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Objectives: This study compared the role of the adductor magnus muscle (Amag) as a hip extensor while performing active prone hip extension (PHE), PHE with hip adduction (PHE-ADD), and PHE with hip abduction (PHE-ABD) with the gluteus maximus (Gmax) and hamstrings. Methods: The study recruited 22 healthy participants. Electromyography data were recorded from the Amag, Gmax, and medial and lateral hamstrings during PHE, PHE-ADD, and PHE-ABD. Normalized electromyographic data were examined using one-way, repeated-measures analyses of variance. Results: The magnitude of the Amag, Gmax, and hamstring activations did not differ significantly while performing PHE (p = 0.41). Furthermore, the Amag and hamstring activations were significantly greater than the Gmax activation when performing PHE-ADD (p < 0.05). The Gmax showed significantly greater activation during PHE-ABD than the Amag and medial and lateral hamstrings (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Based on these results, we advocate including the Amag as a hip extensor during the PHE test or exercise. Our preliminary results have the potential to be applied directly to the PHE test, for investigating the muscle-activation pattern of the Amag with the Gmax and hamstrings in patients with hip or lower back pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The heterogeneity of nasal features across different racial and ethnic groups is evident. This large-scale multicenter study was performed to evaluate the dorsal keystone area and its relation to superficial nasal anatomy through computed tomography (CT) scans., Methods: Six populations were included: South Caucasian, Middle Eastern, Black South African, Eastern Asian, Mestizo, and Eastern European. Each center obtained CT scans performed between January of 2020 and December of 2022 from patients presenting a nasal hump and from an age- and sex-matched control group. Osteocartilaginous measurements in relation to ethmoidal point and to rhinion, as well as their relation to superficial nasal anatomy, were collected from nasal CT scans in midsagittal view. These were compared between populations and, in each center, between patient groups (nasal hump versus no nasal hump)., Results: The study population included 600 patients (254 with nasal hump) with a mean age of 33.98 years (range, 18 to 59 years); 55.6% were women. Average distances from the ethmoidal point were 10.1 ± 3.5 mm to the rhinion and 1.68 ± 0.23 mm to the beginning point of the nasal hump. In 96% of cases, the ethmoidal point was cranial or no more than 5 mm caudal to the beginning of the nasal hump. S-shaped nasal bones were associated with nasal hump, but angulation (kyphion angle) did not correlate with nasal hump height., Conclusions: In most patients, the nasal hump has no ethmoid bone underneath it, and the apex is located over the septal cartilage. The ethmoidal point is a reliable landmark and should be considered when evaluating established and new preservation and structural rhinoplasty approaches., (Copyright © 2023 by the American Society of Plastic Surgeons.)