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By performing a series of thermodynamic measurements in an applied magnetic field $H_{\textrm{ext}}$, we investigated the effects of Eu substitution on the Pr sites in filled skutterudite compound Pr$_{1-x}$Eu$_x$Pt$_4$Ge$_{12}$ ($ 0 \leq x \leq 1$). A heat capacity Schottky anomaly is present over the whole doping range. For the samples with $x > 0.5$, these Schottky anomaly peaks shift to lower temperature with increasing $H_{\textrm{ext}}$. We argue that this behavior reflects the antiferromagnetic (AFM) ordering of the Eu moments, as the AFM transition is suppressed by $H_{\textrm{ext}}$. The Schottky peaks in the samples with $x \leq 0.5$ shift to higher temperatures with increasing magnetic field, signaling the presence of an internal magnetic field due to short-range AFM correlations induced by magnetic moments of neighboring Eu sites. In low $H_{\textrm{ext}}$, the Schottky gaps show a non-linear relationship with $H_{\textrm{ext}}$ as the magnetic moments become weakly magnetized. In high $H_{\textrm{ext}}$, the magnetic moments of Eu sites become completely aligned with $H_{\textrm{ext}}$. Thus, increasing $H_{\textrm{ext}}$ does not further increase the magnetization, hence the Schottky gaps increase linearly with $H_{\textrm{ext}}$, Comment: 5 pages 4 figures

Motivated by current research efforts towards exploring the interplay between magnetism and superconductivity in multiband electronic systems, we have investigated the effects of Eu substitution through thermodynamic measurements on the superconducting filled skutterudite alloys Pr$_{1-x}$Eu$_x$Pt$_4$Ge$_{12}$. An increase in Eu concentration leads to a suppression of the superconducting transition temperature consistent with an increase of magnetic entropy due to Eu local moments. While the low-temperature heat capacity anomaly is present over the whole doping range, we find that in alloys with $x\leq0.5$ the Schottky peaks in the heat capacity in the superconducting state appear to be due to Zeeman splitting by an internal magnetic field. Our theoretical modeling suggests that this field is a result of the short-range antiferromagnetic correlations between the europium ions. For the samples with $x > 0.5$, the peaks in the heat capacity signal the onset of antiferromagnetic (AFM) ordering of the Eu moments., Comment: 7 pages, 7 figures

URu$_2$Si$_2$ exhibits an anomalous peak in the nonlinear magnetic susceptibility at the hidden order transition. In order to investigate this anomaly, we conducted direct magnetization measurements and investigated the detailed angular dependence of the $^{29}$Si nuclear magnetic resonance Knight shift tensor. We find that the nonlinear magnetization is smaller than previously reported, and the analogous nonlinear Knight shift tensor is below the detection limit. Our results suggest that the magnitude of the anomalous peak is sample dependent., Comment: 5 pages, 6 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. B

Layered \textit{Ln}OBiS$_2$ compounds with \textit{Ln} = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, and Yb can be rendered conducting and superconducting via two routes, substitution of F for O or the tetravalent ions Ti, Zr, Hf, and Th for trivalent \textit{Ln} ions. Electrical resistivity measurements on non-fluorinated La$_{0.80}$Ti$_{0.20}$OBiS$_2$ and La$_{0.85}$Th$_{0.15}$OBiS$_2$ superconductors were performed between $\sim$1.5 K and 300 K and under pressure up to 2.4 GPa. For both compounds, the superconducting transition temperature $T_c$, which is $\sim$2.9 K at ambient pressure, gradually increases with pressure to 3.2-3.7 K at $\sim$1 GPa, above which it is suppressed and the superconducting transitions become very broad. Measurements of the normal state electrical resistivity of the two compounds reveal discontinuous changes of the resistivity as a function of pressure at $\sim$0.6 GPa. Surprisingly, above 1.3 GPa, semiconducting-like behavior reappears in La$_{0.80}$Ti$_{0.20}$OBiS$_2$. This study reveals a new high-pressure phase of La$_{1-x}$$M$$_x$OBiS$_2$ containing the tetravalent ions $M$ = Ti, Th which does not favor superconductivity. In contrast, application of pressure to fluorinated LaO$_0.5$F$_0.5$BiS$_2$ produces an abrupt tetragonal-monoclinic transition to a metallic phase with an enhanced $T_c$. These results demonstrate that the response of the normal and superconducting properties of LaOBiS$_2$-based compounds depends strongly on the atomic site where the electron donor ions are substituted.

Studies of superconductivity in multiband correlated electronic systems has become one of the central topics in condensed matter/materials physics. In this paper, we present the results of thermodynamic measurements on the superconducting filled skutterudite system Pr$_{1-x}$Ce$_x$Pt$_4$Ge$_{12}$ ($ 0 \leq x \leq 0.2$) to investigate how substitution of Ce at Pr sites affects superconductivity. We find that an increase in Ce concentration leads to a suppression of the superconducting transition temperature from $T_{c}\sim 7.9$ K for $x=0$ to $T_c\sim 0.6$ K for $x=0.14$. Our analysis of the specific heat data for $x\leq 0.07$ reveals that superconductivity must develop in at least two bands: the superconducting order parameter has nodes on one Fermi pocket and remains fully gapped on the other. Both the nodal and nodeless gap values decrease, with the nodal gap being suppressed more strongly, with Ce substitution. Ultimately, the higher Ce concentration samples ($x>0.07$) display a nodeless gap only., Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures

Thermal expansion, electrical resistivity, magnetization, and specific heat measurements were performed on URu$_{2-x}$Fe$_{x}$Si$_{2}$ single crystals for various values of the Fe concentration $x$ in both the hidden order (HO) and large moment antiferromagnetic (LMAFM) regions of the phase diagram. Our results show that the paramagnetic (PM) to HO and LMAFM phase transitions are manifested differently in the thermal expansion coefficient. For Fe concentrations near the boundary between the HO and LMAFM phases at $x_c$ ~ 0.1, we observe two features in the thermal expansion upon cooling, one that appears to be associated with the transition from the PM to the HO phase and another one at lower temperature that may be due to the transition from the HO to the LMAFM phase. These two features have not been observed in other measurements such as specific heat or neutron scattering. In addition, the uniaxial pressure derivative of the transition temperature, based on a calculation using thermal expansion and specific heat data, changes dramatically when crossing from the HO to the LMAFM phase.

We report a study of the superconducting and normal-state properties of the filled-skutterudite system PrPt$_{4}$Ge$_{12-x}$Sb$_x$. Polycrystalline samples with Sb concentrations up to $x =$ 5 were synthesized and investigated by means of x-ray diffraction, electrical resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, and specific heat measurements. We observed a suppression of superconductivity with increasing Sb substitution up to $x =$ 4, above which, no signature of superconductivity was observed down to 140 mK. The Sommerfeld coefficient, $\gamma$, of superconducting specimens decreases with increasing $x$ up to $x =$ 3, suggesting that superconductivity may depend on the density of electronic states in this system. The specific heat for $x =$ 0.5 exhibits an exponential temperature dependence in the superconducting state, reminiscent of a nodeless superconducting energy gap. We observed evidence for a weak "rattling" mode associated with the Pr ions, characterized by an Einstein temperature $\Theta_{\mathrm{E}} \sim$ 60 K for 0 $\leq x \leq$ 5; however, the rattling mode may not play any role in suppressing superconductivity.

We present the effect of yttrium substitution on superconductivity in the La$_{1-\textit{x}}$Y$_{\textit{x}}$O$_{0.5}$F$_{0.5}$BiS$_{2}$ system. Polycrystalline samples with nominal Y concentrations up to 40% were synthesized and characterized via electrical resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, and specific heat measurements. Y substitution reduces the lattice parameter \textit{a} and unit cell volume \textit{V}, and a correlation between the lattice parameter \textit{c}, the La-O-La bond angle, and the superconducting critical temperature $T_c$ is observed. The chemical pressure induced by Y substitution for La produces neither the high-$T_c$ superconducting phase nor the structural phase transition seen in LaO$_{0.5}$F$_{0.5}$BiS$_{2}$ under externally applied pressure.

Measurements of electrical resistivity were performed between 3 and 300 K at various pressures up to 2.8 GPa on the BiS2-based superconductors LnO0.5F0.5BiS2 (Ln = Pr, Nd). At lower pressures, PrO0.5F0.5BiS2 and NdO0.5F0.5BiS2 exhibit superconductivity with critical temperatures Tc of 3.5 and3.9 K, respectively. As pressure is increased, both compounds undergo a transition at a pressure Pt from a low Tc superconducting phase to a high Tc superconducting phase in which Tc reaches maximum values of 7.6 and 6.4 K for PrO0.5F0.5BiS2 and NdO0.5F0.5BiS2, respectively. The pressure-induced transition is characterized by a rapid increase in Tc within a small range in pressure of ~0.3 GPa for both compounds. In the normal state of PrO0.5F0.5BiS2, the transition pressure Pt correlates with the pressure where the suppression of semiconducting behaviour saturates. In the normal state of NdO0.5F0.5BiS2, Pt is coincident with a semiconductor-metal transition. This behaviour is similar to the results recently reported for the LnO0.5F0.5BiS2 (Ln = La, Ce) compounds. We observe that Pt and the size of the jump in Tc between the two superconducting phases both scale with the lanthanide element in LnO0.5F0.5BiS2 (Ln = La, Ce, Pr, Nd)., Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures

The main objective of this work is to study generalized Browder's and Weyl's theorems for the multiplication operators $L_A$ and $R_B$ and for the elementary operator $\tau_{A,B}=L_AR_B$., Comment: 16 pages, original research article

We report a strategy to induce superconductivity in the BiS$_2$-based compound LaOBiS$_2$. Instead of substituting F for O, we increase the charge-carrier density (electron dope) via substitution of tetravalent Th$^{+4}$, Hf$^{+4}$, Zr$^{+4}$, and Ti$^{+4}$ for trivalent La$^{+3}$. It is found that both the LaOBiS$_2$ and ThOBiS$_2$ parent compounds are bad metals and that superconductivity is induced by electron doping with \emph{T$_c$} values of up to 2.85 K. The superconducting and normal states were characterized by electrical resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, and heat capacity measurements. We also demonstrate that reducing the charge-carrier density (hole doping) via substitution of divalent Sr$^{+2}$ for La$^{+3}$ does not induce superconductivity., Comment: 7 pages, 13 figures