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En maritim næring som det norske fiskeriet er, vil alltid ha et behov for sjøfolk som er kompetente innenfor deres yrkesfelt. Kompetansen sikrer trygg, effektiv og miljøvennlig drift av båtene, som er viktige faktorer for deres konkurranseevne i et internasjonalt marked. Kompetansebehovet til de ulike fiskeselskapene påvirkes til enhver tid av omgivelsene. Hva mannskapet må være i stand til å gjøre, blir for eksempel påvirket av digitale og teknologiske løsninger som båtene innehar, med mål om å for eksempel effektivisere drift eller å tilfredsstille krav om miljøvennlig drift. Det vil derfor være interessant å se på hvilke kompetanser fiskenæringen har behov for på kort sikt og på lang sikt. Hva slags kompetanse er det allerede mangel på, og hvordan skulle man kunne oppnå tilfredsstillende kompetanse i næringen basert på det som er etterspurt i dag? Samtidig vil det være interessant å se på mulige faktorer som er med på å endre kompetansebehovet i fremtiden, og hvordan man kan omstille kompetansen deretter. Her vil kompetansebegrepet bli forklart, sammen med innhenting av teori og data som gir uttrykk for hva fiskenæringen etterspør av kompetanse. Man vil også se på hva de ansvarlige myndighetene for utdanning ønsker å rette sitt fokus på, og hva næringen selv mener det burde fokuseres mest på. Analysen viser at det er et betydelig udekket kompetansebehov i fiskenæringen, og mangelen stort sett omfatter personer med utdanning fra videregående- og fagskolenivåer, men også at det er mangel på spesialiserte kompetanser. Fiskenæringen forventer samtidig at kompetansebehovet vil fortsette å endre seg, og at det i fremtiden vil være større behov for kompetanse innen digitalisering. Utbedring av tilbudet for etter- og videreutdanning av den eksisterende arbeidskraften blir ansett som det mest hensiktsmessige tiltaket å gjennomføre når kompetansen må omstille seg hurtig. A maritime industry such as the Norwegian fishing industry will always have a need for seafarers who are competent in their professional field. The expertise ensures safe, efficient and environmentally friendly operation of the boats, which are important factors for their competitiveness in an international market. The competence needs of the various fishing companies are affected at all times by the environment. What the crew must be able to do is, for example, influenced by digital and technological solutions that the boats have, with the aim of, for example, making operations more efficient or meeting requirements for environmentally friendly operation. It will therefore be interesting to see what competences the fishing industry needs in the short term and in the long term. What kind of competence is there already a shortage of, and how could one achieve satisfactory competence in the industry based on what is in demand today? At the same time, it will be interesting to look at possible factors that help to change the need for competence in the future, and how competence can be adjusted accordingly. Here, the concept of competence will be explained, together with the collection of theory and data that express what the fishing industry requires in terms of competence. One will also look at what the authorities responsible for education want to focus on, and what the industry itself believes should be focused on the most. The analysis shows that there is a significant unmet need for competence in the fishing industry, and the shortage mostly includes people with education from upper secondary and vocational school levels, but also that there is a lack of specialized competences. At the same time, the fishing industry expects that the competence needs will continue to change, and that in the future there will be a greater need for competence in digitalisation. Improving the provision for continuing-education for the existing workforce is considered the most appropriate measure to implement when the competence must be changed quickly.

Advancing digitalisation and sustainability is a worldwide priority for the construction sector. With intertwined agendas, digitalisation enables the achievement of sustainable outcomes. That is the case of EU initiatives exploring Building Information Modelling (BIM) as a facilitator to Circular Economy (CE). Thus, standardising BIM implementation through the ISO 19650 information requirements represents a stepping stone towards CE and achieving better sustainable outcomes. Concerning standardisation, a unified digitalisation vision is under development for the European public sector as part of the European Green Deal. However, the European Union has already identified that the proposed digitalisation approach has had limited effect on extensively achieving sustainable outcomes. Amongst the issues is the high complexity that hinders small and medium-sized (SMEs) construction organisations from contributing. This problem is exacerbated by the limited amount of published scientific research evidence explaining how SMEs incorporate resource-hungry digital processes into their resource-limited business models. Therefore, to better understand the digitalisation for sustainability success cases within European SMEs, this paper presents the results of a state of the art (SOTA) literature review of academic articles, followed by a state of evidence (SoE) review of grey literature. The focus of the review is Dutch small architectural practices (SAPs). The results highlight the importance of projects information requirements for SMEs and the multi-faceted digitalisation challenges experienced by SAPs and building design SMEs. This paper also suggests future research areas focusing on innovation realisation (IR).

We consider the classic partial sums problem on the ultra-wide word RAM model of computation. This model extends the classic w-bit word RAM model with special ultrawords of length bits that support standard arithmetic and boolean operation and scattered memory access operations that can access w (non-contiguous) locations in memory. The ultra-wide word RAM model captures (and idealizes) modern vector processor architectures. Our main result is a new in-place data structure for the partial sum problem that only stores a constant number of ultrawords in addition to the input and supports operations in doubly logarithmic time. This matches the best known time bounds for the problem (among polynomial space data structures) while improving the space from superlinear to a constant number of ultrawords. Our results are based on a simple and elegant in-place word RAM data structure, known as the Fenwick tree. Our main technical contribution is a new efficient parallel ultra-wide word RAM implementation of the Fenwick tree, which is likely of independent interest.

Urbanization, environmental pressures, and technological progress, especially Internet-of-Things (IoT), drive the emergence of new business fields, which can assist cities to become smarter in the way they manage their resources and infrastructures (Smart Cities). Companies that are positioned in traditional markets of urban infrastructure have to move into these new business fields, in order to ensure long-term competitiveness and survival. Currently, academic frameworks, in particular innovation management, are lacking with which new business fields can be analysed, and recommendations can be developed for mature companies regarding which start-ups in these markets to acquire. This paper presents such a framework, and apply it to the case of the emerging wireless waste monitoring (WWM) and smart water management (SWM) markets. For WWM 8 start-ups are identified. For SWM 9 start-up are identified. A mapping is made between technological building blocks, e.g. sensors and power supply, and solutions, e.g. fault monitoring, actual levels, historic comparisons, predictions. The results presented: (i) Main drivers and barriers for the future development of these markets; (ii) Main actors are in these markets the cross-section between large infrastructural operators and small start-ups:; (iii) Main products, services, and value propositions in these markets are based on systematic uniform property characteristics analysis; (iv) Maturity of the start-ups and firms is in these markets. Based on these results, acquisition recommendations are formulated for a European multinational, and suggestions for further research are provided. The analysis and recommendations represent (v) conversion of early niche-implementations of IoT technologies in to mainstream operations, (vi) interactivity between start-ups and large players pertaining diffusion of technology, (vii) corporate foresight is demonstrated critical in innovation management in combining market leaders and early adopters. This paper concludes that the operationalised approaches to the technology diffusion S-curve in form of acquisitive approaches of IoT in WWM and SWM as constituting smart city implementation.