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8. The use and potential of Q method in environmental planning and management.

Author

Seghezzo, Lucas, Sneegas, Gretchen, Jepson, Wendy, Brannstrom, Christian, Beckner, Sydney, and Lee, Kyungsun

Subjects
ENVIRONMENTAL management, Q technique, STAKEHOLDER analysis, ENVIRONMENTAL protection planning
Abstract

Stakeholder engagement is critical to bridge gaps between academic knowledge production and application for environmental resources. Q Methodology, a qualitative and quantitative protocol, is well suited to address environmental planning and management issues through rigorous analysis of stakeholder perspectives. We review several methodological applications that have been used with or within Q Methodology aiming to improve environmental management, inform decision-making and policy, and build consensus. We review their deployment across six domains: (1) Q-set: discourse identification and concourse creation; (2) P-set: strategies to select participants and promote stakeholder engagement; (3) Q-sorts: interaction with respondents during data production; (4) Comparisons: geographic and temporal comparisons; (5) Graphics: visualization techniques to improve interpretation and dissemination; and (6) Methods: the use of complementary and mixed methods. We discuss their utility for environmental planning and management and provide recommendations for integrating these procedures into future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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11. Engaging with the politics of climate resilience towards clean water and sanitation for all

Author

Grasham, Catherine Fallon, Calow, Roger, Casey, Vincent, Charles, Katrina J., de Wit, Sara, Dyer, Ellen, Fullwood-Thomas, Jess, Hirons, Mark, Hope, Robert, Hoque, Sonia Ferdous, Jepson, Wendy, Korzenevica, Marina, Murphy, Rebecca, Plastow, John, Ross, Ian, Ruiz-Apilánez, Iñigo, Schipper, E. Lisa F., Trevor, Joanne, Walmsley, Nigel, and Zaidi, Hashim

Published
2021
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12. Community-based Participant-observation (CBPO): A Participatory Method for Ethnographic Research.

Author

Roque, Anais, Wutich, Amber, Brewis, Alexandra, Beresford, Melissa, Landes, Laura, Morales-Pate, Olga, Lucero, Ramon, Jepson, Wendy, Tsai, Yushiou, Hanemann, Michael, and Water Equity Consortium, Action for

Subjects
ETHNOLOGY research, COMMUNITY-based participatory research, RESEARCH personnel, RESEARCH methodology, ETHNOLOGY
Abstract

Community-based participant-observation purposefully combines participant-observation and community-based participatory research. While participant-observation is the core method of ethnography and foundational to cultural anthropology, community-based participatory research initially emerged from health and related applied sciences to align researchers' and communities' agendas through focused collaboration. Participant-observation and community-based participatory research have different scholarly origins and norms but are united in centering communities' understandings on their terms. Combining the strengths of both, we provide a step-by-step explanation of community-based participant-observation, with examples from a study of water insecurity in colonias north of the U.S.–Mexico border. Using community-based participant-observation, researchers can facilitate the co-production of knowledge and community benefit by analyzing high-quality data that inform theory building and basic research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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16. Advancing methods for research on household water insecurity: Studying entitlements and capabilities, socio-cultural dynamics, and political processes, institutions and governance

Author

Wutich, Amber, Budds, Jessica, Eichelberger, Laura, Geere, Jo, M. Harris, Leila, A. Horney, Jennifer, Jepson, Wendy, Norman, Emma, O'Reilly, Kathleen, Pearson, Amber L., H. Shah, Sameer, Shinn, Jamie, Simpson, Karen, Staddon, Chad, Stoler, Justin, Teodoro, Manuel P., and L. Young, Sera

Published
2017
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21. MAD water: Integrating modular, adaptive, and decentralized approaches for water security in the climate change era.

Author

Wutich, Amber, Thomson, Patrick, Jepson, Wendy, Stoler, Justin, Cooperman, Alicia D., Doss‐Gollin, James, Jantrania, Anish, Mayer, Alex, Nelson‐Nuñez, Jami, Walker, W. Shane, and Westerhoff, Paul

Subjects
WATER security, CLIMATE change, SUSTAINABLE engineering, DRINKING water, SANITATION, WATER management
Abstract

Centralized water infrastructure has, over the last century, brought safe and reliable drinking water to much of the world. But climate change, combined with aging and underfunded infrastructure, is increasingly testing the limits of—and reversing gains made by—this approach. To address these growing strains and gaps, we must assess and advance alternatives to centralized water provision and sanitation. The water literature is rife with examples of systems that are neither centralized nor networked, yet meet water needs of local communities in important ways, including: informal and hybrid water systems, decentralized water provision, community‐based water management, small drinking water systems, point‐of‐use treatment, small‐scale water vendors, and packaged water. Our work builds on these literatures by proposing a convergence approach that can integrate and explore the benefits and challenges of modular, adaptive, and decentralized ("MAD") water provision and sanitation, often foregrounding important advances in engineering technology. We further provide frameworks to evaluate justice, economic feasibility, governance, human health, and environmental sustainability as key parameters of MAD water system performance. This article is categorized under:Engineering Water > Water, Health, and SanitationHuman Water > Water GovernanceEngineering Water > Sustainable Engineering of Water [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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26. Inequality of household water security follows a Development Kuznets Curve

Author

Mao, Feng, Miller, Joshua D., Young, Sera L., Krause, Stefan, Hannah, David M., Brewis, Alexandra, Trowell, Alex, Pearson, Amber L., Wutich, Amber, Sullivan, Andrea, Rosinger, Asher Y., Hagaman, Ashley, Workman, Cassandra, Staddon, Chad, Tshala-Katumbay, Desire, Krishnakumar, Divya, Adams, Ellis, Sánchez-Rodriguez, Ernesto C., Carrillo, Genny, Asiki, Gershim, Ghattas, Hala, Eini-Zinab, Hassan, Melgar-Quiñonez, Hugo, Ahmed, Farooq, Moran-Martinez, Javier, Maupin, Jonathan, Escobar-Vargas, Jorge, Stoler, Justin, Mathad, Jyoti, Chapman, Kelly, Maes, Kenneth, Samayoa-Figueroa, Luisa, Sheikhi, Mahdieh, Alexander, Mallika, Santoso, Marianne V., Freeman, Matthew C., Boivin, Michael J., Morales, Milton Marin, Balogun, Mobolanle, Ghorbani, Monet, Omidvar, Nasrin, Triviño, Nathaly, Hawley, Nicola, Owuor, Patrick Mbullo, Tutu, Raymond, Schuster, Roseanne C., Rasheed, Sabrina, Collins, Shalean M., Srivastava, Sonali, Cole, Stroma, Jepson, Wendy, Tesfaye, Yihenew, and Jamaluddine, Zeina

Subjects
Multidisciplinary, General Physics and Astronomy, General Chemistry, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Abstract

Water security requires not only sufficient availability of and access to safe and acceptable quality for domestic uses, but also fair distribution within and across populations. However, a key research gap remains in understanding water security inequality and its dynamics, which in turn creates an impediment to tracking progress towards sustainable development. Therefore, we analyse the inequality of water security using data from 7603 households across 28 sites in 22 low- and middle-income countries, measured using the Household Water Insecurity Experiences Scale. Here we show an inverted-U shaped relationship between site water security and inequality of household water security. This Kuznets-like curve suggests a process that as water security grows, the inequality of water security first increases then decreases. This research extends the Kuznets curve applications and introduces the Development Kuznets Curve concept. Its practical implications support building water security and achieving more fair, inclusive, and sustainable development.

Published
2022

29. Water Sharing as Disaster Response: Coping With Water Insecurity After Hurricane MarÍa

Author

Roque, Anaís, Wutich, Amber, Brewis, Alexandra, Beresford, Melissa, Lloréns, Hilda, García-Quijano, Carlos, and Jepson, Wendy

Abstract

In 2017, Hurricane María left more than a third of Puerto Rican households without water services. Cascading failures—including the simultaneous collapse of water, electricity, and transportation sectors—presented serious challenges to the timely restoration of governmental services. In response, families across Puerto Rico adopted self-organized coping strategies to obtain the basic resources they needed, including safe and sufficient water. Drawing on the fast-growing literature on household water sharing, we examine how Puerto Rican families shared water as a response to disaster. Using participant-observation data, interviews, and social network data, we studied water-sharing networks in three municipalities—urban, peri-urban, and rural—in western Puerto Rico in the aftermath of Hurricane María. We found that extensive water sharing (in 85% of households) spontaneously emerged in the wake of disaster, in previously water-secure rural, peri-urban, and urban communities. Households relied primarily on kin and neighbors, and women had more extensive sharing networks than men. Water-sharing arrangements were typically a form of generalized reciprocity, with little expectation of direct payback. We conclude that water-sharing networks are an important—but understudied and underutilized—component of disaster response. Our research indicates that water sharing should be more explicitly planned for and included in disaster preparedness plans. If water sharing is the dominant approach for coping with disaster-induced water insecurity, we argue, it must be at the core of disaster response.

Published
2023
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30. Water insecurity in the Global North: A review of experiences in U.S. colonias communities along the Mexico border

Author

Wutich, Amber, primary, Jepson, Wendy, additional, Velasco, Carmen, additional, Roque, Anais, additional, Gu, Zhining, additional, Hanemann, Michael, additional, Hossain, Mohammed Jobayer, additional, Landes, Laura, additional, Larson, Rhett, additional, Li, Wen Wen, additional, Morales‐Pate, Olga, additional, Patwoary, Nargish, additional, Porter, Sarah, additional, Tsai, Yu‐shiou, additional, Zheng, Madeleine, additional, and Westerhoff, Paul, additional

Published
2022
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31. Household Water Insecurity and Social Vulnerability in the Municipal Context of the Semi-Arid Region of Ceará.

Author

Alves Tomaz, Paula, de Oliveira Santos, Jader, and Jepson, Wendy

Subjects
RESIDENTIAL water consumption, WATER quality, CIVIL rights, WATER security, DATA analysis
Abstract

Household water insecurity refers to difficulties accessing water of sufficient quality and quantity to maintain human well-being. Although this fundamental right is a premise for survival, it is not always guaranteed. This article aims to verify whether there is a correlation between household water insecurity and social vulnerability in the semi-arid region of Ceará. For this purpose, the "Household Water Insecurity Experiences -- HWISE" protocol was applied to households to investigate the various problems related to water and household water supply problems. Statistical exploratory data analysis techniques were used through factor analysis, clusters, and spatial correlation to verify the spatial relationship between water insecurity and social vulnerability. The main results show that although there is a situation of household water insecurity, its connection with social vulnerability is more pronounced in urban areas. In rural areas, where vulnerability is higher, the presence of multiple water supply sources such as cisterns and water tankers conveys a higher sense of water security to the population, both in terms of access and availability of water for household consumption. Based on the achieved results, it is evident that household water insecurity requires the consideration of a wide range of factors, and its assessment cannot be accomplished solely through the use of a synthetic indicator of social vulnerability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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38. The Household Water Insecurity Experiences (HWISE) Scale: comparison scores from 27 sites in 22 countries

Author

Stoler, Justin, primary, Miller, Joshua D., additional, Adams, Ellis A., additional, Ahmed, Farooq, additional, Alexander, Mallika, additional, Asiki, Gershim, additional, Balogun, Mobolanle, additional, Boivin, Michael J., additional, Brewis, Alexandra, additional, Carrillo, Genny, additional, Chapman, Kelly, additional, Cole, Stroma, additional, Collins, Shalean M., additional, Escobar-Vargas, Jorge, additional, Eini-Zinab, Hassan, additional, Freeman, Matthew C., additional, Ghorbani, Monet, additional, Hagaman, Ashley, additional, Hawley, Nicola, additional, Jamaluddine, Zeina, additional, Jepson, Wendy E., additional, Krishnakumar, Divya, additional, Maes, Kenneth, additional, Mathad, Jyoti, additional, Maupin, Jonathan, additional, Owuor, Patrick Mbullo, additional, Morales, Milton Marin, additional, Morán-Martínez, Javier, additional, Omidvar, Nasrin, additional, Pearson, Amber L., additional, Rasheed, Sabrina, additional, Rosinger, Asher Y., additional, Samayoa-Figueroa, Luisa, additional, Sánchez-Rodríguez, Ernesto C., additional, Santoso, Marianne V., additional, Schuster, Roseanne C., additional, Sheikhi, Mahdieh, additional, Srivastava, Sonali, additional, Staddon, Chad, additional, Sullivan, Andrea, additional, Tesfaye, Yihenew, additional, Trowell, Alex, additional, Tshala-Katumbay, Desire, additional, Tutu, Raymond, additional, Workman, Cassandra L., additional, Wutich, Amber, additional, and Young, Sera L., additional

Published
2021
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41. Advancing urban water security: The urbanization of water–society relations and entry–points for political engagement

Author

Empinotti, Vanessa Lucena, primary, Budds, Jessica, additional, Jepson, Wendy, additional, Millington, Nate, additional, Nicolau Ferrara, Luciana, additional, Geere, Jo-Anne, additional, Grandisoli, Edson, additional, Gutierres Arteiro Da Paz, Mariana, additional, Peregrina Puga, Bruno, additional, Macedo Alves, Estela, additional, Cawood, Sally, additional, Jacobi, Pedro Roberto, additional, Uehara Kinjo, Victor, additional, Lampis, Andrea, additional, Moretti, Ricardo, additional, Octavianti, Thanti, additional, Periotto, Natalia, additional, Quinn, Ruth, additional, Quintslr, Suyá, additional, Sulaiman, Samia, additional, Arce Vicente, Paula, additional, and Wahby, Noura, additional

Published
2021
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45. Household water insecurity will complicate the ongoing COVID-19 response: Evidence from 29 sites in 23 low- and middle-income countries

Author

Stoler, Justin, primary, Miller, Joshua D., additional, Brewis, Alexandra, additional, Freeman, Matthew C., additional, Harris, Leila M., additional, Jepson, Wendy, additional, Pearson, Amber L., additional, Rosinger, Asher Y., additional, Shah, Sameer H., additional, Staddon, Chad, additional, Workman, Cassandra, additional, Wutich, Amber, additional, Young, Sera L., additional, Adams, Ellis, additional, Ahmed, Farooq, additional, Alexander, Mallika, additional, Asiki, Gershim, additional, Balogun, Mobolanle, additional, Boivin, Michael J., additional, Carrillo, Genny, additional, Chapman, Kelly, additional, Cole, Stroma, additional, Collins, Shalean M., additional, Eini-Zinab, Hassan, additional, Escobar-Vargas, Jorge, additional, Ghattas, Hala, additional, Ghorbani, Monet, additional, Hagaman, Ashley, additional, Hawley, Nicola, additional, Jamaluddine, Zeina, additional, Krishnakumar, Divya, additional, Maes, Kenneth, additional, Mathad, Jyoti, additional, Maupin, Jonathan, additional, Owuor, Patrick Mbullo, additional, Melgar-Quiñonez, Hugo, additional, Morales, Milton Marin, additional, Moran, Javier, additional, Omidvar, Nasrin, additional, Rasheed, Sabrina, additional, Samayoa-Figueroa, Luisa, additional, Sánchez-Rodriguez, Ernesto C., additional, Santoso, Marianne V., additional, Schuster, Roseanne C., additional, Sheikhi, Mahdieh, additional, Srivastava, Sonali, additional, Sullivan, Andrea, additional, Tesfaye, Yihenew, additional, Triviño, Nathaly, additional, Trowell, Alex, additional, Tshala-Katumbay, Desire, additional, and Tutu, Raymond, additional

Published
2021
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49. Private agricultural colonization on a Brazilian frontier, 1970-1980

Author

Jepson, Wendy

Subjects
Geography, History
Abstract

To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhg.2004.12.019 Byline: Wendy Jepson Abstract: Private colonization is the use of companies and cooperatives to survey, demarcate and occupy land, build infrastructure, open roads, plan urban areas, and provide health services and education. Although state-directed colonization projects are strongly implicated in recent environmental and social changes in the Brazilian Amazon, areas settled by private colonization were larger than state-led settlement. The paper considers this poorly examined aspect of the region's recent settlement history by focusing upon a colonization cooperative and private company that settled smallholders from southern Brazil to eastern Mato Grosso State between 1970 and 1980. The analysis emphasizes how private colonization cooperatives successfully secured land title, setting the stage for subsequent commercial agricultural development. This study rejects prevailing interpretations of private colonization as a tool of authoritarian government in Brazil. Rather, private colonization secured land tenure and organized an economically viable production system in a frontier environment of unpredictable state bureaucracies, high transaction costs, risk, and precarious markets. Author Affiliation: Department of Geography, Texas A&M University, 803B Eller O&M Building, 3147 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-3147, USA

Published
2006

50. Exposing the myths of household water insecurity in the global north: A critical review

Author

Meehan, Katie, primary, Jepson, Wendy, additional, Harris, Leila M., additional, Wutich, Amber, additional, Beresford, Melissa, additional, Fencl, Amanda, additional, London, Jonathan, additional, Pierce, Gregory, additional, Radonic, Lucero, additional, Wells, Christian, additional, Wilson, Nicole J., additional, Adams, Ellis Adjei, additional, Arsenault, Rachel, additional, Brewis, Alexandra, additional, Harrington, Victoria, additional, Lambrinidou, Yanna, additional, McGregor, Deborah, additional, Patrick, Robert, additional, Pauli, Benjamin, additional, Pearson, Amber L., additional, Shah, Sameer, additional, Splichalova, Dacotah, additional, Workman, Cassandra, additional, and Young, Sera, additional

Published
2020
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