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1. The Design and Integrated Performance of SPT-3G

Author

Sobrin, JA, Anderson, AJ, Bender, AN, Benson, BA, Dutcher, D, Foster, A, Goeckner-Wald, N, Montgomery, J, Nadolski, A, Rahlin, A, Ade, PAR, Ahmed, Z, Anderes, E, Archipley, M, Austermann, JE, Avva, JS, Aylor, K, Balkenhol, L, Barry, PS, Thakur, R Basu, Benabed, K, Bianchini, F, Bleem, LE, Bouchet, FR, Bryant, L, Byrum, K, Carlstrom, JE, Carter, FW, Cecil, TW, Chang, CL, Chaubal, P, Chen, G, Cho, H-M, Chou, T-L, Cliche, J-F, Crawford, TM, Cukierman, A, Daley, C, de Haan, T, Denison, EV, Dibert, K, Ding, J, Dobbs, MA, Everett, W, Feng, C, Ferguson, KR, Fu, J, Galli, S, Gambrel, AE, Gardner, RW, Gualtieri, R, Guns, S, Gupta, N, Guyser, R, Halverson, NW, Harke-Hosemann, AH, Harrington, NL, Henning, JW, Hilton, GC, Hivon, E, Holder, GP, Holzapfel, WL, Hood, JC, Howe, D, Huang, N, Irwin, KD, Jeong, OB, Jonas, M, Jones, A, Khaire, TS, Knox, L, Kofman, AM, Korman, M, Kubik, DL, Kuhlmann, S, Kuo, C-L, Lee, AT, Leitch, EM, Lowitz, AE, Lu, C, Meyer, SS, Michalik, D, Millea, M, Natoli, T, Nguyen, H, Noble, GI, Novosad, V, Omori, Y, Padin, S, Pan, Z, Paschos, P, Pearson, J, Posada, CM, Prabhu, K, Quan, W, Reichardt, CL, Riebel, D, Riedel, B, Rouble, M, and Ruhl, JE

Subjects
Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences
Abstract

SPT-3G is the third survey receiver operating on the South Pole Telescope dedicated to high-resolution observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). Sensitive measurements of the temperature and polarization anisotropies of the CMB provide a powerful data set for constraining cosmology. Additionally, CMB surveys with arcminute-scale resolution are capable of detecting galaxy clusters, millimeter-wave bright galaxies, and a variety of transient phenomena. The SPT-3G instrument provides a significant improvement in mapping speed over its predecessors, SPT-SZ and SPTpol. The broadband optics design of the instrument achieves a 430 mm diameter image plane across observing bands of 95, 150, and 220 GHz, with 1.2′ FWHM beam response at 150 GHz. In the receiver, this image plane is populated with 2690 dual-polarization, trichroic pixels ( 1/416,000 detectors) read out using a 68× digital frequency-domain multiplexing readout system. In 2018, SPT-3G began a multiyear survey of 1500 deg2 of the southern sky. We summarize the unique optical, cryogenic, detector, and readout technologies employed in SPT-3G, and we report on the integrated performance of the instrument.

Published
2022

2. Constraints on ΛCDM extensions from the SPT-3G 2018 EE and TE power spectra

Author

Balkenhol, L, Dutcher, D, Ade, PAR, Ahmed, Z, Anderes, E, Anderson, AJ, Archipley, M, Avva, JS, Aylor, K, Barry, PS, Thakur, R Basu, Benabed, K, Bender, AN, Benson, BA, Bianchini, F, Bleem, LE, Bouchet, FR, Bryant, L, Byrum, K, Carlstrom, JE, Carter, FW, Cecil, TW, Chang, CL, Chaubal, P, Chen, G, Cho, H-M, Chou, T-L, Cliche, J-F, Crawford, TM, Cukierman, A, Daley, C, de Haan, T, Denison, EV, Dibert, K, Ding, J, Dobbs, MA, Everett, W, Feng, C, Ferguson, KR, Foster, A, Fu, J, Galli, S, Gambrel, AE, Gardner, RW, Goeckner-Wald, N, Gualtieri, R, Guns, S, Gupta, N, Guyser, R, Halverson, NW, Harke-Hosemann, AH, Harrington, NL, Henning, JW, Hilton, GC, Hivon, E, Holder, GP, Holzapfel, WL, Hood, JC, Howe, D, Huang, N, Irwin, KD, Jeong, OB, Jonas, M, Jones, A, Khaire, TS, Knox, L, Kofman, AM, Korman, M, Kubik, DL, Kuhlmann, S, Kuo, C-L, Lee, AT, Leitch, EM, Lowitz, AE, Lu, C, Meyer, SS, Michalik, D, Millea, M, Montgomery, J, Nadolski, A, Natoli, T, Nguyen, H, Noble, GI, Novosad, V, Omori, Y, Padin, S, Pan, Z, Paschos, P, Pearson, J, Posada, CM, Prabhu, K, Quan, W, Rahlin, A, Reichardt, CL, Riebel, D, Riedel, B, Rouble, M, Ruhl, JE, Sayre, JT, and Schiappucci, E

Subjects
Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences
Abstract

We present constraints on extensions to the ΛCDM cosmological model from measurements of the E-mode polarization autopower spectrum and the temperature-E-mode cross-power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) made using 2018 SPT-3G data. The extensions considered vary the primordial helium abundance, the effective number of relativistic degrees of freedom, the sum of neutrino masses, the relativistic energy density and mass of a sterile neutrino, and the mean spatial curvature. We do not find clear evidence for any of these extensions, from either the SPT-3G 2018 dataset alone or in combination with baryon acoustic oscillation and Planck data. None of these model extensions significantly relax the tension between Hubble-constant, H0, constraints from the CMB and from distance-ladder measurements using Cepheids and supernovae. The addition of the SPT-3G 2018 data to Planck reduces the square-root of the determinants of the parameter covariance matrices by factors of 1.3-2.0 across these models, signaling a substantial reduction in the allowed parameter volume. We also explore CMB-based constraints on H0 from combined SPT, Planck, and ACT DR4 datasets. While individual experiments see some indications of different H0 values between the TT, TE, and EE spectra, the combined H0 constraints are consistent between the three spectra. For the full combined datasets, we report H0=67.49±0.53 km s-1 Mpc-1, which is the tightest constraint on H0 from CMB power spectra to date and in 4.1σ tension with the most precise distance-ladder-based measurement of H0. The SPT-3G survey is planned to continue through at least 2023, with existing maps of combined 2019 and 2020 data already having ∼3.5×lower noise than the maps used in this analysis.

Published
2021

3. Performance and characterization of the SPT-3G digital frequency-domain multiplexed readout system using an improved noise and crosstalk model

Author

Montgomery, J, Ade, PAR, Ahmed, Z, Anderes, E, Anderson, AJ, Archipley, MA, Avva, JS, Aylor, K, Balkenhol, L, Barry, PS, Thakur, RB, Benabed, K, Bender, AN, Benson, BA, Bianchini, F, Bleem, LE, Bouchet, FR, Bryant, L, Byrum, K, Carlstrom, JE, Carter, FW, Cecil, TW, Chang, CL, Chaubal, P, Chen, G, Cho, H-M, Chou, T-L, Cliche, J-F, Crawford, TM, Cukierman, AJ, Daley, CM, de Haan, T, Denison, E, Dibert, K, Ding, J, Dobbs, MA, Dutcher, D, Elleflot, T, Everett, WB, Feng, C, Ferguson, KR, Foster, A, Fu, J, Galli, S, Gambrel, AE, Gardner, RW, Goeckner-Wald, N, Groh, JC, Gualtieri, R, Guns, ST, Gupta, N, Guyser, RJ, Halverson, NW, Harke-Hosemann, AH, Harrington, NL, Henning, JW, Hilton, GC, Hivon, EF, Holzapfel, WL, Hood, JC, Howe, D, Huang, N, Irwin, KD, Jeong, OB, Jonas, M, Jones, A, Khaire, TS, Knox, L, Kofman, AM, Korman, M, Kubik, DL, Kuhlmann, SE, Kuo, C-L, Lee, AT, Leitch, EM, Lowitz, AE, Lu, C, Meyer, SS, Michalik, D, Millea, M, Nadolski, A, Natoli, TJ, Nguyen, H, Noble, G, Novosad, V, Omori, Y, Padin, S, Pan, Z, Paschos, P, Pearson, JE, Posada, CM, Prabhu, K, Quan, W, Rahlin, AS, Reichardt, CL, Riebel, D, Riedel, B, Rouble, M, Ruhl, JE, Sayre, JT, Schiappucci, E, Shirokoff, E, Smecher, GM, Sobrin, JA, Stark, AA, Stephen, J, Story, KT, Suzuki, A, Thompson, KL, Thorne, B, Tucker, CE, Umilta, C, Vale, LR, Vanderlinde, K, Vieira, JD, Wang, G, Whitehorn, N, Wu, WLK, Yefremenko, VG, Yoon, KW, Young, MR, Montgomery, J, Ade, PAR, Ahmed, Z, Anderes, E, Anderson, AJ, Archipley, MA, Avva, JS, Aylor, K, Balkenhol, L, Barry, PS, Thakur, RB, Benabed, K, Bender, AN, Benson, BA, Bianchini, F, Bleem, LE, Bouchet, FR, Bryant, L, Byrum, K, Carlstrom, JE, Carter, FW, Cecil, TW, Chang, CL, Chaubal, P, Chen, G, Cho, H-M, Chou, T-L, Cliche, J-F, Crawford, TM, Cukierman, AJ, Daley, CM, de Haan, T, Denison, E, Dibert, K, Ding, J, Dobbs, MA, Dutcher, D, Elleflot, T, Everett, WB, Feng, C, Ferguson, KR, Foster, A, Fu, J, Galli, S, Gambrel, AE, Gardner, RW, Goeckner-Wald, N, Groh, JC, Gualtieri, R, Guns, ST, Gupta, N, Guyser, RJ, Halverson, NW, Harke-Hosemann, AH, Harrington, NL, Henning, JW, Hilton, GC, Hivon, EF, Holzapfel, WL, Hood, JC, Howe, D, Huang, N, Irwin, KD, Jeong, OB, Jonas, M, Jones, A, Khaire, TS, Knox, L, Kofman, AM, Korman, M, Kubik, DL, Kuhlmann, SE, Kuo, C-L, Lee, AT, Leitch, EM, Lowitz, AE, Lu, C, Meyer, SS, Michalik, D, Millea, M, Nadolski, A, Natoli, TJ, Nguyen, H, Noble, G, Novosad, V, Omori, Y, Padin, S, Pan, Z, Paschos, P, Pearson, JE, Posada, CM, Prabhu, K, Quan, W, Rahlin, AS, Reichardt, CL, Riebel, D, Riedel, B, Rouble, M, Ruhl, JE, Sayre, JT, Schiappucci, E, Shirokoff, E, Smecher, GM, Sobrin, JA, Stark, AA, Stephen, J, Story, KT, Suzuki, A, Thompson, KL, Thorne, B, Tucker, CE, Umilta, C, Vale, LR, Vanderlinde, K, Vieira, JD, Wang, G, Whitehorn, N, Wu, WLK, Yefremenko, VG, Yoon, KW, and Young, MR

Abstract

The third-generation South Pole Telescope camera (SPT-3G) improves upon its predecessor (SPTpol) by an order of magnitude increase in detectors on the focal plane. The technology used to read out and control these detectors, digital frequency-domain multiplexing (DfMUX), is conceptually the same as used for SPTpol, but extended to accommodate more detectors. A nearly 5× expansion in the readout operating bandwidth has enabled the use of this large focal plane, and SPT-3G performance meets the forecasting targets relevant to its science objectives. However, the electrical dynamics of the higher-bandwidth readout differ from predictions based on models of the SPTpol system due to the higher frequencies used and parasitic impedances associated with new cryogenic electronic architecture. To address this, we present an updated derivation for electrical crosstalk in higher-bandwidth DfMUX systems and identify two previously uncharacterized contributions to readout noise, which become dominant at high bias frequency. The updated crosstalk and noise models successfully describe the measured crosstalk and readout noise performance of SPT-3G. These results also suggest specific changes to warm electronics component values, wire-harness properties, and SQUID parameters, to improve the readout system for future experiments using DfMUX, such as the LiteBIRD space telescope.

Published
2022

4. Measurements of the E-mode polarization and temperature-E-mode correlation of the CMB from SPT-3G 2018 data

Author

Dutcher, D, Balkenhol, L, Ade, PAR, Ahmed, Z, Anderes, E, Anderson, AJ, Archipley, M, Avva, JS, Aylor, K, Barry, PS, Thakur, RB, Benabed, K, Bender, AN, Benson, BA, Bianchini, F, Bleem, LE, Bouchet, FR, Bryant, L, Byrum, K, Carlstrom, JE, Carter, FW, Cecil, TW, Chang, CL, Chaubal, P, Chen, G, Cho, H-M, Chou, T-L, Cliche, J-F, Crawford, TM, Cukierman, A, Daley, C, de Haan, T, Denison, E, Dibert, K, Ding, J, Dobbs, MA, Everett, W, Feng, C, Ferguson, KR, Foster, A, Fu, J, Galli, S, Gambrel, AE, Gardner, RW, Goeckner-Wald, N, Gualtieri, R, Guns, S, Gupta, N, Guyser, R, Halverson, NW, Harke-Hosemann, AH, Harrington, NL, Henning, JW, Hilton, GC, Hivon, E, Holder, GP, Holzapfel, WL, Hood, JC, Howe, D, Huang, N, Irwin, KD, Jeong, OB, Jonas, M, Jones, A, Khaire, TS, Knox, L, Kofman, AM, Korman, M, Kubik, DL, Kuhlmann, S, Kuo, C-L, Lee, AT, Leitch, EM, Lowitz, AE, Lu, C, Meyer, SS, Michalik, D, Millea, M, Montgomery, J, Nadolski, A, Natoli, T, Nguyen, H, Noble, G, Novosad, V, Omori, Y, Padin, S, Pan, Z, Paschos, P, Pearson, J, Posada, CM, Prabhu, K, Quan, W, Raghunathan, S, Rahlin, A, Reichardt, CL, Riebel, D, Riedel, B, Rouble, M, Ruhl, JE, Sayre, JT, Schiappucci, E, Shirokoff, E, Smecher, G, Sobrin, JA, Stark, AA, Stephen, J, Story, KT, Suzuki, A, Thompson, KL, Thorne, B, Tucker, C, Umilta, C, Vale, LR, Vanderlinde, K, Vieira, JD, Wang, G, Whitehorn, N, Wu, WLK, Yefremenko, V, Yoon, KW, Young, MR, Dutcher, D, Balkenhol, L, Ade, PAR, Ahmed, Z, Anderes, E, Anderson, AJ, Archipley, M, Avva, JS, Aylor, K, Barry, PS, Thakur, RB, Benabed, K, Bender, AN, Benson, BA, Bianchini, F, Bleem, LE, Bouchet, FR, Bryant, L, Byrum, K, Carlstrom, JE, Carter, FW, Cecil, TW, Chang, CL, Chaubal, P, Chen, G, Cho, H-M, Chou, T-L, Cliche, J-F, Crawford, TM, Cukierman, A, Daley, C, de Haan, T, Denison, E, Dibert, K, Ding, J, Dobbs, MA, Everett, W, Feng, C, Ferguson, KR, Foster, A, Fu, J, Galli, S, Gambrel, AE, Gardner, RW, Goeckner-Wald, N, Gualtieri, R, Guns, S, Gupta, N, Guyser, R, Halverson, NW, Harke-Hosemann, AH, Harrington, NL, Henning, JW, Hilton, GC, Hivon, E, Holder, GP, Holzapfel, WL, Hood, JC, Howe, D, Huang, N, Irwin, KD, Jeong, OB, Jonas, M, Jones, A, Khaire, TS, Knox, L, Kofman, AM, Korman, M, Kubik, DL, Kuhlmann, S, Kuo, C-L, Lee, AT, Leitch, EM, Lowitz, AE, Lu, C, Meyer, SS, Michalik, D, Millea, M, Montgomery, J, Nadolski, A, Natoli, T, Nguyen, H, Noble, G, Novosad, V, Omori, Y, Padin, S, Pan, Z, Paschos, P, Pearson, J, Posada, CM, Prabhu, K, Quan, W, Raghunathan, S, Rahlin, A, Reichardt, CL, Riebel, D, Riedel, B, Rouble, M, Ruhl, JE, Sayre, JT, Schiappucci, E, Shirokoff, E, Smecher, G, Sobrin, JA, Stark, AA, Stephen, J, Story, KT, Suzuki, A, Thompson, KL, Thorne, B, Tucker, C, Umilta, C, Vale, LR, Vanderlinde, K, Vieira, JD, Wang, G, Whitehorn, N, Wu, WLK, Yefremenko, V, Yoon, KW, and Young, MR

Published
2021

5. Constraints on Lambda CDM extensions from the SPT-3G 2018 EE and TE power spectra

Author

Balkenhol, L, Dutcher, D, Ade, PAR, Ahmed, Z, Anderes, E, Anderson, AJ, Archipley, M, Avva, JS, Aylor, K, Barry, PS, Thakur, RB, Benabed, K, Bender, AN, Benson, BA, Bianchini, F, Bleem, LE, Bouchet, FR, Bryant, L, Byrum, K, Carlstrom, JE, Carter, FW, Cecil, TW, Chang, CL, Chaubal, P, Chen, G, Cho, H-M, Chou, T-L, Cliche, J-F, Crawford, TM, Cukierman, A, Daley, C, de Haan, T, Denison, E, Dibert, K, Ding, J, Dobbs, MA, Everett, W, Feng, C, Ferguson, KR, Foster, A, Fu, J, Galli, S, Gambrel, AE, Gardner, RW, Goeckner-Wald, N, Gualtieri, R, Guns, S, Gupta, N, Guyser, R, Halverson, NW, Harke-Hosemann, AH, Harrington, NL, Henning, JW, Hilton, GC, Hivon, E, Holder, GP, Holzapfel, WL, Hood, JC, Howe, D, Huang, N, Irwin, KD, Jeong, OB, Jonas, M, Jones, A, Khaire, TS, Knox, L, Kofman, AM, Korman, M, Kubik, DL, Kuhlmann, S, Kuo, C-L, Lee, AT, Leitch, EM, Lowitz, AE, Lu, C, Meyer, SS, Michalik, D, Millea, M, Montgomery, J, Nadolski, A, Natoli, T, Nguyen, H, Noble, G, Novosad, V, Omori, Y, Padin, S, Pan, Z, Paschos, P, Pearson, J, Posada, CM, Prabhu, K, Quan, W, Rahlin, A, Reichardt, CL, Riebel, D, Riedel, B, Rouble, M, Ruhl, JE, Sayre, JT, Schiappucci, E, Shirokoff, E, Smecher, G, Sobrin, JA, Stark, AA, Stephen, J, Story, KT, Suzuki, A, Thompson, KL, Thorne, B, Tucker, C, Umilta, C, Vale, LR, Vanderlinde, K, Vieira, JD, Wang, G, Whitehorn, N, Wu, WLK, Yefremenko, V, Yoon, KW, Young, MR, Balkenhol, L, Dutcher, D, Ade, PAR, Ahmed, Z, Anderes, E, Anderson, AJ, Archipley, M, Avva, JS, Aylor, K, Barry, PS, Thakur, RB, Benabed, K, Bender, AN, Benson, BA, Bianchini, F, Bleem, LE, Bouchet, FR, Bryant, L, Byrum, K, Carlstrom, JE, Carter, FW, Cecil, TW, Chang, CL, Chaubal, P, Chen, G, Cho, H-M, Chou, T-L, Cliche, J-F, Crawford, TM, Cukierman, A, Daley, C, de Haan, T, Denison, E, Dibert, K, Ding, J, Dobbs, MA, Everett, W, Feng, C, Ferguson, KR, Foster, A, Fu, J, Galli, S, Gambrel, AE, Gardner, RW, Goeckner-Wald, N, Gualtieri, R, Guns, S, Gupta, N, Guyser, R, Halverson, NW, Harke-Hosemann, AH, Harrington, NL, Henning, JW, Hilton, GC, Hivon, E, Holder, GP, Holzapfel, WL, Hood, JC, Howe, D, Huang, N, Irwin, KD, Jeong, OB, Jonas, M, Jones, A, Khaire, TS, Knox, L, Kofman, AM, Korman, M, Kubik, DL, Kuhlmann, S, Kuo, C-L, Lee, AT, Leitch, EM, Lowitz, AE, Lu, C, Meyer, SS, Michalik, D, Millea, M, Montgomery, J, Nadolski, A, Natoli, T, Nguyen, H, Noble, G, Novosad, V, Omori, Y, Padin, S, Pan, Z, Paschos, P, Pearson, J, Posada, CM, Prabhu, K, Quan, W, Rahlin, A, Reichardt, CL, Riebel, D, Riedel, B, Rouble, M, Ruhl, JE, Sayre, JT, Schiappucci, E, Shirokoff, E, Smecher, G, Sobrin, JA, Stark, AA, Stephen, J, Story, KT, Suzuki, A, Thompson, KL, Thorne, B, Tucker, C, Umilta, C, Vale, LR, Vanderlinde, K, Vieira, JD, Wang, G, Whitehorn, N, Wu, WLK, Yefremenko, V, Yoon, KW, and Young, MR

Published
2021

6. Detection of Galactic and Extragalactic Millimeter-wavelength Transient Sources with SPT-3G

Author

Guns, S, Foster, A, Daley, C, Rahlin, A, Whitehorn, N, Ade, PAR, Ahmed, Z, Anderes, E, Anderson, AJ, Archipley, M, Avva, JS, Aylor, K, Balkenhol, L, Barry, PS, Basu Thakur, R, Benabed, K, Bender, AN, Benson, BA, Bianchini, F, Bleem, LE, Bouchet, FR, Bryant, L, Byrum, K, Carlstrom, JE, Carter, FW, Cecil, TW, Chang, CL, Chaubal, P, Chen, G, Cho, H-M, Chou, T-L, Cliche, J-F, Crawford, TM, Cukierman, A, de Haan, T, Denison, EV, Dibert, K, Ding, J, Dobbs, MA, Dutcher, D, Everett, W, Feng, C, Ferguson, KR, Fu, J, Galli, S, Gambrel, AE, Gardner, RW, Goeckner-Wald, N, Gualtieri, R, Gupta, N, Guyser, R, Halverson, NW, Harke-Hosemann, AH, Harrington, NL, Henning, JW, Hilton, GC, Hivon, E, Holder, GP, Holzapfel, WL, Hood, JC, Howe, D, Huang, N, Irwin, KD, Jeong, OB, Jonas, M, Jones, A, Khaire, TS, Knox, L, Kofman, AM, Korman, M, Kubik, DL, Kuhlmann, S, Kuo, C-L, Lee, AT, Leitch, EM, Lowitz, AE, Lu, C, Marrone, DP, Meyer, SS, Michalik, D, Millea, M, Montgomery, J, Nadolski, A, Natoli, T, Nguyen, H, Noble, GI, Novosad, V, Omori, Y, Padin, S, Pan, Z, Paschos, P, Pearson, J, Phadke, KA, Posada, CM, Prabhu, K, Quan, W, Reichardt, CL, Riebel, D, Riedel, B, Rouble, M, Ruhl, JE, Sayre, JT, Schiappucci, E, Shirokoff, E, Smecher, G, Sobrin, JA, Stark, AA, Stephen, J, Story, KT, Suzuki, A, Thompson, KL, Thorne, B, Tucker, C, Umilta, C, Vale, LR, Vieira, JD, Wang, G, Wu, WLK, Yefremenko, V, Yoon, KW, Young, MR, Zhang, L, Guns, S, Foster, A, Daley, C, Rahlin, A, Whitehorn, N, Ade, PAR, Ahmed, Z, Anderes, E, Anderson, AJ, Archipley, M, Avva, JS, Aylor, K, Balkenhol, L, Barry, PS, Basu Thakur, R, Benabed, K, Bender, AN, Benson, BA, Bianchini, F, Bleem, LE, Bouchet, FR, Bryant, L, Byrum, K, Carlstrom, JE, Carter, FW, Cecil, TW, Chang, CL, Chaubal, P, Chen, G, Cho, H-M, Chou, T-L, Cliche, J-F, Crawford, TM, Cukierman, A, de Haan, T, Denison, EV, Dibert, K, Ding, J, Dobbs, MA, Dutcher, D, Everett, W, Feng, C, Ferguson, KR, Fu, J, Galli, S, Gambrel, AE, Gardner, RW, Goeckner-Wald, N, Gualtieri, R, Gupta, N, Guyser, R, Halverson, NW, Harke-Hosemann, AH, Harrington, NL, Henning, JW, Hilton, GC, Hivon, E, Holder, GP, Holzapfel, WL, Hood, JC, Howe, D, Huang, N, Irwin, KD, Jeong, OB, Jonas, M, Jones, A, Khaire, TS, Knox, L, Kofman, AM, Korman, M, Kubik, DL, Kuhlmann, S, Kuo, C-L, Lee, AT, Leitch, EM, Lowitz, AE, Lu, C, Marrone, DP, Meyer, SS, Michalik, D, Millea, M, Montgomery, J, Nadolski, A, Natoli, T, Nguyen, H, Noble, GI, Novosad, V, Omori, Y, Padin, S, Pan, Z, Paschos, P, Pearson, J, Phadke, KA, Posada, CM, Prabhu, K, Quan, W, Reichardt, CL, Riebel, D, Riedel, B, Rouble, M, Ruhl, JE, Sayre, JT, Schiappucci, E, Shirokoff, E, Smecher, G, Sobrin, JA, Stark, AA, Stephen, J, Story, KT, Suzuki, A, Thompson, KL, Thorne, B, Tucker, C, Umilta, C, Vale, LR, Vieira, JD, Wang, G, Wu, WLK, Yefremenko, V, Yoon, KW, Young, MR, and Zhang, L

Abstract

High angular resolution cosmic microwave background experiments provide a unique opportunity to conduct a survey of time-variable sources at millimeter wavelengths, a population that has primarily been understood through follow-up measurements of detections in other bands. Here we report the first results of an astronomical transient survey with the South Pole Telescope (SPT) using the SPT-3G camera to observe 1500 deg2 of the southern sky. The observations took place from 2020 March to November in three bands centered at 95, 150, and 220 GHz. This survey yielded the detection of 15 transient events from sources not previously detected by the SPT. The majority are associated with variable stars of different types, expanding the number of such detected flares by more than a factor of two. The stellar flares are unpolarized and bright, in some cases exceeding 1 Jy, and have durations from a few minutes to several hours. Another population of detected events last for 2–3 weeks and appear to be extragalactic in origin. Though data availability at other wavelengths is limited, we find evidence for concurrent optical activity for two of the stellar flares. Future data from SPT-3G and forthcoming instruments will provide real-time detection of millimeter-wave transients on timescales of minutes to months.

Published
2021

7. Year two instrument status of the SPT-3G cosmic microwave background receiver

Author

Zmuidzinas, J, Gao, JR, Bender, AN, Ade, PAR, Ahmed, Z, Anderson, AJ, Avva, JS, Aylor, K, Barry, PS, Thakur, RB, Benson, BA, Bleem, LS, Bocquet, S, Byrum, K, Carlstrom, JE, Carter, FW, Cecil, TW, Chang, CL, Cho, H-M, Cliche, JF, Crawford, TM, Cukierman, A, de Haan, T, Denison, EV, Ding, J, Dobbs, MA, Dodelson, S, Dutcher, D, Everett, W, Foster, A, Gallicchio, J, Gilbert, A, Groh, JC, Guns, ST, Halverson, NW, Harke-Hosemann, AH, Harrington, NL, Henning, JW, Hilton, GC, Holder, GP, Holzapfel, WL, Huang, N, Irwin, KD, Jeong, OB, Jonas, M, Jones, A, Khaire, TS, Knox, L, Kofman, AM, Korman, M, Kubik, DL, Kuhlmann, S, Kuo, C-L, Lee, AT, Leitch, EM, Lowitz, AE, Meyer, SS, Michalik, D, Montgomery, J, Nadolski, A, Natoli, T, Nguyen, H, Noble, GI, Novosad, V, Padin, S, Pan, Z, Pearson, J, Posada, CM, Quan, W, Raghunathan, S, Rahlin, A, Reichardt, CL, Ruhl, JE, Sayre, JT, Shirokoff, E, Smecher, G, Sobrin, JA, Stark, AA, Story, KT, Suzuki, A, Thompson, KL, Tucker, C, Vale, LR, Vanderlinde, K, Vieira, JD, Wang, G, Whitehorn, N, Wu, WLK, Yefremenko, V, Yoon, KW, Young, MR, Zmuidzinas, J, Gao, JR, Bender, AN, Ade, PAR, Ahmed, Z, Anderson, AJ, Avva, JS, Aylor, K, Barry, PS, Thakur, RB, Benson, BA, Bleem, LS, Bocquet, S, Byrum, K, Carlstrom, JE, Carter, FW, Cecil, TW, Chang, CL, Cho, H-M, Cliche, JF, Crawford, TM, Cukierman, A, de Haan, T, Denison, EV, Ding, J, Dobbs, MA, Dodelson, S, Dutcher, D, Everett, W, Foster, A, Gallicchio, J, Gilbert, A, Groh, JC, Guns, ST, Halverson, NW, Harke-Hosemann, AH, Harrington, NL, Henning, JW, Hilton, GC, Holder, GP, Holzapfel, WL, Huang, N, Irwin, KD, Jeong, OB, Jonas, M, Jones, A, Khaire, TS, Knox, L, Kofman, AM, Korman, M, Kubik, DL, Kuhlmann, S, Kuo, C-L, Lee, AT, Leitch, EM, Lowitz, AE, Meyer, SS, Michalik, D, Montgomery, J, Nadolski, A, Natoli, T, Nguyen, H, Noble, GI, Novosad, V, Padin, S, Pan, Z, Pearson, J, Posada, CM, Quan, W, Raghunathan, S, Rahlin, A, Reichardt, CL, Ruhl, JE, Sayre, JT, Shirokoff, E, Smecher, G, Sobrin, JA, Stark, AA, Story, KT, Suzuki, A, Thompson, KL, Tucker, C, Vale, LR, Vanderlinde, K, Vieira, JD, Wang, G, Whitehorn, N, Wu, WLK, Yefremenko, V, Yoon, KW, and Young, MR

Published
2018

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