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1. Daily steps and all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis of 15 international cohorts

Author

Paluch, Amanda E, Bajpai, Shivangi, Bassett, David R, Carnethon, Mercedes R, Ekelund, Ulf, Evenson, Kelly R, Galuska, Deborah A, Jefferis, Barbara J, Kraus, William E, Lee, I-Min, Matthews, Charles E, Omura, John D, Patel, Alpa V, Pieper, Carl F, Rees-Punia, Erika, Dallmeier, Dhayana, Klenk, Jochen, Whincup, Peter H, Dooley, Erin E, Pettee Gabriel, Kelley, Palta, Priya, Pompeii, Lisa A, Chernofsky, Ariel, Larson, Martin G, Vasan, Ramachandran S, Spartano, Nicole, Ballin, Marcel, Nordström, Peter, Nordström, Anna, Anderssen, Sigmund A, Hansen, Bjørge H, Cochrane, Jennifer A, Dwyer, Terence, Wang, Jing, Ferrucci, Luigi, Liu, Fangyu, Schrack, Jennifer, Urbanek, Jacek, Saint-Maurice, Pedro F, Yamamoto, Naofumi, Yoshitake, Yutaka, Newton, Robert L, Jr, Yang, Shengping, Shiroma, Eric J, and Fulton, Janet E

Published
2022
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5. How do childhood cognition and life course health behaviours affect adult glucose homeostasis?

Author

Jefferis, Barbara J. M. H.

Subjects
610.7343
Abstract

AIM: To examine pathways from childhood cognitive ability, through adolescent and adult health behaviours to midlife glucose homeostasis.;SETTING: Prospective, population-based 1958 British birth cohort with information about cognitive trajectories between 7 and 16 years, tobacco and alcohol use up to the forties, adult social position and educational qualifications and 45-year glucose homeostasis (indexed by HbAic level, elevated HbAic / type 2 diabetes status and metabolic syndrome).;RESULTS: Poorer 7-year ability was associated with non-drinking, binge drinking and smoking in adulthood. Smoking was associated with poorer glucose homeostasis, with evidence of dose-response effects. There were graded associations between drinking frequency and glucose homeostasis infrequent and non-drinkers had higher HbAic and greater risks of metabolic syndrome than more frequent drinkers. Poorer 7-year ability (rather than change in ability 7-16 years) was associated with poorer glucose homeostasis. These associations were mediated by lifecourse smoking and drinking frequency. Additionally adult social class and qualifications were important mediators of the associations. Adult adiposity was a strong mediator between cognition and glucose regulation and, when explored as an outcome, there were inverse associations between 7-year ability and 45-year BMI or waist circumference, and smoking and drinking trajectories were associated with adult adiposity. Adult smoking and drinking were associated with glucose regulation after adjustment for confounding factors smoking and less frequent alcohol use were associated with poorer metabolic control.;CONCLUSIONS: Poorer childhood cognitive development was modestly associated with poorer mid-adult glucose homeostasis. These associations were not due to confounding by early life factors, but were largely mediated by adult smoking and drinking and adult socio economic position. The same pathways similarly influenced adult adiposity which was an important mediator between cognitive ability and adult glucose regulation. Smoking and drinking into adult life are shaped by childhood cognition and both in turn shape adult glucose regulation.

Published
2007

6. Identifying low density lipoprotein cholesterol associated variants in the Annexin A2 (ANXA2) gene

Author

Fairoozy, Roaa Hani, Cooper, Jackie, White, Jon, Giambartolomei, Claudia, Folkersen, Lasse, Wannamethee, S. Goya, Jefferis, Barbara J., Whincup, Peter, Ben-Shlomo, Yoav, Kumari, Meena, Kivimaki, Mika, Wong, Andrew, Hardy, Rebecca, Kuh, Diana, Gaunt, Tom R., Casas, J.P., McLachlan, Stela, Price, Jackie F., Hingorani, Aroon, Franco-Cereceda, Anders, Grewal, Thomas, Kalea, Anastasia Z., and Humphries, Steve E.

Published
2017
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7. Prospective association of daily steps with cardiovascular disease : a harmonized meta-analysis

Author

Paluch, Amanda E., Bajpai, Shivangi, Ballin, Marcel, Bassett, David R., Buford, Thomas W., Carnethon, Mercedes R., Chernofsky, Ariel, Dooley, Erin E., Ekelund, Ulf, Evenson, Kelly R., Galuska, Deborah A., Jefferis, Barbara J., Kong, Lingsong, Kraus, William E., Larson, Martin G., Lee, I-Min, Matthews, Charles E., Newton, Robert L., Nordström, Anna, Nordström, Peter, Palta, Priya, Patel, Alpa V., Pettee Gabriel, Kelley, Pieper, Carl F., Pompeii, Lisa, Rees-Punia, Erika, Spartano, Nicole L., Vasan, Ramachandran S., Whincup, Peter H., Yang, Shengping, Fulton, Janet E., Paluch, Amanda E., Bajpai, Shivangi, Ballin, Marcel, Bassett, David R., Buford, Thomas W., Carnethon, Mercedes R., Chernofsky, Ariel, Dooley, Erin E., Ekelund, Ulf, Evenson, Kelly R., Galuska, Deborah A., Jefferis, Barbara J., Kong, Lingsong, Kraus, William E., Larson, Martin G., Lee, I-Min, Matthews, Charles E., Newton, Robert L., Nordström, Anna, Nordström, Peter, Palta, Priya, Patel, Alpa V., Pettee Gabriel, Kelley, Pieper, Carl F., Pompeii, Lisa, Rees-Punia, Erika, Spartano, Nicole L., Vasan, Ramachandran S., Whincup, Peter H., Yang, Shengping, and Fulton, Janet E.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Taking fewer than the widely promoted "10 000 steps per day" has recently been associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality. The relationship of steps and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk remains poorly described. A meta-analysis examining the dose-response relationship between steps per day and CVD can help inform clinical and public health guidelines. METHODS: Eight prospective studies (20 152 adults [ie, ≥18 years of age]) were included with device-measured steps and participants followed for CVD events. Studies quantified steps per day and CVD events were defined as fatal and nonfatal coronary heart disease, stroke, and heart failure. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were completed using study-specific quartiles and hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CI were meta-analyzed with inverse-variance-weighted random effects models. RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 63.2±12.4 years and 52% were women. The mean follow-up was 6.2 years (123 209 person-years), with a total of 1523 CVD events (12.4 per 1000 participant-years) reported. There was a significant difference in the association of steps per day and CVD between older (ie, ≥60 years of age) and younger adults (ie, <60 years of age). For older adults, the HR for quartile 2 was 0.80 (95% CI, 0.69 to 0.93), 0.62 for quartile 3 (95% CI, 0.52 to 0.74), and 0.51 for quartile 4 (95% CI, 0.41 to 0.63) compared with the lowest quartile. For younger adults, the HR for quartile 2 was 0.79 (95% CI, 0.46 to 1.35), 0.90 for quartile 3 (95% CI, 0.64 to 1.25), and 0.95 for quartile 4 (95% CI, 0.61 to 1.48) compared with the lowest quartile. Restricted cubic splines demonstrated a nonlinear association whereby more steps were associated with decreased risk of CVD among older adults. CONCLUSIONS: For older adults, taking more daily steps was associated with a progressively decreased risk of CVD. Monitoring and promoting steps per day is a simple metric for clinician-patient communication and populati

Published
2023
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18. Daily steps and all-cause mortality : a meta-analysis of 15 international cohorts

Author

Paluch, Amanda E., Bajpai, Shivangi, Bassett, David R., Carnethon, Mercedes R., Ekelund, Ulf, Evenson, Kelly R., Galuska, Deborah A., Jefferis, Barbara J., Kraus, William E., Lee, I-Min, Matthews, Charles E., Omura, John D., Patel, Alpa V., Pieper, Carl F., Rees-Punia, Erika, Dallmeier, Dhayana, Klenk, Jochen, Whincup, Peter H., Dooley, Erin E., Pettee Gabriel, Kelley, Palta, Priya, Pompeii, Lisa A., Chernofsky, Ariel, Larson, Martin G., Vasan, Ramachandran S., Spartano, Nicole, Ballin, Marcel, Nordström, Peter, Nordström, Anna, Anderssen, Sigmund A., Hansen, Bjørge H., Cochrane, Jennifer A., Dwyer, Terence, Wang, Jing, Ferrucci, Luigi, Liu, Fangyu, Schrack, Jennifer, Urbanek, Jacek, Saint-Maurice, Pedro F., Yamamoto, Naofumi, Yoshitake, Yutaka, Newton, Robert L., Yang, Shengping, Shiroma, Eric J., Fulton, Janet E., Paluch, Amanda E., Bajpai, Shivangi, Bassett, David R., Carnethon, Mercedes R., Ekelund, Ulf, Evenson, Kelly R., Galuska, Deborah A., Jefferis, Barbara J., Kraus, William E., Lee, I-Min, Matthews, Charles E., Omura, John D., Patel, Alpa V., Pieper, Carl F., Rees-Punia, Erika, Dallmeier, Dhayana, Klenk, Jochen, Whincup, Peter H., Dooley, Erin E., Pettee Gabriel, Kelley, Palta, Priya, Pompeii, Lisa A., Chernofsky, Ariel, Larson, Martin G., Vasan, Ramachandran S., Spartano, Nicole, Ballin, Marcel, Nordström, Peter, Nordström, Anna, Anderssen, Sigmund A., Hansen, Bjørge H., Cochrane, Jennifer A., Dwyer, Terence, Wang, Jing, Ferrucci, Luigi, Liu, Fangyu, Schrack, Jennifer, Urbanek, Jacek, Saint-Maurice, Pedro F., Yamamoto, Naofumi, Yoshitake, Yutaka, Newton, Robert L., Yang, Shengping, Shiroma, Eric J., and Fulton, Janet E.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Although 10 000 steps per day is widely promoted to have health benefits, there is little evidence to support this recommendation. We aimed to determine the association between number of steps per day and stepping rate with all-cause mortality. METHODS: In this meta-analysis, we identified studies investigating the effect of daily step count on all-cause mortality in adults (aged ≥18 years), via a previously published systematic review and expert knowledge of the field. We asked participating study investigators to process their participant-level data following a standardised protocol. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality collected from death certificates and country registries. We analysed the dose-response association of steps per day and stepping rate with all-cause mortality. We did Cox proportional hazards regression analyses using study-specific quartiles of steps per day and calculated hazard ratios (HRs) with inverse-variance weighted random effects models. FINDINGS: We identified 15 studies, of which seven were published and eight were unpublished, with study start dates between 1999 and 2018. The total sample included 47 471 adults, among whom there were 3013 deaths (10·1 per 1000 participant-years) over a median follow-up of 7·1 years ([IQR 4·3-9·9]; total sum of follow-up across studies was 297 837 person-years). Quartile median steps per day were 3553 for quartile 1, 5801 for quartile 2, 7842 for quartile 3, and 10 901 for quartile 4. Compared with the lowest quartile, the adjusted HR for all-cause mortality was 0·60 (95% CI 0·51-0·71) for quartile 2, 0·55 (0·49-0·62) for quartile 3, and 0·47 (0·39-0·57) for quartile 4. Restricted cubic splines showed progressively decreasing risk of mortality among adults aged 60 years and older with increasing number of steps per day until 6000-8000 steps per day and among adults younger than 60 years until 8000-10 000 steps per day. Adjusting for number of steps per day, comparing quartile 1 with q

Published
2022
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25. Device-measured physical activity, adiposity and mortality: a harmonised meta-analysis of eight prospective cohort studies

Author

Tarp, Jakob, primary, Fagerland, Morten W, additional, Dalene, Knut Eirik, additional, Johannessen, Jostein Steene, additional, Hansen, Bjørge H, additional, Jefferis, Barbara J, additional, Whincup, Peter H, additional, Diaz, Keith M, additional, Hooker, Steven, additional, Howard, Virginia J, additional, Chernofsky, Ariel, additional, Larson, Martin G, additional, Spartano, Nicole L, additional, Vasan, Ramachandran S, additional, Dohrn, Ing-Mari, additional, Hagströmer, Maria, additional, Edwardson, Charlotte, additional, Yates, Thomas, additional, Shiroma, Eric J, additional, Dempsey, Paddy C, additional, Wijndaele, Katrien, additional, Anderssen, Sigmund A, additional, Lee, I-Min, additional, and Ekelund, Ulf, additional

Published
2021
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29. Abstract 13917: A Harmonized Meta-Analysis of the Associations of Steps per Day With Incident Cardiovascular Disease

Author

Paluch, Amanda E, primary, Bajpai, Shivangi, additional, Bassett, David R, additional, Chernofsky, Ariel, additional, Carnethon, Mercedes, additional, Dooley, Erin, additional, Ekelund, Ulf, additional, Evenson, Kelly R, additional, Pettee Gabriel, Kelley P, additional, Galuska, Deborah A, additional, Jefferis, Barbara J, additional, Kraus, William E, additional, Larson, Martin, additional, Lee, I-min M, additional, matthews, charles, additional, Newton, Robert L, additional, Omura, John D, additional, Palta, Priya, additional, Pieper, Carl, additional, Rees-Punia, Erika, additional, Pompeii, Lisa, additional, Rippon, Brady, additional, Spartano, Nicole L, additional, Ramachandran, Vasan S, additional, Yang, Shengping, additional, and Fulton, Janet E, additional

Published
2021
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32. The Steps For Health Collaborative: A Description Of Baseline Steps In 11 Prospective Cohort Studies

Author

Paluch, Amanda E., primary, Bassett, David R., additional, Carnethon, Mercedes R., additional, Cuthbertson, Carmen C., additional, Ekelund, Ulf, additional, Evenson, Kelly R., additional, Galuska, Deborah A., additional, Jefferis, Barbara J., additional, Kraus, William E., additional, Lee, I-Min, additional, Matthews, Charles E., additional, Omura, John D., additional, Patel, Alpa V., additional, Rees-Punia, Erika, additional, Pieper, Carl F., additional, and Fulton, Janet E., additional

Published
2021
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35. Device-measured physical activity, adiposity and mortality: a harmonised meta-analysis of eight prospective cohort studies.

Author

Tarp, Jakob, Fagerland, Morten W., Dalene, Knut Eirik, Johannessen, Jostein Steene, Hansen, Bjørge H., Jefferis, Barbara J., Whincup, Peter H., Diaz, Keith M., Hooker, Steven, Howard, Virginia J., Chernofsky, Ariel, Larson, Martin G., Spartano, Nicole L., Vasan, Ramachandran S., Dohrn, Ing-Mari, Hagströmer, Maria, Edwardson, Charlotte, Yates, Thomas, Shiroma, Eric J., and Dempsey, Paddy C.

Subjects
OBESITY complications, OBESITY, RESEARCH, META-analysis, RESEARCH methodology, EVALUATION research, COMPARATIVE studies, EXERCISE, WAIST circumference, BODY mass index, ADIPOSE tissues, LONGITUDINAL method
Abstract

Background: The joint associations of total and intensity-specific physical activity with obesity in relation to all-cause mortality risk are unclear.Methods: We included 34 492 adults (72% women, median age 62.1 years, 2034 deaths during follow-up) in a harmonised meta-analysis of eight population-based prospective cohort studies with mean follow-up ranging from 6.0 to 14.5 years. Standard body mass index categories were cross-classified with sample tertiles of device-measured total, light-to-vigorous and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and sedentary time. In five cohorts with waist circumference available, high and low waist circumference was combined with tertiles of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity.Results: There was an inverse dose-response relationship between higher levels of total and intensity-specific physical activity and mortality risk in those who were normal weight and overweight. In individuals with obesity, the inverse dose-response relationship was only observed for total physical activity. Similarly, lower levels of sedentary time were associated with lower mortality risk in normal weight and overweight individuals but there was no association between sedentary time and risk of mortality in those who were obese. Compared with the obese-low total physical activity reference, the HRs were 0.59 (95% CI 0.44 to 0.79) for normal weight-high total activity and 0.67 (95% CI 0.48 to 0.94) for obese-high total activity. In contrast, normal weight-low total physical activity was associated with a higher risk of mortality compared with the obese-low total physical activity reference (1.28; 95% CI 0.99 to 1.67).Conclusions: Higher levels of physical activity were associated with lower risk of mortality irrespective of weight status. Compared with obesity-low physical activity, there was no survival benefit of being normal weight if physical activity levels were low. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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36. Association of Maximum Temperature With Sedentary Time in Older British Men.

Author

Sartini, Claudio, Morris, Richard W., Whincup, Peter H., Wannamethee, S. Goya, Ash, Sarah, Lennon, Lucy, and Jefferis, Barbara J.

Subjects
SEDENTARY behavior, MORTALITY risk factors, ACCELEROMETRY, ACCELEROMETERS, OLDER people
Abstract

Background: Sedentary behavior is very common in older adults and a risk factor for mortality. Understanding determinants of sedentary behavior may help in defining strategies aimed to reduce the time spent sedentary. The degree of difference in sedentary time attributable to varying temperatures has not been yet estimated in older men. Methods: Men aged 71 to 91 years participating in an established UK population-based cohort study were invited to wear an Actigraph GT3X accelerometer for 1 week in 2010-12. Outcome was sedentary time (<1.5 Metabolic Equivalent of Task) in minutes per day. Associations between daily outdoor maximum temperature and accelerometer-measured sedentary time were estimated using multilevel models. Results: 43% (1361/3137) of invited men participated in the study and provided adequate data. Men spent on average 615 minutes in sedentary time per day (72% of the total accelerometer-wear time). After adjusting for covariates, men spent 26 minutes more per day (P < .001) in sedentary time when temperatures were in the lowest (-3.5; 9.2°C) versus highest quintile (19.1; 29.5°C). Conclusions: Sedentary time in older adults is highest at lowest temperatures, typically recorded in winter. Findings are relevant for guidelines: interventions may consider targeting older men in winter providing recommendations for minimizing sedentariness on daily basis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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38. Association Between Genetic Variants on Chromosome 15q25 Locus and Objective Measures of Tobacco Exposure

Author

Munafò, Marcus R., Timofeeva, Maria N., Morris, Richard W., Prieto-Merino, David, Sattar, Naveed, Brennan, Paul, Johnstone, Elaine C., Relton, Caroline, Johnson, Paul C. D., Walther, Donna, Whincup, Peter H., Casas, Juan P., Uhl, George R., Vineis, Paolo, Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Jefferis, Barbara J., Amuzu, Antoinette, Riboli, Elio, Upton, Mark N., Aveyard, Paul, Ebrahim, Shah, Hingorani, Aroon D., Watt, Graham, Palmer, Tom M., Timpson, Nicholas J., and Davey Smith, George

Published
2012
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39. Comparative analysis of genome-wide association studies signals for lipids, diabetes, and coronary heart disease: Cardiovascular Biomarker Genetics Collaboration

Author

Angelakopoulou, Aspasia, Shah, Tina, Sofat, Reecha, Shah, Sonia, Berry, Diane J., Cooper, Jackie, Palmen, Jutta, Tzoulaki, Ioanna, Wong, Andrew, Jefferis, Barbara J., Maniatis, Nikolas, Drenos, Fotios, Gigante, Bruna, Hardy, Rebecca, Laxton, Ross C., Leander, Karin, Motterle, Anna, Simpson, Iain A., Smeeth, Liam, Thomson, Andy, Verzilli, Claudio, Kuh, Diana, Ireland, Helen, Deanfield, John, Caulfield, Mark, Wallace, Chris, Samani, Nilesh, Munroe, Patricia B., Lathrop, Mark, Fowkes, F. Gerry R., Marmot, Michael, Whincup, Peter H., Whittaker, John C., de Faire, Ulf, Kivimaki, Mika, Kumari, Meena, Hypponen, Elina, Power, Chris, Humphries, Steve E., Talmud, Philippa J., Price, Jackie, Morris, Richard W., Ye, Shu, Casas, Juan P., and Hingorani, Aroon D.

Published
2012
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40. Genetic variation at CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 interacts with smoking status to influence body mass index

Author

Freathy, Rachel M, Kazeem, Gbenga R, Morris, Richard W, Johnson, Paul C D, Paternoster, Lavinia, Ebrahim, Shah, Hattersley, Andrew T, Hill, Anita, Hingorani, Aroon D, Holst, Claus, Jefferis, Barbara J, Kring, Sofia I I, Mooser, Vincent, Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Preisig, Martin, Ring, Susan M, Sattar, Naveed, Upton, Mark N, Vollenweider, Peter, Waeber, Gerard, Sørensen, Thorkild I A, Frayling, Timothy M, Watt, Graham, Lawlor, Debbie A, Whincup, Peter H, Tozzi, Federica, Davey Smith, George, and Munafò, Marcus

Published
2011
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41. Joint associations of accelerometer-measured physical activity and sedentary time with all-cause mortality: a harmonised meta-analysis in more than 44 000 middle-aged and older individuals

Author

Ekelund, Ulf, primary, Tarp, Jakob, additional, Fagerland, Morten W, additional, Johannessen, Jostein Steene, additional, Hansen, Bjørge H, additional, Jefferis, Barbara J, additional, Whincup, Peter H, additional, Diaz, Keith M, additional, Hooker, Steven, additional, Howard, Virginia J, additional, Chernofsky, Ariel, additional, Larson, Martin G, additional, Spartano, Nicole, additional, Vasan, Ramachandran S, additional, Dohrn, Ing-Mari, additional, Hagströmer, Maria, additional, Edwardson, Charlotte, additional, Yates, Thomas, additional, Shiroma, Eric J, additional, Dempsey, Paddy, additional, Wijndaele, Katrien, additional, Anderssen, Sigmund A, additional, and Lee, I-Min, additional

Published
2020
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44. Does total volume of physical activity matter more than pattern for onset of CVD? A prospective cohort study of older British men

Author

Jefferis, Barbara J, Parsons, Tessa J, Sartini, Claudio, Ash, Sarah, Lennon, Lucy T, Papacosta, Olia, Morris, Richard, Wannamethee, S Goya, Lee, I-Min, and Whincup, Peter H

Subjects
Accelerometer, Stroke, CHD, Physical activity, Heart failure, Sedentary behaviour, human activities
Abstract

Aims: With increasing age, physical inactivity and sedentary behaviour levels increase, as does cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence. We investigate how device-measured sedentary behaviour and physical activity (PA) are related to CVD onset in men aged 70+; whether the total volume of activity is more important than pattern.Methods and results: Prospective population-based cohort study of men recruited from 24 UK General Practices in 1978–80. In 2010–12, 3137 survivors were invited to complete questionnaires and wear an Actigraph GT3x accelerometer for 7 days. PA intensity was categorised as sedentary, light and moderate to vigorous (MVPA). Men were followed up for Myocardial Infarction, stroke and heart failure (ICD9 410–414, 430–438 and 428) morbidity and mortality from 2010 to 12 to June 2016. Hazard Ratios (HRs) for incident Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) were estimated. 1528/3137 (49%) men had sufficient accelerometer data. 254 men with pre-existing CVD were excluded. Participants' mean age was 78.4 (range 71–92) years. After median 4.9 years follow-up, 122 first CVD events occurred in 1181 men (22.7/1000 person-years) with complete data. For each additional 30 min in sedentary behaviour, light PA,10 min in MVPA, or 1000 steps/day, HRs for CVD were 1.09(95%CI 1.00, 1.19), 0.94(0.85, 1.04), 0.88(0.81, 0.96) and 0.86(0.78 to 0.95) respectively, adjusted for measurement-related factors, socio-demographics, health behaviours and disability. HRs for accumulating 150 min/week MVPA in bouts ≥1 min and bouts ≥10 min were 0.47(0.32 to 0.69), and 0.49(0.25, 0.98).Conclusions: In older men, high volume of steps or MVPA rather than MVPA bouts was associated with reduced CVD risk.

Published
2019

45. Objectively measured physical activity, sedentary behaviour and all-cause mortality in older men:Does volume of activity matter more than pattern of accumulation?

Author

Jefferis, Barbara J, Parsons, Tessa J, Sartini, Claudio, Ash, Sarah, Lennon, Lucy T, Papacosta, Olia, Morris, Richard W, Wannamethee, S Goya, Lee, I-Min, and Whincup, Peter H

Subjects
Aged, 80 and over, Male, physical activity, Actigraphy, mortality, Body Mass Index, accelerometer, Heart Rate, Surveys and Questionnaires, bouts, sedentary behaviour, Humans, Original Article, Prospective Studies, Sedentary Behavior, Exercise, Aged, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Objectives: To understand how device-measured sedentary behaviour and physical activity are related to all-cause mortality in older men, an age group with high levels of inactivity and sedentary behaviour. Methods: Prospective population-based cohort study of men recruited from 24 UK General Practices in 1978-1980. In 2010-2012, 3137 surviving men were invited to a follow-up, 1655 (aged 71-92 years) agreed. Nurses measured height and weight, men completed health and demographic questionnaires and wore an ActiGraph GT3x accelerometer. All-cause mortality was collected through National Health Service central registers up to 1 June 2016. Results: After median 5.0 years' follow-up, 194 deaths occurred in 1181 men without pre-existing cardiovascular disease. For each additional 30 min in sedentary behaviour, or light physical activity (LIPA), or 10 min in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), HRs for mortality were 1.17 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.25), 0.83 (95% CI 0.77 to 0.90) and 0.90 (95% CI 0.84 to 0.96), respectively. Adjustments for confounders did not meaningfully change estimates. Only LIPA remained significant on mutual adjustment for all intensities. The HR for accumulating 150 min MVPA/week in sporadic minutes (achieved by 66% of men) was 0.59 (95% CI 0.43 to 0.81) and 0.58 (95% CI 0.33 to 1.00) for accumulating 150 min MVPA/week in bouts lasting ≥10 min (achieved by 16% of men). Sedentary breaks were not associated with mortality. Conclusions: In older men, all activities (of light intensity upwards) were beneficial and accumulation of activity in bouts ≥10 min did not appear important beyond total volume of activity. Findings can inform physical activity guidelines for older adults.

Published
2018

49. Joint associations of accelero-meter measured physical activity and sedentary time with all-cause mortality: a harmonised meta-analysis in more than 44 000 middle-aged and older individuals.

Author

Ekelund, Ulf, Tarp, Jakob, Fagerland, Morten W., Johannessen, Jostein Steene, Hansen, Bjørge H., Jefferis, Barbara J., Whincup, Peter H., Diaz, Keith M., Hooker, Steven, Howard, Virginia J., Chernofsky, Ariel, Larson, Martin G., Spartano, Nicole, Vasan, Ramachandran S., Dohrn, Ing-Mari, Hagströmer, Maria, Edwardson, Charlotte, Yates, Thomas, Shiroma, Eric J., and Dempsey, Paddy

Subjects
PHYSICAL activity, REGRESSION analysis, MORTALITY
Abstract

Objectives: To examine the joint associations of accelerometer-measured physical activity and sedentary time with all-cause mortality.Methods: We conducted a harmonised meta-analysis including nine prospective cohort studies from four countries. 44 370 men and women were followed for 4.0 to 14.5 years during which 3451 participants died (7.8% mortality rate). Associations between different combinations of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time were analysed at study level using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis and summarised using random effects meta-analysis.Results: Across cohorts, the average time spent sedentary ranged from 8.5 hours/day to 10.5 hours/day and 8 min/day to 35 min/day for MVPA. Compared with the referent group (highest physical activity/lowest sedentary time), the risk of death increased with lower levels of MVPA and greater amounts of sedentary time. Among those in the highest third of MVPA, the risk of death was not statistically different from the referent for those in the middle (16%; 95% CI 0.87% to 1.54%) and highest (40%; 95% CI 0.87% to 2.26%) thirds of sedentary time. Those in the lowest third of MVPA had a greater risk of death in all combinations with sedentary time; 65% (95% CI 1.25% to 2.19%), 65% (95% CI 1.24% to 2.21%) and 263% (95% CI 1.93% to 3.57%), respectively.Conclusion: Higher sedentary time is associated with higher mortality in less active individuals when measured by accelerometry. About 30-40 min of MVPA per day attenuate the association between sedentary time and risk of death, which is lower than previous estimates from self-reported data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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50. Associations of time of day with cardiovascular disease risk factors measured in older men: results from the British Regional Heart Study

Author

Sartini, Claudio, Whincup, Peter H, Wannamethee, S Goya, Jefferis, Barbara J., Lennon, Lucy, Lowe, Gordon D.O., Welsh, Paul, Sattar, Naveed, and Morris, Richard W.

Abstract

Objective: We estimated associations of time of day with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors measured in older men.\ud \ud Methods: CVD risk factors (markers of inflammation and haemostasis, and cardiac markers) were measured on one occasion between 08:00 and 19:00 hours in 4252 men aged 60–79 years from the British Regional Heart Study. Linear models were used to estimate associations between time of day and risk factors. When an association was found, we examined whether the relationship between risk factors and cardiovascular mortality was affected by the adjustment for time of day using survival analyses.\ud \ud Results: N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels increased by 3.3% per hour (95% CI 1.9% to 4.8%), interleukin-6 (IL-6) increased by 2.6% per hour (95% CI 1.8% to 3.4%), while tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) decreased by 3.3% per hour (95% CI 3.7% to 2.9%); these associations were unaffected by adjustment for possible confounding factors. The percentages of variation in these risk factors attributable to time of day were less than 2%. In survival analyses, the association of IL-6, NT-proBNP and t-PA with cardiovascular mortality was not affected by the adjustment for time of day. C reactive protein, fibrinogen, D-dimer, von Willebrand factor and cardiac troponin T showed no associations with time of day.\ud \ud Conclusions: In older men, markers of inflammation (IL-6), haemostasis (t-PA) and a cardiac marker (NT-proBNP) varied by time of day. The contribution of time of day to variations in these markers was small and did not appear to be relevant for the CVD risk prediction.

Published
2017

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