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6. Kinetic study on carbothermic reduction of MnO 2 with graphite.

Author

Kim, D.-Y., Jeong, I.-H., and Jung, S.-M.

Subjects
*MANGANESE oxides, *GRAPHITE, *CHEMICAL reduction kinetics, *COAL gasification, *TEMPERATURE effect, *CARBIDES
Abstract

The carbothermic reduction of MnO2with graphite has been investigated for the reduction mechanism in the temperature range of 1000–1300°C. Although several researchers studied the reduction step from MnO2to MnO, it was attempted to employ thein situtesting of reduction behaviour with the analysis of product gas composition simultaneously from the different points of view. The overall reduction rate increased with temperature, which was controlled by the carbon gasification. It is because the reduction rate of MnO2to MnO was much faster than the carbon gasification at the experimental temperatures. This was confirmed by the generation of negligible amount of CO compared with CO2in the analysis of product gases. Furthermore, the results could explain the difficult formation of manganese carbide from MnO2in contrast with the carbide formation from pure MnO. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2016
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27. Kinetic study on carbothermic reduction of MnO2with graphite

Author

Kim, D.-Y., Jeong, I.-H., and Jung, S.-M.

Abstract

The carbothermic reduction of MnO2with graphite has been investigated for the reduction mechanism in the temperature range of 1000–1300°C. Although several researchers studied the reduction step from MnO2to MnO, it was attempted to employ the in situtesting of reduction behaviour with the analysis of product gas composition simultaneously from the different points of view. The overall reduction rate increased with temperature, which was controlled by the carbon gasification. It is because the reduction rate of MnO2to MnO was much faster than the carbon gasification at the experimental temperatures. This was confirmed by the generation of negligible amount of CO compared with CO2in the analysis of product gases. Furthermore, the results could explain the difficult formation of manganese carbide from MnO2in contrast with the carbide formation from pure MnO.

Published
2016
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35. Outcomes after Combined Laparoscopic Gastrectomy and Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Gastric Cancer Patients.

Author

Jeong, I. H., Choi, S. U., Lee, S. R., Kim, J. H., Park, J. M., Jin, S. H., Choi, E. K., Cho, Y. K., and Han, S. U.

Subjects
*LAPAROSCOPIC surgery, *GASTRECTOMY, *STOMACH cancer, *STOMACH surgery, *CHOLECYSTECTOMY, *GALLBLADDER surgery
Abstract

Background/Aims: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of performing laparoscopic cholecystectomy on patients undergoing laparoscopic-assisted gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Methods: This single center study involved a retrospective review of a database of 400 patients who underwent consecutive laparoscopic-assisted gastrectomy for early gastric cancer from June 2003 to July 2007. Outcomes in 26 patients who underwent both laparoscopic-assisted gastrectomy and laparoscopic cholecystectomy were compared with outcomes from 364 patients who underwent laparoscopic-assisted gastrectomy without laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Results: There were no postoperative 30-day mortalities in the combined cholecystectomy group. The mean surgery duration, time to first flatus and postoperative hospital stay for the laparoscopic gastric resection without combined operation were 181.7 min, 2.7 days and 9.7 days, respectively, and 196.7 min, 2.6 days and 8.8 days, respectively, for the combined cholecystectomy group. None of the postoperative complications was related to combined cholecystectomy. Conclusion: Performing a combined cholecystectomy prolonged the mean surgery duration by approximately 15 min, but had no effect on surgical outcomes. It appears that performing a cholecystectomy at the same time as laparoscopic gastric resection is safe and feasible in patients with both early gastric cancer and gallbladder disease. Copyright © 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009
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