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Objectives The increasing prevalence of coronary artery disease [CAD] poses worrying statistics. Atherosclerosis of coronary vessels is the main culprit for the spectrum of CAD especially acute coronary syndrome. Atherosclerosis is regarded as a consequence of inflammatory changes in the coronaries. Our study aimed to assess the role of risk factors and inflammatory markers with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction [STEMI]. Methods 100 patients with ST-elevation Myocardial infarction [STEMI] and 100 age and sex matched controls were included in the study. A history of risk factors like smoking, hypertension, diabetes and hypertension was noted. A venous blood sample was obtained for analysis of inflammatory markers. The data thus obtained was statistically analyzed. Results The cases had a significant number of risk factors such as smoking, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus, previous history of CAD, increased body mass index [BMI], and raised high sensitive C-reactive protein [hs-CRP]. Patients with anterior myocardial infarction were older and had hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Patients with inferior myocardial infarction had high BMI, raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR] and alcoholism. Smokers, patients with diabetes mellitus, high total cholesterol, Low-density lipoprotein [LDL] cholesterol, and hs-CRP were more prone to complications. Conclusions Patients with a greater number of risk factors and raised inflammatory markers were at high risk of STEMI and its complications. An approach to control the modifiable risk factors like obesity and lifestyle changes can reduce the disease burden.

Introduction The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has incurred high costs for the entire planet. The complex interactions between the host, virus, and environment have resulted in various clinical outcomes. It is crucial to comprehend sickness severity and outcome predictors to provide early preventative measures for a better outcome. The current study aimed to determine the association of clinical and inflammatory profiles with the outcome of COVID-19 infection in patients admitted to the intensive care unit. Methods This retrospective study was done in patients admitted to intensive care units for COVID-19 with a positive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) assay. A total of 125 patients above 18 years were included in the study. The patient's age, gender, and co-morbidities like type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, respiratory illness, and coronary artery disease were noted. The patient's symptomatology, vital signs, oxygen saturation (Spo2), need for inotropes, and non-invasive positive pressure ventilator support (NIPPV) were observed. Computed tomography severity score (CTSS) and hematological and inflammatory parameters at the time of admission were noticed. Patient's management and treatment outcomes as survivors and non-survivors were noted. Results The mean age was significantly greater in non-survivors. The common symptoms were fever, respiratory distress, cough, muscle pain, and sore throat. The leucocyte count, C-reactive protein (CRP), urea, creatinine, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were greater, and platelet counts were lower significantly in the non-survivors group. On multivariable logistic regression, CT severity score, NIPPV, and IL-6 had an odds ratio of 1.17, 0.052, and 1.03, respectively. IL-6 had a sensitivity of 81.5% and a specificity of 81.8% with a cut-off value of 37.5. Conclusion Vigilant monitoring of leucocyte count, CRP, urea, creatinine, IL-6, LDH, platelet count, and CT severity score is essential for managing COVID-19 infection. IL-6 was found to be a significant marker as a predictor of outcome in our study.

Background: Fall risk assessment is an essential component of a comprehensive fall reduction and prevention program. Fall risk assessment is done to identify patients’ risk for falls and ultimately prevent falls from occurring. The aim of the study was to identify the risk factors for fall in the elderly population. Methods:This study included 250 elderly patients > 60 years (105 males, 145 females) attending Medicine OPD in a tertiary care hospital. Detailed history including the previous h/o falls, medication history elicited and divided study subjects into two groups: fallers and non-fallers. Cardiovascular, neurological, and musculoskeletal system examinations were done. Handgrip, 30 seconds chair standing test (CST), “timed up and go” test (TUG), and performance-oriented mobility assessment (POMA) were performed. Results:The prevalence of falls in our study was 27.6%. The mean age of fallers was 72.22±6.219 years (P 0.002). Females had significant falls compared to males (p < 0.001). In binary logistic regression, age >80 [OR-3.8, CI (1.8-8.1); p 0.016], female gender [OR-19.2, CI (3.03-122.2); p 0.002], visual impairment [OR-8.9, CI (1.4-55.4); p 0.019], postural hypotension [OR-59.8, CI (3.3-1.07); p 0.006] and presence of more than three risk factors [OR-9.6, CI (4.6-2.01); p 0.000] were significantly associated with fall in our study. Conclusion:Falls among older people were common, especially among individuals aged over 80. Females were more prone to fall. The number of risk factors, visual impairment, and postural hypotension increased the fall risk. Simple clinical assessment can identify high-risk patients.

Background Dengue fever, more prevalent in Asia, is a highly neglected vector-borne disease. It has a varied presentation ranging from common fever to atypical presentation as encephalitis. This study aimed to analyze the demographic and clinical profile of dengue patients admitted to a tertiary care center in Tamilnadu. Methodology This retrospective study was performed by collecting patient data from the medical records department for the years 2012 to 2014. A total of 150 patients with 50 patients from each year were selected. The patient's demographic data, clinical profile, management, and outcome were noted. Patients were divided into three groups as per the World Health Organization's 2009 classification. Results Most dengue cases occurred from October to December (70.7%). The number of male and female patients was almost equal (77 [51.3%] and 73 [48.7%], respectively). The middle-aged group (21-40 years) was commonly affected (54%). The mean age was 29 ± 13.20 years. Fever was the most common symptom (100%), followed by lethargy (81.3%) and myalgia (60.7%). Overall, 10% of patients had comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, and ischemic heart disease. Moreover, 22.7% of patients had dengue with warning signs, and severe dengue was seen in 19.3% of patients. A significant difference was noted in the total count, comorbidities, serositis, and the duration of hospitalization between the groups. No mortality was recorded in the study population. Conclusions Dengue is very common in the middle-aged group. Patients with severe dengue had significant leucopenia, several comorbidities, and serositis. The mortality can be reduced to