Search

The study aims to address poverty eradication efforts globally and promote sustainable development goals (viz., SDGs 1 and 8), specifically focusing on improving quality of life, population optimization, job creation, and economic growth. The research investigates the increasing poverty rates in Sub‐Saharan Africa and analyses the role of population, unemployment, and quality of life in 18 selected countries from 2002 to 2019. The study employs the novel panel quantile autoregressive distributed lag method (PQARDL) developed by Chishti and Retish (2023) to address complex econometric challenges. The findings indicate that unemployment significantly contributes to short‐ and long‐term poverty across all market situations (bearish, normal, and bullish). Conversely, population growth significantly discourages poverty across African economies in the short and long term. These effects are observed in the case of remittances and GDP. Interestingly, the impact of infant mortality and life expectancy on poverty remains insignificant in the short term. Still, life expectancy discourages poverty in the long term, while infant mortality increases poverty in bearish, normal, and bullish market situations. As a result, unemployment and population growth are important factors determining poverty in Sub‐Saharan Africa. The study discusses policy directions based on these findings to address poverty effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the impact of governance index and gross fixed capital formation on the economic growth of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) using annual data from 2002 to 2019. This study employs Fixed Effect Model, Driscoll and Kraay standard error with fixed effect, Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square, Dynamic Ordinary Least Square (DOLS) and Panel Dumitrescu Hurlin Causality test. The study has divided the variables into two models where model I includes the impact of governance index (jointly) on economic growth while model II examines the impact of governance index on economic growth individually. The findings demonstrate that the governance index, gross fixed capital formation, population, control of corruption, and governance effectiveness have a positive and significant impact on economic growth, whereas regulatory quality showed a significant and negative impact on economic growth. Furthermore, regarding the Panel test, we notice the presence of unidirectional causality among the constituent variables. Therefore, this study suggests that the government should encourage economic development in the BRICS countries and move away from outdated ideas and poor institutional quality in favor of a new comprehensive reform to achieve excellent governance, population growth control, labor law changes, and corruption control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to investigate the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on environmental quality in China over the period 1984–2014. Specifically, the research focuses on the possibility of the effects of FDI on the quality of the environment in China. We employ the bound test approach and found a significant cointegration among environmental quality and other variables, the autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) model used after finding a cointegration connection between environmental quality and other independent variables to explore the short and long‐run relationships among the variables. The coefficient of the long‐run (ARDL) model indicates that the impact of FDI on the quality of the environment is positive, and it implies that better FDI inflows in China, resulting in higher energy consumption and thus leading in the direction of higher release of CO2 emission. Moreover, in the short run the coefficient obtained by the error correction mechanism shows that FDI does not improve the environmental quality, and it leads to more environmental degradation in China. The causality approach specifies that FDI and environmental quality have a unidirectional relationship. Therefore, the finding suggests that China should foray balance between FDI inflows and environmental quality, and encourage more FDI inflows, particularly in technology‐intensive and environment‐friendly industries, to improve environmental quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyzes the disparities in household expenditure on education up to the elementary level in Uttar Pradesh (UP). It analyzes social status defining variables along with some household environment variables in the most populous state of India. This study focuses on the role of caste, class (economic class), and their interactions in influencing the household education expenditure with respect to localities/sector, gender and type of schools in UP. It used secondary data from the 71st round of the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO). A total of 36,479 urban and 29,447 rural households having children aged 5-29 years, receiving any type of education were surveyed. Using 'Tobit model', it finds inequality existing at different levels. The study suggests strengthening of the economic structure of lower income classes (irrespective of caste) by providing more employment opportunities and continuing financial support, and also trying to implement a universal curriculum structure in all types of schools. Further, there is a need to strengthen the management system and ensure the accountability of teachers in government schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]