Moleón, M, primary, Hiraldo, F, primary, Arrondo, E, primary, Donázar, JA, primary, Cortés-Avizanda, A, primary, Selva, N, primary, Lambertucci, SA, primary, Bhattacharjee, A, primary, Brewer, A, primary, Anadón, JD, primary, Abernethy, E, primary, Rhodes, OE, primary, Turner, K, primary, Beasley, JC, primary, DeVault, TL, primary, Ordiz, A, primary, Wikenros, C, primary, Zimmermann, B, primary, Wabakken, P, primary, Wilmers, CC, primary, Smith, JA, primary, Kendall, CJ, primary, Ogada, D, primary, Buechley, ER, primary, Frehner, E, primary, Allen, ML, primary, Wittmer, Heiko, primary, Butler, JRA, primary, Toit, JT du, primary, Read, J, primary, Wilson, D, primary, Jerina, K, primary, Krofel, M, primary, Kostecke, R, primary, Inger, R, primary, Samson, A, primary, Naves-Alegre, L, primary, and Sánchez-Zapata, JA, primary

Published
2020
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8. Right on track?

Author

Hofman, Maarten P. G., Hayward, M. W., Heim, M., Marchand, P., Rolandsen, C. M., Mattisson, Jenny, Urbano, F., Heurich, M., Mysterud, A., Melzheimer, J., Morellet, N., Voigt, Ulrich, Allen, B. L., Gehr, Benedikt, Rouco Zufiaurre, Carlos, Ullmann, Wiebke (Dr.), Holand, O., Jorgensen, n H., Steinheim, G., Cagnacci, F., Kroeschel, M., Kaczensky, P., Buuveibaatar, B., Payne, J. C., Palmegiani, I, Jerina, K., Kjellander, P., Johansson, O., LaPoint, S., Bayrakcismith, R., Linnell, J. D. C., Zaccaroni, M., Jorge, M. L. S., Oshima, J. E. F., Songhurst, A., Fischer, C., Mc Bride, R. T., Thompson, J. J., Streif, S., Sandfort, R., Bonenfant, Christophe, Drouilly, M., Klapproth, M., Zinner, Dietmar, Yarnell, Richard, Stronza, A., Wilmott, L., Meisingset, E., Thaker, Maria, Vanak, A. T., Nicoloso, S., Graeber, R., Said, S., Boudreau, M. R., Devlin, A., Hoogesteijn, R., May-Junior, J. A., Nifong, J. C., Odden, J., Quigley, H. B., Tortato, F., Parker, D. M., Caso, A., Perrine, J., Tellaeche, C., Zieba, F., Zwijacz-Kozica, T., Appel, C. L., Axsom, I, Bean, W. T., Cristescu, B., Periquet, S., Teichman, K. J., Karpanty, S., Licoppe, A., Menges, V, Black, K., Scheppers, Thomas L., Schai-Braun, S. C., Azevedo, F. C., Lemos, F. G., Payne, A., Swanepoel, L. H., Weckworth, B., Berger, A., Bertassoni, Alessandra, McCulloch, G., Sustr, P., Athreya, V, Bockmuhl, D., Casaer, J., Ekori, A., Melovski, D., Richard-Hansen, C., van de Vyver, D., Reyna-Hurtado, R., Robardet, E., Selva, N., Sergiel, A., Farhadinia, M. S., Sunde, P., Portas, R., Ambarli, Hüseyin, Berzins, R., Kappeler, P. M., Mann, G. K., Pyritz, L., Bissett, C., Grant, T., Steinmetz, R., Swedell, Larissa, Welch, R. J., Armenteras, D., Bidder, O. R., Gonzalez, T. M., Rosenblatt, A., Kachel, S., and Balkenhol, N.

Subjects
ddc:590, Institut für Biochemie und Biologie
Abstract

Satellite telemetry is an increasingly utilized technology in wildlife research, and current devices can track individual animal movements at unprecedented spatial and temporal resolutions. However, as we enter the golden age of satellite telemetry, we need an in-depth understanding of the main technological, species-specific and environmental factors that determine the success and failure of satellite tracking devices across species and habitats. Here, we assess the relative influence of such factors on the ability of satellite telemetry units to provide the expected amount and quality of data by analyzing data from over 3,000 devices deployed on 62 terrestrial species in 167 projects worldwide. We evaluate the success rate in obtaining GPS fixes as well as in transferring these fixes to the user and we evaluate failure rates. Average fix success and data transfer rates were high and were generally better predicted by species and unit characteristics, while environmental characteristics influenced the variability of performance. However, 48% of the unit deployments ended prematurely, half of them due to technical failure. Nonetheless, this study shows that the performance of satellite telemetry applications has shown improvements over time, and based on our findings, we provide further recommendations for both users and manufacturers.

Published
2019

9. Right on track? Performance of satellite telemetry in terrestrial wildlife research

Author

Hayward, M.W., Heim, M., Marchand, P., Rolandsen, C.M., Mattisson, J., Urbano, F., Heurich, M., Mysterud, A., Melzheimer, J., Morellet, Nicolas, Voigt, U., Allen, B.L., Gehr, B., Rouco, C., Ullmann, W., Holand, O., Jorgensen, N.H., Steinheim, G., Cagnacci, F., Kroeschel, M., Kaczensky, P., Buuveibaatar, B., Payne, J.C., Palmegiani, I., Jerina, K., Kjellander, P., Johansson, O., LaPoint, S., Bayrakcismith, R., Linnell, J.D.C., Zaccaroni, M., Jorge, M.L.S., Oshima, J.E.F., Songhurst, A., Fischer, C., Mc Bride, R.T., Thompson, J.J., Streif, S., Sandfort, R., Bonenfant, C., Drouilly, M., Klapproth, M., Zinner, D., Yarnell, R., Stronza, A., Wilmott, L., Meisingset, E., Thaker, M., Vanak, A.T., Nicoloso, S., Graeber, R., Said, S., Boudreau, M.R., Devlin, A., Hoogesteijn, R., May-Junior, J.A., Nifong, J.C., Odden, J., Quigley, H.B., Tortato, F., Parker, D.M., Caso, A., Perrine, J., Tellaeche, C., Zieba, F., Zwijacz-Kozica, T., Appel, C. L., Axsom, I., Bean, W.T., Cristescu, B., Periquet, S., Teichman, K.J., Karpanty, S., Licoppe, A., Menges, V., Black, K., Scheppers, T.L., Schai-Braun, S.C., Azevedo, F.C., Lemos, F.G., Payne, A., Swanepoel, L.H., Weckworth, B., Berger, A., Bertassoni, A., McCulloch, G., Sustr, P., Athreya, V., Bockmuhl, D., Casaer, J., Ekori, A., Melovski, D., Richard-Hansen, C., van de Vyver, D., Reyna-Hurtado, R., Robardet, E., Selva, N., Sergiel, A., Farhadinia, M. S., Sunde, P., Portas, R., Ambarli, H., Berzins, R., Kappeler, P.M., Mann, G.K., Pyritz, L., Bissett, C., Grant, T., Steinmetz, R., Swedell, L., Welch, R.J., Armenteras, D., Bidder, O.R., Gonzalez, T.M., Rosenblatt, A., Kachel, S., Balkenhol, N., and Hofman, M.P.G.

Subjects
GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM, GPS-TELEMETRY, COLLAR PERFORMANCE, FIX SUCCESS, R PACKAGE, HABITAT, BEHAVIOR, SELECTION, LOCATION, PATTERNS
Abstract

Satellite telemetry is an increasingly utilized technology in wildlife research, and current devices can track individual animal movements at unprecedented spatial and temporal resolutions. However, as we enter the golden age of satellite telemetry, we need an in-depth understanding of the main technological, species-specific and environmental factors that determine the success and failure of satellite tracking devices across species and habitats. Here, we assess the relative influence of such factors on the ability of satellite telemetry units to provide the expected amount and quality of data by analyzing data from over 3,000 devices deployed on 62 terrestrial species in 167 projects worldwide. We evaluate the success rate in obtaining GPS fixes as well as in transferring these fixes to the user and we evaluate failure rates. Average fix success and data transfer rates were high and were generally better predicted by species and unit characteristics, while environmental characteristics influenced the variability of performance. However, 48% of the unit deployments ended prematurely, half of them due to technical failure. Nonetheless, this study shows that the performance of satellite telemetry applications has shown improvements over time, and based on our findings, we provide further recommendations for both users and manufacturers.

Published
2019

10. Right on track? Performance of satellite telemetry in terrestrial wildlife research

Author

Hofman, MPG, Hayward, MW, Heim, M, Marchand, P, Rolandsen, CM, Mattisson, J, Urbano, F, Heurich, M, Mysterud, A, Melzheimer, J, Morellet, N, Voigt, U, Allen, BL, Gehr, B, Rouco, C, Ullmann, W, Holand, Ø, Jørgensen, NH, Steinheim, G, Cagnacci, F, Kroeschel, M, Kaczensky, P, Buuveibaatar, B, Payne, JC, Palmegiani, I, Jerina, K, Kjellander, P, Johansson, Ö, Lapoint, S, Bayrakcismith, R, Linnell, JDC, Zaccaroni, M, Jorge, MLS, Oshima, JEF, Songhurst, A, Fischer, C, Bride, RT, Thompson, JJ, Streif, S, Sandfort, R, Bonenfant, C, Drouilly, M, Klapproth, M, Zinner, D, Yarnell, R, Stronza, A, Wilmott, L, Meisingset, E, Thaker, M, Vanak, AT, Nicoloso, S, Graeber, R, Said, S, Boudreau, MR, Devlin, A, Hoogesteijn, R, May-Junior, JA, Nifong, JC, Odden, J, Quigley, HB, Tortato, F, Parker, DM, Caso, A, Perrine, J, Tellaeche, C, Zieba, F, Zwijacz-Kozica, T, Appel, CL, Axsom, I, Bean, WT, Cristescu, B, Périquet, S, Teichman, KJ, Karpanty, S, Licoppe, A, Menges, V, Black, K, Scheppers, TL, Schai-Braun, SC, Azevedo, FC, Lemos, FG, Payne, A, Swanepoel, LH, Weckworth, BV, Berger, A, Bertassoni, A, McCulloch, G, Šustr, P, Athreya, V, Bockmuhl, D, Casaer, J, Ekori, A, Melovski, D, Richard-Hansen, C, Van De Vyver, D, Reyna-Hurtado, R, Robardet, E, Selva, N, Sergiel, A, Farhadinia, MS, Sunde, P, Portas, R, Ambarli, H, Berzins, R, Kappeler, PM, Mann, GK, Pyritz, L, Bissett, C, Grant, T, Steinmetz, R, Swedell, L, Welch, RJ, Armenteras, D, Bidder, OR, González, TM, Rosenblatt, A, Kachel, S, Balkenhol, N, University of Goettingen, Bangor University, Nelson Mandela University, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Unité Ongulés Sauvages, Université Grenoble Alpes, University of Freiburg, Bavarian Forest National Park, University of Oslo, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, INRA, University of Veterinary Medicine, Institute for Agriculture and the Environment, University of Zurich, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Landcare Research, Universidad de Córdoba, University of Potsdam, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Forest Research Institute of Baden-Wuerttemberg, Mongolia Program, Biotechnical Faculty, Swedish University for Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Snow Leopard Trust, Max-Planck Institute for Ornithology, Columbia University, Panthera, University of Florence, Vanderbilt University, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Ecoexist, University of Oxford, Texas A and M University, D’Ingenierie et d’Architecture de Geneve, Faro Maro Ecoresearch, Guyra Paraguay—CONACYT, Instituto Saite, Ronin Institute, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, University of Cape Town, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Brackenhurst Campus, Office of Environment and Heritage, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Indian Institute of Science, Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, DBT India Alliance, University of KwaZulu-Natal, D.R.E.Am. Italia, Unités Ongulés Sauvages, Trent University, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, University of Santa Catarina, Onçafari, Environmental Laboratory, Rhodes University, University of Mpumalanga, Ministery of Environment and Natural Resources of Mexico, Alianza Nacional Para la Conservacion del Jaguar A.C., California Polytechnic State University, Universidad Nacional de Jujuy–CONICET, Tatra National Park, Humboldt State University, South Africa, Main Camp Research, University of British Columbia, Virginia Tech., Service Public de Wallonie, Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Fazenda Limoeiro, University of Venda, Instituto de Pesquisa e Conservação de Tamanduás no Brasil, Global Change Research Institute CAS, Wildlife Conservation Society—India, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Western Switzerland, Macedonian Ecological Society, Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, Université de Guyane), El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, ANSES Nancy Laboratory for Rabies and Wildlife, Polish Academy of Sciences, Aarhus University, Duzce University, WWF Thailand, City University of New York, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, University of California, University of North Florida, University of Washington, University of Newcastle, Black Rock Forest, Sequoia Riverlands Trust, Ongava Research Centre, Scientific Services, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), CEntre Technique des Industries Mécaniques (CETIM), CEntre Technique des Industries Mécaniques - Cetim (FRANCE), Department of Research and Documentation, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Deutscher Wetterdienst [Offenbach] (DWD), Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Department of Animal and Man Biology, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Université de Lyon, Office Nationale de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Centro de Engenharia Biologica e Quimica, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa (IST), SOPTOM, CRCC Centre for Research and Conservation of Chelonians, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Life Cycle Strategies, Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, and Fish and Wildlife Conservation

Subjects
Questionnaires, SELECTION, Forests, Wildlife, Data acquisition, Temperate forests, Animal performance, Data reduction, Global positioning system, Movement ecology, Telemetry, R PACKAGE, Spacecraft, HABITAT, Animal Management, Centre for Ecological Sciences, Ecology, Eukaryota, Agriculture, Terrestrial Environments, Navigation, GPS-TELEMETRY, Multidisciplinary Sciences, Data Acquisition, Research Design, Engineering and Technology, Science & Technology - Other Topics, Medicine, Temperate Forests, Information Technology, BEHAVIOR, Research Article, Environmental Monitoring, Computer and Information Sciences, Animals, Animals, Wild, Ecosystem, Geographic Information Systems, Animal Types, Science, GPS telemetry, Research and Analysis Methods, Ecosystems, COLLAR PERFORMANCE, FIX SUCCESS, Settore BIO/07 - ECOLOGIA, LOCATION, Animal Performance, GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM, Survey Research, Science & Technology, Bio-logging, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, Data Reduction, Wildlife conservation, PATTERNS, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Zoology
Abstract

Satellite telemetry is an increasingly utilized technology in wildlife research, and current devices can track individual animal movements at unprecedented spatial and temporal resolutions. However, as we enter the golden age of satellite telemetry, we need an in-depth understanding of the main technological, species-specific and environmental factors that determine the success and failure of satellite tracking devices across species and habitats. Here, we assess the relative influence of such factors on the ability of satellite telemetry units to provide the expected amount and quality of data by analyzing data from over 3,000 devices deployed on 62 terrestrial species in 167 projects worldwide. We evaluate the success rate in obtaining GPS fixes as well as in transferring these fixes to the user and we evaluate failure rates. Average fix success and data transfer rates were high and were generally better predicted by species and unit characteristics, while environmental characteristics influenced the variability of performance. However, 48% of the unit deployments ended prematurely, half of them due to technical failure. Nonetheless, this study shows that the performance of satellite telemetry applications has shown improvements over time, and based on our findings, we provide further recommendations for both users and manufacturers. Forest and Nature for Society (FONASO) Erasmus Mundus Joint Doctorate programme [2013-09] University of Goettingen Norwegian Environment Agency Research Council of Norway [212919] Norwegian Institute for Nature Research Messerli Foundation, WWF Landcare Research Ltd New Zealand TBfree New Zealand (AHB project) [R10737] Norwegian Research Counsil, Smafefondet, NMBU Research Council of Norway Federal State of Baden-Wuerttemberg (Landesjagdabgabe) Wildlife Conservation Society Swedish Environmental Protection Agency private foundation "Marie Clair Cronstedts stiftelse" NASA Arctic Boreal Vulnerability Experiment [NNX15AV92A] National Geographic Society Waitt Grant Program [W157-110] FAPESP [2013/50421-2, 2014/23132-2] CNPq [312045/2013-1, 312292/2016-3, 161089/2014-3] Silicon Valley Community Foundation The Overbrook Foundation International ReSource Award WCS Brasil Vanderbilt University PROCAD/CAPES [88881.068425/2014-01] MLSJ Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo Fapesp [2013/50421-2, 2014/23132-2] Projeto Pecarideos - WCS Brasil Howard G Buffett Foundation Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia -CONACYT Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG) [814274, 834118] Leobner Realgemeinschaft Forstbetrieb Kletschach WWF Nedbank Green Trust [GT 2251] DFG [Fi707/9-1/DFG Zi548/6-1/DAAD (D/12/41834), FI707/9-1, ZI548/6-1] DAAD [D/12/41834] Nottingham Trent University The Howard G. Buffett Foundation ISRO-IISc Space Technology Cell Wellcome Trust/DBT India Alliance and Space Technology Cell, Indian Institute of Science Lower Saxony Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection Panthera Kaplan Graduate Award Bank of America Reindeer Development Fund in Norway Rhodes University Robin Hurt Wildlife Foundation Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute Wildlife Conservation Network Humboldt State University HSU Marine and Coastal Science Initiative Humboldt State University Research, Scholarship and Creative Activities Grant Claude Leon Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship The Cape Leopard Trust Conservation South Africa South African National Parks HERD project (Hwange Environmental Research Development) - Agence Nationale de la Recherche (FEAR project) [ANR-08-BLAN-0022] Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Programme Zones Ateliers) National Geographic Society [C151-08] NSERC CGS D U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Service public de Wallonie Direction generale de l'Agriculture, des Ressources naturelles et de l'Environnement U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Parrotia-Stiftung Stiftung Dr. Joachim de Giacomi Basler Stiftung fur biologische Forschung Messerli Stiftung Carl Burger Stiftung CIC Schweiz CIC Deutschland Paul Schiller Stiftung Karl Mayer Stiftung Consorcio Capim Branco de Energia Ministere de l'Agriculture de l'Agroalimentaire et de la Foret Conseil Regional de Bourgogne Conseil General de la Cote d'Or Federation Departementale des Chasseurs de Cote d'Or Groupement de Defense Sanitaire de Cote d'Or Federation Nationale des Chasseurs Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage South African National Research Foundation [107099] Sao Paulo Research Foundation [FAPESP 2013/04957-8, FAPESP 2013/18526-9] MAVA Foundation, Switzerland The Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt DBU (German Federal Environmental Foundation) Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES) Project GLOBE - Polish-Norwegian Research Programme [POLNOR/198352/85/2013] ASer: Norway Grants under the Polish-Norwegian Research Program [POL-NOR/198352/85/2013] The People's Trust for Endangered Species (PTES) Zoologische Gesellschaft fur Arten-und Populationsschutz (ZGAP) Iranian Cheetah Society Quagga Conservation Fund IdeaWild Association Francaise des Parcs Zoologiques (AFdPZ) DEAL (Direction de l'Environnement de l'Amenagement et du Logement) de Guyane CNES (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales) The Nedbank WWF Green Trust The International Foundation for Science Cape Leopard Trust German Research Foundation [DFG: KA 1082/16-1] The Wildlife and Reserve Management Research Group (WRMRG) International Foundation for Science (IFS) Safari Club International Foundation (SCIF) The Rufford Small Grants Foundation Ernst & Ethel Eriksen Trust WWF Sweden Leakey Foundation National Geographic Society WennerGren Foundation Departamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Colciencias, Project "Efecto de la presencia de saladosnaturales en la distribucion y uso de habitat de la danta de tier-ras bajas (Tapirus terrestris) en las amazonas colombiano" [1101569-33286, 0385-2013] Alexander von Humboldt Foundation NSF Graduate Research Fellowship [DEG-125608] Sustainability East Asia LLC - SEA Amarula Trust National Geographic Earthwatch Institute World Wildlife Fund for Nature Columbus Zoo California North Coast Chapter of The Wildlife Society Sequoia Park Zoo Foundation Anses This work was supported by: Forest and Nature for Society (FONASO) Erasmus Mundus Joint Doctorate programme (CONTRACT NO. 2013-09) to MPGH, Publication costs were covered by the Open Access Publication Fund of the University of Goettingen; The Norwegian Environment Agency, the Research Council of Norway (project 212919), Norwegian Institute for Nature Research to JM; Messerli Foundation, WWF to JMel; CRou: The author was supported in the form of salary by a postdoctoral grant funded by Landcare Research Ltd New Zealand and data provided was funded by research project grant from TBfree New Zealand (AHB project number R10737). Norwegian Research Counsil, Smafefondet, NMBU to NHJ; The Research Council of Norway to GS; Federal State of Baden-Wuerttemberg (Landesjagdabgabe) to MK; Funding for the capture and collaring of khulan was received from Wildlife Conservation Society, administered through a cooperative agreement with Sustainability East Asia LLC - SEA and originating from Oy Du Tolgoi -OT gold and copper mining company to PK; Swedish fieldwork was supported by the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency and by the private foundation "Marie Clair Cronstedts stiftelse" to PKje; NASA Arctic Boreal Vulnerability Experiment (project #NNX15AV92A), National Geographic Society Waitt Grant Program (Grant #W157-110) to SL; Research Council of Norway to JDCL; FAPESP (2013/50421-2, 2014/23132-2), CNPq (312045/2013-1; 312292/2016-3; 161089/2014-3), Silicon Valley Community Foundation, The Overbrook Foundation, the International ReSource Award, WCS Brasil, and Vanderbilt University. PROCAD/CAPES (88881.068425/2014-01); MLSJ Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo Fapesp (process: 2013/50421-2 and scholarship: 2014/23132-2) and CNPQ (scholarship: 161089/2014-3), Projeto Pecarideos - WCS Brasil and Vanderbilt University for funding this research to JEFO.; Howard G Buffett Foundation, Amarula Trust to AS; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia -CONACYT with resources from the FEE to JJT; Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG) grant numbers 814274 and 834118, Leobner Realgemeinschaft and Forstbetrieb Kletschach to RS; WWF Nedbank Green Trust (grant number GT 2251) to MD; DFG Fi707/9-1/DFG Zi548/6-1/DAAD (D/12/41834) to MKla; DFG FI707/9-1, DFG ZI548/6-1, DAAD D/12/41834 to DZ; GPS tags were funded by Nottingham Trent University, National Geographic, Earthwatch Institute, World Wildlife Fund for Nature, Columbus Zoo to RY; The Howard G. Buffett Foundation to AStr; ISRO-IISc Space Technology Cell to MT; Wellcome Trust/DBT India Alliance and Space Technology Cell, Indian Institute of Science to ATV; D.R.E. Am. Italia provided support in the form of salary for author SN, but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The specific role of this author is articulated in the 'author contributions' section.; RG was supported by funds of the Lower Saxony Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection; Panthera Kaplan Graduate Award to AD; Bank of America to JAM; The Norwegian Environment Agency, the Research Council of Norway (Project 212919), the Reindeer Development Fund in Norway, and several County administrations around Norway to JO; Rhodes University to DMP; Robin Hurt Wildlife Foundation, Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute to AC; Wildlife Conservation Network, Panthera to CT; Humboldt State University, HSU Marine and Coastal Science Initiative, California North Coast Chapter of The Wildlife Society, Sequoia Park Zoo Foundation to CLA; Humboldt State University Research, Scholarship and Creative Activities Grant to IA; Humboldt State University Research, Scholarship and Creative Activities Grant to WTB; Claude Leon Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship, The Cape Leopard Trust, Conservation South Africa, South African National Parks to BC; GPS collars were funded by the HERD project (Hwange Environmental Research Development), funded by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (FEAR project ANR-08-BLAN-0022), and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Programme Zones Ateliers). Some collars were funded by the National Geographic Society GRANT #C151-08 to SP; NSERC CGS D to KJT; SK: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to SK; Service public de Wallonie. Direction generale de l'Agriculture, des Ressources naturelles et de l'Environnement to AL; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to KB; Parrotia-Stiftung, Stiftung Dr. Joachim de Giacomi, Basler Stiftung fur biologische Forschung, Messerli Stiftung, Carl Burger Stiftung, CIC Schweiz, CIC Deutschland, Paul Schiller Stiftung and Karl Mayer Stiftung to SCS; Consorcio Capim Branco de Energia to FCA; Consorcio Capim Branco de Energia to FGL; Ministere de l'Agriculture de l'Agroalimentaire et de la Foret, the Conseil Regional de Bourgogne, the Conseil General de la Cote d'Or, the Federation Departementale des Chasseurs de Cote d'Or, the Groupement de Defense Sanitaire de Cote d'Or, the Federation Nationale des Chasseurs and the Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage to AP.; ; South African National Research Foundation (Grant number: 107099) to LHS; Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP 2013/04957-8 and FAPESP 2013/18526-9) to ABer; MAVA Foundation, Switzerland; The Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt DBU (German Federal Environmental Foundation) to DM; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES) to CRic; Anses to ER; Project GLOBE (POLNOR/198352/85/2013) funded by the Polish-Norwegian Research Programme operated by the National Centre for Research and Development; ASer: Norway Grants under the Polish-Norwegian Research Program operated by the National Centre for Research and Development (GLOBE, POL-NOR/198352/85/2013) to NS; The People's Trust for Endangered Species (PTES), Zoologische Gesellschaft fur Arten-und Populationsschutz (ZGAP), Iranian Cheetah Society, Quagga Conservation Fund, IdeaWild, Panthera and Association Francaise des Parcs Zoologiques (AFdPZ) to MSF; DEAL (Direction de l'Environnement de l'Amenagement et du Logement) de Guyane, CNES (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales) to RBer; The Nedbank WWF Green Trust, The International Foundation for Science, the Cape Leopard Trust, Rhodes University to GKM; German Research Foundation (DFG: KA 1082/16-1) to LP; The Wildlife and Reserve Management Research Group (WRMRG), International Foundation for Science (IFS), Safari Club International Foundation (SCIF), The Rufford Small Grants Foundation, Ernst & Ethel Eriksen Trust to TG; WWF Sweden to RSte; Leakey Foundation, National Geographic Society, WennerGren Foundation to LS; Departamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Colciencias, Project "Efecto de la presencia de saladosnaturales en la distribucion y uso de habitat de la danta de tier-ras bajas (Tapirus terrestris) en las amazonas colombiano" (grantnumber 1101569-33286, contract: 0385-2013) to DA; PostDoctoral Fellowship from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation to ORB; NSF Graduate Research Fellowship DEG-125608 to SKac. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.; We thank Horst Reinecke and Christian Trothe for database management and data entry, and James Gibbons, Matthias Schmid and Benjamin Hofner for their enlightening explanations on the statistics. We thank Stan Tomkiewicz for insightful discussion on GPS collar functioning, and the Eurodeer. org network, Sarah Davidson of Movebank. org, and Stephanie O'Donnell of WILDLABS. NET for helping to spread the word about this study. We also thank Jonah Gula, Olav Strand, Ole Roer, Liu Yanlin, Bernt-Erik Saether, Anders Borstad, Laura McMahon, Thomas Morrison, Maurizio Ramanzin, Vebjorn Veiberg, Erling Johan Solberg, Leif Soennichsen, Hans Christian Pedersen, Tom McCarthy, Jacqueline L. Frair, Siobhan Dyer, Morten Odden, Lars Haugaard, and Peter G. Crawshaw, Jr. for their data contributions. The publication was supported by the Open Access Publication Fund of the University of Goettingen.

Published
2019

19. Context‐dependent behaviour and connectivity of recolonizing brown bear populations identify transboundary conservation challenges in Central Europe.

Author

Recio, M. R., Knauer, F., Molinari‐Jobin, A., Huber, Đ., Filacorda, S., and Jerina, K.

Subjects
CARNIVOROUS animals, BROWN bear, BEAR populations, FRAGMENTED landscapes, HABITAT conservation, HABITAT selection, BIRD populations
Abstract

Following historical restrictions to isolated and patchy populations, large carnivores like the brown bear Ursus arctos are recolonizing areas of their historical range in Europe. This process is of particular interest in the Alps and the Dinaric Mountains in Central Europe, the largest mountain range in the continent and of transboundary conservation interest. To assist policies focused on the expansion of bears in this region, we conducted habitat selection analyses accounting for different behaviour between three populations (Trentino, pre‐Alps and Dinaric) where bears have adapted to different intensities of human persecution. We then identified the landscape connectivity between these fragmented populations that could provide viable habitat and stepping‐stone patches for recolonization. To handle individual and population differences in space‐use, we modelled habitat selection per population from an individual‐level and integrated results into a multi‐population model using scale‐integrated resource selection functions. We then calculated connectivity indices per patch and the contribution of various countries involved in bear management in the region to enhancing connectivity. Bears mostly selected forests across all populations while preferences for other variables differed among populations and across scales. Bears in the highly humanized habitats of the Trentino selected the most intricate topography, where they could more easily find refuge. Suitable but fragmented habitat patches were common all over the study area with the most suitable habitat in the pre‐Alpine and Dinaric populations. However, the Trentino and pre‐Alp included the patches of maximum/medium priority as stepping‐stones to connect these populations. Transboundary initiatives for the conservation of existing habitat and the facilitation of connectivity are required to promote current bear expansion and reduce conflicts with humans. Our framework provides insight into the adaptive behaviour of large carnivores in human‐dominated landscapes in a conservation context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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20. Influence of high pressure hydrogen environment on creep deformation of Mo-Re, Haynes 188, and NARloy-Z alloys

Author

Sastry, S. M. L, Yang, Charles C, Ouyang, Shewang, Jerina, K. L, and Schwartz, D. S

Subjects
Metallic Materials
Abstract

The present study focuses on the investigation of the influence of hydrogen on the mechanical properties of three types of alloys at elevated temperatures. The reasons for the consideration of hydrogen effects are the potential use of hydrogen as a coolant in gas-cooled reactors and fuel in advanced hypersonic vehicles. The materials used in hydrogen atmosphere must not be embrittled by hydrogen at ambient temperature and should have good strength in hydrogen atmosphere at elevated temperature. The paucity of information concerning the mechanical performance in hydrogen atmosphere at elevated temperature has been a limiting factor in the selection and design of structural components for operation in hydrogen environment.

Published
1994

21. Brown bear research in Europe: a review of the data collected and their value for conservation

Author

Barba, M., Selva, N., Zedrosser, A., Balkenhol, N., Cotovelea, A., Maiorano, L., Thuiller, W., Ballesteros, F., Francesca Cagnacci, Ćirović, D., Ciucci, P., Davoli, F., Fattori, U., Findo, S., Gabriel Hernando, M., Dutsov, A., Groff, C., Hagen, S., Huber, D., Huitu, O., Jerina, K., Karamanlidis, A. A., Knauer, F., Kojola, I., Kopatz, A., Mertzanis, G., Molinari, P., Naves, J., Palazón, S., Pašić, J., Paule, L., Pedrotti, L., Perovic, A., Psaralexi, M., Punovic, M., Quenette, P. Y., Rauer, G., Revilla, E., Saarma, U., Mateo Sánchez, M. C., Saura, S., Shkvyria, M., Skrbinsek, T., Skuban, M., Stojanov, A., Trajçe, A., Yakovlev, Y., and Zlatanova, D.

Subjects
Bearconnect, Brown bear, Settore BIO/07 - ECOLOGIA
Published
2017

22. Fatigue of Tungsten Fiber/Copper Matrix Composite--An Interlaboratory Study.

Author

Jerina, K. L. and Mitchell, M. R.

Abstract

Seven laboratories participated in an interlaboratory study to assess the applicability of ASTM E606, Test Method for Strain-Controlled Fatigue Testing, to strain-controlled fatigue of a tungsten fiber/copper matrix composite (Battelle Columbus, University of Iowa, IITRI, MCL, MarTest, Rockwell International Science Center and University of Twente). Because of the material and specimen fabrication methods, the number of fibers in the 9, 25, and 36 % fiber volume fraction specimens is approximately the same and the strain-life data are nearly identical for each of the volume fractions. Although the specimen aspect ratio is within the nominal range, the specimen diameter is less than the nominal value specified in ASTM E606. Laboratories reporting data noted that a small specimen diameter and a large gage section aspect ratio made specimen alignment difficult. Thus, specimen buckling was problematic at high strain ranges. The study data are reported and analyzed with nonparametric and semiparametric statistical methods to assess the effect of study covariates on fatigue life. The median fatigue life, median absolute deviation from the median, and interquartile range are reported as measures of central tendency and variability. ASTM E606 may be used as a guide to evaluate the fatigue response of this type of composite material if the length-to-diameter aspect ratio, specimen alignment in the fatigue machine, and specimen surface finish are closely monitored to ensure valid data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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25. A Precision Statement for Fatigue of Solid Round Wire.

Author

Jerina, K. L. and Mitchell, M. R.

Abstract

ASTM E2948, Standard Test Method for Conducting Rotating Bending Fatigue Tests of Solid Round Fine Wire, is a procedure for rotating bending fatigue tests of fine wire to obtain the fatigue strength for metallic materials at a specified life in the fatigue regime where the strains are predominately and nominally linear elastic. This method is limited to the fatigue testing of small diameter solid round wire subjected to constant amplitude, completely reversed, periodic strain. The methodology can be useful in assessing the effects of inclusions, melt technique, and cold work processing. Data obtained in accordance with ASTM E2948 is subject to variability because of many factors. An inter-laboratory study (ILS) was performed to assess variability of the data and to develop a precision statement for ASTM E2948. Ten laboratories participated in the ILS. The samples consisted of two materials, Nitinol and 35N LT. Each material was supplied from a single lot from a single manufacturer. Samples were tested at three different strain amplitudes with ten replicates at each strain level. Variability of the resulting data was quantified as reproducibility limits, between laboratory variability, and repeatability limits, within laboratory variability. A precision statement for ASTM E2948 was formulated based on the reproducibility and repeatability limits determined from the inter-laboratory study. The viability of the limits is assessed with Monte Carlo simulations. Alternative methods of analysis using nonparametric statistics and bootstrap methods are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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28. Winter sleep with room service: denning behaviour of brown bears with access to anthropogenic food.

Author

Krofel, M., Špacapan, M., and Jerina, K.

Subjects
HIBERNATION, BROWN bear, GRIZZLY bear, SUBCONSCIOUSNESS, PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY
Abstract

Large quantities of food subsidies provided by humans to animal communities have the potential to change a variety of animal life traits, including denning behaviour of facultative hibernators like bears. Brown bears Ursus arctos regularly use anthropogenic food, but it has remained unclear if human food subsidies affect their hibernation and denning behaviour, despite the consequences this could have for bear interactions with humans and other species. We studied denning behaviour of European brown bears in Slovenia, where intensive supplemental feeding with corn is practiced throughout the year, including winter. We used GPS telemetry data to locate den sites and to monitor bear denning chronology. We conducted a meta-analysis to compare our results with other bear populations across Europe, Asia and North America. A consistent relationship between latitude and time spent denning was observed for male and female brown bears across the species' range (for each degree of latitude northwards, denning period increased for 3.1 days), and males on average denned 10.3 days longer than females throughout the latitudinal gradient. However, our study area deviated strongly from regions where supplemental feeding was not practiced. In Slovenia, denning period averaged 82 days for females and 57 days for males, which was 45 and 56% shorter compared to the time predicted for this latitude, respectively. We also observed regular den abandonments (61% of bears abandoned dens, on average 1.9 times per winter). During the winter period bears increased use of supplemental feeding sites for 61% compared to the non-denning period. We conclude that the availability of anthropogenic food is an important driver of denning behaviour in brown bears. Reduction in the denning period increases the potential for bear interactions with other species, including humans, and we highlight possible management and ecological implications of this human-caused perturbation to denning behaviour of wild ursids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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40. Material damping in 6061-T6511 aluminium to assess fatigue damage.

Author

COLAKOGLU, M. and JERINA, K. L.

Subjects
*ALUMINUM, *ENERGY dissipation, *STRENGTH of materials
Abstract

ABSTRACT Studies in fatigue can be summarized into two stages, fatigue crack initiation and crack propagation. Fatigue damage may increase the risk of failure under cyclic load. Energy dissipation, termed damping, occurs in engineering metals and is a function of the cyclic loading history. Damping behaviour of materials has been estimated using many different experimental techniques, and parameters i.e. the loss factor vs. strain amplitude, frequency range, etc. However, micro-structural changes in the form of fatigue damage are also contributors to damping in engineering materials. In order to measure energy dissipation, a damping monitoring method has been used. Under a constant cyclic load up to the point of fatigue crack initiation, the effects of fatigue on damping factor were studied for 6061-T6511 aluminium alloy. In the experiments, the stress levels were below yield point, 50% and 70% of ultimate strength. Experimental results showed that the damping factor changes with the number of fatigue cycles. Percentage increase in damping energy was calculated using experimental data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2003
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43. A novel surfactant assisted transition metal pretreatment of chili post harvest residue for the production of bioethanol

Author

Raveendran, S., Jerina, K., Parameswaran, B., Mathew, A. K., Abraham, A., Gnansounou, E., and Pandey, A.

Subjects
saccharification, ultrasound, food and beverages, chili, pretreatment, complex mixtures, bioethanol
Abstract

Increase in consumption as well as depletion of fossil fuels and environmental concerns about the consequences of burning fossil fuels leads to search for alternative renewable fuels. Lignocellulosic biomasses are plenteous in nature and are rich in celluloses which can be converted to fermentable sugars for the production of bioethanol. Lignocellulosic biomass is composed of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin. Many physio-chemical, structural and compositional factors hinder the enzymatic digestibility of cellulose present in the lignocellulosic biomass. Pretreatment is to be carried out to make cellulose accessible for enzymatic saccharification by the removal of hemicelluloses and lignin. A common pretreatment strategy cannot be used for all feed stock since there is large variation in composition even between samples of same biomass from different sources. Chili post harvest residue is an underexploited lignocellulosic biomass and India has over a surplus availability of 0.5 million tons of this residue. Conversion of this feedstock to ethanol requires pretreatment to make it more accessible for the enzymes used in saccharification. Though several pretreatment regimens have been developed for addressing biomass recalcitrance, only very few seem to be promising as an industrial process. The aim of the study was to develop a novel surfactant- assisted transition metal pretreatment strategy to exploit the surplus available biomass in India- the chili post harvest residue for the production of bioethanol as well as to optimize various process parameters affecting pretreatment and hydrolysis.

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